港史文本 || HK In Texts: CO129/27 - Public Offices

Cory

1848

Vol:

کی

Miscellaneous Public Offices

atoz 3

PURE

Co 1249/27.

House Comm

Nouns Parliament.

но

entions

668

Hong

House of Commons.

Kong

Ordered

Veneris, 31° die Martii, 1848.

That there be laid before this House, Accounts of the Receipt and Expenditure of the Colony of Hong Kong (in continuation of Parliamentary Paper, No. 261, of Session 1847):

Of all Lands that have at any time been leased, sold, or granted to the public in the Colony of Hong Kong; specifying situation, quantity, and rent of each lot, the rents received from each lot, the date of payment, and the arrears,

if any, specifying when such rents became in arrear:

And, of all the Lands which, by non-fulfilment of covenants, forfeiture of depo- sits, or from other causes, have become lapsed to the Crown.

bstract to Land Board

Extract to for 10 and 24

apers presented to

13 Apt/48.

I & Ley fl. Bra from

Me Ellist

I conclude that all the aeformistion

tee

popes in the Office

these topics should be supplied in pursuance of

This roer.

LB.

4/4/40.

ninjec

سن

With: Kesslyan. H.06.

718.

Justin.

16.

Wib.

Mr Merivale.

3301 Honey Hong

Ancelled Drag

OFF

With reference to the litter

from this befurtment detal

the 5th of February 1847

Same deireta

to laid Grey the request that you

last

hill move the Forss Commiss.

Kessary

to Cause &

Riture, in conlineshor of

The Land Return of the hea having arrived from Hong Kong, I find that in order to complete to the order off

AU AĦdle"

the Horne, to have thea

the Perbarnentary Passen & 261 of we ought also of the Themifts and

Retorne of the Revenue &

Expenditure : and I have disku

Disbursements of the

therefore requests that the

Colony

present draft might be Hong Kong up to the Catech

prepared.

Have

there

2.78.1675.

already

thrachey

had

? W

Ant

Med te

de and

percoil to be prepared

transmitted to this office tho

enable his Lordsbife to comefly

with the terms of an Orien

and of the House of Commones

Expenditure but unless procured

We have Returns of the Rev: and from the Board

the Board of Audit

They

CHINA.

KONG.)

(H 0 N G K 0 N G.)

they would not be

" continuation of the former

accounts which is what

the Order of the House

regeures.

They

are in

different form from ours.

Nevertheless if you

thd

kink that our accounts

will serve the purpose

I shall be ver

vary glad of

being thus enabled to

present them more

speedily.

7.78.17/5.

M.10 Stunt the

Echeneie

векс

晨

best_tu pun inly

dilpis - the items

wh the turn

in beta ?

RETURN to an Order of the Honourable The House of Commons,

dated 26 January 1847;-for,

ACCOUNTS of the RECEIPTS and DISBURSEMENTS of the Colony of Hong Kong (in continuation of the last Parliamentary Returns), made up to the latest Period at which. they can be furnished."

ACCOUNTS of the RECEIPTS and DISBURSEMENTS of the Colony of Hong Kong (in continuation of the last Parliamentary Returns, Paper No. 264, Sess. 1846), made up to the latest Period to which they can be furnished.

1st October 1845 to 30th September 1846.

Land Rents

Market Rents

Rents of Buildings

Fees on grants of Leases

RECEIPTS:

Fees on appointment of Serangs

Fees on Marriages and Burials Fees on registering Boats

£.

3. d.

£.

13,402 19 7

1,642 6 2

701 4 3

320 5 4

100 10 11

50 7 1

124 13 3

1,550 17 7

1,091 18 7

Fines, Fees, &c. in Magistrates' Courts Licenses to Publicans and Spirit-dealers

Pawnbrokers -

Auctioneers Salt-brokers Billiard Rooms Opium-farming Stone-quarrying

Duty on Sales at Auction

Police Assessment

Contribution in aid of Police Expenses

Sailing Letters and Passes, granted by Her Majesty's Superintendent?

of Trade

Sale of Stores

Sums recovered

AID levied in the COLONY:

From the Commissariat Chest

Salaries

TOTAL RECEIPTS

DISBURSEMENTS:

Wages to subordinate Persons in the Departments of-

Police

Marine

Land

Other Departments

Rations supplied to Police

Contingent Expenses of the several Departments

Formation of a Burial-ground

Formation of Roads, Bridges, &c.

Repairs of Roads damaged by Storm

Erection and Repair of Buildings

Commission on Sales at Auction

Hire of Buildings for Offices

Allowance to Military Engineers while employed upon Colonial Works Allowance to the Coroner for Two Years' Service

Allowance to Assessors of the Police Rate -

Payments on account of the Department of Her Majesty's Superin- Į

tendent of Trade -

PAYMENTS on account of the following CONSULATES :

Canton

Shanghai

Ningpo

Amoy

Foochoofoo

Macao

492 11 8 82 11 9 569 15 10

25 10 4,212 10

569 15 10

412 12 6

1,276 14 2

614 12 4

39 7 6

43 6 6

18 18 4

27,348 9 4

60,000

87,348 9

£.

30,967 9 9

4,869 2 9

730 8 4

345 5 9

223 6 8

1,091 16 9

4,625 18 6

154 9 1

14,171 10 4

1,004

2,743 5 6

1,840 5

106 4 5

191 14 10

200

41 13 4

63,306 12 3

7,509 7 9

5,786 5 5

8,009 16 2

4,481 7 8

4,399 7 4

2,645 5 5

110 12 6

TOTAL EXPENDITURE

Audit Office, Somerset House,}

24 February 1847.

261.

32,942 2 3

£.

96,248 14 6

H. F. Luttrell. Henry Arbuthnot.

Edward Romilly.

261.

Bonhom

1506 Harry Heny

NAY

Eent &

1014:

315

بنگ

Shoumich to you

herewith

Ontrack from

are Adler of the House

Mammour for

a returne

of all Lances land, sold in Hry Hory.

that in

ingrantial

and there to request that yo

noby

will coull

ве

this Return to be

prepared in the

Знание

the Coler &

specified in

that off

дже

will transmit it to me

(HONG KONG)

CHINA.

latest Period at which they can be furnished. Paper No. 264, Sess. 1846), made up to the continuation of the last Parliamentary Returns, MENTS of the Colony of Hong Kong (in ACCOUNTS of the RECEIPTS and DISBURSE-

(Dr. Bowring.)

Ordered, by The House of Commons, to be Printed,

31 March 1847.

ני

at the which prostiraler

period,

ப

[

{

Admiralty

Adira

•

Copy to Sov 1 Kony. 23 Norps Nz

Drift with 2145 Audi)

Donnelly

16th how? 1848.

Sam commanded by my Lords

Commissione is of the Admiralty to send you herewith, for the infarction

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of Earl Grey, a copy of bestructions which their Lordships have this day addressed to Rear Admiral Lie Francer Collies, respecting the measurer to be adopted for the suppression of Piracy,

for

and

the protection of trading bepels, on the Coasts of China,

be Copy of these bstructions has also be sent to the hajesty Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs den, kü La.

Your most obedient

humble lewat.

Herman Merivale reg.

Colonial Office.

леджана

Should

Copy of the husbucheres

ве

Gransmitter to the

fore?? See 2143. Ang hing.

Buf

whe

Mor Meriale

Minut 10?

го

Copy

Draft for Approval.

Sir,

Admiralty,

16. Nov. 1848.

Align! having

had under their

Consulerator the subject of Princy, which has

the Coasts of

for some time existed on

China, and the

has

system of Convoys

which

originated therefrom, I am commanded

by myhords (commissioners of the Adinerally

to communicate to

to you the following

Remarks for your information & guidance,

and my

Lords desire that

you

will place

these

yourself in communication

matter with 1M's Plenipotenting at

Hemptory with - now to

wishes of Atti's 7

CareAdmiral

Nong Hong

cany

out the

's Gout on this su Gjest The prevalence of Perang

он

The

the Coasts of Chinia is

to all Commerce; and

well to British

impediment

ious the afore yons

as to Chinese interests.

And their Lordships also think that a

wall regulated system of Co-operation

between the Chinese Authorities and

British Consuls and Naval Comen

would have

-Spect

highly beneficial

Political Relations,

Jex

and would tend to increase and

confirms the influence of our National

Power and Character.

In the other hand the Coast to

Miles

he guarded is of more than 1000 Mit

in extent, and in

pemarkable for

Rocky Soland,

Shoals and Currents

and

going facilities to a parauding

The Winds blow

Warfare. It

for Mouths in

Mamatly

Northern and Southem

desiction

opposing difficulties to the

of Creugers,

& are often

free movement

ovement of Cre

dangerous from their violence, and the distinction between the fair Trader and the Pirate is not always

strongly marked

the Past, and

strong general puensures for the soffersion of Perncy are inject

abuse, I must be

Cantion.

ot to

regulated with

Muploads the Naval Force placed under

do not think that

your

Command should be responsible

for the general security of

the

Walles in the ammedente nechatonshir

of Hong Kong. This is a Colonial

catrust, & a Colonial floating Probin

interest,

Police

should

direction

זי

should be organized for the purpose, though the aid of the Ships Seamen

under

your orders should readily

be afforded to

any operation having

for its object the Capture

ait the Capture and destruction

Ships

Upon the Castion

under

the Castion Coast of China the

your

secasionally.

Command

might

do some good, though they could hardly pretend entirely to suppress Piracy without a considerables increase of Force.

hat Beitain is bound by Treaty Vessel at each of the

hae, Nerifpro,

Gent Ration 10

maintain

Ports of the

Shang

Foo- chow foo

mfords doubt whether these

, and

Amoy,

Nepals are of

器

to British Merchants

of any advantage

stationary

and Consuls

Consuls statio

in the Ports,

commensurate with that which would be

dorived from them currence of the

with the

of the Consals and

Mandarins, they

wese vec.

occasionally

employed in the protection of Convoys and in the suppression of Pening

this Pavid has already

Rend

Good Service of this kind has

been done

Espresse.

by HM Sloops Scout and and has been acknowledged

by the Chinese Authorities; and posibly, the double object of protecting Commerce & improving

Relations, might, with

our Chinese

new arrangements

and increased activity be further

accomplished. Mylords submit

these observations to

to you,

and

authings you to act upon theme,

desiring

desiring at the suure line that,

will make

suy

same y

you

observations thereon

which you may think proper

My Lords would further recorevend to you that. ho operating of importance should be undertakere without the

Commssence both of Mancarue

med Courel, and you will consider

ес

wwhether it may not be possible

to organize a Chinese Mustiary

пушије

Fone such as many

ait at the

expense of the churrere Authiontier

under the mumeciulă direction

of our officers

Theer Lordships would- not have my equctor of payment made for the desire of our

they apprehend that such

quiting

excution might becomes souse

комн

comept extortion in the hand of

the Mundaries.

My Louts huviing subquitted to 4m Seizy State for Porciye Affairs

Copy of the above securks, Jaux commuted

Sum

by there Loulohipps to send

you a

есел

herewith a copy of a Letter

Stute for from the Murder Seize of Freign Affairs ductest the 31th of lust Mouth, stating

رمی

theet cinomet Julevesstive

concurs in the liews of the Board of Achemically as to the

нее

Mensues which should

be taken with

a vein to

Cessels

portenting Bracing expels the China Consts frame

Piracy,

and that his

Lordship

Lordship will wishnet #MG Plenipotication to enter into

aline with you on

meation

mutters

Jam Do

(hymes) Hich Ward

there

Cop, to Ser thoug

Cops somially

16th ho5+ 1848

کر

with reference to bey Letter

of this day's date, transmithing a Copy of bastinations to Rear Adinical

Lin Francis Collier on

the subsect

of the means to be adopted to check the prevalence

Seas, and

in the China Seas,

ofperacy

other

pouts of his station, my

Lords

Commissione er of the Adminatty hould wish to suggest to harl

вред

bey the propriety of hotmctions being given to the Queen's

Advreate,

or other Law Affeces

of the Colony of Hong Kong, to

watch

the Interests of the

Public, with regard to the Bounty Meseven Merivale Ezg.

вед

Colonial Office.

claimed under the bet of 6th of Ges. 4th, Chap. 49, for the captive, and destruction, of Pirater; in ar

m.ch, ar

it affears to may

сака

Londly, that, in some cases,

Bounties have been awardedh

се

bithout sufficient Erden ce

being adduced to patify the decision of the Court, and their Lordships apprehend that

under the Instructions how

being

shout out, and in the extendect

operations contemplated,

Bounties may

be awarded

in cases, which, although

Considered Piracy by the Clemonts,

sught hot properly to be

the meaning, and intent, of the bet above referred to, Lane, Sie,

for most obedient

humble Sewr

within

hace

d as coming

the

P 'N XX?

ну

Mr Men

no touch the

10 New M

2.662

Entuent

174

Bonham C.B.

26 Jadis 27.

16 Ner

2163. 18 Mer

122

2142

2143

chống nóng

23 her /48

Straus wick for your

sich

information and guidance

the Copies of two letters from

The Board of Admiralty

enclosing a lopy of the

вору

Instuctions which have been

addrified by the Lords

Comme to Rear Admiral Sir Francis Collier respecting

the measures to be adopted

for

the suppression of Piracy.

and for the protection of

ls in the

Trading Vissels

China Seas; and in

compliance with their

Feruship's wishes I haven

Er request that

onbill

you

derich the Law Offices

of your Gooh to watch

own the interests of the

Public in regard to the

B: renty

Excised ander

The lich of be. Gesu. Ch. 49. for the Cepture and

destruction of Tivalet-

Ihne

Vide & Ear 19 Dec/18 N° 83.

استام

2206 Hong Kong

3. Adunath

PEC14

1348

B3 December 1848.

161

Having laid before myllords.

че

Jour

سی

Commissioners of the Adamisty letter of the '5" Instant, relative to the heavy amount of the

expentitive

on account of the Establishments at Hougton Jam commanded bythern

سسه

that.

dordships to acquaint you, for the information plast grey, the Rear Admnial, Commanding in Chilf, has been directed to

afford Governor Bonham every appistance that he away aguired, in the pro freedEngning. Mylords would be glad t find either that the

that the amount

of Stores, may be abridged, and Serman Merivaler of

with islonial Sfiil

её

کے؟

kept.

}

She

from the b

edged to

min

وو

then

the

Mohance Lan

to for Borben

four as

regards

然

году

然

I lancary,

admiralty

nich

not certain

6-7

}

ordham chish to

Lower, whether

to hereford

advisedly

Bitted from the List? If the home prand

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}

Curing an it Bun

witho

1/213€ L

14.11H

ידיזו

Kept on board the Hulk, or that

Storehouses may instead of bruth.

be wired

Shave the honor tobe

Lie

Jour most obedient Serd-

to wait for the muswers of the 79% There is no occas" to send the despatch to the House Goth which is not a depart + hawf any financial datil an is it necessary Ordnance

пияни

an is fore sending the despatch. let it so

by the next mail

private reminder may

however be given to the depart to send out

nerfond instructed to their officers by

The same opportunity

145 ASCEIVED

JAN 8

trong trong

Admiratty, 30th (DIPL

Anic To Janjug. to for: 89-12 Janjing

Siv

tam

Lachs

commandkit by my

fommissioners of

The Jamiralty

to vand

you

Levereths for

the information

Earl Grey fuses if or

rated the 2"%f

Letter from Rear Wound for Jet follier

Now last N°46 and of to enclosuse relative to the

seizure of the Schooner, Shee

the Schooner, Shee by Her Majestys Mous

Shilders

charge of Piracy, and a Report that

"nooBill had love found by

the Grand Jury

ат

Hong Sony against the charter and from of the Spec,

and dam to requests you will acquaint Lord Grey

that

Lords consider formander Perman

have acted with perfect propriety

Merware Evyt

Colorval (Department

throughout th•

Affair; while this conduct

The Grand Jurys

: Hong viong, in refusing to find

a Bill against

the Sher, leaves too much ground to believe

that Vivatical practices

with the commianu

who are

growing up there,

이

the English population,

resisting their

مرگ

probably interested

uspropio by Her Majestys Tips. It is difficult

LAY

imagine a prefer

than that dromed

соло

of outrage and pray

perrally

stress papers, you no

be upon

inflicted upver the exqpresors

where impunity will encourage similor attempts

Jam, Sv

Your

most obechent fervant

Monka

Каш

дову что учать

・m/50

hung to your with roy

врем

2361 H.K. with the

spession of an the that the Miscarriage of the

cory vryf my Loyorey scantion mayh

가격

upp

one of what type

compun ymyn wymagos

they exmyns egensche

with refie

to Palmerston

This letter to

Ion best to Journed

Portably it might dow of the main sittle pe pag the views taken by the Gorans will the expression of whethe

Etter

quonster In without the

人

オー

inputation

of bad restivo.

The Grand Jury

bu wam

but Whe

me that Lopes will h

nady to für his ahistame to any

masure which many

be taught advisable

by the 7.0. (with whith the frist steps

to rest

my my gory of hoop heppin

город

I want my to wro

of logon egen of vo

inseren

Ainically.

пу

Wm Jand.

нест

dont see what the 7.0. can do in

to the Admin altor pre information

found. Dit the seaper 2361 Work. & in fast prevented the Bill from being concitly reported, the Judge was mort in that it seemed to me, if the proceedings were Annexed. Lan said on 2561 Hong Kong

fault;

questin

ини

pinay of synnes) to mot my butt to the manner in wh the law is administered in Sony by_hansmit a copy of this to the God expressing my hope I the failure to obtain a convict in this case did not arise export if you my mass in the cause, oufhored by the Add the myth that it hereafter.

shme by womens was you to witness who absconded to the forthcohding another till.

wy pomy the prefered [ Nchive this to be lynt "]}] other bill of inchstments

погран hophagy 5471

Write a

thie

MnJeniale

The grapent

swered from the

four-respecting

this case have not

been

returned to the test.

unserer to this to the effect of the letter to the 7.0. Injusted by M Keriale.. I had also be glad to be informed by Hd Merivale whether the which a draft has been prepared respects Admiralty juris. hit will semove the necessity for huss prand janis in future cases

laincy tried at Home Hong Kong, & whether if this is not the effect

the bill as it stands such a dans so without inconsemine

be introduced?_

9.91

ני

---

"I fear little inced he gained he

suggesting

case In

question in the new

new indictment Sex - if it is as done already

The prisonen liuffore are

love co in the Chinese hear, &

cleased & somewhere иванд

BMs Childrer also without whose officen conviction could hardly be Mained. if the Chinese hitrifi were caught.

easy

It would I very

to make persision for

by its provisions, which an est I am glad

how life me -

this has ocamed try torbiche

notice.

it had excused my

A precedcop

Am fan 9.

1984

The syfest" of a peck indictment with herbalten

A little use

In the seasons statech by

no merivule but it

Stuted

may as well be mach

whichch however little exprelat" ofich being of

exhepf

whith to take that come

with novantage

but saying that if it to so happen

that the missing witness on be found

& that the Officers of the Child thed her within reach another indian May be infened _ if a time bit vht be found. it it at all event parent the culprits rentaurs to w I. Araghong

5.M

Entered

Kony.

145. H. Kong 749.

Cat.^ W. B. Hamilton. At Sa.,

مجھ

سلام

18 fa-149

I have laid y.

Letter of the 30

30 ultimes befor

Earl Grey, and I am directed by

to request you

his Lordstof

with breme

to the Lords fommi pioners Commissioners

of the Admiralty that he trees to that the

estice in

facture of justice of

at Hong the prosecution at. King of the Master and Crew of the Schooner Spec

on an

alleged act of

Piracy did not aise

Piracy from the cause

suggested

your letter, and that from information received

ponthe Governor of the Colony, his Lowship is more disposed to attribute it to ther arcunstances

not reflecting acey discredit in thie Goutteron

who served on the Grand

Jury

that occasion

although they suggest

serious deficivicces in

the Administration of

Justice.

Iam to request

will also inform

that you the Lords Comm. of the

Admiralty that Led

Grey

has instructed the

Governor

to cauche a

се

pest aidictment to be

preferred in the event of

the Chinese tertress who absconded beinforthcoming

on ac

another occasion,

the Officers of the Childers liigagion within each a

the effect of which, is a

the

trice Bill should be found, will procent ha Aufpicts from conturing within the range ofte Jurisdiction of the Carh. King

فجر

два

Copy

4043

Sin

Mxander at

Singafue

good hov 1848

With reference to the

Report made

072

ی کر

the

August last

Com&E Plesuridge,

Concridge, to the

Fords of the Admiralty

otr

the subper of the

4sc.

the Schoone.

"" flec" by WM S. Chil de es, Shausmit herewith for their Lordships information, à Letter from the Commodore,

dated the 18th Elle.

slating that the

Ward Ess

feand

Jary at Hong Kong

had found "to Bill against the master

کیا

and Crew of the Sfec

Salso enclose Com Pilmaus letter of the

میں

3rd Enly, which gives full particulars of tic

Cicurus tances under.

which the Newel was seized.

have be

Д.

F., vollien

چھو

Rear Reial

Rear Admi

Cambrian al

không hỏng

17th Oct. 184S.

have the honor to forward the losegofa

letter which C Saddassed to the Secictary of the Romirally, eespecting the seigene of the Scharnce Sicer on the 22nd

June, ouache

charge of Onacy; and docilieg, to this case, I now beg l'inform you

the line of the bical of

the master & brew of the above Nosel was fixed for the Bad Joust. The

من

Sir J. Collier

Commander

ײ דבר

Com? of the Cansubrian

and myself having, Seviously

acccived a

summons to attend as

Naval Comme issioners

کے کیتے ہے

the Bench at the

bial.

After, howcase the fudge

من

had made his comments

on what he was s pleased

کیلئے

to terme the peculiarlies of the case to the

frac

grand Jury, they,

for sonce

having reliced for

time, declared no bill"

to be found, to the aston ishment of all present. Thus the

malter ended,

←

the

Attorney Sen informing

me that the Vessel should be returned to her

owners, which Com? Pilinan desired

Zue

to do.

On the following day, softhe

Intl, Commander Pilman sailed hence

ہے

in the Childe is,

resume her station

at Shaughre.

ве

Dd. J. Plumielze

Commodore

میں

Don S. Childers

صر

Wienny 3rd Light

Woosung

I have the honor to report

oming

to you, that on the

of the 22nd Ut: about. 6 AM, when standing for the Rugged stands, Sotsemed an English

Schorner, which afterwards Jured to be the Spec

I Hong Kong, working upt for the Eastern anchorage, under those Stlands, in company with a Chinese Junk. The wind falling at

fl: :). N. Cambell

Kong Kong

чер

ی کی جر

ی چی

735 AM, we

ere

Alged to come babout

Lon

حمد

Imiles farm.

where the Spec

bank had anchored.

Istemed during the

forenoon the Schooner.

and

hunk close

alongside affarently lashed to each other, and the formen evidently discharging the lays out of the

Junk. Al 4.20 PM.

the Side having turned,

and a light

springing up are ished and stifled belle, lowthere the

Social

said Vessels lay,

auchored close to the Schooner. We found at this anchorage. theee Sueu of Wän

Chinese

Juntis. I

mediately despatched In Joshua Berkeley

beling

Inale

to boked

the sorid Schooner, &

to enquire what the

doing there,

was don

also as to the communication

she had had willd the

Junck durin

dening

the day.

On his reture he stated that the said

hunk

had been captured by

them the day fuevious,

and was a

fiirate.

Ithen sent for the

master to come

hoard

board with his paper & Log, & questioned him as to his right of being there, what authority he had for taking the funk, and if she had auslestial him in

to which he

anyway! replied, that his Pilot

had said she was a

Prate & that he had captured her the day, previous, but that she had in no way molested him. Stold him that Ishould detain him

and inspect the Schooner and Junk the mat

noring

In like

following noming

the

the 23rd

Elf Svisited

the Junk, and

inspecting her, she proved to be fishing, Sunch of Chinghae almost

every

Hoovcable anticle

had been taken out

f her except some tackle, and

fishing tackle

Sobrewed a number.

of Shot holes bille in ha Sails & Hulk.

On inspection Schooner Thee

the

Hong Kong Soun Hong holes & Log

her

licles

be totally inconect,

several men who were

board were so

вас

the delicles and

macy

weve

of there who

the Autieler

not forthcoming.

I found the Crew of the fishing Sunet confined in the forehold with

then hands secured.

Immediately

diately head them brought

deck

and perceived that

several were wounded,

when the master, mate and farmer stated that the wounds had

been caused

their

firing into them pour

the Spee, they also

stated that five

had been killed.

I took some of the

Junkenen with the muate of the "Spec" to the Chinese Admiral

to find out whilter they were pirates on not, he stated their

papers were quite conect, that they were innocent fishing people belonging Chinhae, he requested that would cause them to be liberated

and return there

ہے

the property that had been taken from

then

them

Finding

that the

Apec had made

a munderous and

unprovoked attack

this fishing Jemt,

also that the she

was very heavily armed, which you will perceive the inclosed Sewventory;

ccount

able to

rud not being gincasalisfactory,

ront of their Pucccedings, Teansed her like brought to

This Port.

on the 29th Elli

examination

took

look

Fish Place

Inaster and the

adla

dest of the Crew before B. Alcock Espec H. In Consal See? at Shanghae, and they

have been committed

to to be their trial at

Take

công hạng

The Spec will leave

މސ

the

for Kong hous 5.the Just. in charge. I Lient. G. J. Seaham

Before closing

Phis

teller, I wish to call

you

allation to the

tance

Several

Itver at su

سے

Vessels &

Lorchas carrying the

English Flag, whare Coustaully said to be in the habit of

summitting

Similar

outrages, such Reportt

having often reached one

through

various channels

but I have never had

sufficient proof of it before

to detain a

dec

Vessel. S

will now

lust you w

fil to point out to His Exc: the for? of Hong Kong these

circumstances that

may

be mabled

enabled

to take such step

to fuevent such acts

of atrocity being

illed

carrying Flag

Vessels

The English

which co

cirige

about the Coast

for mouthes togettion without getting

port clear

from

my of the Ports if

trade

The offices & Inen sent doure incharge f the Spec are

witnesses as to the

general facts ofthis

care

Davidson..

the

}

4 hinghs.

wiver of the Schooner Spec" resides al.

resides al hingko. Shane be

J.C. Pitman

Commander

Agent

61. Story Horz

5 Cannon How

5 January

1848

Mice

Bost

Trad

instant and

thave

have the honor to acknow

honor to acknowledge

the receipt of your

.....

sury

letter

the pet

to acquaint

for the information of

the present Requisition for Stationery

you Earl Evey that

you

in reply

Exquired for the service

of.

the Government

March

of Hong Kong for the year ending 31: tanh

1849 falls very considerably short of that

supplied in the year 1847 more

Especially

in the undercusationed Articles

Benjamin Hawer B

seamely

17 Jan/4.8

Articles

Required in supplied

the present Requisition

the Year

147

Ges: Baillie Gre

Bored Booke

666 Reams

Spanish Papers

Zuille Pruns

3,000

ajon

lovetopps

5800

8800

Pencies

12 doz

20 doz

wis the

The cost

-year

the Stationery supplied

1847 was

£ 138. 19. 11

There is however, in the present demand

increase in

the quantity of Foolscap

Paper to the sebent

of 49

Ream's

I have the honor to be

for Yourquort- obedient

Humble servant-

Bailli

вре

Forma dually LANY WEB Jours

MRlames

Earl Grey 14

Fored.

With reference to your letter

of the 5th Such - Jam cuited

by land Grey to convey to you

звездит

the

necesary authority

for Juseaving and

Korey forreording to Hong Kong

the supplies of Stationery

required for the service

of thick Gooh for the gen the 31. March 1849

ending

spuifier in the

Estimate inclored in

My letter of the 10 fuch,

to this requisition for Stationery clos

not efficer

to exved the suct

вишня Приним

may

le authorized

No Baurs;

the legeat

to Junde ih

جو

yes, but the agent has not answered the questions fuck the stationery regused for 1848-9. Walsh. Putaps to him in the letter of fan 1. 182. What the expence 16th hought to his notice fish?

This

ought-

7. &.

agrand

Estimate &

Quantity

the awful

Kinle

The estimate of watch only

gennech maz

Fearne Costed at.

Agent" runy

все

3254 Kong

FEB. 14 1848

Cannon Con

12th Febmary 1.3

бъ ту

Phave

the honor to acknowledge

2 distant

be receipt of your letter of the I and to acquaints you

information

in reply for the

Earl Grey

Even that the

тр

externated cast of the Instruments dim Required for the harveyer General's Department at Hong Kong to the many of

вить

£341151

accounts

I have the honor to be

erman Merivale by

Your most obedient

Humble Lewent

Gailli

لا لا

Ancil

Mice

Mr. Merivale

w thould now be referred to the

AB. 24

ら

355- Hong

23 J

C.R. Juvelyon the

MINUTE 15 M22 B2

1848 FERY

19.

VRVerivale MRITaes

य

Earl Gree Y

Se for Berk. h.117

Iam dicited by

Each

buy to transmit to you

the enclored Requisition

for Instruments & Drawing

use

Paper for the like of the

Sunya Gunal's teph

at Hong Kong and I

в до

ane to request that,

will state to the Lords

Commissioners of the Festy

that Lord Grey

is of.

of opinion that this

Requisition may property,

with

be complied the expense

es has

of which will, as

been excertained by the Agesh General, amount

to £ 34.15.6.

Commil

аш

Conc

Office

Council Office

Brand of Fake

4:4

Board of Trade

surv

Board

Trade

}

Copy to box. In 188 of t

Lopt/19/485

Sir

243

1969 Wong King

Office of Committer of Privy Council for Trade Whitchall 8+ Sept 1848.

In reply to your letter of 5 July transmitting with reference to former Correspondence Copy of a despatch from the Governor of Hong Hong on the subject of the provisions of the Imperial Act for the Registry of Beilish bessels, I am directed by the lords of the Committer of Privy Council for Trade to transmit to you for the information of tail Grey the inclosed Copy of a Repost of the Customs on the subject, and I am to add that My Lords concur in the opesion therein expressed by the Commissioners.

Merivale log

มหา

L LL

Jam

Sun

RECORD OF

your

our obedient Servant

Stafford W. Werthete

Mr. Merimle

Should a

copy of this correspondence be

Communicated

16/11:

шы

AB.

c.b

Coper

Nr 925

To the Corsts of the Committer of 1 Council for Lade.

Puig-

Mr Porter having by his letter dated 20th of July last signified with reference to our report to your Ladshifts of the 21 August 1846 N=443 despatch from the Good of Hong Kong drawing the attention of the. Gort to the manner in as hich the Imperial act for the Registering of Brilie lepers affects that Lalony; that bn (Mr Porter) had been directed by your tops to

our Consideration &

transmit to wo

for our

refort a further despatele from the Garrof Hong Kong upon

this subject.

Comm

I't Obedience to Your Linfo Conn- In

-mands

refort.

That weham considered the annexed des patele of the Good=

ofHongkong

x the opinion of the Attorney feal. of that Salony, & having conferred wither our sitienter practical Offries thereon, We bey to state that We seedro prounds to induce us

to depart

fro

from the Afinion expressed in our report to Your Loss of the 2 august 1846, & that

under these Circumstances win mercer the Colonial Treasurer, who in that Capacity receives the Revenne

on account of Goon

must be deemed to be the Receiver of Inties within the meaning of the

the Act 829 Vic. Cap. 89, & that

за

32 & after

att acts done

by him as a

repstering

tion with them

Afficer in compune tion

Gour af Hongkong must be deemed

I taken to be good & Valid in Law.

Customttouse GAugust 1848

(degued)

I. Fremantle Ilyushing ton

Gr. Dawson Its Richmond

Liria Board

E.1. Board,

1¦

Siv

2621

RECE

FEB. Z

甚

Jadia Board

5th Feby 1848.

With reference to the former

correspondence regarding the transportation

Convects from Hong Kong to places within the Territories of the East India Company, I am directed by the Commissioners for the affairs of India to transmit to you for the information

of Earl Gary the accompanying copy

Each of a

the subject under date

a letter on

the 4th December last Nr 34. which has

just been received from the President in Council. The enclosures, which

numerous and do not contain

additional information, are not sent

I am Sii.

Benjamin Hawes Egre

Your most obedient and humble servant

Thurs. Inds

are

Elliot.

Mr. Meile.

As the arrangements exgarding the transportation of

Consisto pom. Hong Kong

not persecu

се

to the Straits are complete

& this correspondence adds

anything to our stock of information, or

that so for

as Hong Kong is concerned there is any need

for writing perther to the then to the Gor

salyeet. ABB. 7/2/48.

I Maink this Willis, 10 her to

com

Hay.

fut Ay

King

zay

The concluding fears, know,

of the hate allendes to a

чить

Pficially confirmed,

Mat Comics an

Lidia Avand in Nominal,

On aiguing I find than a letter formath to much

the reapity

I wild

Han the fort of Chin

of informing the Indian sur Baylon in mistichet

anodingly, but

the Julia Bond, en

дал suggest them for that the present letter to act?, exference to the concluding part to the despotic

verlooked

and that with desported backsed in it

from the Ousident in Council, the Indin toni de

acquariant that

frewarded in

suing

letter of

showed that the

Fesident

the Communications

Funcil saw 20 5th of Mongo

offenden

Bestern & Computation

Komportation of

Malacan, the four of layh from Ceylon to the Settlement of

anthonged

pround acendingly,

per fear

the

7.7.E.

میرے

ال مهيد سود میرمند

28BH

not agr

my m

خن

the face of ludian,

with the view of its Mich

مدید کہا

Com

in 262. Bhony

RECENT

C. D

1846

Home Department FEB. 7

Legislative .

$34/1847.

To the Honorable the Court of Directors.

of the East India Company.

Honorable Sirs,

Lind. Dis. to Court N.2 of 1846

If 28th February.

from Couch No 5 of 1847 d

2nd June.

Ind Cons: 11 July 1846 Nobe 10.

Leg..

Lad

26 Jeft:

140 Nowr

6 Church 1847

7 August.

27 November -

182

123

19e20

sely

љев

With

reference to the correspondence

per margin, we have the honor to transmis herewith copies

of further corresponden

which has taken place relative to the

reception of Convicts who

may

transported from thee Majesty's Settlement of Hong Kong

ananged at first that Chinese Convicts from Song Kong.

should be sent to Sande, and that: others being Natives of India should be sent to Singapore. The Right Honble the Governor General however doubted The expediency of making sunde a Penal Province for Chinese Convicts and the arrangement as agurds that Province

accordingly recalled.

Subsequently

was acce

sur

£7

Subsequently

aur

Calleague Mr Cameron

that a Law was

pointed out that a

Law was necessary

in order to legalise the reception in the Straits Settlements of Convicts from Hong Hong. The draft of an Ach was accordingly

read on the 1

The 1 May

lash

the provisions of which having been approved by the

Settlements

في

Governor of those

well

After

by the Governor

General, the same was passed on the 7th August last as Act N. II of 1847.

communicating with the Commissioner in the Jenaperim Provinces, we have directed the reception of Chinese Convicts not exceeding 100 in number at Maulmein and we

have addressed. the govemment of Hong Hong requesting that ité proceedings with respect to the transportation of auch Criminals to those Provinces

should for the present be so

regulated.

It has also come to ans have yet received

notice though we have, no communication on the subject from your Honorable bouch, that the beylon Goverment looks to Malacca

do a

place for the reception of Convicts from that Solund and has actually despatched a party of beiminals to the Settlement. We have desired Colonel.

Butterworth

Butterworth to prepare the Resident

Councillor to receive them into custody.

We have the honor to be.

Honorable ders,

Gour most faithful,

Kamble Servants,

Ind William (( Signed) 2. H. Maddock

4th December

1847.

F Millett

Jo Carrie

в.

6. H. Cameron

Cou

Boar

Trad

h48430

{

Foreign Office

.l..... -

Foren

sury

Board of

Trade

E.J

Freign ofce

manch

and 14 in

474 Hong Hor

Foreign Offin, March 6.

1848.

Si,

ал

to request that

directed by Visconti Pulverston

you

will

mere

вал врем

thave the gordnes to inform him whether

he has

вя врач

any objection to the despatch

Johne from die Ihn Bairs to heal your

13. of the accompanying Papest, being

page

laid before the Honke of fommons.

dam, Si,

mostobedient, humble servant.

Allebddington

1. Hawes ber

Boar

Trad

M. Merivale

excanterions to Hong Kong. a13.9/3/48.

the despatch referred to seems

I think 107

ша

Manhy

1.U. Addington Gre

31.

474 Honey Hong

141 March /48

вре

Ver.

with reference to your

Save

helter of the 6 Juct-done

derited by Carl Grey

aquaint you for the

information of Viscount

Palmerston thich he is rich

of any spection

sware of any

the Despeth from the

Sin Sohn Doris to which his bootolife refers being

laid before the House of

Commons,

CHINA.

RETURNS OF THE TRADE

CANTON AND HONG KONG.

(In continuation of the Returns laid before Parliament in 1847.)

Presented to the House of Commons, in pursuance of their Address of

February 10, 1848.

LONDON:

PRINTED BY T. R. HARRISON.

Burs

Bo.

Tra

LIST OF PAPERS,

No.

1. Sir John Davis to Viscount Palmerston

Nine Inclosures

1. Return of the Trade of the United States during 1846

2. Return of the Trade of France

3. Return of the Trade of Holland

4. Return of the Trade of Belgium

5. Return of the Trade of Denmark

6. Return of the Trade of Sweden

7. Return of the Trade of Germany

8. Table of Import Trade from foreign countries at the Port of

Canton during 1846

9. Table of the Export Trade from Canton to foreign countries

during 1846

2. Sir John Davis to Viscount Palmerston

Two Inclosures

1. Sir John Davis to Earl Grey

2. Statement of the Export of Sugar from Hong Kong from

January 1 to July 31, 1847

3. Sir John Davis to Viscount Palmerston

Inclosure

Comparative Table of the Export of Tea from Canton to British

ports, during the years 1846 and 1847

April

25, 1847

August

June

Page

RETURN to an Address of the Honourable the House of Commons, dated February 10, 1847;

for

Copies or Extracts of any Documents relative to the State of our Commercial Relations with China, which may have been received from the Governor or from any of Her Majesty's Consuls in that country, since the 1st day of July, 1847."

My Lord,

10,

August 19,

No. 1.

Sir John Davis to Viscount Palmerston.--(Received June 29.)

Victoria, Hong Kong, April 25, 1847. IN addition to the returns* of trade already forwarded in my despatch of the 24th February last, I have now the honour to transmit to your Lordship nine more in original (according to the accompanying list), which are just arrived from Mr. Consul Macgregor at Canton. These relate to the Foreign trade, not British, at that port.

I have, &c.

(Signed)

J. F. DAVIS.

Inclosures in No. 1.

No. 1. A Return of the Trade of the United States of America.

No. 2. A Return of the Trade of France.

No. 3. A Return of the Trade of Holland. No. 4. A Return of the Trade of Belgium. No. 5. A Return of the Trade of Denmark. No. 6. A Return of the Trade of Sweden. No. 7. A Return of the Trade of Germany.

No. 8. A Synoptical Table of the Import Trade from Foreign

Countries at the Port of Canton, during 1846.

No. 9. A similar Table referring to the Export Trade at Canton

during 1846.

(Signed)

Victoria, Hong Kong, April 25, 1847.

A. R. JOHNSTON,

Presented to the House of Commons in 1847.

Bur

I. American Trade.-Imports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize imported into the Port of Canton in 44 American vessels, of 21,915 tons burthen, from the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :--

American Trade.-Exports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize exported from the Port of Canton, in 48 American vessels, of 22,723 tons burthen, to the Countries and Places under mentioned during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :-

No. in the

Denomination of Articles.

To what Countries and

Quantities.

Estimated Value

Places Exported.

Tariff.

in Spanish Dollars.

No.

in the Tariff.

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

From what Countries and Places Imported.

Estimated Value

in Spanish Dollars,

I. Raw Produce.

I. Manufactures of Wool.

Broad Woollens

Narrow ditto

Blankets

Changs

Pieces

92 246 1,500

550

327

4,672

-292 99 8

1 Alum

Piculs

Aniseed Stars

55 11

Boston

109

1.18

Canes of all sorts

Cassia lignea

Bundles Piculs

New York..

7,464

New York and Boston

75,136

Cassia buds Rhubarb

Boston

735

New York, Rio, and Boston

29,630

Silk, raw

152

Mazatlan, New York, and

Boston

57,624

Sugar, raw

II. Manufactures of Cotton.

Liverpool, Boston, New

4,984 Valparaiso, Callao, & Sand-

wich Islands

25,643

York ..

Long Cloth, Grey

Pieces

51,719

White

14.

Twilled .. Cottons, not enumerated Cotton, Yarn and Thread

2,505 191,171

Value $10,250 Piculs

2,012

Tea

120,767

New York, Boston, and

143,635

Valparaiso

7,488

Tobacco

New York, Rio, and Boston

4,756,265 178

576,526

10,250

II. Manufactured Articles.

62,763

Bangles, or Glass Armlets..

Boxes

Mazatlan

130

Bamboo Ware

Piculs

New York, Boston, and

Mazatlan

1,250

III. Miscellaneous Articles.

Bone and Horn Ware

Catties

New York..

Raw and Manufactured.

China Ware

Piculs

792

New York, Boston, and

Sandwich Islands

14,842

Clocks, Hardware, &c.

Value

Glass, and Earthenware.

$3,215 1,860

3.215

Copper, Tin, and Pewter Ware

1,860

Crackers and Fireworks

Metals, Iron in bolts, bars, &c. Piculs

742

Singapore, New York,

2,187

Steel..

380

Boston

1,562

Fans of all sorts

Lead..

3,207

15,845

Wine, Beer, and Spirits

Value $5,256

5,256

Furniture

3 2,091

Catties 21,707

Piculs

New York and Boston

162

New York, Boston, and

Mazatlan

10,125

New York, Boston, and

Sandwich Islands

23,134

110

Betel Nuts

Cochineal

Cotton

Piculs 19,958 Catties Piculs

Singapore and Batavia

75,522

New York, Boston, and

Sandwich Islands

2,560

5,418 12,370

New York and Boston

12,867

Glue

New York, Valparaiso, and

New York. Calcutta, Bom-

Callao

1,068

bay, and Rio

112,032

Grass Cloth..

Catties

5,221

New York, Boston, and

Ginseng, 1st quality

2nd

660 2,479

New York, Boston, Manila

Sandwich Islands

7,236

ditto

312,620

ditto

Ivory and M.-of-Pearl Ware

4,265

New York, Boston, Mazat-

9,258

Pepper

Singapore

Kitty sols

Boxes

lan, Valparaiso, Callao,

168

Rattans

15,239

Singapore and Batavia

54,256

Lacquer Ware

Piculs

253

and Sandwich Islands..

8,845

Rice and Paddy

27,341

Lombock, Singapore, Manila

53,844

Mats and Matting

8,591

Ditto

51,956

Skins and Furs; Land Otter,

Nankeens and Dyed Cottons.

New York..

1,624

לי

Beaver, and Racoon Skins.. Soap

No.

11,278

New York..

27,181

Oil of Cassia

1,267

Wood, Sapan..

Catties Piculs

11,000

Boston

2,040

Paper of all sorts

and Boston

250

982

Manila

1,762

Preserves

Boxes

4,946

24,736

Miscellaneous Imports, in-

Rattan Work

Piculs

666

New York, Valparaiso, Cal-

cluding articles not enume.

lao, and Rio Janeiro

13,570

rated in the Tarif..

Value $120,450 Manila, Boston, New York

120,450

Silk Thread and Riband

Catties

6,950

New York, Boston, Rio,

39,240

Mazatlan, Valparaiso, &

1,609,404

Piece goods

91,523

Cailao

906,522

IV. Treasure.

425,600

Soy

Piculs

New York and Sandwich

Islands

Total value of Imports

$2,034,004

Leather Trunks

Nests

250

New York, Mazatlan, Bos-[

5,167

ton, Ohio, Valparaiso,

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

Remarks. The preceding Returns of the Import Trade of the United States of America at the Port of Canton have been compiled from the Linguists' Reports to the Superintendent of Customs, and other authentic sources. These Returns do not include, however, the commodities transhipped at Macao, imported in lorchas and other small craft.

Vermilion

Boxes

320

and Callao

16,732

Miscellaneous Exports and

articles not enumerated in the Tariff

Value $122,600

122,600

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

Total value of Exports 6,207,378

FRANCIS MACGREGOR, Consul.

Remarks. The preceding Returns of the Export Trade of the United States of America at the Port of Canton have been compiled from the Linguists' Reports to the Superintendent of Customs, and other authentic sources. These Returns do not include, however, the commodities shipped to Macao in lorchas and other small craft.

B 2

2 V ZADAN BOZEN V

II. French Trade.-Imports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize imported into the Port of Canton in 2 French ships, of the burthen of 505 tons, from the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :-

III. Dutch Trade.-Imports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize imported into the Port of Canton in 6 Dutch vessels, of the burthen of 1930 tons, from the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :-

No.

in the

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

From what Countries and Places

Estimated value in

Tariff.

Imported.

Spanish Dollars.

No.

Rattans..

Spirituous Liquors

Broad Woollens

Piculs

Bottles

923 1,496

3,326

in the Tariff.

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

From what Countries and Places Imported.

Estimated value in Spanish Dollars.

Changs

1,134

Havre, Singapore,

and Lima

867

6,829

Blankets Woollen

Miscellaneous Imports and ar-

ticles not enumerated in the Tariff..

Pieces

120

420

Betelnuts

Piculs

800

3,120

Value 6,742

6,742

5 Birds' Nests, edible, 1st and 2nd

quality

Catties

586

21,682

Total value of Imports

18,184

3rd quality

857

6,723

8 Clocks, Watches, &c.

Value

$588

588

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

Cochineal

Catties

500

1,056

Cotton, Raw

Piculs

532

4,837

Gold and Silver Thread

Catties

358

factitious

150

French Trade.-Exports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize exported from the Port of Canton in 4 French vessels, of the burthen of 1286 tons, to the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :--

2,675

Metals-Spelter

Piculs

577

4,126

Batavia and Soura-

Rattans ..

5,007

baya

18,964

Hides, Ox and Cow

Pieces

652

763

Wine, Beer, and Spirits

Value

$127

127

No.

in the

Denomination of Articles,

Quantities.

Tariff.

To what Countries and Places Exported.

Estimated value in

46 Sandalwood

Piculs

523

5,840

Spanish Dollars.

47 Woollen Blankets

Pieces

1,062

3,128

Woollens, Broad

Changs 1,617

9,426

China Ware

16 Copper, Tin, and Pewter Ware..

Catties

Aniseed Stars

Piculs

165

1,627

Bangles

Boxes

Bamboo War e

Piculs

Canes

Mille

724

Cassia Lignea

Piculs

1,025

10,483

Buds

124

201

4,025

115

Fans of all sorts

827

960

Grass Cloth

29 Ivory Ware

Lacquer Ware

Piculs

Manila, Hâvre, and

Matts and Matting

Bordeaux

235

146

1,182

Paper

1,045

Rattan Work

105

Rhubarb

3,320

Silk Piece Goods

Sugar-Raw

Catties Piculs

726

3,715

513

2,602

Tea

Tobacco..

1,719 470

63,124

Miscellaneous Exports and ar-

4,832

Narrow

800

1,116

多想

Camlets

11,224

20,147

وو

Miscellaneous Imports and ar- ticles not enumerated in the Tariff..

Value

$5,675

5,675

Total value of Imports

$110,351

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

ticles not enumerated in the Tariff..

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

Value 2,082

2,082

Total value of Exports $ 100,561

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

}

Board

Dutch Trade.-Exports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize exported from the Port of Canton in 7 Dutch vessels, of the burthen of 2,302 tons, to the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending Decem- ber 31, 1846, viz. :-

IV. Belgian Trade.--Imports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize imported into the Port of Canton in 1 Belgian ship, of the burthen of 300 tons, from the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz.:-

Trade

No.

in the Tariff.

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

To what Countries and Places Imported.

Estimated value in Spanish Dollars.

ELF

No. in the

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

Tariff,

To what Countries and Places Exported.

Estimated value in

Spanish Dollars.

Cotton Longcloth, white

Pieces

260

768

Cassia Lignea

China Ware

Piculs

456

4,656

Iron, wrought

Piculs

605

1,916

508

15,720

Pepper

361

1,862

16 Copper, Tin, and Pewter Ware

702

Broad Woollens

Changs

857

4,726

Crackers and Fireworks

Longells

1,834

2,482

20 Fans of all sorts

Catties 1,096

1,118

Miscellaneous Imports and arti-

Furniture and Wood Ware

Piculs

862

Grass Cloth

Catties

769

2,716

cles not enumerated in the. Tariff

Value $1,586

1,586

Total value of Imports

13,340

Ivory and Mother-of-Pearl Ware

262

Amsterdam, Rot.

31 Lacquer Ware..

Piculs

terdam, and Ma-

351

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C, MACGREGOR, Consul.

nila

Mats and Matting

Paper

567

Preserves

Boxes

162

732

Silk Piece Goods

Catties

230

1,380

Tea

Piculs

16,133

642,302

59 Trunks, Leather

Nests

628

Miscellaneous Exports and ar- ticles not enumerated in the Tariff..

Belgian Trade.-Exports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize exported from the Port of Canton in 1 Belgian vessel, of the burthen of 300 tons, to the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :-

Value

$6,782

6,782

Total value of Exports

$679,006

No. in the Tariff.

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

From what Countries and Places Exported.

Estimated value in Spanish Dollars,

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

Cassia Lignea

China Ware

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

31, Lacquer Ware

Mats and Matting

Tea

Miscellaneous Exports and arti-

Piculs

120

1,286

232

627

Manila and Antwerp

564

•

152

5,638

cles not enumerated in the Tariff

Value

$967

967

Total value of Exports

9,314

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

Board of

Trade

V. Danish Trade.-Imports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize imported into the Port of Canton in 1 Danish vessel, of 305 tons burthen, from the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :-

VI. Swedish Trade.-Imports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize imported into the Port of Canton in 3 Swedish vessels, of the burthen of 945 tons, from the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :--

No.

ELB

in the Tariff.

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

From what Countries and Places Imported.

Estimated value in

in the Tariff,

Denomination of Articles.

Quantitica

From what Countries and Places Imported.

Estimated value int Spanish Dollars,

Spanish Dollars.

Betel Nuts

Piculs 3,573

13,932

223

Glassware

Catties

4,295

1,918

Flints

Gold and silver Thread..

103

3,120

1,913

637

factitious

140

2,627

Tin Plates

Boxes

276

Ginseng..

3,525

Ox and Cow Hides

Pieces

150

768

Rattans..

Liquors

Value

$755

Woollen Blankets

Pieces

600

Broad Woollens

Changs 2,775

Singapore and Ham- burgh.

755

3,793

Liverpool and the

Straits of Malacca

13,475

1,526

15,628

Paddy and Rice.

4,934

7,724

Camlets

Narrow Woollens

3,866 800

6,841

1,486

Miscellaneous Imports and ar- ticles not enumerated in the Tariff

Value

$6,742

6,742

Total value of Imports

41,687

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

Miscellaneous Imports and arti-

ticles not enumerated in the Tariff..

Value

$1,962

Total value of Imports

1,962

$41,255

Canton, December 31, 1846. (Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

Danish Trade. Exports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize exported from the Port of Canton in 1 Danish vessel, of the burthen of 305 tons, to the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz.:-

Swedish Trade.-Exports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize exported from the Port of Canton in 4 Swedish vessels, of the burthern of 1256 tons, to the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :----

No.

in the

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

Tariff.

To what Countries and Places Exported.

Estimated value in

Spanish Dollars.

No.

in the

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

Tariff.

To what Countries and Places Exported

Estimated value in Spanish Dollars.

Canes

Mille

12 Cassia

Piculs

10 590

116

5,022

Chinaware

وو

Cassia Lignea

Piculs

281

2,954

Furniture

Grass Cloth

Catties

2,400

3,527

Crackers and Fireworks

143

710

Ivory and Mother-of-Pearl Ware

215

810

Paper

Piculs

524

Silk Manufactures

Catties

Preserves

Boxes

120

Rhubarb

Piculs

Singapore and Ham- burgh.

584

1,264

Tea

Piculs

488

7,015

2,866

New York and Stock-

holm

256,562

Silk Manufactures

Catties

186

1,124

Silk and Cotton Mixed Stuffs

Miscellaneous Exports and arti-

50 Soy

Piculs

106

Tea

588

Miscellaneous Exports and ar- ticles not enumerated in the Tariff ..

cles not enumerated in the Tariff ..

Value

$2,260

2,260

Total value of Exports

$265,362

Value

$2,125

Total value of Exports

2,125

$15,934

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

VII. German Trade.-Imports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize imported into the Port of Canton in 3 Hamburgh, 3 Bremen, and 1 Prussian vessels, of the aggregate burthen of 1380 tons, from the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :-

:11

VIII-A SYNOPTICAL TABLE of the Import Trade from Foreign Countries at the Port of Canton, during the year ending December 31, 1846; specifying the Description and Quantities of Commodities, as well as their estimated Value, and distinguishing the Flags of the Ships in which they were imported; viz.:-

Board

Trad

No.

in the Tariff.

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities.

From what Countries and Places Imported.

Estimated value

in Spanish Dollars.

228 FO

ELF

Betel Nuts

Piculs

150

573

Cloves

937

Cotton

1,019

Longcloth, grey

Pieces

6.810

9,162 19,165

Earthenware

Value

$468

468

Glass and Glass Ware

2,584

4 Bicho de Mar

Birds' Nests, Edible

Iron, wrought

Piculs

2,123

8,496

Tin plates

Boxes

298

Cochineal

Rattans.

Pieuls

3,807

Hamburgh, Singapore,,

13,427

Cotton

Ox and Cow Hides

Pieces

400

and Batavia

2,126

Wine, Beer, and Spirits

Value

8784

784

Sandal Wood

Piculs

735

8,839

Broad Woollens

Changs

2,108

11,831

Narrow do.

2,475

3,324

Camlets

2,575

4,556

Miscellaneous Imports and ar-

ticles not enumerated in the Tariff

Value

$6,524

6,524

Total value of Imports

$93,094

No. in the Tariff.

Quantities, and under what Flag imported.

Description of Commo- dities,

British.

American,

French.

Dutch.

[ Belgian.

Danish.

Swedish,

German,

Portuguese

Lorchas.

Aggregate Quantities Im- ported.

Estimated Value

in Spanish

Dollars

at 43. 4d.

Sterling-

3 Areca or Betel Nuts

Piculs 13,911

19,958

800

3,573

150

1,846 Piculs 40,258

142,655

Catties

165 89

352

517

16,538

1,443

4,286 Catties

5,818

137,782

Clocks, Watches, &c.

13 Cotton Cloth, plain

Value $ 20,786

3,215

588

Value & 24,589

24,589

Cattics

5,418

500

Catties 5,918

13,923

Piculs 545,438

12,370

532

Pieces 688,782

54,224

260

1,019 6,810

4,862 Piculs 564,221

5,095,407

4,110 Pieces 754,186

2,010,162

twilled

}]

2,584

191,171

6,740

وو

200,495

605,498

Cambrics & Muslins

Chintzes and Prints Handkerchiefs

Doz.

550 14,219 8,672

---

550

1,580

208

14,427

43,400

Doz.

8,672

17,549

Stuffs not enumerated Value $ 65,940

14 Cotton Yarn and Thread

Earthenware

17 Elephants' and Seahorse

Teeth

Piculs 23,941

10,250 2,020

6,256 Value $ 82,446

82,446

2,274 Ficuls 28,227

923,859

Value $

1,256

468

Value 1,724

1,724

---

Catties 14,547

13,447

Fishmaws

Piculs

1,365

456. Piculs

1,821

78,945

22 Ginseng

24 Gum Olibanum

Canton, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

ceros

19 Flints

20 Glass and Glassware

Bdellium, &c.

25 Horns, Buffalo and Rhino-

Mother-of-Pearl Shells

30 Metals, Iron Wrought

6,690

1,913

8,603

3,062

Value $ 5,965

Picuis

1,860

1,918

+++

2,584

1,084 Value

13,411

3,139

620 | Piculs

3,794

378,485

2,529

14,212

Value $ 20,745

590 Value $ 21,335

21,335

Piculs

123

22 Piculs

145

3,989

156

+--

ナラ

1,280

10,898

742

605

2,123

14,448

52,235

Steel

299

380

679

---

2,944

Lead, Pig Spelter

730 3,207

632

כו

4,569

22,577

577

4,126

Tin-plates

Boxes

2,248

Boxes 2,341

13,786

German Trade.-Exports.

A RETURN of the quantities and value of Merchandize exported from the Port of Canton in 2 Hamburgh, 1 Bremen, and 1 Prussian vessels, of the aggre- gate burthen of 1179 tons, to the Countries and Places under mentioned, during the year ending December 31, 1846, viz. :-

35 Rice and Paddy

39 Skins, Hides, and Furs

45 Wine, Beer, and Spirits

46 Wood, Sandal.

32 Pepper

Putchuck

Picula

959

361

978 Picula 2,318

11,610

7,415

Rattans

7,352

923 15,239

5,007

}}

28,015

27,341

3,793 3,807 4,934

1,236 | 4,602

8,651

76,559

40,723

145,203

60,200

110,796

Sharksfins

+++

6,893

147

7,040

130,246

No.

12,998

11,278

652

150

400

Smalts

41 Soap..

Picula.

115

---

Carties

Value 8,300

Picule 15,637

Sapan and other

Value $ 2,937

11,000

5,256 867

1,762

2,041 No. 27,519

Piculs 15,130 Catties 26,181

64,915

115

5,171

4,152

127

755

784

1,048 | Value

17,137

523

735

554 Piculs 17,449

179,290

1,762 Value $ 5,735

6,461

No.

Woollens, Broad

Changs 113,936

in the

Denomination of Articles.

Quantities,

Tariff.

To what Countries and Places Exported.

Estimated value in

Narrow

485,227

92 1,134 246

1,617

857 2,775 12,024 1,834 4,666

2,108

2,226 Changs 124,745

746,811

5,050

6,346

Blankets

Pieces

1,500 5,247

120 1,062

500

200 Pieces

515,393 8,679

727,026

26,406

Spanish Dollars.

Not described

Value $ *,586

Value $ 7,586

7,586

Miscellaneous

H+

Aniseed Stars

Piculs

150

1,424

Totals

Bamboo Ware

២

1,335

Cassia Lignea

399

4,042

Furniture and Wood Ware

760

Grass Cloth

Catties

210

Mats and Matting

Piculs

104

Paper of all kinds

1,224

Preserves

Boxes

522

Rattan Work

Hamburgh, Singapore,

2,586

Piculs

and Bremen

160

Rhubarb

Silk Piece Goods

3,280

Catties

2,086

12,516

Soy

209,712 120,450 6,742 8,708 1,586 12,489 1,962 7,461 20,788

$ 9,997,583 | 1,609,404|18,184 110,351 13,340 41,687 41,255 93,094 465,315

REMARKS. The preceding Tables have been compiled from the Consular Returns of the British and Foreign Import Trade at Canton for the year 1846. They do not include, however, the goods sold outside the district of custom-house.

The weights and measures stated are those in use at Cantou. i catty is equal to 13 lb. avoirdupoise; hence 1 picul of 100 catties corresponds with 1334 pounds in England. 1 chang is 4 English yards nearly.

The value given has been computed upon a moderate estimate, according to the average prices of the year in the Canton market, including the duty and other charges.

Canton, April 1, 1847.

389,898 389,898

$12,390,213

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul

Piculs

152

Tea

5,886

Miscellaneous Exports and ar-

225,442

ticles not enumerated in the Tariff

Value

$8,050

8,050

Total value of Exports $261,291

Cantor, December 31, 1846.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

C 2

No. 2.

Board

Trade

IX. A SYNOPTICAL TABLE of the Export Trade to Foreign Countries at the Port of Canton, during the year ending the December 31, 1846, specifying the Description and Quantities of Commodities, as well as their estimated Value, and distinguishing the Flags under which they were exported; viz.:-

No, in the Tariff.

Description of Com-

modities.

5 Bamboo Ware

Brass-leaf

10 Canes of all sorts

12 Cassia Lignea

British.

Quantities, and under what Flags exported.

American.

French.

165

Dutch.

Belgian.

Danish.

Swedish.

German.

LJLI

In Lorchas.

Aggregate

Quantities

Estimated

value in Spanish Dollars

Exported.

at 48. 4d, Sterling.

Sir John Davis to Viscount Palmerston.-(Received October 21.)

(Extract.)

Victoria, Hong Kong, August 10, 1847.

I HAVE the honour to inclose for your Lordship's information, the copy of a despatch which I addressed to Earl Grey on the 7th June, respecting the growing trade in sugar which has sprung up since the commencement of the present year.

•

I beg to transmit a tabular statement of the export of sugar from the 1st of January to the 31st July, from which it will appear that 2,745 tons of that commodity, value 35,3021., have been shipped from Hong Kong.

The amount above stated is purchased by English firms, and exported by them in British ships.

Alum

Piculs

2,334

610 Picula

2,999

5,783

Aniseed Stars

150

446

4,405

A Oil

120

16,542

4 Bangles.

Boxes

34 Boxes

106

6,732

Piculs

5 Ficula

196

3,930

Boxes

223

10 Boxes

233

7.223

Mille

135

Mille

216

2,510

Piculs 12,461

7,464

1,025

456

120

525

281

399

2,052 Piculs 24,783

250,161

Buds Oil

259

268

4,773

110

116

27,967

China-root

165

465

China Ware

2,541

792

201

508 10

244

4,297

90,712

16 Copper, Tin, and Pewter

Ware

312

356

14,465

Crackers and Fireworks

692

2,091

143

118

3,059

16,110

Fans of all sorts

Catts.

5,326

21,707

827

1,096

180 Catts.

29,136

31,044

Furniture and Wood Ware

Piculs

397

110

56 Piculs

622

13,496

Glass Beads and Glass

Ware...

Boxes

1,913

26 Boxes

1,939

Grass Cloth

Catts.

2,873

5,221

769

2,400

71 18,867 Catties 30,226

28 Hartall or Orpiment

Piculs

482

5 Piculs

487

38,795 29,757 5,872

29 Ivory and Mother of

Pearl Wares

Catts.

937 4,265

265

2 Catties

5,560

15,206

30 Kittysols

Boxes

1,246

25 Boxes

1,286

14,751

Lacquer Ware

Piculs

Mats and Matting

279 3,652

253

8,591

146

6 25

102 Picula

685

25,791

1,458

13,947

91,182

Naukeens

and Dyed

Cottons

41 Paper of all kinds

214

2,452

240 2,754

12,580 37,243

Quicksilver

306

Preserves

Boxes

6,824

4,946

162

120

522

230 Boxes

306 12,804

37,244

57,714

Rattan work

Piculs

240

666

24❘ Piculs

Rhubarb

350

735

951 1,779

20,821

73.708

Silk, raw

2,570

152

coarse and refuse

4,084

•

2,750 4,084

1,024,990

387,560

Thread and Riband: Catts.

7,922

Piece-goods

54,727

6,950 91,523

726 230

186

488

50 Soy

Piculs

408

FIL

PILI

2,086 15

52 Sugar, raw

277,814

54 Tea

Candy

38,584

306,980

59 Trunks, Leather

Nests

Vermilion Miscellaneous articles

---

356 Boxes

792 Value 282,276

4,984

126,767 250 320

513

1,719 16,133 152

7,015

5,886 3,698

5,268 Catties 20,140 3,880

133,846 Piculs 441

4,436 283,311 1,444,482 38,584 306,742 468,365 | 17,199,374

110,584

1,243,056

Nests Boxes

630

13,625

123,904 6,914 6,782 967 2,187 2,260 8,050 15,768 Value 449,108

1,112

57,554 449,108

Totals

$15,378,560 6,207,378 100,561 679,000 9,314 15,934 265,352 261,291 281,097

23,198,493

CMARKS. The preceding Tables have been compiled from the Consular Returns of Trade at Canton for the year 1846.

The weights and measures stated are those in use at Canton. I catty is equal to 14 pound avoirdupoise; henca 1 picul of 100 catties corresponds with 133 pounds in England. 1 chang is 4 English yards nearly.

The value given has been computed upon a moderate estimate, according to the average prices of the year in the Canton market, including the duty and other charges.

Canton, April 1, 1847.

(Sigued)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul.

My Lord,

Inclosure 1 in No. 2.

Sir John Davis to Earl Grey.

Victoria, Hong Kong, June 7, 1847. I HAVE the satisfaction to report, for your Lordship's information, that a promising trade in sugar has lately sprung up at this free port, and affords every prospect of rapid increase. The inclosed abstract contains an account of shipments made since January. The sugar exported is not the produce of this island (where, however, there are some mills), but brought hither in Chinese junks.

The entire absence of all port-charges and of every tax upon com- merce, the non-existence of any custom-house, and the shelter of the magnificent harbour of this colony, must all tend to create at no distant period, a flourishing commerce at this port. Indeed, the tonnage returns in the last blue book appear to prove that no inconsiderable amount exists already.

The harbour-master informs me that a cargo of 400 or 500 tons of sugar is now ready for shipment to England as soon as a vessel can be procured.

I have, &c.

J. F. DAVIS.

F...

(Signed)

Inclosure 2 in No. 2.

Export-Sugar.

ABSTRACT of Sugar exported from Hong Kong from 1st January to 31st July, 1847, in 10 vessels, of the burthen of 4,095 tons.

No. of Bags.

No. of Tons.

Value.

Destination.

188,33

962

s. d. 12,046 0 0

Sydney-New South Wales.

2,500

156

1,499 0 0

3,900

192

3,650 0 0

Hobart Town-Van Diemen's Land.

Bombay.

18,075

1,157

15,838 0 0

London.

4,178

278

2,269 0 0

Bombay.

47,486

2,745

35,302 0 0

Memorandum.-The above Abstract does not include 999 boxes (or tubs) of Sugar Candy, the value of which is unknown.

Victoria, Hong Kong, August 3, 1847.

(Signed)

WILLIAM PEDDER, Harbour-Master.

A STATEMENT of the Exportation of Tea from Canton in British vessels to British Ports during the period from the 1st January to the 12th August, 1847, as compared with the same period of the preceding year, viz.:-

Board

Trade

E.L

No. 3.

Sir John Davis to Viscount Palmerston.-(Received October 21.)

My Lord,

Victoria, Hong Kong, August 19, 1847.

I HAVE the honour to transmit an official return from Consul Macgregor, of the comparative export of teas from Canton during cor- responding periods of this and the last year, as the best answer to the assertion of the "Chamber of Commerce," that the expedition of April last had done "incalculable injury to trade."

To adopt the Consul's words in sending the above return, "On the whole, in so far as the amount of returns in tea shipped from Canton for the British markets can be assumed as a criterion of the probable extent to which British manufactures must have been disposed of, it is gratifying to find that under a combination of unfavourable circumstances the exportation of tea from the 1st April, as per inclosed comparative state- ment made up to 12th August, has exceeded that of the same period last year by a million of pounds, and that from the commencement of the year the excess amounts to six millions and a half."

I have, &c.

(Signed) J. F. DAVIS.

Feb. Lady Amherst Victor Roseanna

050

{

1846.

1847.

Month.

Ship's Name.

Tonnage. Quantities of Month.

Tea exported.

Ship's Name.

Tonnage. Quantities of

Tea exported.

Jan.

Queen of England

538

723,202

Jan. Duke of Cornwall..

580

791,350

Woodbridge

516

85,642

Simon Taylor

431

239,800

Aden

340

439,646

Montrose

387

502,700

John Laird

270

357,552

Sir Robert Sale

741

742,450

446

533,400

Kestrell

325

357,522

338 457,900

Lancaster..

756

853,870

396

537,520

Appoline

512

605,600

W. Jardine

671

828,403

■

Viscount Sandon..

540

675,039

Mar. Greyhound

348

236,800

Feb. Hindostan

500

818,350

John Christian

390

462,941

Indian

591

706,400

Lord Althorp

233

309,712

Geo. Fyffe

444

610,600

Dorothy ..

311

361,381

A den

340

423,795

Fanny Connell

175

183,453

Ellerslee

230

270,550

Stag

678

633,000

Mar. John Cooper

660

659,300

W. Jardine

671

819,630

Othello

386

498,500

Cakier

226

268,250

Victory

385

501,364

To 31st March.. 4,972

5,517,552

To 31st March..| 9,383

10,978,070

April Chatham..

354

478,876 April Lady Amherst

446

533,494

Humayoon Regina

530

603,469

Inglewood..

518

584,115

800

684,647

Victor

338

491,400

Bangalore..

352

361,100

Tamar

556

618,700

Euphrates..

618

823,283

Maya

315

389,879

Isabella

356

409,400

Chasely

515

510,657

Lady Howden

318

427,700

Lascar

441

560,600

Prince Royal

543

Gilmore

500

624,800 621,300

May John Laird

270

371,900

Arun

309

355,400

May Buckinghamshire.. 1,731❘ 1,909,172

Patriot King

338

453,986

Wanderer

433

459,473

Humayoon

530

564,230

Earl Powis

300

340,859

Salopian

289

347,304

Prince of Waterloo

487

585,800

Isabella

355

478,000

Hebrides

646

707,419 Juue Queen

442

558,400

Monarch

551

679,019

W. Stewart

576

726,800

Sarah

381

491,900

Grindley

386

467,610

Symmetry..

293

352,888 July Symmetry.

293

432,500

June Queen

442

524,210

Romeo

596

806,200

Constantinople

317

386,708

Chatham

354

556,400

July Lanchester

333

377,300

Derwent

220

291,400

Aug. Alfred

294

292,574

Selina

316

404,800

Mary Sparks

544

725,400

Amy Robsart

347

447,400

Bangalore..

383

464,500

Chieftain ..

293

374 600

Glen Huntly

505

659,500

Wanderer..

433

449,900

Lanercost.

318

377,500

Aug. Swithamley Siam

727

901,600

455

569,500

From 1st April to

11,506 13,332,797

12th August

From 1st April to 11,411

12th August

14,283,775

Exportation of tea, from the 1st January to the 31st March, 1846, in 13 vessels

of 4,972 tons

From 1st April to 12th August, in 23 vessels of 11,506 tons..

Total from 1st January to date

Exportation of tea, from the 1st January to the 31st March, 1847, in 19 vessels

of 9.383 tons

From 1st April to 12th August, in 28 vessels of 11,481 tous

5,517,552 lbs. 13,332,797

18,850,349 lbs.

10,978,070 lbs.

14,283,775

Total from 1st January to date

25,261,845 lbs.

Canton, August 12, 1847.

(Signed)

FRANCIS C. MACGREGOR, Consul,

Cou

Boar

Trad

LONDON:

PRINTED BY T. R. HARRISON.

their Address of February 10, 1848.

Presented to the House of Commons pursuant to

and Hong Kong. RETURNS of the Trade at the Ports of Canton

CHINA.

745 H. Kong

APR 17

1848

Soi,

Яаж

Foreign Office

April 15.140

Прив

am directed by Riscount Palmerston to state to you, for the information of Earl grey,

that Lord Palmerston has transmitted to

Mr Bonham a Copy of the Letter from

Mr. W. Howes, communicated in

Letter

the 31th Altims, and has at the

same time mistracted Mr Bonham to

fake such measures in the matter therein

referred to

كنا

after

communication

with the Senior haval Officer at kayking -

may seem to him to be proper. I am, Liv,

Your most obedient

Eumble servant,

Alle Addington.

དེ

B. Howes Erg

کے

...:

Boar

Trad

Mt. Merivale

I suppore M. Nowes should be apprized off the meus a

by Lord Palmerton for procuring

Glative

@B3.17/4/45

n y

cation plus.

втаре 17

927 Whong

Foreign Office

hay

6. 1848.

M 23

fir

with reference to the Starley's

Letter of the 20th of hovember last,

cope of a Paper from

incloning a copy of

Mr. Karker containing

LOME

enggestions

as to the loking to be lursued

in m re

ad to

regard

China; I

our

Relations with

am directed by Viscount Palmerston to transmit to you,

to be laid before Earl Grey,

Copy of a Despatch from tin John

herwall Eagle

Davis,

de.

hu.

Cou

Boar

Trad

Mr. Marivale

Davis containing

the

some observations.

ons submitted

inggeations

H. Harter.

I am,

Jour

most obedient

humble servant

Sin S. Davis uvuld I suppore leave

copy their despertet behind him; but if out, it might be descialle. to aquaint Mr. Benbarn with the views

This

Prexcupon on the particulin pants hacks my

Bm May I

8/5.

і торчаться то

Allehddington.

couse it is left

at Hong Kong

on record

Kutby-

b.b

Copy

No 23.

Msford,

in 957 Hong Kong 62 testonia hongkong...

Feb. 8. 1845.

Seaport, N. 143. of Rovember

2.3. from your hordship requires

to furnish such observations as occur to me on the statements

made

No. Hacker repreting

hobig tobe pursued

Canton.

the

Ree

ги

regard

Mr Karker's two principal

propositions seeme to be these. First a mere Blockade of Canton (in

case

of sccepity ) matead of more active

measures

and

of houbility. a differential suty on

lly a

secondly

the Dea's shipped at Canton in lacount Falmeraton. & M.

favour

€3

Cou

Boar

Trad

favour of the other parts and of hongtong, that is a lower and more

favourable rate at these last, in

confanion with the first.

Jitte

object is

is to

to remove

the Grade

from Canton to the other posts and

bong Kong, such

may

The hard for

both these proponitions. Refforing

Blockade to be attended with

the effects contemplated (whatever those

maybe) it is preferable for

reasons to active hostilities. I chall panel Force would be

quite sufficient for securing the

the River, and no

entrance of the

Troops would be required. _ He chedding of blood would be avoided, and this I hold to be

important point on considerations

of poling alone, apart from there of humanity. difficulty in slaughtering any

There would be no

of the Canton people, but

sumber of the

ccording to their ou

own account

commenced

according then feeling of Contility with the iolence liffered by their

women from the befor Troops in 1041 and I apprehend that Lilling

some hundreds or Thousands

would hardly tend to reconcile the lurvivors tous, though it

them for would frighten them

time.

I have studionely avoided whing into collision with the people

ourselves,

Boa

Tra

and ahe

ournelves, and

always

held this

Government responsible, as the

hore

timate course.

legitimate

"nly objection to a Mochade

is this, that although it would

effecturally prevent heropean Clift and large fucks entoring

River, there are so

many

the

harrow

Drade

channels all over the bast Dette Below Canton, that a in small bative Crapi must continue, and the Harker's hopes ostarving the lity would

hardly be accomplished. In my Desfated M 219 of Dember 28th I proponed te_219.

in addition to a Blockade, the retention ofDanes Island (an

abourable

admirable position at Whampoae)

in security for the fulfilment of Ereaty rights. Short of this might demand the poppion of sufficient space on that Irland for the residences and warehouses

Merchants, and propone фонг

entire capture of

the

it as the alternative,

The popepsion of Dave's bland, however,

seceparily includes the demolition

of the

River

defences

up to Whampoa

our sear

If the object it only quietty

bremove the Grade

from Canton to the other Ports and to hongkong,

I cannot imagine any

Letice

mode than the second proposition

€5

of her Harber, that

Boa

Trac

duty

the

of bevering deas shipped at all the

other ports, and leaving

it is at Canton.

his would at least be

would not complain ofite remaining

it as

infinitely

preferable to the idea mentioned

in conclusion

t. Harker, that

of adding. 10. fere lent to the present Tear from Canton. It is

duty

pretty unversally acknowledged

that the Era

much too

duty is already. high. Raining it on

Canton dear night, Lesider furnish the therise Government with a grievance, while lovering it at all the other Ports would

be a foxiting hook, and they

could

before at Canton.

предлежання

Supposing that her Majesty's

Government contemplate à considerable reduction in the Tea

duty, the differential rate suggested with reference to Cantor

may

be worth consideration.

I have,

и,

(riped) J. J. Davis.

டப்

Board

Trade

E.I

Copy

trong trong.

Fron diz J.

Davis.

Zeb.5.1848.

No 23.

batter reap. Canton.

Remarks on the Markers

9.46

1020 khuy hủy

SEP 19

1840

Sir,

Forlign Affin

Septemben 18th 1048.

with reference to your hitter

of the Is it of March, Lam dinlited

Viscount Palmerston to transmit

togon, for the information of larb

copy of a

ssey,

despatch from

The Bonham, reporting

the Release

M. Veitor Howes who had been

detained by the Authorities on the

Coast of Cochin China

I am, sir, всё,

You must obedient Kamble Slovant

Addingtons

Copy to

to Mr Howes & Oct/A

Klemen Mesinale lag

}

Boat

Trad

}

питом тр

Inform M. Willem Howes

AB 1919

Dm Sept 19.

ну

مرتز

し

ว

Com

$18.46

Victoria Hong Kong

June 17. 1848.

€7

My Lord; I have the honour to lictualiz

the receipt of for Lowdships Despatch be.24 of the 15th of Apul last, with its inclommes relative to the Shipwreck of Mr. Victor Howes on the Cost of Cochin Chine, and his subsequent imprisonment

The Captierty of Mr. Howes having been brought to my knowledge by the for= & Prince of Wales Island, Pengapore and Malacca, I on the 28th March requested Captain Campbell the bemor haval Officin here, to allow to M. Ships Rigabit to touch on her long, to Pingapore at Faron

Viscount Palmerston 9.CB

Вид

Boal

Trad

Bay, for the purpose of effecting Mr Howes

release, and I furnished the Commender

the refsel with a letter to the Authorities at the, I also with a Chinese linguist to afest in effecting his resence, the

tanclosed copy of a letter from the fovear

the Straits Settlements will serve to inform your Lordships that far. Victor

Howes was given up by the lochin Chinese Authorities & was on the 6th bilte at Singapore

I have not beeved any further

particulars relative to the teams adopted to effect the release of her. Howes begend what is contained in Colonel Butterontly letter.

ง

I think it right Your Londolip should be informed that My Predecefor brought this matter to the notice of the Lencion Naval Officer in there waters as for back As the std of March, but it appear that Officer was at the time indisposed to tate any active steps in the matter as will be seen by the inlovere.

I haveer

digned

SS. Borka.

Cou

Boar of

Trad

Copy.

H... Malampus", Hong Kong

March 5. 1848.

" Thares the honour to acknowledge the receipt of

your letter of this date with it inclosure, the "China Mail Bresterday

The information expecting the los of the "Little by tharine contained in the lettere published theren, is of much too bague a Character bowarrant my despatchesgone only disposable Seamer, in parsunt, object to all defined & replete with Embarrassment.

Dan

Furst - The Plow itself to ho determin

not ཡམེ

or dumingly known, where the Catastrophe

occurrect

Secondly. The Coast in the Gulf & Conguin

is bory imperfectly known, & at this deason the. John F. Davis Bar

durf

June 17. 1948 Victoria Hong Kong Mr Bonham

9:46

2. Mclosures

Howes has been effectent.

Release of Mr Vector

Board

Trade

E.I

surf is to high as to lender any communica. tion with the shone ow that part where it appears the bekel in question was lost extremely

difficult. gooly Do

So long a period, big 4 months, has

Elapsed since the event took place that

there

're can be little or

or no hope of the.

Unfortunate Mr Hower, being still in the

cality

вод

Same locality, were los even fits enact position.

Theres ve

apuriel

(Rogued) Sno Camper Capitaine.

دسته

Copy.

From the Governor of Painis of Wales Seland, Singapore and Malacca,

San

T. S. G. Bonham Exp Le La

Le La Xe

Singapore May 6. 18.

Shave the honour to acknowledge the leceipt of your despatch under date the 7th alt: intimating the steps you had taken for the release of M. bietor Howe from imprisonment at Jarrow Bay in Cochinthina.

The Royalist arrived here on the 14t Snot horfourmander having successtub with much judgement & great determination in effecting the release of Mr Howas whe is now.

hare, & apparently borggrateful for the pu Measure adopted by H. 2. in his behalf, and

Boat

Trad

I beg blender my acknowledgements for the "leady attention paid tomy communication on this subject .

Jam

I am grace bounderstand that the Senior

ри

Raval Officer in the Straits will order a passage Bo Honghong the provided on the Oriental Comfy s Steamer for the Cachin Chinse onterpreter furnished to the "Royalist, or I wont there

made the creepery arrangment to this

End.

kegund

هه سعاه

Shave Le W. J. Butterwort

Governor.

40-38-36

спода вена

fin

1848 WKong

Forugh Offer September 19. 1848.

I am directed by Viscount Palmenten

to transmit to you, to be laid before Card

fees, copies of Despatches from Mr. Bochan respecting Piracy along the boast of Chine from Hong Kong to Shanghae.

Lond Ralinerston wishes to call the

attention of Lord free to the extent to which it appears from Dr. Borhans Despatet, that Piracy is carried on, to the impediments thereby opposed to the Courting trave, which is the great Incans

of transporting Commodities from Province Merciale Eye

Cou

Boar

Trad

to Province, and to the injury which thence must arise to Butish Commence

with China. Lord frey will obseve that tie Wnsequeme of the thability of the Chinese Sovernment to put down this Prays by their own haval Force, it has been a prevalent practive amongst the Chinese Traders and Coasters to apecable in lege

Fleets and to hire small European befels,

Vesels Gilled

or native Sorchas, with luropean

Macao. Portuguese Commanders, to give those Fleets Convoy and protection from Bort to Port. Land grey will als obene that from the defective nature

this

this system great abuses have arisen, And that acts of violence and of wrong are committed by the Portuguese and other who command these Convoying befels; that Theme detriment to Butish Interest рож

arises, because we are the Curopean Nation

Most engaged in communication And intercourse with China, and our character suffers most from Curopean Misconduct, as the Chinese are apt to ascribe to the English all that is done ill by Foreigners, and moreover there Portuguese themselves out as English

Wrong-doers give

In order to obtain impunity by

the

fear

Bo:

Tra

fear which the Chinese have of Buticl

Power.

Lond Palauston Considers that

It would be in all ways advantageous

to Butish Interests, if British means would be employed to put there Pirates down, or at least to afford to the Chinese protection against their attacks. Our Commen would thereby be increased, And the respect and exteen in which

be ar

hell by the Chien would become greater; but the Ships of War which be

have on the Chinese Coast have duties

に

to perform bluch prevent them from

Soing

going

Much in pursuit of these Pirates,

• from giving Convoys to there boasting Fleets; although those Cruizing have Occasionally been very efficiently employed

the Capturing or driving away Pirates in Certain parts of the bea. Lond Palmerston would therefore with Lond frey to consider whether it would be posible to organize a Colonial Hotelle the purpose of giving Convoy to the Chinese Casting Elects. It seems to

for

Lord Palmerston that a small number

Arimed Vepels of no great tije, commanded by Bution Subjects, under

the

Boar

Trad

the orders of, and responsible to the Governor of Hong Kong, would be able to

Under important service in protecting and facilitating commerce. That the

Good conduct of such repels as compared with the irregularities of the Volunteer repels, how used for Convoy, would probably obtain for them a willing preference in employment, and that Moreover an arrangement might be

Made with the Chinese Authorities, by which the bative Fleets night be

required to place themselves under the

Convoys

Convoy of there Vesels; and it may

be supposed that if the fees how paid for Convoy to the Vefuls at present employed

that service are

sufficent to make it boult while those Vepels to to fly, the

for

Fees which would be paid to the

Colonial Guard Boats and whuil Might be fined by a regular Jauff

to be lettted between the fovernment

of thing Kong and the Chinese

Authorities, would be sufficient to

defray

Board

Trad

ELF

defrags

the whole

Establishment.

I am,

Cart

Your most

the

obedient,

humble bervant.

Best

M. Merivale . I think it is impopitle to question the liberality of the spicit in which this suggestion is made, for it would be very houvalle to the Chinese Seass the British repretation to suppress pinay in com ding and in the long reen probably 2. profitable prove drays :finances are tainly could not sustain the Colonial finsuces the chaye which would be necpary to pay for fitting out a flotilla, and as Parliament can scar lespected to maintain a Marine for the sigh purpose of effecting that which the Chinese Govt either will not or cannot do themales

to me

it coppears that the preoporal is

inipicate cable one.

،އދ

Besides thèse

papers do not afford any ground for

с? не

Concluding that if the scheme c

Carried into effec to the Chines

Gort car

agre to it, mis it to love suffron. I that after a flotilla were is Callished some seizure would not be madan saht

would quad rise

to complaints.

on this party

of China

which

arcely

Services . If the Chinese Got it. trublesome to adjust satisfacting. Moreover the British Merchants have not complained that. trade has been simpeded by theme Riester, so that the repels could be employed solely on Chinese

вида

The Clonial

for the protection

:tained that it had nothing to pay.

Joy Kiss Country, unless she is unde the overs ofthe Commen

on the Station, but that Board night not object if it was see?

of any repel being used for totorical Services at Hong Kong, when paid fo

on examcication. We know from experience that the Admiralty disappene Fora dipetion afforded to its subjects on defficently would be removed but it would be in proceding or perhaps objectionable

If Lord &'cly should

Governo, & the Aanziellyshould be com

thuit preopen to entection the preoposal 3. uppose the

hr Haur

The Enclosures contain

such

a series of

on particular

insulated reporti

отрас

Cares

Boat

Trad

that they do not throw much additional light

ச

Perhaps the last is one of the most important.

That the plan would be in many respects.

понед

very

This proporal.

desirable

" med Joined in agine arduit it no doubt. The main question

would to one:

: mume the Mujn office more than omracters: homes the Chinese firmament corvent: kö it: ? In in oder to cany it out, I appichend it would h. kicepary, not merely that the Chinese Sovemment. should permit English refels of this description to act as conveys, but that they shared compet their own subjects to use them as

Conveys,

It moved sadly do to have the Gorrian,

Plotilla competing

with Partinguere

& Mer Bihorace for the Chinese.

merchants citom.

Techake Lord pey

might

as cherial,

ministir he

far he

dijection

Lat

insuperable appction.

the

derspritele recoubly.

drafted, afer the finances of

Curly

but the

exten Expences

Celery

this bind be contemplatur

vote noust

Kiss force.

tion Fum

like urface breed

Experce

I think a seperate

tücher for forming Verganing

tors fur

Jazy

stem pede.

buli

armed

be suffered in the theflitut d'should for entire

Lee Britic Ships flour employed, - face

puce justifies on this studi

вира

furnichend besten Pupus

f.com Extern

the ground

thue an

Виктори

showed be printed for Part perviously. Bust beffee

love.

mastery other kind

the previon:

formally eater.

Men.

є нові взим

to bin

uniwer to the letter

theright of lovely

Chinare

best cust

Suhuge helper

furmal

844

that white/esr

windo

باشید

cancer cred

buriten on colonial funds: hut was inasmuch as to offer to Lord Palmenton's scheme, & could wittingly further it hearded it

any fast

nepriations with the Chinese farther explicpain of demons hom his torchif whit this is appear to form the epential pctiminary, Land-Falmerston will pudes est

expect

เท

a stack of forcamps. & elpy of this coverpondence to the Coronor?

Am S. 22

волоне

23.

Iee many Master

to the creation

Intilen to ful

beat

مسا

int?

at the

Finney, but I must pass

proferul teen.

the subject. Pushing

Main the fin

Exterieur pount ofre

to be

tiin Colony

Boar

Trad

desirable to highly thritis we can to the Chinese authorities in

with 2 Palmerston

in thinking

Live

uny

aprctance

putting down

finery, I um afraid that there me mineur. mountable Aquitous to the proporal to create a colonial

flotilla for this purpose

In the first place the Colony

does not possess the necessary pecuniary. the original cost of the minune, even refury pecuniary fatt

for f muty is it i he chown that "thie w after" be refund by the fees which it erypeted might be Atained from the owner of the Chinese vesels to which protect might be afforded по but further, I va uaticipato very serious difficulty of I. responsibility in allows the city & affordfuncti protect to be aframed by much a fortellen! - If armed force is to be employed under 18 th authority for this purpure, it appear to me that it the count of My ressell regularly commist by the hell or noting mee whether if naval Input for 2 convident

their ordere

"Mary

I w

Chinese authorities

и го

urgently wanted by the convent might not be entered,

we who undertake

Layment as might be agreed con the wast for the suppose iffing

to keep

zors cermed steamers & H. Th."

газ

стисание

haby

were stipu=

га

un adequate fenyment ted for the Celty to willingly, wittingly to The performance of this day.

undertake

duty

entered

▼ HM.

Oper

Siv

27 Sep.

�

بنات

}

1840 H. Kiry

748

Stat

belu ber 18148

bry

pt of

know lo

AL-A

ledge

The 10th 10téme, and ik

que to sure en

업

10/

16. Piracy

2.F

The

End to be

whe

hi s

Shang

between

tensive by

Sta.

and the

Carrica

Lovd

hai

yombs

will.

Palmer Ann that

uaint lesiount

best

Coun

Board

Trade

E.LB

lich

مجھے

تر ہے۔ میں اسی

will

in think.

hall deviate that

Str. Majesty .

Pavle rende

کھیے۔ مجھے سمجھے میں ملانا

in its powe

1..thities in

Sinary

En 'stomers

to the Chines

uppressing

the Cust

of China, His Sidel p

ザ

fears that the..

the purapoval

olige tires

that

Celain Flabilla shante

pace f

established for

that

the first place

J..

Sing thing

does not

& pro peeps

the

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Сороб

41:56

m 1848 H Kong. Victoria Hong Kong

May

31. 1848.

My Lord, with reference to that fiation

portion

how

of Sir John Davis despatch $19. 18.of the 29th Jemmary last, relative to the convoys afforded by Refuels under But. Clous to Chinese funks against Puates, I have nar The honour to inclove for your Lordship's informaton Copy of a Deepated which Ihave lately, received from dny Coneal Jackson at Foochow foo, detailing the circumstances of the investigation & acquittal of the local Authorities of a Junk & her crew, detanseil & brought into that Post on suspicion of Piracy by the master of the British Merchant Schooner the "Aurora".

४

cscount Palinceston 8-C13

The

Board

Trade

ELF

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fee

The Consul concludes his Despatch by pointing our the wils likely to result from the commission of similar Acts of indiscretion, as that how reportet, by Vepels employed in giving Convoysto Junks along the Coast & suggests that a Public Notification should be issued with the brew of checking the unauthonged interference of the masters of But. Vefuel to emplized, & I have biccondigly Considered it advisable to some a Notification, of which the inclosed is a

copy:

this

I have formanded a copy of Notification to the Consul, with the request that he will communicate ito Contents to the Chinese Authorities, as

-proof ther this proceeding on the part для of the Marter of the Aurora was totally unauthorized by the Brit: fort, & I have further directect the Consul to acquaint the Chinese Authorites that, were I not

ле

arose

satisfied that this unhappy affair laturely from a motake on the part of the master of the repel, for which the Chinese Junkmen were principally to blame, stipes would be taken to ensure the trial & pumichement of the master of the Aurora

оча

I have

له

(tigned

S.GBonham

Cour

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Trade

ELB

ติด

*ce

copy

Victoria Hong Kong

may Mr. Bonham

31.1848.

4:36

2. Mclosures

with native Crafts.

Vefels, employed as Convogo,

interference of the Masters of

Relation to unauthorized

Copy

;

In 1848 W Kong

Siplomatic Depart

Government Notification

Whereas the attention of H. 2. Her Majesty Plempotesting &. D. has been called to the fact that Brit ! " Repels have heretofore been employed in conoozing Chimie Junks on boyages along the Coast of China, & masmuch as it has also been represented that acts of very questionable legality have later place while suck Convoys were to employed

#. E. decens it right to chrect

the attention of the Tharters of such conge to the serons liik & grave leponsabilities

I whit they subject themselves while

engaged in this service on their

own

Authority, & to remind them that

they

FF.

Coun

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E.IF

躪

they undoubtedly under the malves liable to actions both of a civil & criminal nature for any illegal acts that they mag

Commit, as well as for all consequences that may ance therefor.

By Ander

Victoria Hong Kong May 29. 1040

A.B. Wharton

Copy

N. 20.

Serj

m. 1848 WKorf

Foochow foo

April.

10. 1848.

Referring to my h.10. of the 1. Will

Сорд

જ

I have now the honour to transmit Copy & translation of a letter from Sich, Jaoutae, Containing the report of the Prefect of Forche On the examinations of the (rew & Pepenges bergers of the Junk detained by the trenchant Schooner "Aurora".

черв

I beg likewise to inclose copy of a aph

thereto.

It will be observed that there is a great discrepancy between the declaration on oult of Mr. Robertson & the lordine how transmitted, as to the number of individuals in the detained Junk at the time of Bounding her : - upon this Circumstance is laid great stress. S. Bonham Cape

auf

But

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But it should never be taken as a Criterion, for there Coasting Refels are known to Carry Many Papengers to & fio, whom it is difficult to distinguish from

their crew.

Fustead of from 20 to 25 persons jumping Berboard, & downing themele

Notwithstanding every effort mode t prevent them, as he unhesitatingh averred, it would how appear that Only two met that fate, & that they were jostted Borboard in the Confusion & alarm created by the landom Attack on Papengers's crew by the Schooner's People, with swords.

Allowing for some exaggeration in the Chime Statement from the irritated feelings of the injured Party, and,

presuming

〃

presuming Moreover, that the Authorities

At such suger

infer=

cannot but feel annozed at such

dicions Meddling with the pursuits of their Seafaring Countrymen, cateching Mrsing &

7.4% Emin upon innocent people, 7. to little trouble on themselves, I think the letter

from Such Taontae may be legarded exceedingly temperate."

The details of the examinations Must be assumed to be correct, femie be have to means of questoring them. And bender the cordene of the Chine венди themselves, Mr Robertion's imprimpled behavior on Claving this Port in beating People who had worked for heim on their applying for their wages, & threatening to Cut off their tails if they againacked heim for what was due to them, even

after

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Reis

after his voluntary promuisto me faithfully to discharge their Clarins, added to certain injudicions expresions he made me of, relation to the detention of the Junki question, in the hearing of a Gentleman attacted to this Consulate has laved

Considerable doubt in my mind as to the degree of credit to be attached to his

declaration.

ill

His Conduct Contrasts bery with the punctuality with which the funk men dischayed them engagements to him for convoging them to this Port. Nevertheless in my replyt Luche & have endeavoured to make out as good a case as posible, with the brew of Alloying the irritation likely, libe fostered by the Complainants, were

they left under (the impression that the injury done them was entirely, the fault of our countrymen.

Ihr Robertion Manifestent some doubt as to the correctness of his proceedings, heightened, I believe, by a lettin

of admonition from his owner a

owner at Amory, t whom he had made it known.

this declaration Atteals his anxiety

to shift the odium of of the detention on the Junchmen.

Several Repels under Caglish Colours are now similuly employed hingeving Convoy, to Junks along the Coast, o it is Mail to be feared that, in order to thew their geal, they may commit acts of indiveretion like the one how under Consideration, regardless of results, unles

they

checked

Com

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checked by some efficient & peremptory

Commands. Them Crews are mostly, Lascars, between whom the Chime a Strong Natural dislike exist, ret is difficult to prevent them from Committing brolence when they come in Contact with the latter in the apuned Character of Captors

I sincerely hope for the lacons stated that four Excellery will deem it propen to put a stops, by Public hotification to the injuries complained of, as well as for the sake of humanity, as ti Comornie the Chinese Authorites & People, that # M. foot will not wountenance Opprepine & Unauthorized Conduct on The part of Brit: Subjects.

I have

(signed) B.B Jackson

फ

Copy

Jess

My Lord,

兄

Victorian Bong Kong.

June 6. 1848.

дин

لا

On the && of May had the honour to forward for four Lordship's information copy of a letter porn a Chinese Gentleman unding at hingpo, astending to show the Anarchy's Confusion that exists in that Quarter, & the absence of all power on the part of the Chinese Authoritis to uphold their Laws & to suppres Populer Outbreaks; & in coroboration of these brews, & to prove how entirelys powerless the Authorities at highe уро really are, I now foward Coffey of a letter from the Intendant of Circuit to the Consul of that Post, requesting that 6. Mn. Big losingle "May be seat out mount Palmerton S.C_B

Boai

Trai

E.I

to Clear the Comel- of Pirates, to enable th Fishing Boats of the Port to proceed to tea

their ordinary Avocations.

I also inclose a copy of a petition from a poor widow woman, unding at "Mighs requesting the Conent's cepestame

ро the rescuing her son from some Pirater

From previous Despatites Jr. Londolip tore be aware of the frightful latent to which Perang has been camed on,

still exuits, along the coast of China; &

it is how wordent that the Authorities

are entirely without power to suppress it, notwithstanding they were urged to

вра adopt tome prevention measures by a very significant exhibition of popular feeling, which in fart worked on the Authorities so effectually, as to induce them

them to call on the Autish Consel for apsistam.

Der Consul Sullivans Berpatch waves

Conveyo

however all that paped between himself

and the Chinese Authorities bi to lucid And satisfactory a manner, that I blature to inclose it unmitilated for Jour Lordolip's information

The "Ropingle" returned to Port After a week's cruje; the bas unsuccesful in capturing any of the Viratical befels, but her appearance

has for the prevent had the dimmable effect of clearing the immediate bleinit, of the Piratical fleet, which previously infestest it. I have & Y

(Signed)

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Hel

jce

Victoria Hong Kong

1848

June Mr. Bonham

4:38

5. Mclosures

Suppres populer buttreak.

uphold their Lawo'r to Authorities at Wingps to on the part of the local

Relative & want of power

Copy of a letter from t. 2. Lin Kwei, Intendant of Wrenit of Ming-po-for, Shaomhing foo & Jac. Chow. foo.to.

His Worship G. G. Sullivan H.B. Mr. Consul, Ming po

The number of boats lagaged in fishing. Outride the Port of Chinhai Amounts to several thousands, & as I have heard that (to Ship of War belonging to Jour Honth- Country will soon proceed to dea to clear linefor

Humble

I how

(i-e. for the cxcrcise Ther guns, Uspectfully beg your Worship to requent

the howal Officer bis command of jour Man of War (to. Mis Roseügli") to guard

them afarist Pirates & afford the

fishing Boats every protection agamet

wvil

Cou

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evil. The Fishermen'd the people to general will shew endlep gratitude for any and afforded them.

with this my requere I beg

wishes

4 offer My best writer.

New. May 9. 1848

ха

7th day. 4th Moon. 28 year of Thonkwary

A true Franslation

(bijsed) Chas: A. Sinclair Itupute

A true Copper signe. A. R. Johnston

Com

To His Worshipp

G.S. Sullivan

Consul of St Antein at Richter.

уро

The humble petition of thedeen thin of the Family of Choo Regarding the capture hir son by Pirates - Sheveth-

30%

That unfortunately on the 24th da 900 More (27. Asil) about home, her fatturks son, who was on boond a hong bout out atles, was seized & Carned away by Pirates; that his name is Levon & is 24 years of age.

That his companion in the same

странит boat Le. Ah- trang was cared away

with her ton by the Pirates. That on the 2nd day of this moon (4 May) when at

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४

a place named Kea-Ke the Printes Puratos

ondered Le. Ah-theang to Utara home,

& make a demand of 100 Gollans for the Causern of her son, & that he brought be written Paper from the Pirater whack

ре

stipulatent that the sum should be paid.

рег

into the hands of a person hamed tang Kwany. Thing living at Kea - Ke ortid

outude

the bouth gate, & limiting & teren of six

days for the payment thereof -

And this in default of Payment at the exping of the given time they would not answer for his life

That Your Worship's humble

(and that she has no means of earning

upon the cammings of her son Le war. Aut that how he is in the hands of the Pirates

who demand the sum of 100 bollens for his laucom. that it is imposible the can

Lansom.

collect this sum, of the if he be not

Cassomed soon, the dreads the deadly Consequences what will befall her son, likely to hooke his life

That the prefingly implores

९

his

bonchips &. & Sullivan to afford her and

r support.

Presented May 9. 1818.

a true translation

hochford

The Copy

Vetitiner & very poor & that for her

Maintenance the has hitherto depended

repon

A R. Johston

Chas. A. Himlarn Interpreten

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E1B

felg

Bonham's 30. olis

Inclosure 2. in Ms.

Copy

2.10

May

ملك

11. 1848.

Siry of have the honour to make the

Subject of the present. Despatite the Welation

of an occurrence which has recently taken place, & whit appears to me to be sufficitly interesting to deserne J. C. perusal &

RECORD

My Serpatet. We7. of the 20. Of manki Cast I offered an opinion on the babchtig

the Chinine fort & the want of power on the point of the local Authorities to controal The People, which the Circumstances I am about to hanate woedence in a strong Mauser

"I should have prefaced by letter

by informing G. C. that for the het

G. Benham Que

д.е.

lighteen

P's

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eighteen months the Piratical Vessels this heighbourhood have become to humours What the trading funks have found it Necessary to employ Lorches & small foreign Vepels at an enormous Monthly lapense to afford them Convoy Protection. bude Despatch he 1 of 80% Jan't last recently. however, this depredations have been Chiefly directed against the small fishing boats belonging to this Port employed in the Jellow & Cuttle Fishery in the Chusan Archipelys during four months of the year, when they are caught in great abundance, as G. C. will readily teline from the fact of there being about 4,000 boats this employed, & the description

Fish in question, after Rice, being the principal food of the pooner Clases,

tabekkj

On the morning of the of to Instant. A poor woman Usiding near the Consulate presented the witt & Retition setting forth the Capture of her son by some Pirates near Bro. to (inclorure Copy, mes) and Imploring My apistance to obten his restoration. This document I forwarded to to. 2. the I contae, who expressed his sympatty refret, but deelsed his mability; to Do Anything in the matter, and solicited that I would lite Ony influence with Capta Campbell of H. Dn. Ship lepingle" to induce him to buit the neighbouring Islands for the purpose I capturing or driving away the Pirates, excusing himself from the non- explogment of then own bepels in this Servis on the plea of the Admiral's

ill-health

Bo:

Tra

Ill. health and the Anticipated besit of the governor of the Governor of the Province to inspect the war Junks & folding, while

the bruth is that the Adrial with his Squadron are afraid to proceed begond Chinhai, it being commonly reportent that the Pirates are desirous of encountering his Fleet, which the Mandarins Admit, Are better equipped, more numerous & in every respect more efficient than the fort bepels.

During the day I heard that the Fishing Doats, to which I have before Allured, were apenbling at Chinhai in large numbers, and that their cros Amounting to probably 8. or 9.000

Men

having

having.

ваш

in bain petitioned the Authorities for protection on them fishing grounds by

the presence of some War Junks, one Mouth of the fishing leason having expired, and

дро

being ajani fint off with specions promines, the proceeded in Mafe" to the Custom House & Rajistrong demolishing the Gates & pulling & Consiverable portion of the buildings; the local authorities in their flight retreated hattily & hingto to inform the Taoutee of what had laten place, who, danding further violine, sent over the Chief Magistrate of Chusan And another Officer with a note, enclosure hed, wrging & imploring me to requent that Captain Cambpell would immediately,

proceed

fic

sur

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ร

proceed to Chinhar, as the appearance of Un lugtoh Man of War, would at once

pacify the euraged fishermen and sectore

Confidence.

равенет

Under there arcumstances I did not hesitate to write officiallyrti Captain Campbell, requesting he would lender ung afsirtame in his power, a copy of my litter that Offium's uplys I have the know to inclose, & I take this opportunit, of informing your Excelleny that shot only felt gratiful in Affording the davutac who is a very superior person, & with whom I have always been on the mosi

friendly

tes

st and Weasonable

any just Assistame in upholding the foot of

China

China, which I beber to be the wich

6. M. fort & Will I trust Qually Meet J. 2. approbation, but from

devine also of practically Convincing the people of our wise & superior bystem of foot of the benevolent feeling of foreigners

in affording them that protection, whil thei's own Authorities are unable to

afford & which cannot fail I have the Tnost bespeficial effect in Umoving their prejudices & dislike to Foreigners, & every thing that is not pembings Chinese

I should here inform J. R. that the

J.e. Javute that 40 boats to tow the Copeegle" down the River gesterday morning

at daglight; as the bas refitting bitt

ffio.

Ces

[

Sails

Boar of

Trad

E.L

This

sails unbent, that in this movement she was followed by the Adriali Junk

four others with the usual hoing Accompaniment of furs & songs to Chin hie, When they anchored & stile remain.

I proceeded as far as Chinhai in the

Coperigli", & on going on bound was met Серие

४

Churan and

by the Chief Majestate of Another Mandarin, whom the Scouture had

Sunrive

set acrop at buwnice to bey that they should

し

be received on bound the Bing, is onder that they might be seen by the Kicherer

in paping down the liver, which they took care should be the case, for they stationed themselves on the forecette, haranguing the People in the boats & stating that they woul how proved & tea in safety, as the Big

bas

was going out to look after the Pirater and to protect them.

On reaching Chin hai I visited "The Majistrony (the Anthontes having ther courage to return). The mob ben volers in the extreme trwards them, having photh

before my animal broken in pices the Sedan Chair of the Refert, who everped ведом under the protection of some Portuguese Sailors from a Loncha, whom I found at The The been's purchasing powder and baiting for a chop to proceed to sea with the fishing bouts - in paping & & from My boat I was treated with the most thanked respect & civility by the

hanghelyn

Apembled thousands, who were

pleased & grateful at seeing the Bring

leave

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Ice

leave the Awver.

оговорить

I have to expres My acknowledgens

for the promptues with whil Captain

Campbell actest upon my requirection & the Deepalit biet theil to Mr. Sloop from

a durmarited state, was fully quipped 8 ab tea.

I have

(aques) G.S. Sullivan

ستا

a true copyr

९

(hand) A.B. Johnston.

вору

ho 40.

My Lont

bretoria Hong Kong June 9. 1840.

In submitting the following two Despatitis with inclosures from W Consul Jackson at

to Prochon zoo, I am induced principally to do so

that Gyr Lolohp may be aware of the pitch to which Piracy has arrived's is carried on the Cocot of thing betious this folory & Shanghae.

between From three Papers Up Loshs will gather that nation Junks trading from the "Post to another, are to perfectly linable to protect themselves from the Pirates, & exceive Ishiite proaction from their own god. that they are compelled to xact in mumboot hire Iinale European vessels or native befels calledd Lorchas, with European or Mache - Portuguese Commanders to protects Carin: The persons commanding the for has

The piciunt Palmersto

"The Vesels of

B&B

י די

Boarc

Trad

E.LI

Ace

in particular are generally natives of Maine, receiving perhaps from £5 to £10 per month I as they are subject to no control, & can

во

Always plece Inisinformation on the part of the Chinese under their Conway for way Acts of violence they may commit it is unnecessary tomore than allude to the abuse to which this state of things. hable; and that evt only gros abuse, but also extortion has been practised will be obvious from the Enclosures. The Mclosures however, marked 2&3 will fully explain the circumstances to whil

I refer.

In the case

Волидиско

of the Loochas uncer

Portuguese colours Ishall draw the

"Attention of the Authorities at Macas

to the transaction; and from the character of the Governor of that Colony, Shave no doubt he will do all in his power to redress the abuse complained of by bepels sailing

from Mercas.

lis ergards the "bictoria", the belongs to an Inhabitant of this place, a nation

& Bombay ; he days that the form of the "Victoria " is a Portuguese &

£6 a month as

As loa

tuguese & Muires

loages,

& that his Lorghs.

at present earns $650 a months for Convoying Chinese bepels along the coast,

being made acquainted with the Complaint made against the Mester of the forche, he volunteered at once to dismiss him on her return to Port.

I shall also make further enquiries

into

fice

نا میشه

呑

Con

Boarc

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E.LI

into the matter, and if thase the Means have him begally prosecutect for such Offence, as the littorney Zeal

may think him guilty.

بگه

Ito my despartits No. 36. Of the 37t

1.36 of Ulto Shave abready forwarded for Gr Lochp's information copy of a notificatus that thad issued relation to this subject; this measured am in hopes may tund to ender persons engaged in the Convoy Trade more circumspect for the future

& it will also serve tosatisfy

baatiofy the Chinese

Authorities that these uncourrantable

Acts of Biolaner, whather committed.

committed by

сля

English or Portuguese subjects, Altogether unsanctioned & discontenaped

by the British Authorities.

Shave

(Signed) LeBonham

ico

sury

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вору.

Brit. Consulate Foochow

April 17. 1848.

100

стру

" Theur the honour tolay before 4. E. Coy & translation of an official letter lately leceive from Lich Jaoutar, transiribing a export Made to the Provincial Treasurer by the Prefect of Fahning, complaining of proceedings alleged against I loglist bessels at a place called Sansha, Short distance to the northward of this Pot.

I have explained tothe Tamatar (Enclosure 2 that about the time this affair is said thave happened, a fleet of Chakiang Sunks left this Port under Convoy of Portuguese Lorches, and that there tours to English besed have G. Bonham Esq.

að

fid

}

Boar

Trad

E.1.

at that line.

Thave also explained whin that in a recent case of alleged infraction of the Customs Land the ciscredit there of was Attempted to be foisted upon an English befel by the Master of a Portuguese Lorbe. The proof Shack against him was a Note addraped to the (ustoms Offer at Mergers in Portuguese, which wouldthat

Certainly be used by the master of aw

English bekel or any of his people

On the reverse side of that note Ow was what was intended,

6 for a translation for a of it into Chinese, in which the writer imprudently assumes for his craft the :character of a vessel of the "great English Nation, & insultingly demands

from

101

from the officer towhow it is addbreped the liberation of somebody belonging tohin,

of whose detention the said officer decland he knew nothing . _ The noto in question

was

forwardee for my perusal, and

Returned by

me to the Harkwaw.

In adverting to this case in

Exply & Lich, I thought it proper to add that he would's later occasion

A quest that has

tomake knoww tother people on the boast

whom he represents as entertaining a violent feeling of exasperation agains the English in consequence of the alleged декамей

Acts of aggression, the facts above

Itated, and that most of the bekels

гвоз

Engaged togive convoy tonative Junks are not British bessels.

It would appear extraordinary

that

fic.

דוי

102

Boat

Trad

E.1

that these people should not be ate to distinguish between English bessels & Portuguese, dieb we not know that ther ignorance in regard to foreigners generally is extrame; & that at this Port & thes

Adjacent coasts they have had little

but

or no intercourse with any smuggling craft, who are interested

the concealing this nationality, & Shifting the blame of their misdeeds show others.

The other case of mistaken deynle Alluded to in the Taoutar's letter is that made by the Schooner "Aurora", particulars of which are contained

Nos

x 20. of the

present

present daries.

In the last of those Despatcher Iventured beall ly. Es attention to

the mischief likely bresult from the Unauthorized & inconsiderate meddling of bessels engaged ab Convoy on the past, &tosuggest the excloption of exetrection Intasun Нанки

(signed)

BBJackson.

Var

ffic.

Boa

Tra

Copy.

103

Lich by Tanperial Appointment. Superinten

of Trade xe

ко

the

Communication.

an makes the

Shave received from the Iinancial Commissioner a Deapatid stating that the Prefect of Fuhning, Chweing Showke, had laid before him a Report made on the 5th Day of the 2nd month (Mark 29.) of the 28th Gear of Throw Thwany, by San Panchos, Police Inspector of San- she is the District of this - pos in the following terms;

〃

" On the 27th Day of the 1.20 "mouth of the present year (March 2.) " a report was brought tome by some

впер

fice

104

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Mew of the Marine Police that & English bessels convoying 113 Chakining Punks

"Land entered the Bay from the Louth

Coast, and were at anchor while

((

"Awaiting a favourable wind

"On the enorning of the end Dag

" } the 2nd Month (March 6 . ) these " English bessels hearing that there were "Nation Prites cosiging outside in " Readiness to attered them forthwith " leighed Anchor & went out is permit " In the afternoon, as Iwas derreting " the Police to enquirs how matters ware proceeding. Theard in the

derretion of the Bay, the export of

" a brisk cannonade, & some houses

к кото

belonging to the Common People were "Struck by shot.

I inmediately went, accompanied "by the Military, tothe Bay, benquire

" into what was taking place, & I

" was informed by the people there "that the English having seized a " fishing boat belonging to the Bay,

"the

ечело

ew jumped int a small boat "I came bland, that the English

" followed them with drawn swordy "I that the fishermen of the Bay.

ersist

" uniting to craint them, the English

had opened & broadside from

"Cherr

Var

ffic...

105

Boar

Trad

E.1.

" their bekel upon them.

I thereupon, accompanied be "Military Officers with a Fores, procceded " to the Is a shore toquell the disturbance. "The English had by this time embarked "Carrying off a prisonins the fishermen " Naw - loo & Kew Gut, & declaring "to a loud voice their intention

"to decapitate them. While we were Engerring into the affair, the fishing " people began to pow simpations, and " as the disturbancer created by the

English was

owing tothis having

• been employed by the Corkiang

"Wood

" wood merchants, the people attacked "thase latter & beat them. We went

" forward and called out to them to "desist, but several of the number " had abundy been wounded .

As we feared that if the irritation incrrased matters might " take a serious turn, after doinggall айд

"In our power to allay it, we lefarend On board the English bessel, & hyjul

له

"the liberation of Wanlos & his " Companion _ the two fishermen. The " English represented that many

Athen "Oraw had been wounded, & that

" the mat covering of their long boat hack

"brow

106

Boar

Trad

E.L

"been toon toperces by shot: but they

" promised on payment of $200

" give up the boat & saleuse the men.

"We explained tothem again xagain the "State of the case, but they obstinatidy "refused to listen to us.

Ire than called before in the "The kiang Inerchant, Sie Yeu haow "I Se ching hung, together with " Chin king ching, Fran Meow Kew "I others, fishermen of the Bay, & "demanded of them a precise account. of the afferir. Sie Yew horow & hos "Companions becomingly deposed

"Our follows

"He are from

om the District

"of Chinhae in Checking, dare how th

"charge of the busting Junks Chang

" peron the & others_113 in number.

всего

"On the 8th day of the 12th month of "last year (fant 13. 1848) having been "Eegistered & inspreted at. Mr

Mingai

cargoes of

"We left that Port with " wood for the king. The wind being "Contrary on the 27th of the late month " (March 2. ) we put into San the " & Anchonce in the Bay. " morning of the 2nd day of the Ind двоешь

On the

" mouth / March 6.) we learnt that these " Were Pirater outside, & the English

bepel proceeding in pursuit

" of them fell in with Chin kinching

"fishing boat

ffice

107

;

Bos

Tra

low

" fishing boat which coas entering the "Bay. The English amistook her for a

" Porcite & captured her. This excited

the displeasure of the fishing people

on the shore, & breause the English who

" ware authors of the mischief were thour " Unflay, they in a divordedly enanner "Attacked & brat tos. Five of our number

four " vero toounded severely & twrlor more "Slightly. We bey that these

" seamined & that means

" for their curs.

enay,

may

belaken

We likewise foresent for mospection

A list of the articles wehave

" lost, and prug that they may

The

"be

be becobe.

ir cover..'& restored tour.

• The Bontonen Chinkingthing

" And Wan. know. New made the

" following deposition.

We are inhabitants of this Bay 2 gain a livelihood by fishing being " provided with a licence are 56 from "The Magistrate ofthedistrust. There "are in disorderly practices hat can "be laid tour_ charge-

On the I mely the Mouths (March 6 ) "While fishing out at Sea, wor "unfortunately fell in with "English vessel which was firing

Ker

punt in pursent of Pirates.

Office

"As we hastened thereupon to Cernter the Bay, the English befel

Boar

"judgeeb

es to be a

Pareite

адалие

Trad

E.L

"Chace bous.

Fearful of injury bows person

" through this enisapprehension, wor disembarked in a small bout & went

"Bland, having

one man. Wan-log-

" in charge of

our

bessel. The

"English then seized her & towel

"has

& with swords in their

away, hands, they came ashore in persint

صد

" of ts. Thew Guk a mnaw of the Bay, :the happenced tobe on the spot "Welling fish, becoming alarmil " ook toflight, on which the

"English.

108

"English, supposing him lobe a "Pirate, enade him Prisoner. This occurrence displeased the people "Of the bony, & they thereupon attacker

Bery. "the the keang Merchants & their "dailons & beat them. Tenly

نز

was nut we who called them

• Cogether

ffic

a crrated the disturbance

Hereupon taking the

" Wood dealers with us, we again " went on boares the English bessel "I repeatedly explainied to the "persons in her the state of the "Cass. At brugth on the 4th the "month (March 8. ) they liberated "Man los & his Companions & delivered

"up

سکا

109

Boa

Tra

E.J

"up the bessel. "

"We found on investigated

" that the fishermen thin kinthing & his companion were peaceable

ricks, & addicted tons drcorder

"Subjects,

doordaly

"practives, monevour that the afpermbling

the people tofight was nota,

Proceeds

" on their part, with a brew Bereating disturbances. We accordingly directed

" them to procure bail & get them at

Liberty.

•

the

"The persons who commencal Affony we found to have been brang the eigen, brang Sostach & others " whom we sent to the District Magistrate

of Biapoo for trial & punishment According " Whew.

"The wounds exceived by the the keang Sailor,

" who were attaukub were not

"particularly bevere. The wood dealers

Laron and his companion

"fie

дело

Laving asked that they might be

" given up to them in order themselves " to undertake their cure, their request

" as was expedient was granted. The "Missing articles have beux cecovered & sentiva "to their owners!?

онолить

restored

"The various circumstances of this дай

"case of the English beset capturing "through enistake a fishing boat, it of the assembling of the drople

Candl

fice

10%

Board

Trade

ELI

"how

"I disturbance consequent thereon. I export by express for gour particular information

The Prefect of Juhning having laid the foregoing before the fourmissioner of Finaner, it was by him transinitted bine the Intendent. I have besides

ديدة

De ceroud the following mandato from the Lients Governor

"It appears from the Statement "Of the Prefect of Juhning that the "bekel in question convrying in merchant

" Junks was not a British Ship of war "Lent to ernize after Pirates. that "The precipitatily & without our

"самот

cause captured a fishing boat,

110

"thereby bringing about a quarrel & affray "betioun the Inhabitants of the Bayd

the Chakeung Traders. This is a kind

"of proceeding that should on no account "be longer tolerated; it would be light "for you therefore to address a com- "_munication to the loneulat "Too chow, arquesting him blay the " Metter before the Brition Plenipo- " Centiary, in order that such " practises be put a stop 5. "Await meanwhile the orders of

"the Governor General & actions the "Mandate after perusal."

в.

It was but lately that

ffice

thersby

Boa

Tra

a morchant ship of your respected

nation captured by mistake Rung ho

ас

& others, praceable subjects, to the

Number of 20. X occasioned the death of Deveral more - the particulars geheiß

Case having been investigated, wour Communicated boyow, the worthy Consul, as is on record. After aw

interval. Of only a few day, howener has a fishing boat in the Bay of Jansha

адам

buw mistaken for

a Pirate, & the multituule thereby

provokub boas attack uponthekeung

Marchants & their tailorga to

a disturbance.

raising a

lind

111

And though the coil Oficers

& the Military Succeeded in quelling the not & in bringing the matter be conclusion. Thews nrvortheless that the Inhabitants of that part of the last

Entertain a violent fueling of exas- -peration against your respected Coumbing

This is strikingly out of unison with the Amity & good with that should generally prrouil. From the Appearance of things Carson lifear that this exasperation

too there seems.

Mary

be matured into a kittled Animosity. It hince becomes a matter of wrgent wreepity Wtake measures for girarding against whatever may

teneb

Office

cel

112

Boare

Trade

E.I.!

Hels

lend toproooke decretact of retaliation at a future dag.

I make this communication the to request you blay the matter in question before the Planipotentiary of your respectedd Nation in order that the Masters fall bepels may be repreply enjoined henceforward to restrain there intermedelling which bringe de munt trouble & distress upon innocent People. By this means may unforese Accidents be prroented & praer & concord maintained unimpaired.

A very necesary communication to Jackson - B. B. M. Coment at Forched. Javukways 28th year. Bad mouth. 9th day

(April 12. 1848.)

Copy.

Brit Consulate Grochow April 17/68.

Jackson, H. B. M. Consul to marker

the following Communication in exply

Shave had the hourons to receive from

the worthy Taontas an official letter transcribing & Report made by the Prefect of Rihning to the Provincial reasures Complaining of proceedings alleged Against two English bessels at a place called Saw the in the District of This poo

About the time this affairs is reported Whave occurred a fort offhr keang Junks laden with timber left this Port under the convoy of one or more

Lorchas.

Office

CES

sup

113

Boar

Trad

E.L

Lorches. There were no

English bessels here At that time. And as in the Report

of the Prefect of Fühning, no sort of

proof is furnished as to the nationality

bessels

of the conveying befele begone ther bare assertion of the thakeung Junkmen,

I feel almost convinced they were not

indend English bessel.

Moreover

cover a case tous lately

еднинат

Submitted tome by the Hackwan at hantas in which the two tom's offerah Mingkan alleged a charge of infringement of the [wstom's Lave agains an English wessel engaged in giving convoy to Junks_ which however I found on proof supplied to me by the backwar himself

himself to be a Portuguese Lorchad.

I took that opportunity of explaining

to the Hackwan what mvertheless he ought thars been cognizant of that there was

No English Bessel them in the Port Sindary engaged, & that most of the

дева bessels engaged to convoy nation Jacks love Foreigners, principally Portugueses over whom H. M. Officers & God. have no punsdiction oncontroul.

thave accordingly to request you will take proper measure for making this fact known to the people on the best whom you represent as entertaining a biolent feeling of Exasperation against the English.

In the meantime. Swill take an Early opportunity of representing the case tott. In Plenipotentiary in compliance with your request.

годи

(sigend) Blackson.

דייב

Office

Boa

Trai

E.J

ما

In Mr Bonham's ho. 40

1848.

fice

celt

CES

Copy

Foochow

114

Apul 29.1848.

ари

Sing with reform to the componders with

reference

the Authorities of this City which I had the honour of lazing before G. C. In My last muntend Despatch, I have now to report the following particulars that have since come to my, knowledge respecting a Louche called the "Victoria "whil entered this River about the middle of the present mouth.

She is sand to belong to a berang

Victoria

hamed be. Me. deen lividing at Ketonin

Sic.

to be Portuguese built, & her Marling crew to be

Morty Portuguese.

The however hounted Britol

Colours & papsed for An English Kepel.

From Commmenden Loving of HMS. Scout I first heard of this Vesels having been

S. G. Bonham lege

९.

Copy

1.0.

Board

Trade

E.L.F

yeig

Ace

in the Arver.

From a respectable Pasenger in the Lonchae I had the other particulars. And in

Addition

that during the whole papage the

Tracter was constantly firing upon every, hative

Craft, that came within range of his feins, & Otherwise behaving in an unjust & overbearing manner; as for example ondering up

to shoot the Pilot, in this Oliver, in arif

Munkets

Ander to compel him to beccept his, the marter

own terms.

On its becing Umarked that the People fled at his approach, & appeared Alarmed Thenever his Lorcha stopped at Any Roadstuart or anchorage, which the dil Almost daily during her seven weeks papage from thong kong, he exprefed

surprize that such should be the case,

but

but added that he had heverthalep

115

observed it without being able to account

for it.

I fully

believe it is to Characters of this

descriptions that be owe much of the odium

which is cast upon lighth Vefiels on there

Courto.

If Authorgal & Carry, lughol Colours, which I am at a loss to understeed, it is incumbent on the master of the "Victoria"," If an laghal Vepal, so to demean himself as not to give like to reports & feelings inimicil to our Characlin's interests.

Daving Uncavel at Anchor only a few hours, though some clays sie the River, I doubt be can be held subject to the penalty, Card Jown in the gu Article of the feneral.

Regulations of Grade for not presenting

himself

ffice

celt

Board

Trad

.1.1

eig

kinely with his ship's papers at thi

Consulate.

If not authorgel & Carry, luglioh Colours, I respectfully, subrait whether

her owners might not be proceeded agarnet the abuse of them, with a view to the

for

prevention of further Misconduct wherely

Che

верев reputation of our country's bessel is made t bear the burther of all the loghenes &

године aggresions of the Portuguese in this part of

the World, notorious as they are for injustice

V arrogance in this dealings with the Chimere.

I am conecions of the bunt of tangible loedence in this case. But I consider it выдеть

My duty, betwrthstanding, to fremt the farts, as made horown & me, & four

Excellery

Though

116

Though unauthenticated by documentary proof, they may be considered undouting,

cout.

Undoubtedly

The Loncha in question is said to

be giving Convoy & fucks going korthward, After which the is to return to Hong Kong

I trust you will see fit to give onders for Compelling her Master, on her arrival there, to under a strict account of his proceedings; : And that you will likewice consider the

lapediency of levying the Fire for cepaction of the 30. Art: of the general regulations for Antioch Vepels, on them arrival at the Consular Posts, in the love of the Victoria being wondered entitled to that demoration Unless reposons notice be taken of the lewlep proceedings of such Vepels, it is

Office.

મ

fees

Boat

Trad

E.L

ዝር

to be flosed be thall continually be involved

Wi litigation

on their account.

I have &

(signed) B.B. Jackson.

(ward) Jeme Copyr

شند)

A. B. Johnston

117

Office

#cel

ces

Board of

Trade

ELB

eigi

Ace

}

In. Mr. Bonhams 1.40

118

Home

Office

SUIT

ffice

Some Office

Board

Trade

ELB

Ace

79 Gor

119

Treasury 244 Law.

mexw:

n. 23 Mb N. 10.

Letter

Ophitehall

10 Jaimary.

With reference to

188.

of the 10th Altino, dam directed by Secretary Sir Seorge

to thansmit to

Srey

the

inform

cation

the enclosed Me

for. of hard hay,

H Lint. Colonel Jeble, the

relating Honey

P.S. The Enclosures

Cotter are

with returned

the

Severa

to the Ricord at

Jir,

dang

Four Obedient Servant

R. Merivale degr

Colonial Afferd

■

Boar

Trad

Mr Me

стоять

Jan11. 4. Jith me maanden is punched (as be himself stated to me) on buy insufficient in formation regarding

the plan & site of the purentis aff. There is no Estimato

the

perused Expense of the alterations

bystion : bit pesta biz tay

sould not quals cond

the cost of there bypake by the Committre affish? at Hay kay. It will ingens a dispaket to emborly Cite setti hiemannden.

But, after all, is hit this a

Fair

instance for the adoption of has hays meat sagestion in mans

to the Bermudas, & Employing

کے

that

min to consider the safety is done at the same time,

it is denrable to employ the convicts as much as

what

hointing

s possible on out door labour, & authorizing the expenditure

before a much as wohl bit for the carton f

be reefury to render the

most drechonable Wate

extreme dancer to health which must be oren entorty of offenders without the obtain the samet" of the Jy for these instructur

on many of the comicts/ats. beast those senhaud to hand (attur ) as perhitte,

on cut-dra. Barks.

$713. Murak 20.

normit the

memnundum

to thiyur

Entered

MB Jalis

1. 8. Frevelyan Gre

Forwardedby LANY

79.

رندا

۔ کسی کو

| Earl Grey

MRHomes 16

ABMonivule 15

Могу

22. Jan 1848.

Jam devited by lad

Grey

to transmit to you

traft to the God reguvis Lowes Commissioners of the Before this is sent the for the consistiration of the

to be preford

Treasury the accompanying

Extrck from

Despitet

Plans & Estimates of a

Hong inclosing a Ressert with from the Governor of Hong

Committee apported to

Consider such mussures as

as might be necessary fo

120

fice

וזי------ וויי

Board

Trade

E.L.B

eig

Securing the health of

the Pusoniis enforced

sin the Gasts of Which Colony.

I also transmich the Copy

of a Memoranducen drawn

the by the Sunny up

Gevent of Prisons to whom

Ford Grey his referred

subject

this subjub, logether with

the draft of Instructions

which he quopones, withe

their Loraships

Concurrence

address to the Gournian

of Hong Sony authorizing

that Officer to mee

121

Whitever amount of expense_

May

be considered absolutely

Necessary for rendering the

gast fit for the Custody

of Offen

dess without thick

to hesteh

extreme danger to s

to which it's present

Apilioneta stite exfores

them.

Their Luships.

вр

will

observe the it to carry

nite

effect the cucommendations

fores of Polonel Sett so far to render the Prisons fib

for the reception of its Surnated

surt

ffice

Board of

Trade

E.L.B

"ce

will noh quotably requil

Are

outhey exceeding to any

Material entish the Sum extech

of £545-bub Lord Grey is

: unwilling to limit the

Govenor to any pucise

amount until be shall

have had an

opportunity

of personally and queeting

the Presoux & cous-

consulting

his Council repon their.

His Luashup therefore would

Recommend thich the expenditure

which he Gropores the authorize

Mr Bann,

"presume this is what Lad fey is hard by his minuts on

79 Dory 10

on this accouch should

122

receive the Sauction of the

Lords of the Fresary.

there

the

Унисек

the sweer

ffice

Board

Trade

E.LI

;

123

Thad not seen this chaft when I write

the chuft to the 54.

my minute on

God-Borkamby N. 10_Sie

23 Jel

Sendore herewith

24 San

memnandum w the reporte

(copy of his opt to Ju

Mwarded by

Wtervale for 10

word wemmenrath by Kent.

M. Amon deyil. Cohnel Jett, Surveys- jancial

9.17

J1⁄2 $0.10 Jans-

of puimus,

and

The report

recommendations of

à immmittee aperth & to

examine and report upore

the state "/

the

Jas of

Fiumia at Hong Kong.

which report uste

faresmeded

to me by your peedenkir.

Loveinn Dani's in

desporth

ffice

Cel

تم

Boar

Trad

E.1.

dated I Nov. 1847. You

with chem that ist. Jetti

manorandum is drawn up

inspepit materials,

he had submitted to his

tes

remento information

respecting the plan and

site V

the pucent gait.

His recommenschins haverne

Bore of

tary from thore

the

Committre in some particulus

to which it will be

insportant that

кал дж

shult

drech you attention.

It appears & me alo

deincable, not only with

new to the insufficient

A...

124

size & deficient accomumoschin

Suported to Ach affione

appear

by the pot to of

gast itself

从

de reperited on

by the Committee. Met also

to the dicipline & health

of the prisoners in such a

climate

Had of Kozy

ling, that they thines

I employed as for

6-7

can be done on action

work, such as

the

contention of round, and

other similar Catsen, be

ffice

cel

Boat

Trad

E.1

the puttie brests To

cary

into practice the s

recommendtion, hey much

of conure lunch briefiel

capeunstendence

must be

and

much expilame exercised in

perating distily consuch

And

conruation

amerzy

Mem.

This big acomplished, the

pusones sentimed & Lard

125

Thore sexterned to himprisonment

the addition of

only without, hard letour,

anting pisticer

the wit

there who eximise

Йи

similar

log

Marity in Hongkong

thick fish at

amy

hine,

asur

law of this country authorizes

Here in setting the posson

their lung aber incplored

on outdon wiki, an,

thmes they where to laton,

Ibjected to a he issupolled by

Office

Retour may

be employed

they may

manne V

alon mewhined

during a great hast of the

terms of their tentimes.

And come with resiput to

recution of their ra

ra hizi.

At the same home it would

I. ampany

to maintain

Confulton canfully

Office

cel

ees

ижел as circumstames would

Clow the distinction.

batween these & the class

sentenced & Zaid laten,

by making

Са

lip

their employment

severe Kikrome

character & keeping theme

as for a péfilter apart.

that if

It appears to me

there recommendations

into effect

they

teen fully canied wit

hold chimi

wish to a

My comidnath sekit

скрение

the surfany expence of

Ират к сигрии

& aussporation.

126

The person would then beomie,

por alage number of funden,

Comparatively little mone

than a reuptake by night=

and more space might

Receper be dusted to their

then would sight-lothing

be fthith if they were

confined the whole day

day

within its walls. It will

als Bender more

The

practicalle

merkorny duthing a

portion of space to reparati

celly, in order to

into effect

cacy

set what has her friend

Macey

Boar

Trad

the most effectucale nert

of punishment in

cumirals.

the can

E.L.

with these recommentation.

+ you will not however wear any

I have the details

The important du Gich in

haud a

Jun Trust

Phone & Jo

excutius commit: and

Wstatus exfence you may,

ultimate & find empreg to render the gart fit

be the entry of thalien JAAN

without that exhome

danger Whealth whic

han

othease beyond that which you may

find absolutely & urgently necpany

Munt lovasioned

пр

127

its presents went dictionall

Endition, I shall h

hupared bauthrive.

without previously transmitting to me You will them that the Mans of the alterates or additions

you propore to make to the existing Inson, in order that the sunction of H. Mi gost may be obtained before

much works we

undertaken.

rem which the Committing

by their Acfat sperity

nempary for the repanis

immerlakes ugured amounts

to £545-19.11. and

that Lient. Col. Jett Wheir

Start his recommendations

can I camed into effet

without exceetlig

That amount

ffice

cel

¡ces

Boar

Trad

E.1.

And I tape it will he found

practicath not to excid it;

When the obsession direction,

herein contained usporting out don labour are attended

to. But I have ben.

unwitting

to linist gru

to this or my reise sum

Lan

until you have had the

opportuning of commelting

your

Connial repon the intjets.

Jan.

128

ffice

col

129

Boar

Trad

E.I

fice

CA.

Memorandum on the Report and=

recommendations of a Committée assembled.

examine and poport upon the state of Gaol of Vritarice at Hong Kong) -

вить

J K

Nem 1 .. The space proposed to be taken from

the

poems of the Gool & and converted into Pimies and southing

2018

rooms would be a

Accommodation and interfere with

other arru

arrangements for dividing the interior

of the poomes should it be considered desirable

separate the Prisoners at sight

place of this sunde of providing privies and

washing

Aboms

would suggest.

outside Gallery or berandah

anade qqually

secure with the poom itself, in which

Pinny for

2001

recasional use and as worth

swight be placed. -

For

Mwashing,

ے میں

The the general use of Prisoners

「

sury

ffic.

130

Offic

Boat

Ishould recommend privies being cousticated in the Gards to which Prisoners should the afforded access boice

times a

day

where taken out for

Exercise

Stems 2×3 . - The proposed bistem should be

0442

placed the souter closets and wathing places .. If the Prisoners

are

Gael B.

b .

The observations I have anade on

Gaol 4.

will apply generally to Gual B . - I would

neggut

lecare

horvener that the briandat's be nude

made

iron boss and that the Prisoners

have constant access to the Privies. -

allowed to

Gavi &- appones

water

crie loa.

to the Privies in the Gurch, cioset will probably be sufficients - if not

5 will be required ..

344

Abundant

& ventilation

should be provided by breaking out openings

and near.

the exiting

close to the floor with the means of closing such as may

inconvenient

mient drang

draught .__

Cause our

It is desirable. that the appertices

air and the exit

for the admission of fresh air and

of fout

664

we should be sure such sumbers

to create a more

general crculation

throughout the whole interior then is

now proposed ..

to of in differcut construction to the others and to be divided into bells intended for solitary confinement which are stated to - he not large mangls for

most tive Prisoners. -

جی رہی بھی کتنی جیسے جیسے

дене

On this subject dmill offer since further observations and seven confine amyself

to the suggeted oncasure of practing tive Treners for Puivies and washing places. -

I should pleommend instead that Pusiners should have

Civics

the Gard

livice access

and

days

be farmished with

a close possel in each cell for smagencies and with respect to seashing of

each.

Boal

Tra

131

Pasiner hus a small hand busin and that

a souter tup be fixed.

sitt be

1110

difficulty.

in the passage, there

in their

teashing

1100

then bells and emptying the stops when they

This to recreise.

anangement would he

and sune convenient and tune suuch of

found.

the expence that would be occasioned by

Eating

Ipenses. - Голос

The whole of the bells should

freily ventilated. -

With

}

a view to obviate the

terious purconvenience that would be.

sustained by the delay of

delay of a Reference for

further information I pould venture to

subsists for consideration of

consideration of Carl Grey that

Hong Kong should be

the Governor of Hong Kong

Authorized to carry

into effect all the

unks contained in the abstract, subject

to such of the alterations I have

suggested Jave

may appear to hime expedient not aware that the expence of what I will materially alter the

have suggested will materialle

تی مجھے کی مجمر

ལམ་་

amount

£646.

the Eestimate which as it stands

45-

19..

The penisal of the documents hat

impressed one with the convention

the

necessity of calling the summediate attention: if the authorities of Hong Ting to the question of the dissipline and treatment of Prisoners

Without

referring

to the details it

may

Iffic

be sufficient to advert to the admission contained in the concluding paragraph of the exput of the kommittée from

which it

appears

Hint with.

an pucseracoded New Prison "the mumber

of Turnkeys

and the discipline to be hereafter.

adopted in the quals subject of exqulations

live Quak

tions not

Cliath

properly the

ander

consideration of the kem miller " .

The determination of these important pointi

should surely have pieceded the occupation

by such numbers

the page white baiently acquires

of Pusen 6. immediate step to place it on

footing...

es kome

a propen

Cels

Boa

Tra

As far as I can forms an opinion of

general constinction of the Pusons it is

most defective sie

the

3 untennected

"there being Buildings without any apparent oneans

его

maintaining, adequate control or

Kaving failed sin

supervision . -

obtaining detailed

Sence sencecly,

plans of the Prisons I can peacechy hazard a

suggestion for any general improvement ._

Building

اریک

so as

b Cr b

: possible to connect the

to economize the supeintendence. the port of the Prison officers it would be on chest. It should be impressed. прот

the authaities that of Prisoners are Associated they should be under emstent and effective control and with this vicco-

it is essential that offices should not only be present with the sun in the large-

but that should

Dois turn

during

the day

sleep in each flow to preacut communciatione

and disorder during

the

sright . _ it snight=

be possible in the biraudathi

the suggested external

132

of Gaol B and

6 gallery or birandahs

of Gaol & to construct a smale sleeping

officer having an inspectins into

tomme for an officer having

the room

I cannot ing home for it snight

be suitable in such a Chinate to divide

rooms into small separate sleeping

the large

Berth's giving

5 one

to ench

Shave

adopted this plan at Parkhurst with the

haw it

ام

bey to enterit

it 2

best effects, conds shawnig Sling Ring

все

whitch

might be effective at

There does not however appear

to be space for the satension of the Prison which would probably he necessary if the

lucyz

کیا

Aveins sucre shiided unless they be such a height as to admit of

of sich

Berths._

of Sleeping

Hooping Be. the

Five There

With reference to the occupation of

the bells in Gaol &...

theus

are not

ffic

cel

Boa

Tra

0227477

than one but it

calculatest for appoons probable they say

be accupied by

2 Presiness . _ I would submit that it

should be intimated to the authrikes that

puless the suon are.

sutirely separated, sext

вы

less than 3 Ansoners should be placed in the sume cell, and as these beles

are not of

sufficient size to admit of it, anangemente

should be made for providing additional

This

recommedation._ appines

во

essential

also with reference to Guols A+B .. It is

Also

hery

deceltang

that took avons for

employments on theds fre Labour should be

سلام

constructed and there should be space

for

incuite of Prisoners.

I fear the bite will sut

such improvements

admit of any apprecully access. riccmstances B

ہم کیا کیا

and under all the

incumstances & poulds couture to suggest-

that if it were

sacrifice

possible mithants much

is appropriate the Good of

133

Victoria as it now stands Veetsien

any useful

горив

public purpose it would in the end be

a inne lutis,

Patisfactory

New Prison of

oncature

to ereit

a construction adapted for

the Climate, and : for a suitable system of thenpline..

ما

We the question. of discipline adopted

sepress

erine

Aming

the Chinese. I dare.

not offer an opinion but if the authorities

би

the

x pot

made aware

are made

the

general principles of the systons which are

вы

tion in

operation.

Pourope these

если

Iffice

lees

he no

doubt they could apply them, and submit

for

Code.

Earl

consideration and sanction

of regulations calentated to effect that object. - At

- pecesnt the sidiseriminate heding baysther of all criminals cannot frd to vender them for

on their liberation thin tommitment to Putin.

1824174

قسمت بسته کالے کتے

Aangerous

their first

J. Jebt & Jucampai

do le

Seve

Сору-

}

134

Boar

Tradi

E.L!

fec

Aurad 23

Sir,

Victoria Hongkong 12th May, 1847.

Pursuant to the instructions of

nor con

conveyed

His Excellency the Governor

Letter of the 20 of April last, 20th

in your the

undersigned members

to us

of the Bourd

appointed to report upon the state and condition of the Tails and the additions

and improvements necessary to be made

therete to secure the health and accommodation

Jail's

of the prisoners, have this day met at the

accompanied by by

the Cedonial Surgeon and the Surveyer General. After a careful examination of the respective Jails with the assistance of the Colonial Surgeon

The Honorable,

Major M. Caine,

Colonial Secretary.

te,

де,

x.c.

}

Boat

Trad

and

1 Surveyor General

have drawn up the

accompanying Heport which we have the honor to forward herwith.

Abe have

JC,

Cha Motley Campbell,

lo B5 Hittier,

Off& Chief Magistink.

E.1.

[ Signed) |

Acting Altermey General

(Signed) {

{

(True Copy)

;

C. G. Hooldforth,

(Signed) Sheriff

Maine

Colonial Secoitary

Jail A

In Ind David 1718747 thoughing

Red 22 hov / 47.

Report

leport of

135

of the Board consisting

of the Acting Attorney General, the Acting Chief Magistrate, and the High Sheriff,

assisted

the Colonial Surgeon

and the

1847.

Surveyor Ceneral. Dated 12th May, 182)

After a careful examination of the respective Sails the following report was

· the spot.

drawn up

This Building is situate on West side of the Jail Compound.

one on

of two large rooms, one

the

It consists

the

upper,

and

the other on the lower floor, with a small

the north side,

passes the Stair

room adjoining each

through which

leading

to the

upper floor.

The

on the

Case

room on upper floor is at present occupied by about sixty Convicts

under sentence of transportation.

The

Surveyor General stated that it was

ՐԻ

zes

originally constructed for forty persons. It is of Conveniences of any sort, neither

destitute

privies nor water. A wooden teeb is

Boal

Trac

one

of the

comers

which is cleansed.

It emits

for the

use

is placed of the prisoners

every morning and evening.. a very offensive smell which

circulates thro hout the

room . The floor -

where it stands is saturated with the urine...

The

apertures in the

are

the room

the

upper part of quite sufficient for the purpose of ventilation, but from the want of a current of air in the lower part to carry off foul air arising from the breathing of

many persons, added to the stench from the wooden teeb, the room is close and disagreeable.

The lower floor is nearly

upper one,

state as

the

in the same.

one, and is

by the convict chain

about seventy

men,

now

w occupied

gang consisting of This room is also

kind - In

destitute of conveniences of any

number of flat tiles

one Comer a ne

are

136 these.

the

imbedded in the Chinam

the Chinam flear; upon

- prisoners discharge their wrine which is by a hole through the wall away by

carried

communicating with a set of prèvies on the outside of the Sail . These prinies though

intended for the of the prisoners confined

are not used, being very

in this

jail inconvenient and having

door of

communication with the interior of the Jail.

They will become very useful when the walls of the Sail are completed for seech

of the

prisoners as may

the

prison yard,

be allowed to roam about

but at present it would

unsaje to allow the prisoners to have. access to them, as they might with facility

effect their

here

as on

escape. Wooden tubs are used.

the

upper floor. There is no water in the Jail, either above or below

to cleanse or perrify the floors. The effluria

generated in the present crowded state the prisons, the breathing of

such

ict

}

کی

Boat

Trac

multitude, the dirt on their persons and clothing (which cannot be remedied at present from the scarcity of water on the premises ) added to the exhalations from the wooden tubs and Comers of the rooms, render

the

rooms

resive, and in

and in the hot.

very offensive,

weather which is fast appreaching will

to cause a

pestilence.

probably be sufficient To remedy these evils the Board

recommend the

improvements.

following

additions and

A space to to partitioned.

space to be partitioned off in one.

of each large

Corners

into privies with

of the

room to be converted.

-range of three seats

each to be connected

means

of pipes

with the leading drain of the prèvies the outside of the prison . The floors to be overlaid with lead and made water tight. 2. A cistern to be placed in the roof supply water to carry off the soil euch set of privies.

1 from

Jail B.

137

3 . The privies to be so constructed as to

admit of their being used as Wash houses.

This

can be done with little

or no e

expense

and

by making the floor water proof providing the cistern pipe with a Cock from which the water for washing

may

be obtained.

11. Tive apertures to be made in the north

partition wall with those

the

both floors to correspond.

the opposite end of the

rooms; same to be provided with strong.

iron bars to be inserted in the walls and

securely fustined.

5 : The lower pands of each

panels of each door to be

removed, and strong iron bars substituted

to create an

the foul air

of air so that

under current of air, so

may

be carried off. Each door to be provided with a sliding panel to be closed in the cold weather if required.

The Bourd found this Building

equally

destitute

of tonveniences and water. They make the following

recommendations:-

6. The kitchen between Jails A and B to

Boare

be converted into a wash house

wash-house or store-room.

Trady

E:17

As a hitchen, it is too small and most ~_.__

inconveniently placed, being against wall of Jail D.

the

At the south end of each verandah of Jail B. on toth floors a space to be..

divided off

and converted into privies and

wash houses, to be supplied with water and

as in Jail D. The same to be

soil pipes

iwed as

wash-houses also.

8. The Lower panels of all the doors to be taken out and strong iron bars substituted as before recommended with sliding panel. Each cell to be provided with a leaden or wooden utensil lined with head for the

use

of the prisoners

on an

I same to be cleansed after

prisoners

which

are

ought

use

The

emergency.

when the

allowed access

to the privies,

to be twice at least in the

Jail C.

course of

of the day.

138

The Board found this building in the

occupation of prisoners who are waiting

their trial

for felony

and misdemeanors._

The cells are not provided with

conveniencies or water. The cells on the

ground floor having been built for the solitary confinement of prisoners are not adapted for the most two prisoners. They-

more.

gre

than

one or at

present contain greater number than intended to do; the consequence

they

evere

is that the ventilation is

insufficient.

The following additions and improvements

the Board, viz: -

are recommended by

10. On the South end an addition of two

to the

rooms to be made to

building

one on

the expper and the other on the lower

floor; this addition to be in the shape

of a

tower, each

each room to contain

set of privies, and to be available as

Sur

įves

1399

Board

Trade

1.B

eign

Ice

a wa

wash house in the same manner as above recommended to be done to Iails A. & B.

$ 4. The soil pipe to lead into the leading drain on the north of the Sail compound. 12. The lower panels of all the doors to

be removed, and iron bars substituted as

recommended in Jails D... & B.

with a utensil

13. Each cell to be provided with.

before recommended.

For the general improvement of the

General

Jail the Board recommend the following improvements.

additions and

improvements. on the

13. ^ The cisterns

the roof of

roof of each

building to be supplied with water by a

force pump prisoners themselves.

15.

road. This stream in the opinion of the board will yield

ample supply of...

water for all purposes. It

seepply

the wells also:

Every

be made

may

cell and room to be white washed with lime and water once a month in

the hot weather.

16. The Sailor's house and the other

outbuildings to be removed to the higher

west of the

of the new Police Office.

ground

The front wall thereof to be built on the south retaining wall of the prison - compound for the purpose of Supervision. The Surveyor General

veral stated that the

Jailor's house

or more

to be worked by the

the

1. A Tank or reservoir to be constructed

at the South west corner of the

of the jail

compound, and the stream which runs

on the other side of the road to be drawn

into it

by pipes

to be laid

across

the

and that he

was

• purchased for $500

agrees with the Board in

agrees

e propriety of removing it from where it new stands . This building is scarcely

man;

the floor

fit for the habitation of is several feet below the level of the prison yard

and althe

although trains -

ffice

Board

Trad

E.L. B

eign

Acc

10.

have been sunk all round, still in the

rainy

140

The Board have the honor to suggest

that after

the

completion of the walls around

deason a

a great deal

water must.

the Jail compound

find its way

into the house. The Sailor

states that such is the case.

17. A kitchen of sufficient dimensions to

be constructed near the site of the present

Iailor's house, to be detached from all other buildings.

18. A long shed to be erected from the East to the West and of the prison compound for the protection of the prisoners from rays of the sun.

19.

The prison compound to be kept

clear as

the

possible from all small and--

unserviceable buildings.

ard to be

20. The divisions of the prison yard

left in abeyance until further directions

are

· given.

The above additions and improvments the Pours are of opinion will suffice

the health of the prisoners.

ensure

some

plan might be

adopted to make the prisoners themselves contribute towards defraying the expenses of

the Sails by working at their respective trades

man.

under the supervision of a responsible This plan has been adopted with success bith in the Mauritius and Calcutta. This subject, well as the number of turkeys

are more

and the

and

discipline hereafter to be adopted in the Jails

- property the subjects of regulations not new under the consideration of the Board. Nicteria Hongkong

12th May, 1847

(True Copy)

Cha Melly Camphill, [ Signed) { Acting Mur Gen!

6. B Hillier,

(Signed)

Off&t hief Magistrate. C.G. Hedeforth,

[ Signed) { Sheriff. Maine

Colonial Secretary.

ffic

Cel

fees

Boa

Tra

حدا ..

Inclosure to 3 in Desf.

No. 95 1827.

Report of

Committee

appointed to examine the state of the Colonial Jails, securing the health

with regard to r

and accommodation of the Prisoners.

12th May 1867.

141

Ordnance

War

ffice

Board

Trad

ELB

geigi

fee

ince

2346 Hongroug

142

RECEN

DEC.23

10440

9 Dev. 1848.

Sin

ffice of Adriance.

18 DeJ. 1848. §

2.15

Shane the honors by com-

of this Martin General

and Brand

of ordnances to acknowled the receipt of

да..

que letter dated this 54 instant encoring

draft

of a dispatch the Secretary of State for the Colonial Department properes to addrep to the Governor of Hong Kong

new to the adoption

with

thei

meatnes for reducing expenditure of that Colony

the Mastic Queral and Bound request qu

will lay

before Earl Grey the cnctons Copy of a report from the Apistant Inspector General of Fortifications

H. Merivale Sus.

Colonial Offi

and

that

уги

celi

ices

Board

Trad

ELB

yek

fce

will draw has Lordship's attention to that Officers statements, which, the Master Guneral and Brand

conceives, clearly shew the succesful effects of

this depart-

ment in reducing expenditure

appears in the estimate

1846-7, and also for 1847-8, and as will be further shewn

in the forthcoming estimates fü

1819

50.

Intructions have been forwarded to the Me

to this Respective

Officers of the Ordnance, and, through the buspector Queral

of Fortifications, to the Commanding Regal Engineer at Hong trong. to afford the Governor all the information in their perver,

every apertance his Excel- lency may require pon iw and of the proceedings be adopt

and

carrying

views into effect.

them

ве что

may

Earl Grey's

I have the honour to he

Sie

most obedient

Jou more

humble Servant

Copy

Qugh it Aupart pat 23sung Inspector General

1846-7.

1849-8

In 2346/9 How honestant Fortifications - dated

7 December 1848.

{

The expenditime eolich I understand from the Treaturg

1. Mauch was made

143

Litter

of 18 February 1867 with Bourdi referend

the Orduann prior to it but al

chargeable to tranghit

pinto Annual Estimate in the usual

way

was £14.6, 838..

S..

The Services to be subsequently, excented by the Engineer deportiments at Sharif Kang were brought unto tunnel Estimate for Parliamentary

Provision

ter.

the year 184.6-7, and

have been regularly reported to the Master General Boardé cultionty

in ranch Leveeding Lear

کبھی

as see? frame the Station. Orduan t 43,334.146.2: Barrack £ 46,075. L

no authmind

£9.189:19:7

8. £17,463: 13: 6.

dat

Way t

Plume 1846

3..

1. £ 13.117; 16: 7. Villach 186)

Radiant 25.072.1-- Averrock £34, 557:

1.6

Orduant 25,187 1- 1845-9 Barracks t. 35,710.

7.721 ร

:15:6.

€7.109 1-2 L.11.939: 6.4

best year

The Estimates for

клей

28 Jan. 1848

16th Teb".

teat

are

Jet aullirited, the amount as

recuvio from the stations are

Pranam. To 17.957: 2. Barrack

1/1.

£64.

0 0 1 : 13 : 10.

رہے

but there can be no taucht that these

traunt will be

Considerably

целу

redund, befor the Estimates thall be Luhittin for the Master Zeneral

Board authority.

(Liet?)

Board of

Trade

E.I.B

syeigh

ace

se wree thus appear, that w

will pains have hem omitted in this

Deportiment, to abridge the Castlinets

this settlement", and

Le....

little

has

as yet been done toward the defences. The expenditure upon the Barrack Anammadation, hat

ruitio

رح

tundir hey greatly to diminish the martatity; and Jucutive to observe that in Lard Greys intended Lether to the Govern

is made to the Military

refer

Medical

Authonties under those advice and

Regulations this Anommodation of the Troops, and the Consequent

expenditure by

the Orduans is regulated.

144

my wy

Ellist

grassy in

has

The despaths as you

are

www

keen suuch to Herg Hong

238 JJ

2 clas

عدة جرار hutom

Rowham for his information,

internation Kat

and that it shihack?,

think that

沁

что иду

جوم

جوم خیر ارو

thi's Compe

adopted? 7.7.5.23/12

825 B

This ind have been Mistered Whink in W.It's defuitt

see no

advan

Car

ヅ

tage in vending it to the God is the informat

munt of couse be in the colony.

But by. Gra

га

Board

Trade

E.L.F

weig

Vice

145

滁

י-་ .

Boal

Trad

!!!

146

Treasury

ict

Treasury

reasu

.......

....

Boare

of. Trad

E.L!

reasury

800. "

Desp: to Sor 26 Jan NC.

Fir.

REC

92 Boar

C.D.

VED

JAN. 14

1848

cisions Chambers

recor

13th commcory 1848.

With reference to your

doited the 30th Alline

Letter

147

th Alleine I have it in

commanel to cuqquaint You, for the

Treusway

information of Earl Grey, that the Luets Commissioners of Her Majesty's -

will signify to the Comm= of Audit their Authority for the Achmission on the Audits of the Accounts of the Colonial Treasurer at

сек

Hong Kong of such Expenditure, to con Cemount, not exceeding Oue Hundred and fifty Founds, as may

be incurred

in conformity with the Resolution the Coloniael Council of that Settlement forewenced by You, for the purpose &

planting Trees between the Town of

Victorice and the Barracks.

Forman Merivale and

ی جیسے

Jam Lei

Your obestient

obeclient, Show!

lebtundang

****** AWA+

icu

'es

Boare

Trade

2100 4GB Hong Hong

کا برای

Enlued

148

EL!

reis

оротвор

Informe the

14. Jan.

Am Jaur 14.

Gonna Bonham

Forwardedly

MR B

MRMori val MR Hawes

257

Earl Grey 24

wwwww

......

Major Gent

With reference to gove

D'Aquilars

Tudorfer Despitch & 100

enclose

of 22 bet a listene

enclosing

Minute queful of the Excentive Council of Stang

Song

the Su

subject of

Gelambing Frees

expord locality between the Town of Victoria and

the Barracks,

I have

to Convey to you

mumprary motherly

the

Board

Trad

E.LF

for meuring. experediture

What

are

account not exceeding

reig

vice

the tune of One hundred

and

fifty pounds.

Deep: to For 25 Jan. /.805./

JAN 21 1848

136 Bong Kong.

Treasons Chambers

20th Janisory 1848.

149

I'm reply to your Letter clacteal the

clouted

10th Instant I have it in comm

commend

to acquaint. You, for the informection of Eavel Grey, that the Lords Comm of Her Majesty's Inecessary the Sanction which his Lordship proposes to convey to the Governor of

ро

Nong Hong for incwering the extincte Expenditure of Five Uundred and night Counds ten Shillings and six Pence for the Construction of a Boat. House for the Police Departments; provided the Armounts of that Estimate chall not be found to be materically enhanced by any Modifications the Observactions

obtained

Merivale Eng

obtained from the Orclncurce Department

тол

rencor it necessary to make in the Specification und Cheorges for the

Board

Work.

Trad

ELB

nice

eigru

Cerr

yor. Bonham Ex

136 Hong Kong

N°5

Sir.

Enter

25.

150

I have the honor to

Should the Govern

ве

Nors

isformed that the proposed

expenditure for the Boat House for the Police

ですが

is sauch

Q.B.21 Jac.

Hmm Jan U

Mr Merivale

zz.b

your obedient Jew

་་ར་བ་བ་ཐིར་ཐ་བ།

PRA LEVER (

Forwarded by

24.

Morinale 24

MBILunes 125

Earl Grey

Acquaint you that Her Majesty's Government.

£508-10-6

Approve the expenditure

proposed by

Sie Ihn

Dairs in his despatch

No 95 of the 19 last Sep

to be incurred in the

construction of.

Boat

House for the Police Dept.

at Hong Kong provided the amount of that

expenditure le not Materially enhanced by

any modifications in the specification & charges.

which they

be rendered necesing

.....

FATIM FINA

bey the

Aunations which I herewith

27x27 1/2

Board

Tra

enclose from

Marter General and Board

of Ordnance.

the Dept of the

Sin

I have

Agent indt & Mantique.

375 Kong Kis.

RECE

FEB.22

184

Treasury Chambers 21th Febuary 1848.

151

In reply to your communications of

дома

2 cistant, I am commanded by the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury

Earl acquaint you, for the information of East

that My Lords concur in the sanction

Grey,

his Lordship proposes to signify for the expenditure, specified in the Estimate submitted in Governor in J. Davis's despater. of 26 boor. Last, for supplying the Govermect Spices and

Government

emment House at Hong

Kory with Water.

Jam Si

Jour

чл

Medient Sewant

Al Mund gu

Herman Merivale Coper

1097

Board

of Trad

EIB

reign

ice

Merivale

다

Appsringe the Governor

QB. 22/2/40.

Dan WA 22.

сг

for Brille Gre

h124.

375 Hony Mony.

Iam

Exbf221

152

3. Marchjus.

Jem devicted by

вал

frey to transmit to you

the accompanying copy of

a des petite from the Goin

of Hong Shorey enclosing a dermand for Stores reperid for supplying the Godt_

Hork and Offries with

Water, and lam to

austmuch you

to place

Gounelf in conuerunci:

::cation with the mastere

Boai

Trad

E.L

General and Brand

Ordnance with the ven

of quonding

hausmitting

and

осен

view

Colony with

Stores to the

as little delay

may

be Gracticable.

DENGAN

....

2707.10/2

Weep : 10 Sov 26 Tib 8.11.

( n

FFR 22

153

Treasury therunter 9/2 Fehmary 1948

پور

Jam directed by the Luces Commissiones

of ther may esty's Treasury to acquauit you

Imajesty

fer the information of Earl Grey, with

시

reference to your letter off the & the dust! to

that My Lnds have not seew allsen

object to the arrangement regarding the hayment of the arrears of Superannuation contribrition due from Messrs may b Smithers of the Police Department at Hong Kong reported in the despatch from Governor Sir I Davis off 19th hovember last forwarded by you to this Board

& Merivale Espre

Alw

Jam Si You obedient Lewant

Luhunda gen

with

33007 15/2

Board

17945

Trade

ELL

reig Mice

Mer. Merivale

Apprinze

the Governor.

Ат

ав

22/2/40

22.

HD vz Sy

154

Prassing Chambers 22 Hebry 1848.

{

KITI

With reference to your

letter of the 10° hotant, Sam commanded

canded by the

Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury to acquaint you for the information of Earl Grey, that Mys Lads have authorised the Leymaster General to ipue to Mr Peter Smith, of the Colonial Office, the sun of Seven Pounds Five Shillings and

bis fence in reimbursement of a

A. Merivale Eas

Boa

Tra

like ammunt deposited in the Comminfuriat Chest at Hong. Rong on the 25+ Rovember

last.

am,

for

Your obedient Servant,

Lel Yound you

727.

Nã

So for 23 Mb N: 10

· Jozy

384 Wou

& Mong Trims Chambers

1840

22. Trbruciary 1848.

155

With reference to your Letter

daited the 22° Ultimore I have it in

and to auqueccent You, for the Earl Grey,

information f

Grey, that the

Luds Commissioners of Her Majesty's

Treasury have not

د کر

ffice

ческа

dissent from the Instructions and

Authority which his Lovelship

to the Governor

proposes to

convey

of Hong Kong in

d to the

regard

Alteration of the Gaols at Victoria and the incurring auch Expenditure as may be absolutely necessary for

гемой

dering them Custody of Offenders.

Merivale. God

Jam Sir,

your

fit for the

obeclient Ins

icel

Board

Trade

ELB

reign

Ice

Mr Menvale

May the proposed despatch now proceed

B23 BH

AB3.23/2/400

sz qy wp

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Agent informed 14-

March

.039-23

481 trong trong

bug Truie

1th

1.6 bers

Cham March 1848.

In reply to your

Ltten

1648

War

Iffice

dacted the 23th Altino I howe

it in

und to cusprecint

You, for the information of Ecvel Grey, that the Luals Commiss

of Her

ރނ

Meijisty's Treesevry conur

in opinion with his Ludchip that this Requisition for Instruments und Dreaving Paper for the use of the Seeveyon Cmorati Department at Hong Hong, therein forvorded to Them, should be complied with; cand I aim to request that You

will

suggests to his Lorelchife

Merivale hod

trat

col

Ces

Board

Trad

ELB

reign

fce

that the requisite Directions in that respect, should be conveyed

& the legent Geureel for Hong

Kong.

ats.0/3/40.

Jam

pymous Wiff

M. Merivale

Governor

چک

dulent She

leb Munda gun

Ges. Baillie Eye

11.

481. Hong Hon

137

14 March/48

Staring laid before Ford

Grey gown letter of the

13 letto Same drited to

Conver to you

his Lerastafis

Authority for complysning

with the Requisinin for

Instruments & Drawing

Paper for the like of the

Luneyor General's Defib.

at thing. Herry.

accomperie, any

which

letter to

you of the Eletto_

ice

Board

Trade

E.L.B

Freiga

fice

4134.10/3

informed

22 March N.16.

552 Hongkong

Freamy Chambers

ам

18 Kharch who.

158

thekenning to your communication

of the 24th Wilt on the eubject of the accounts of the government of Wing

аш

кил

Kong, Jam directed by the Luds Кенд Commissioners of Her Anajesty's

Treasury to request that you will state

to Earl Grey that my Lards await the result of the investigation the present geovernor of King Kong has beew directed by his Lunds hili's Despatction the 19th po to mistitute, but that

#Merivale Expre

in the mean time my and teach

that

fict

201

ces

Boat

Tra

that no larger amount will have beaucrawu

from the Commissariat Chest ou account & Colonial Reprenditure for the year 1047/0 the actual Parliamentary Vote for the year would wanaut, of likewise that

the present feverior will not omit to attend the the suggestion in the letter

than

siam this deportiment off 14 the December vast in regard to limiting the expenditure

of the Government to such amount as the local Revenue with the Penlieumentary

Vote for the year in ay fennith the means of defraying

Jaun hii

fum

obedient Rewaut

PAKET...

159

fict

cel

ces

Board

Trad

ELB

Yeigy

the contes

Bonham

Mr Mist. I appuckend it will be proper to convey proposed at the end ofthics Latter to

Mar

41.14/3/40.

8.15/3

esten oth

Gormon Bonham

за

20.

ท

532. Hony Kory

N16

زندگی

160

22 March/48

With reference to the

investigation you

have been

test

directed by my despatite

& 9 of the 17 Feby : to institute

pite the accounts of the

Gost of Hong Honey

call

I have to douch your

special attention to the

suggestions contained in

the letter from the Board

Board

Trade

E.L.F

Pelg

Vice

of Leasury of the 17th

Deen list in regard to

limiting

the Expenditure

f the youn Good & such

amount as the local

Revenue and the

Parlamentary Vote for

The year may

furmish

the means of defraying-

A. Mis : Govermect

Moreover brush this res

logen amount will have види

been withdrawn from the

Commissariat Chesh

ег

aunench of the Colonial

161

Cxpenditure for 1847/0

Perkamentary

them the actual

Be for the ye

1 year

warrant

would

ict

tel

Tes

;

Board

Trade

E.1. B

fice

4687 14/3.

Sin

507 trong trong

1648

Treasury Chambers

March 1848.

162

you informed 22 Manch Ny

In reply to

your

letter of 29th all

I am commanded by the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Preasury.

that My Lads do not

to acquaint you

to the sanction for the Work, to which it has reference, at the Harbour Masters

Mer at Tony Rong being signified

the Governor, as proposed by

onder that it may

Earl Grey,

be proceeded with as

the funds at the disposal of the local

من

Government afford the nears of executing

So. Merivale Expe

Jam Sir

your

cour obedient Servant- bil hund gen

ice

cel

Ces

Boar

Trad

E.1

Mr. Mercate

the

дост

a13.18/3/40

resus

Plymoull wed

may

го

8.000 14/4.

lir

753 Hongkong

JP.19

1348

163

Treasury Chambed

18th April 1848.

Witt reference to your

letter of 12th

histant, I am commanded by the Lords Commissioners of Her Majestyp Preasury

to acquaint you for the information of Earl grey, that under the peculiar

circumstances there in adverted to and his

the enclosed application from Mr. Hulme, My hands have authorized the issue of For Huline's Salary, as Chief Justice of Mr.

Hing Thong, to the end of the present

mouths as recommended

Fr. Perivale Ep.

Ian Sir

your

his dadship.

dedient Sewant

lelundige

1977

Boar

Trad

41497 1/4 5002

818-A

164

Treamy Chambers 19 April 1848.

Letter be put by.

WB. 19/4/40.

Out by kon afl 19

ap 20 Pitt

го

Sir

до

am commanded by the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury

to transmit to

]

to you for the information of

Earl Grey, the accompanying copy of their Lordships Minute of yo mistant respecting the application of Mr. A. B. Johnstow, Secretary and Registrar in the Superintendency

in China, to be allowed to retire on a Pension.

7. Merivale Eey.

Ian Sir

your

obedient Sewait

leb hundangan

Merrinte

I doubt whether there is anything further to be love.

ponthis Letter_ Mr. Halone has rece

Solary,

to pay

him at the full rate

the Governa

کر

the intention

Board

Trade

ELB

Frigi

dee

Mr. Meriale

The inference I support is

that measures

chuudbe

taken after a tione by within the Secutary offtate fattie for. Trege Affairs, po ponding

healthy climate.

Out by In the present?

ses & appe

Mint this file

caleraded

Kian

Melame a

copy of the

minate has also been

sent to L. Palmerston

Keralite

ascertain this before the letter

Am ape 25

is Entun

employnt

BB. 22/4/40.

ton

in a

isput

This has becam

lind

A h 1.0.

4116 5002

шу

in 818. Hongkong 165

41492 7 Copy of Treasury huileute dated witfuil cons

Write to W. Holdington that My Lords

веше о

attentively considered the several documents relating to the services performed by M. Johnston.

The Medical Certificates of W. Johnston's ill health state that a tropical

"climate is wholly unsuited to his constitutin

until the disease under which be is "labonning is completely eradicated."

the at midced "the malady seems to be in "In ocess of aggravation & may soon entively

fit the patient for the discharge off

"his official duties." If that " under

"any civem tamees a speedy removal

from

Board

Trade

ELF

from Annia, & vacation from business "are unperative while there is thill every "reasonable hope that his constitution

"Inary be renovated so as to enable tim "to rescue his duties with effect alsome "future period":

Ibabhears from these &f from other circumstances of the case that the state

ofr. Johnston's health is not such as to make it probable that he will permanently be incapacitated for the discharge ogl

afficial duties, but the at on the contrary there is reason to exficct that a change of climate of opportunity of adopting

the

the best means of restoration to health, will after a moderate interval, be attended with success, te foluster being now only 36 years

old; & their Lelps theasure do not fect

resent

106

theal they should, under [uescut cicamuskuray be justified in sanctioning the grant of

a premancut retired allowance to this Gentleman-

My Lords are howeve. pleased to abhuve for the fussent of a temporary

allowance being hand & hv. Johnstumattre rate of £460 a year, for two years,

abowyear,

years, witho hope that before the expiration of that ben od his health away be restored & that At his Secretary of State - may---

все

*-* mới ----

Boar

Trad

E.I

be able to make duchanangements as will afferd an of fortunity for the embly mental to Johnston in a siteration the duties of which aressuḥatible with the presenting his her. Ith. If no such employment should

by be flommit for tw. Joluisterly the expiration of the two years, by Lads will be fuckared to give then best consideration to hiselaim for the continuance off em allowance till becan again be restered Bactive employment in this senice.-

Then helps have derived latisfaction

ваший

from kaming from the concludung haragraph of his fro Davis's deskaten A viset Palmerston dated 13 Augh last, that when her. Joleton's retirement from the situation of keretary dy Megistran a saning may be made by an

altered

167

altered distribution of the duties of the establishment of the Superintendency amounting to half the salary now attached to the office held by that sentterem If they rely when kisel Palmerston tating

dedicate the necessary steps to effect #hiis oled, in bla saning.

Boar

Trad

E.L

7947 19/4

819, 4 Kong 168

Treasury Chambers

20th April 1840. FRECEIVE

C.D.

APR24 1843

Sin

Wilt reference to

• your

communicatio

Weap

bbor N28 of 2600pail /48

of 10th mistant, I am commandes - by the Lands Commissioners of Her Majestys Treasury to aequani's you, for the information of Eat.

that My Lords concur in the approval his

Grey,

badship proposes to signify for the several amangements relating to the Police Establishment

Hong Kong reported in Governor

Governor Sir J. Dan's's despatch of 25th January last.

I am Sa

Sin

your

obedient Servant

libhundyin

3. Merivale Exque

arrangements mentioned

reign

fice

Board

Trad

E.I.B

bytte Governa be

Should

the

enfone

Now approved.

AB3.24/4

iom ape in

A Theriale

178-28

189

858 4. Kony Treusury Chantes 3 14 May 1848.

1843

Lish forvarded 18 Soy 12 Many/4s

Ccz

Co-c

unded by the Fords

Commissioners of Her Majesty's Taversery to treensmit to You

the

enclosed Letter from the Board of Customs, ductil the 14th Ultimo

Brition Copyright

together with Lists of Works, which have been issued from time to time for the Goverment of the Officers of their Deperrtment; and I

to mequest that You will move- Earl Grey to cauce the mussery measures to be taken for the propose of hewing the scuse forwarded to the Governor of Hong Kong Hony.

سگ

can Merivale bog

your obectient Servi

We handgu

Board

Trade

E.L.B

reiga

Forward the List?

M. Meriste

AB.3/5.

*m May 3

اور

868 WKong

170

549.

A Compilations having been

prepared of the Leveral Lions of Copy light worke

eived from

Baitin

the at have bees

time to time for tho

of the freins offthis

Governement

art Edepartment, including

all work in

Respect of wheat tothew have hers Reaved by the Board up to the 38th

December last, -

Shave it in command

to transmit herewith five copies of the Compilation in questions Signify the request off the Bound, with Reference &

& your Letter of the 4 Aug 18246, that their Lawships will causs the necessary

Mensures

{

to be taken

for the humprce of having the same

formened

Board

Trade

E.IF

meigi

forwarded to the Gowner of Sungkong

on order.

that

cellen

thee Air Selimey may

trabled to gave effect

to the act

Sie: 9.

for them

thin that

of the 8 and 9:

Muston France,

E14 Cepael Br

っ

bes

Camry

Mch. Ch. 93

Sam

Most Obert Lervans

Mr Maclea

! Parker

X-

171

;

Boare

Tradi

E11

Vice

178

Write to W. Mersouls And 200 Copril 1040 of Curtis

REG! 15 APRIL. 1848

& Com

1734- =

No 33.

зпрати якиада

14 april 1848

Custom

Bilist's Coby rght the acricet Lists of

Compilation of with 3 copies of a

935 Houghong 12

Trea

Leer reason

G May 1848

Lette

With reference to your dated the 17th Ullions I have it in command to enquecint You, for the information of Earl Grey, that the Lends Commissioner of Her Majesty's Treasury have not.

to dissent, from the Sanction which his Lordship proposes to signify to the Governor of Hong Kong for the Correingements for the extension of Police Protection. to the whole Island, and for the Coolie Stands reportedt

excation

in the Despetite from Governor Sii

J. Davis of the 9th January last.

Jom Sir.

Desp

your

obchent Too

Mirivale Eng

tes

}

Boai

Tra

Informe the Gove

Nor Meriale

رو مرده شد که و دقیقی

Ami May 11

26/5 10.189

June140.

ہے کیمی

You:

Sin

With re

1096 Hi Kong.

JUNE 1

1848

Treasury Chambers

31 May

reference to your

1848.

173

letter off

6th instant, I am commanded by the Lords Commissiouces of Her Majestys

Treasury to acquaint you, for the informatia

Earl grey.

that My Lands concur in the Instinction he proposes to convey

to the

Governor of Hong Thong, by the despatel of which a craft was submitted to thems in that letter, in regard to a grant of Lands

гума

Rent free, to the Company about to be formed for the establishment

7. Merivale Equ

ん

daily

Board

Trad

E.1. B

eigh

daily communication by Steam between

Trong trong

W. Mercinle

The propored deept to the Governor of Hong

Juver.

Keny

may

I presume, now

proceed.

and

Cantow.

I am Si

Jour

Im June

ну, пов

Medical Secent

Lebi

C. R. Kerelyan e.

2329

29-21 Fely.

800. Horey h

Hory

Entif 248

Sir

ง

Sam dericted by Rul

Grey

to thausmil to

174

48.

you for the consideration

of the Lords Commal of the Rreasury the accompanying

Copy of a Despatch with it's enclosures from the

of Henry Morg

Gov

relative to the

grack of a lot of Land,

де

rent free, which it is

Juspored to make to a Steam Pachel Company

which is about to be

tes

Board

Trade

E.L.F

established for the

Juurpre

of keeping up e regular

Communication with

Canton

Sam also to Transmit

to you the brest ofr

Despatch which Lord

with their Sordiliser concalage Grey Juspores to address

4 Gouna Bonhain

to Gover

on the subject_

Shere

14.1704/4

27 Seme

Sin

JULY 8

1848

1352. Hang Kung.

Treasury Chambers JaJuly 1848.

175

am commanded by the Lands Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury

the accompanying

to transmit to

you

letter from the Board of Customs with

the copies of the Supplemental bists, to which it refees, of Books of which the

has been claimed. And I am

to request you

will move Earl Grey

cause the requisite communication on the subject to be made to the Governor of

Thong.

Trong công

3. Merivale Cere

I am Sir

your

our obedient

Sewant

سوله

Boare

Trad

EXI

geig

Mr Merint

a draft is annexed of the noual detter to the Governa

in such cases as

10/7/40

与

973.

176

I have it in com

ind t

Kanemit herewith Five Copies of

Supplements too 1 and 2 to the

Compiled List

of Books of which th Copyright has been claimed

and t

Lignify

the

ид

West

of the Brand With leference to your Letter of the 4. Augh 16, What the Lord of the

Beamry

Measures

will causi

the regmonto

to be taken for the pumpine,

of having the same

-forwarded to

the Governor of Story Kong

His Gelleray may

effect.

Get

Custas Amen,

within

in Ader that

I he enabled to give.

har 9.

Как

of the R and 9 Vet CR 93

97 June 1846

Jour

J. Parker by

Sam.

to the

mist obed Servant W the clean

sel

Tes

}

Boar of.

Tra

Bonham C.B./

41.

10 July paver.

177

Mioussink to you

herewith

five copies of hepplements

hos : 1 od 2. to the Liel

and

of Books of which the Copy :

: righh has been alacried, to

enable

si the

Govt.

to give effech &

under your

Colony

лел

to the Ach 8 and o

Dist.

جی بھر

ch.qs. he q

Shav

Board

Trade

E.IF

reig

2.423 - 12/

VED

JULY 24 1848

1424

Song Hong Trecesury Chambers

vay

20. July 1848.

In reply to your

178

Letter detect

the 5th Allime I have it in command

منthe

euquaint You, for the information of Earl Grey, that the Lovels Commissioners of Hir Majesty's Freeway

coneur in the Matruction which his Lindship proposes to convey to the Governor of Nowy Konz

regard to the Recommendtection contained in Sir

Sir J. Davis Diepeilih of the 13th March last, respecting the Acletition of Thirty Pornel's per

Arun to the Paleory of Mr

Сити

Riencecker, Accventant in the

Treasurer's Departments in that

Colony;

And Jam cct the accme

You will

time to request that You

further observe to Lord Grey that

83/sms reg of my

neen Merivale Ey

Board

Trad

ELE

Freiga

Обес

My Lunds, cecverting to the Completion of most of the Works of importcence for the exicction of which it had been requisite for the Civil Governments to provide, and to the sufficiency of the Surveyor Genercels Departments for the Supervision of them, would

suggest.

ests that the further employment of the Officers of Royal Engineers this Branch of the Colonial Service

be dispensed with

may

zee

as proposed by Sir Jr. Davis.

ав

soul pl

Mr. Merinde.

convey the nexpary seaction to the Governon?

Fich

Jam Fin

our obedient. Jenn

Your

Abundan

2.796_257

: Lobor. Auf/48 N45

157

Không không động

Transwoning Chamber

JUY27

1640

26th July 1848.

With reference to

179

проси

Letter

of the of the Illino I have it in cossemands to cuquecent You, für

the information of

Earl Grey,

Grey, that

Elor

the Levels Commissionves of

Majesty's Traceswry have been pleased to authorize the

Actmission of the Expencliture fur the proposed Works at Hong Kong referrect to in the Despectch from Governor Sir J. Dewis detect the 13th March last. (N=39)

an Merivale hy

your obrelient Penda

euhundar ans

Board

Trad

E.1.7

Mr Mersal

appine the Gov.

з дого

ak. 27/6

Lauf we

8 z by

4.681-6

Trees Chambe

Bilungent 1848.

With reference to en

AUG. 4

1848

180

dactil the 3th Altine Theive it in command to cuquaints You, für

the informaction of Earl Grey, that the Lnds Commissioners of Uher Meijesty's Trenacory

pleased to approve of the Expenatiture for the Construction of a Server proposed in the Dispatch from the Governor of Hong Kong ducted the 11th April last.

neen Merivale Lots

your chichientsu

let mundigen

Boar

Trad

E.L

१

Governor

I'm any 4

Mr. Merivale

Appinge

the

Hilf slop

ہ سے

14932.4/6

ECEIVES

AUG 8

1348

1541. Hory Kong

Treasury Chambers

1 August 1840.

181

Vide 14 Sor: 15 Auf 1/48 N. 48.

With reference to

уши

letter off stre

5th life on the suby of the claims of the

Colonial Surgeon at Hong Kong Dan increase of Salary, I am directed by the Serces Bemmiss!" of Her Majesty's Treasury to acquauit you for information of lail Grey, that in consideration the additional duties which the increase

Дво

of the Police Ince of the extension of the Police

Itations have devolved on the Colonial Surgeon at that Colony, my dords will not obyced to

his receiving in addition to the Salary of $500 five hundred pounds per annum assigned for

that appointment, an allowance at the rate

mopased

Muenvale Espe

de de dv

eli

Воз

Tract

E.1

proposed by His Lucesleick off one hundred pounds ₤10 her auum ei respect of the contingentchanges

referred to in the requesentation, while has been

forwarded by Governor Bonham.

Jam La

аш

Your obedicul Low ant

100

M. Meinale-

Instruct the

Gersonen accordingly

Cary & Butt

AB3.0/0.

тория

Abundan

дом

5.323

WED

C: D

AUG. 10

1848

1567 Hous

Колд

Treasury Chambers Gr. Aengust 1848.

In reply to your

182

Letter Dectect

the 11th Ultime Thewe it in command

to auquecent You, for the information of Earl Grey,

that the Lords Comm?

comever wie

of Her Mapsty's Trenowry the Sunction which his Lordship

proposes to signify for

the Ilire. the House referred to in the Despreetch from the Governor of Kong Hong of

the 8th April last until the Government. House shall be

completed.

Vial to Sou 19 auf/16 1AQ.

an Merivale by

воде

سنگ

چای

your obeckent Test

lethumlama

cel

ices

Boar

Trad

E.1.

Pies,

روری

له

пов учир

Am auf.

en 12 Bli

मा

163615

AUG 14

1848

183

Treasury Chambers

12th August 1848.

}

With reference to your letter of

ommanded by

the 3 protaut, I am the Lords Commissioners of Her Majestyjs Treasury to acquaint you, for the information of Earl Grey, that my Lords have authorised the Paymaster General to ise from the Commisariat Chest Account to Mr Peter Suitth; of: the Colonial Office, the sum of £ 11. 516 Eleven Pounds Five Shillings and Six

Pence in reimbursement of to much: lodged in the Commisariat Chest

Norman Merivale Eag

...'.

Boai

Trad

E.1.

grei

at Hong Kong on the 15° May last.

Sam,

Lir. Your obedient Servant,

Lebhelyen

by Press Montes

17. Caugh

Arsiount rec

ур

1.778-

Ꮽ

2.9

Không

F631

Tresserry Themes

30th August 1848 184

Corr

FORD

acted by the

Inds Commissioners of Uher Mejecting

Treveivey to transmite to You the enclosed Duplicate Query

Coppy to bor Soft Jus

Ausd. 8 March,

жоба.

Ene in riginal)

on the

Accounts of the Colonial Trensuren at Hong Kong for the Year 1847. which has been foreverded to this Bourel by the Commissioners of Audit; eindl I am to requests that You will exbinit the same. to Eevel Grey for his Lecleliifis information.

inian Univale End-

Jenn

Tir,

your obeclient. Foun

GJ Pennington

Βο

Tra

ہے

этому т

with

AB.31/S. the requisite information

siistinctioris to prove Forward the enclosure to

Hy 16 may

185

1695 Whong !

Governor Bonham

Mong trông

Entered

140.

Treas : 30 Aug / 40

Sir,

Kw 54.

5 Sept 140.

Therewith endose

a Duplicate Query from the Commissioners of Audit

تسهيل

of an Item in the Lean

Accounts of the Colomal

Treasurer

the

of thong for

You

year 1847.

will have the goodness to call upon that Officer' for the explanation request

the Commissuren

tramant de

aul.

delay

and

во

came to

with as lute

ао

may

be possible.

Shavet

{

Board

Trade

E.I.B

Feign

1695 Jy 1675. For Kong

Sirbe. Trevelyan KCB

Treasury.

MINUTE

UTEZ

male

1349 WARH

}

W. M.

m b

Sir

186

DS. 8. March/49

With reference to Letter of

of the 30th

your Letter

Angust last forwarding Duplicate Query from

the Commisioner of

Audit on an

Stemd

in the Accounts of

the

Treasurer of Hong Kong for the year 1847,

am directed by Earl Grey to transmit to you for the information of the Lords Commm.. of the Treasury,

che

accompanying Duplicate

;

Board

Trade

ELF

reig

Reply of that officer, the original of which has been forwarded by hum to the Audit Board.

Samti

8.3671 29 8.375)

Soft./48

مسمن و

کو گھر

Joem

16983

RECEIVED

Treasury Chemis

36th August 1848.

187

unched by the

Innels Commissioners of Uer Meijenti Trevisiory to requests that You will state to Earl Grey theit My Loels have received Reports from the Offien in Cheirge of the Commissoring at. Hong Kong of two amoral Themes from the Chests under his Cheage. to the Colonial Truusuren, of Ten Thousand Bounds each,

and 21th of June lasts,

the pr

" required

to muts Expences of the Civil Governments of Hong Kong, the Superintenitency of British Treute

" and the Consular beliblishments

in China

not that You will Earl Grey to coesise My Lords

to be informed whether these Requisitions the Commissariat.

neur Merivale Longs

Chest.

Boar

Trad

E.1.

Chest. howe been reported to his Indchip by Governor Bonheem;

whither any Explanation has

and whither

been fornished by that Office of

the circumstances under whichs an

large a proportion of the Provision

racle for the Services of the Ceverente Your, had this been recon from the Commissumiet. Chest in the Moults in question.

ispues

ав

1/8.

I suppo

M. Hawes.

the have

Freamery

no aderces

should be

L. your obe

obeclients Lavr

GJ Pennington

G. J. Pennington G.

گو

خوب

Des

Interd

نه استال

1690. W. Mer 28

Came

6.644/48

I have tepe Earl Grey

your

سم العا

Letter of the 30 alt=

engrining

whether

any

explanation has been

received at this office of

the cercuristances under

which theo sunes

ま

10,000

have been drawn out of

the Commisarial Check at

Hong Kong to departhe Expenses of the And Gut

that Colony, and the

(recular Establishments in

China and Sam to rquech

will inform

the

you

Load Committe Freeny

}

8.106-

is at present

Boar

Trad

E.1

That Lord Geey

without any explanation

promthe Governa

subject.

१

in this

Vide funter to Lunany 15 hoo/48.

(Draft with 2069

Agent by Sept /48

M. Mile

informed of Sept

1706 Wony - 189 ACCRITED

Tresserry Cheekvoly

P J

31th August - 1848.43

With references to Mr Elliots Communication of the 17th Mstant-

Actvunce of Selery

respecting

cerc

mude to Mr W. Heweling Miles, Thine Clerk in the Treasury ats

Trong ng Colony

Com

For

his quilting that-

Sick Leave, Teem

neled by the Lads Comun?

Her Meijesty's Treasury to

requests that You will state to Earl Grey that in convicttraction

the

کرے

every

Inclisposition unster which Mr Miles would apprecon

his

کے

to be suffering, and adverting his alleged dependence Absentee Allowance of Half Sabory

Oce

for his Support, My Lovels will not

objects to his being permitted to

dreess

Mrriveele Ing

celi

205

Cə

dans that Half Salovey, leaving

the Acteurce which had been

authorized by the late Governor of Hong Kong for future Aeljustment

when

:hem it shalls have been ascertained

whether Mr Miles will be enabled

to resume the Ducties of the Office which he has held in that-Colony.

gemony, it

Should Mr. Baillie be instructed to pay Accordingly

AB. 1 Lef.

km/

Miles

Jenn

your obeclient. Than

少

ну

GJ Pennington

11706 1.Kong)

L. Baillie Rop

agent General

.ގ

Sr.

190

& Sept.

Lam directed:

али

by hart Grey to

прои

his Lordship

andtunity for essining

to M. W. Miles, 3. fleck

the Colonial Treasury

of Hong Kong, the half

り

the

Salary attached

to his office at the

tabi of 4250 Sterling

per ann

It appears from

Mestoficate which has been forwarded to this

Dept

Weck

DAY..

Boa

Tra

Department by the Governor of the Colony

that the last payt

made to M. Miles

on account.

of Kalary

гда

was up to the 290

of February last

inclueme

I have t

19. 677-15

Vide to bor. 27 sept.

1823. Hong

RECENT

Hong Kong

Treasury Chaumbors

SEP 19 18th September 1848.

13.8

191

In reply to your Letter chartist

the 8th Matant. There it in command to aquaint you, for

Earl

the information of Evvel Grey, that the Luds Commissioners of

Majesty's Treasury conce

Evr

in his

Pereletiips Recommenctection that

Mr Hillier should be reimbursed

the locks incurred by him in

defending the Action therein referred to - Jam however to state

that it appears to My Lids that as the Provedlings institutid

against Mr Hillier

in cor

were autopted

of lects done in his

exequence of

Official Capercity, under the direct

Orelors of the Governor, it would

have been the

sen Mrrivale hy

завит

Purse that his

Defence

cel

Ces

Board

Trada

E.LP

Freig

fice

Defence should have been conductiol

by the Law Officers of the Colony,

in the love of

Prosecution

against the Colonial

instituted against

Goverment.

Their Luclships would

suggests that the Governor should be instructed to adopts this Course. in the event of any further Proceelings being institutest by the Plaintiffs in the lose, and that Measures should be taken for recovering from them, on the peart of the Colonial Government, the Costs which they have been ordered

to pay, if they appear again in Court,

retion to the Colony.

Jun

M. Merial

Sustrant the Gou accordingly 19/9

big wed

If my by

19.397-

397-19

Suff Lech to Sovernor on M62 of 100!.!

1846 Hong Ker

Treasury Chennai

2th September 1848.

evar

EP 22 16-8

mounded by the Lords

Her Majesty's

Commissioners of

Trevesury to transmit to You the enclosed Communication from the Boure of Customs, daited the 4th Istent, enclosing Cosines of Supplement N = 3 & the compiled List of Books of which the Copyrights has been clerimed; und Fem to request. that

You will move Earl Grey to cance the Leit, in question to be forvarded to the Governor of Hong Kong with the requisite directions

subjects thereof.

the

یا

просил

obechent Sun

lehundy

Forman Merivale End

سنگ

چاک

your obeclient. There

let tauhan

Board

Trade

E.LI

reig

Fee

Mr. Merivale

Forew and the List with the usual instintin

Am Jizz

b/rz

193

1846

1345

Custom House London

4th September 1848

I have it in command to

transmit herewith five Copies of

claimed, and

Supplement to 3 to the compiled dist

no of Books of which the Copyright has been

to signify the segrest of the Board with referend to your Letter of the 4th August be that the Lords of the Treasury will cause the sepusite measures lobe laten for the forthe purpose of having the same forwarded,

botte Sovernor of Hong Hong

onder that this Excellency member enabled to gior effect within that Colony to the Act of the gtx 9

HW Victoria ch: 93.

ketiōn

I am

Ser

*..

J. Parker lope

Your most obedient servant

to maikas

Boare

Tradi

E11

yelg

Fice

-.!.

Entered

1846 R. Kong)

Governor Bonham

Hong Kong. A6. thông

PIENTS 27 Sept

Sir

194

Leave the honor

to tramount to you herewith, five Copies of

Supplement N.3 to the List of Books of

which

the Copyright has been Clanned, to enable you give effect in the Colony of Hongkong to the Act 8,9 Victoria Cap 98 Section 9

I have

195

Board

Trad

ELF

reig

141/0/48

Custom

4 Sept 1848.

Juther for Khoảng Kông.

CSEPTEM

19397

Write to N Merivale

2.496-1795

اما بزل

Copy to Low.

ек

1847 H. Kong 196

Treewry thumb

C. D.

SEPO

2th September 1842 1843

Candida by the Levels Commissioners of Her Majesty's Taiwory to transmit to you the enclosed

Comen?".

Extract from a Report of the Com

of Audit; dated the 6th June last. respecting the Role of Remunerection. allowed to Mess? Meishwick and Neurrison for Assessing and

the Police Tax at Yong Kong,

Collecting

cenal

Remission of Rents to Mr Webster in the

Colony; and I can to reuect

decurre

the

that You will submit the sessive to level Grey and move his Indship to cause this Board to be informed whether the Rester of Allowance Remission of Rent in question heave been reported to und approved of by heim.

Jenn

Swi.

obeclient, She

Jour

(main Merivale leg

ling

Sel mundo es

Board

Trade

ELB

reigy

pice

It will be accopary replanation

Mr. Merinte

to write to the Colony Jo

14483 by

77%

ма

12.496

ni 1977 1847 W Kong

"Extract of a letter from Commute of Audit, date n

6th June 1840. -

We have the honor to represent to:

197

1848

to your

Lordships that in reply to a query from this office upon the accounts of the Colonial Treasurer at Hong Kong for the year

1845

ting deductions

calling for information respecting which have been made from the gross amount of the Police Tax in thist (olory as expeceses of

Collection, the Vouchers for these expenses have

tvo

been forwarded to us for the years ending

بھائی

they are found to include Sub Collector at# 750 ye

year.

and

June 1847, and

Salaries of a

of throff

at £40 a

year._

June

* June 1846 these.

of 100

As regards the year to 30th

meids of

Salaries are in addition to the payments

Dollars to each of tivo Clerks in the Land Department; by whom the Tax had been collected for the

the Lords Commisioners

of Her Majesty's Treasony.

year to 30th June 1846, which

payment

de.

198

Boar

Trad

E.1.

payments were reported by I in Johan

Sir Davis in

his Despatch of 6th June 1846 transmitted to us

in No= Trevdlejaus Letter of y = September 1846. _

As regards

the

year

to 30th June 1847,

have to urtice that in addition to these Salarie

Sub_ Collector and Schroff a payment of

of a Sub-Collect

£ 123.12..2.. has been made to W. Mashwick

the Government Auctioneer, and to hos Aavorison

a (Wert in the Land department for their

the

wint services in assessing and collecting

to 30th June 1847, being year Commission at the rate of 6 & Cent upon

Police Tout for the

}

gross

the

this

amount of the Collections, and upon it may be proper further to observe that the

tio

payment of 200 Dollars to the clerks for

& collecting

the Tax in 1846 did not exceed the

rate of 2 3/4 & (cut. -

We have also to state that in reply to an observation upon the Rent Roll of the

Colorry for the

year 1045, in which we pointed

out

out that no Rent had been received.

cep

December 1845 upon a Lot (numbered 66.) let to ho= Webster in June 1843 at £ 59.. 15.8

& Ammmm, we were

informed that the lot--

had been resinned by Government, and

that the Governor, under the peculiar

circumstances of the dot in question, had

given instruction that the demand

for

Rent amounting to £ 149. G. 3 should not be enforced, but, as the reasons for

relinquishing

the demand are not stated.

we deem it proper to report the case for your

Lordships directions."

Boal of

Trac

E.1

12.496.

Entered

(1847 WKong)

Governor Bonhau,

tong thong nhật

Sir

NUTE 24 deft

21 Sept 1848

1847.

199

1 Oct 1455

I have the hover

to transmit for your information, the accompany-

the

-ing Copy of a Letter from

the Loras Comm? of Treasury, endlosing

Extract from a Report of the Commissionen of Audit respecting

the rate of

remuneration

allowed to Mess?

Mashwich Starrison for assessing

and

Collecting the Police

Joa

20.054.

1852 W Kong.

C.D.

Board

Trade

ELF

weig

fice

Lux at Stony Kong

حه

and respecting a

remission of Rent to MiWebster.

I have to instruct you to parnish and transmit to me for the information of the Lords Comment: the explanations required by the Board of Audit.

Sharlt

の

Vide?

Sir,

Treasury Chambers

September 1848

200

With reference to

your Letter dated

the 14th Instant, I have it in command

to acquaint

you, for the information of

barl Grey, that My Lords concur in

Opinion with his Lordship, that the

D.52-50 Repayment of a sum of Fifty two Dollay

fifty cents, to Mr. N. D. C. Parker, the brown Solicitor at Hong Kong, Account of certain Zees paid by him

into fourt in certain Suits instituted

by the brown, should be sanctioned.

I am, Sir,

your obedient Servt

Les Tundu

kwe

Cerman Merivale bag

---

Board

Trade

E.L.B

reig

Mice

Mr. Merivale

Sauction

payment

AB. 23,

3/82

km √.23

17.457.-2.2

1934 W.Kong - 201

Treasury bhambers

4th

October 1848

Siv,

I am commanded by the Lords bommisss of Her Majesty's Treasury to transmit to you, for the information of barl Grey, the enclosed bxtract from

Report of

the Commissioners of Audit, dated the 10th August last, relative to the Remission of Land Rents at Hong Kong; and I am

to request that in submitting the same to barl Grey, you

will move his Lordship to

cause My Lords to be informed whether any satisfactory Explanation of the bircumstances under which the Remissions

were made, or the Resignations of the

Herman Merivale begr

J &

Leases

Boar

Trad

E.L

Leases assented to, have been received from the Governor of Hong Kong

I am

Lir

your obedient Servt

༡ 1 བར་ ཅག་

202

Boa

Tra

The remission

and

smarch 148 N 20.

These Land Rent

голова

authorized by Lord Grey by Desp. dated 30 Octfery

1097/48 to which Forward for the information of the Lecasny copies of these Beop!

and also of Governor Davis's Deep" Np of /47

and

عابير أسف

N122,

whey refer?

7570c4/48

The Treasury will probably expect came

explanation of the grounds of Policy.

there Kents were

therefore that in

делей пр

which

I would suggest

forwarding

the above Papers,

the letter to the Treasury also contain some

the necessity of the

brief statement off the the effect of Messure, somewhat,

minute which

16927

Ainong

Papel

I submitted

Hong Kong, contained

the

assdrupenying.

2.7.8.7/10

AMBU

17.757.

Extract from a Report of

me. 1934 W Kong

GCT G

Report of the Commisioners of Mindet.

dated 18th August 1848-

203

• We have the honor to represent to youx Cordstiges,

Raat

we have received with the Rent Roll of the Colong of Hong Kong for the year 1847, transmitted to us in support of the suns brought to credit in the

Treasurer's Accounts under the Head of Land Rest, não statements of allotments of Land, held on frown Lease or

az a

otherwise, which the Holders have

petitioned to resign and have been "allowed to do

decision on payment of

so, subject to Carl Gregs decision on

Kent

up to dates specified in the Statements._

The Gates pure, in most instances, the treccination

реги

cases the

of the Quarter nimmediately preceding the date of the Governor's decision, but in some

lent is abandoned for longer periods, but est

exceeding in

any case, a Quarters Rent. _ The total amount of ammal Rental of the Lands resigned by the Petitioners is 21.149.17.4.

The Lords, Commer

and

of Her Majestys Treasury.

Sect

ices

and it is notified upon the Statements, that they were enclosed in Despatches blard grey

"espectively dated 31⁄2 July 1867, and 22 January

1848.

1566,

1/4/67 591/2 and 1984) Hong Kong)

Sir && Trevel you KC13

Treasury

209

CapR

12.

July.

bi J. Davis 273. 3 Jacket

your

приз

answer

204

Od/$8

Lever of the st

Instant, relative to

the remission of

certain Land Rents

instong Kong, Sam

directed by East brey to transmit to you

Tad fry 122-30 Octy the accompanying

plans the 9-22 Joped

I Lone Grey, 20-30

Bank.

Copies of a Correspondence between his Lordship and the Lovernor of the forowy

the

Subject

Boal

Trac

subject of the Rents

to which you refe

in the 1

refer;

and Iam to igoros

відяни ту

you, for the

Lnd (

Wheat in longing there if ? Papers before the Lords Commissioners agen with subunita to their

Toad ships sin laplanation, the following statement of the reasons which

Meränd 15 destined Under the indpipersette

Lorabrey

¢1

to authorize the Colomol

ассор

of sporender

poffe

the

Sout to remont of these Lands Holders paying up the

arrears of Rent which had become due to the frown

به

205

On the first occupation of Hong Kong

it was

proposed to

raid a considerable

postion of the Colormal Revenue from Rents on

ро

Town Allotuntists of Land, and wish that veen various Lot's were disposed of

public Auction. It was afterwards discovered the Purchasen

by some of that they has braden for their Lots more than they.

were worch

and many of these parties would

would neither

cimprove their Loss

nor pay to the bout

the

Boa

Tra

E.!

the Stipulated Rent:

Under these

circum-

- stances application made by the

Holders for pemusain to surender their

Lands. Considering

that the Lots

ли

pychased

time

question had been at the outset of the Sentement; at of Speculation, and when their real value

Could not be ascertained,

and

looking to the

difficulty of enforcing Fulfilment of bargainct made under

such

206

in and patrol with Anz oder by

such circumstances

Lord Grey

Conclusion that the

Come is th

deterissened

e the

to authorize

couldh

resumption of these mimproved Grants

condition that

the Holden should

pay up the arrears of Rent which had become due

Shave &

Tra

9773-3/10

CRIVED

OCT 9 1849

Greasury Chamber

جر

October 1848.

207

Vide to Sor 21/04/

With reference to your letter of the 3. May last

relating to the cause of his Poke, widow of the late

Cir't Enguicer of Clark of the Works at thong kong, Iam directed by the Lord's Commissioners of the May esty's theasury to acquaint you for thie

неу

information of Paul Grey that far. debuthnot of

this Office, has by their Lordships' directioris made

£50 a payment of fifty hounds to be. Poke out of the

Majesty's Regal Bounty

Jau tu

ал

Lei

four obedient Lewan

El mundan

uch

A Merivale Esper.

di di d

wi7

Boar

Trad

E.1

نا

pravéh

M. Ellist

Inform the Governor of the payment

Mrs Pope?

AB. 9. Oct. 1848.

2.7.59/10

21944-17/10.

Viãe to Son 26/4

Elli of Esper

208

Leasing Thambers

201tober 1840.

12th

With reference to your letter of the 12

Lust enclosing a Requisition for clothing & ofther Articles required for the use of the Police Lace at Song thong, lam directed by the Linds Commissioners of the eyes by & treasury Daguaint you fu the riformation of carb Grey that the Board of Deanance have been instructed to cause the articles sherified therein to be fuepared for trans- -unision to Hong Kong. & My Kendo have desired the Agent General for that Colony & make anangements in communication with the Officers of the: Ordnance department,

for forwarding the same to the Colonial

ваше

Government with as little delay as possible

You obedient Rewant

вий

ach

C'es

let much gua

197

Boar

Trad

E.1.

rei;

icc

the Guar

AB . 21/10.

7.78.26/10

0.21

Арриа

RECA

NOR a

deasing Chambers

14 Awvember 1040.

Саший

209

Jamdinated by the Leds Committeams of the thayesty's theaveny Astransmit to

you a letter from the Lecut any to the Bound of Customs Fogether with its enclosmen; ? five copies of the 4 thderpplement & the Compulation of British Copyright Books

that you

в ваш Агери Навушишить лишь Earl Grey to cause the requisite communication on the subject the roof to be made to the Gwenner of thing tong

или

fui

Gunobedient Lewant

lelundaga

Merivale

ви

de de do

Boat

Trad

E.L

モ

Frei

Dif vryst

SI'N we

to Ino.

in the usual. Despatche

приту

N°1671.

210

Shave it in

it in cer

to hanamit herewith five Copris of

the 4 Supplement

to the Compilation

British Chyright Books, - and

the region.

4 signify

The Brand.

with reference to jove Letter of

The Mr Aug 5.6 what then Ludshipn

will the the means

Mthe same being

forwarded to the Crowner of Sing

Kong.

ами

that offech may

gwen in that be clony

Any of the 8 and gr

toth bat

bes

Blz. Ch. 93 L. 9.

Jan Die

Jour most obed howard

Custon Hanse Af Mr Bus

L. Partla uf

Boat

Trac

E.I

2132 Zy Athong./

Governor Bonham. C15.

Stong Kong.

MINUTE 16

MR Jodis MR MBELLO! MiMerivale MRUaups

No 73

Sir

Ext

211

20 Nov 148

I have the honor to travemit to you. herewith

Five copies of

the

Supplement No4, to the List of Books of which the copyright has been Claimed, to enable

you

to give effect in the Colony of Honghong to the Act 844. Ketoria (93 See 9.

have

212

19397/48.

* Commen?" offeretond Write to Morcheerivale

24370.21/11

RECEIVED

Vide to Mr Michell 30 horf48

-2063 M

[ Draft with 2010.

213

مجھے

NOV.24

1848

Leasing Chambers

23 hovember 1840.

In reply to your letter of the 15 the Dust" enclosing

copy of a communication from two. Edward Michell refurting the death of tw. To o quiles,

third Cleck in the Treasury at Hong Kong, Pam directed by the derels Concmissioners of Wher lucyjesty's theasary & acquaint you, for the information of Paul frey, that my Luds do not object to the Instruction His lordship top ases to give hi

regard to the issue of the Balance of that Valary

which had become due to the late bw. Mils.

Jam hi

yen obedient Lewant

Lebrundan

of Hong Kong Ih Books putthe Goveran of Mitish Copyright the Compilation supplement to Customs

спотыка

NOVER

23.793

Merive & Espre

du ih dr.

ידי

Boat

Trad

thould the agent be instructed to Jay the

levee to the Repures.

Ripresentitures of clericles,

nd der Michell informed; the hat

resume a legal clown for the pryment of funeral expenses pon any of funds to which

her miles might

unbilled,

212 I

Ar Las a claim.

it is only

pechany

inform hion.

#the

faut.

Hatay that the in

money

will I paid to the representations

9.25

By my

214

Boai

Trad

vei

تجھے

$520.-28

Lir,

RECEIVED

DEC. I 1848

Treasury bhambers 30th November 1848

215

reply to your

to your Letter dated the 16th Inst., I have it in command to acquaint you, for the information of Earl Grey, that the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury have not seen Reason. to dissent from the Instructions his Lordship proposes to

convey to the Governor of Hong Kong in regard to

of the Duty on Auction

the Repeal of the Duty

Sales and the Increase of the Duty for Auctioneers Licenses.

I am,

Sir,

Herman Merivale Esg =

your

cour obedient Servṭ

вечниковият

Bot

Tra

Inform the Soom

Mer Inevriste

Hly o't

не ме

mpl

4.452.-28

RECEIVED

DEC. 1 1848

Treasury Chambers 30th November 1848

Vide to Gorde Dee to

216

Siv,

In reply to

to your

Letter dated the 16th

Inst., I have it in command to acquaint

you, for the information of barl Grey, that the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury

concur in the Sanction

His Lordship propoves to signify to the Governor of Hong Kong for the

Appointment of a Chinese Translator and Shroff to the Supreme Court at Hong Kong, reported in the Governor's

Despatch, No 66, of 28th August last.

I am,

Herman Merivale begr=

Sir,

obedient Serv!

your

Ahundan

Her Meins

Informe the Goo":

mpl

тешн

60/94.-28

RECEIVED

DEC. I 1848

Treasury Chambers

304 November 1848

Vide to bov. 6 Ree/48 N50

217

Liv,

In reply to your letter dated the 11th Inst., I have it in command to acquaint you, for the information of Earl Grey, that the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury, concur in the Approval which his Lordship proposes to signify to the Governor of Hong Kong of the Arrangements reported in his Despatch of the 24th August last, relative to the Increase of the Police Force at Hong Kong, in consequence of the Sickly state of the 95th Regiment.

I am,

Liv,

your obedient Servṭ

leb hundan

ferman Merivale bags

& &

Board

Trade

E.I.B

Heigh

fice

итуаль

Informe the Gov

丛

Km 8.1.

Давн

少

のの

Latit

24453.28/11

Vide to hov te beefor

No 82

$250

ал

DKC. 2

1843

Đông Đông

"Convicts

heaveny Chambers

1. Dec.

218

1048--

In reply to your letter of the 16th th

Саш Jann directed by the fences Communesnydes of the majesty's heammy to acquaintymn

for the rifernation of fallrey that kup Luds

coneen in the afferval Wis

вим спасшими

Ludslick proposes to signify for the

expenditure of two hunched & fifty pounds for the rerecoval of Carwrites from Hong Kong to Deuaux reported in Governm Bonham's despakete of 15 th July last-

which was enclosed in your communication

Jenn Lu

14 then vake love

de tu te

yun obelli aut Lewant

Calruchom

497

Board

Trade

ELF

Freig

Vice

71/237?

Til mp?

Informe the Goon?

на

Pide to You: Ne 83. 19 Deep 40.

219,

heas my Chamber

December 1840

With reference to your letter of the the dust! relative to the proposed investigation with the expenditure of the betement of Hery long, Sam directed by the Lords Commitzuners of Her Majesty's heasury &derquaint you for the information of Paul Grey, that buy dandes have caused a communication to be made to the officer incharge of the Commissariat at that is land desining that he of the officers other persons under his orders will afford

มา

the information of assistance referred to in the chaft desfatch which accompanied you letter, I will aid in all respectin the

prosecution of any enquiries the Givemos

may see on asion to institute

Jam Ni

tervally you obedient den

dr de hi

endLewant

187

Boar

Trad

E.I

Firey

Awash the ansuers

реги

helvance & Admirally!

138een Pl

2.75.03/

25926.42/12.

04-22

Dec148.

Gov:

204.15.11

22490-song

DEC. 1

18+8

ROVA 220

18-н Неалии скашки

// есенвес сонсоо

In reply to your letter of the studust!.

аш rineko ly le каля Саший знань

the. Majesty

for the information of fail Grey, that

шу

Loves canecirun the davêtion reconrmicuted

by this Lord thick in the lybenditure for Furniture for the Geverum ent House at thong kong, amounting to two humand of lighty four

аш

reported in fevernor Boukenn's despatch of the 181 leftember last, enclosed iniquiletter,

Jam Lui

* Merival Espre

dr dr

fem obedient few aut

Lethuvilan

ler Mevriate

Reforme the for?

15 Beer W

Am 6.15

бы

7.14

WAN BANGA

23:2

Herr Office

}

Office

War

221

Boal

Tra

War

115070

539 Honghong

War Office,

17 March 1840

222

I am directed to acknowledge the receipt letter of the 29 Vebonary last enclosing rapy of a despatch from Ser John Davis, Sumending that several Military Pensioners serving in Rony Stony Police Force be allowed frees Passages to India for themselves and families, and

aquaint

Can't you that the Secretary at Was is

f. pinion that those Men who have married Nativn Women of India should be allowed free Passages to that Country, but that to other Pensioners the lterative of free Passages to one Colonies should be offered.

of the Australian

& Merivale Cres

Jam

Sir

Your most obedient Servont

Colonial Department

Argiaint the Got of More Mong?

ta tranh

Man 16

9.16/

Freig

Vice

E.LI

Board

Trade

223

Boar

Trad

E.I

Brei

All Letters on the Public Service, for any Department of the War-Office,

should invariably be addressed to-

THE RIGHT HONORABLE

THE SECRETARY AT WAR,

WAR-OFFICE,

LONDON.

224

On Her Majesty's Service

Mt. Meriales Ersch

Col

War-Office.

And if any further Correspondence on the subject of this communication is

necessary, it is requested that the Number, as well as the Date thereof, may be quoted.

10,000.

May, 1847.

(2-26)

Land Bom

Land

Boar

रं

Land Board

....

1153 Bong

RECEIVED

JUNE 12

1848

Kon

225

Alap: to For. 28 June 1/60

砂

138

43-20 march 1848.

36.3 march was,

Your

Colonial Land anormigration Office

10th Dime 1848.

Sir,

We have the honor Backnowledge

letters

the 2nd and 10th Instant

Enclosing two Despatches from

the Governor of Hong Kong relating

to the resumption by The Crown

of pertains plots

Land in that

Colony.

Certain Lands held under the

Kerman Merwall Sof

Crown

ひ

Boar

Trad

E.I

Rown by a yearly rent have

' ?!

Vice

much fallen in value,

that

the

point distinguishable from

Those

226

polders

are anxious to be allowed

to resign them to The Crown. And

the Governor has accordingly been

authorized to release these persons from the obligations they had

contacted,

on their paying the

arrears of rent and surrendering the

ground. In many instances this

has been done.

The present cases

appear to be in any

do no farm

material

ponit

already disposed of, and we

have therefore the

recommend that the

hovor

Chinese

Ching-zin-san and Mept Oswald

and white be allowed trelingnich

their Lands accordingly.

We have the honor to be, Le

Your Verent

Binmble Lewants,

Hot Bendoch

Redinilogen

Board

Trad

.1.F

weigh

Phice

be to enformes

Born June 12

174

was.

moy

Sherels the

примуть

1371.

227

Kany

28 July/45 N 42.

Colonial Land & Cumipation Office

12. July, 1878.

Siv

We have the honour

letter of the

to acknowledge your

3rd Instant, accompanied by

N. 8. 18 Amich despatites from the

despatets from the foremor of

1848.

View to.

Song hàng,

Kong, relative to the

Petition of Chang

Show

له

praying

for the tennission of the Rents due by

him on

certain lots

of Land in that Colony, and

Herman Enlivalo Caf

ве

for

Board

Trad

ELF

yeigi

ice

for the redemption of the land by

the Crown

It is dated that

the Petitioner was not the

real owner of the ground in

question, but that he took out

leases for his late employer M. Pope. who paid the necessary fees, and has since died insolvent.

concur with the Local

Authorities in

thinking that the

present application is one which

may

be moperly complied wits. We have the honom tobe,

شهدا

Your obedien humble servants

The Sundack

228

Drei

Boar

Trad

E.I

Mr. Wist

Should the proposed remission y the rents be

пор

lioned ?

heter

AB: 13/7.

9 Hank 10.

14.

2.75.13/7

with the reconst

Aug/40

mis & no 49-10

1506 AK.

REFI

1848

(Colonial Land and Imigration Office

31th July 1848.

Gov:

In compliance with

Earl Grey's directions conveyed

to us in

по

your

letter of

The 13th

" of

April, we have prepared the Enclosed Return relative to Lands at Hong Kong in answer

to the

Address of the House of Commons of the 31th of

3107

March,

of which an Extract accompanied

Jour Letter.

Kerman Messiall seg

ངས།

The delay in

The

2.1.

thes

Bot

Tra

229

the preparation of this Return

the

has arisen partly from pressure of business at this

Office, and partly from the

inconspleteness of the information

in our

Subject-

possession

on the

no perfect Land

Returns having jet reached us from Hong Kong.

It will be seen that in consegnence of the late cause, we

are unable

than a

to supply more

part of the information

required by the House of Commons,

and

and even this

part is

incomplete.

Inder these circumstances

we presume. it will

: necesary to request the Governor to supply the Returns called

Shoned for by the Address.

this course be adopted, we

would suggest that the Statement We have prepared (which Lord Grey will doubtless consider not sufficiently complete for presentation to Onliament) should be forwarded to him,

Boar

Trad

E.I

Freig

fice

in case

guise

it should be found

in compiling the

information in the Clony.

We have. The honor to be

Your bedrent,

Aumble Lewants,

Thorndor

Ish

M. Elect

the Order. Whether the risumation Hawes will be able to despertoen perhaps from the the Commisioners home supplied is sufficient.

• if it is not the alternative must. I originatory.

suppose be adopted y

Ihned with both stag,

Celercy. Ws). 4/8.

and lay

the Rotun

Jay

Complete Answer

пририт

привы

ས

Complained of tho' the Mover

pent.

2.7.8.4/5.

ん

til we

referring

هده

my of Cam

ماء

Hong

Đảng trong

Return of Lands leased.

Date

buth July 1843.

From foundation of Colony

the

Situation

Youn Lots

Nos

مراد

کی

Ralfoz 10

foundation

or fronted

ADG 3

to the Public1848

of the Colony, speciting the intiation,

each Lot.

size, & rent,

Size

Cent

shuare feet

11.025 L:20

not dreified

11.025

Remarks

مو

A row of Chinese Propet Pilt Develling house built

Lange hotel built

Develling house & washouse built China Shops built

Built on

Dwelling house built

Warehouses and drilling house built Derelling

hence Built

Cling houses brist

230

11.025

Develling house built

11.025

11.020

11.025

11.025-

11.025

ら

11.023

5.512/2

56/2/2

11.025

41.865

11.86522.1 10.6 £21.10.6

China hondes Gril

添

Develling house built

$20

11.025

5.51272.

5.57272

11.025

4:21

5.5127 5.5/2/ 11.025

Caigof. 22

5.512/2

Clumine houses Fruit

久久

5.5127

No 23

11.025

مه

مر

11.025

Develling Louse Sint

25′′

not truped

11.025

2:20

Gaver brist

11.025

Warehouse Aust

11.025

功

11.025

لی

11.025

Shops built

344

11.025

گون

11.025

2.0

11.025

+38

11.025

ツ

11.025

+40

11.025 1102.5

China bonose built.

Turn over

Heifof. 20

Board

Trade

E.1.B

reign

olony)

40 6th July 1843

contiumer

Date

Hong sương.

Return Contined).

77 78

مون

مراه

дом

11.025

not speiped

11.025

not orified

مله

مع

مرغ

by Fir Eta Pottings.

finement as 20 Tenure, Aent ke

or by the Land Committee, intset to it piroues of

Situation

Live

Rent

Remarks

Town Lots

Anare fest

antinued

1.42

14.175

£25.14.3

Quilting house built

11.025

Hotel built

Green bult.

11.025-

5.5122

Imall house bulb

11.025

not op papild

11.025

Large drilling house Milt

11.025

menaly

defendet.

11.025

not specified

11025-

Rona Battistic Shape and

dutching house brukt.

Buils on

Large dresing house bilt

گاک

11.02.5

11.025

፡

a a na aa aa

11.025

11.07.57

20 20

Dwelling house links

11.025

Dwelling vous. built

11.025

11.0257

11.025

11.0257

Divething house built

11.025

773

prinde limits

not marked

China tender Cricht Built on.

Cliniese bazaar tuilt Clunese bazaar bruist

73- 76

11.023-

not specified

Baptist Chapel, bhool & dwelling house Ends Large direlling house built Dwelling house Quilt

Bazaar buikt

Focisty

Extend is buildings erseted by Marison Encation Dispensary of built by Medial Anjoriy dorily Bildnings weetedly Committee of

Herjeebley Fiopatat

43 44845 1446

No Lots 48,49,50

not defined

com foundation of folding to 6th buty 101/3 (conturned)

168817 18819

2425

26,27,

and 28

No Lov 29

N:30

No For31

Mo32

Đang động

Return Continued

Date

Situation

Size

Kent

Fremarks

231

Marine Lots square feet

محمد

Continued No3

about 7.800

مرد

6.900

65.40°

5.400

5,000

7.500

Workshops & erected

8.100

بری

.13

8.400 not Hale

9.600

Large warehouse built.

11200 10.600

38/105

10.800

32.10

13.000

15.900

16.200 14.400

111

150

15.610

140

11.800

8.200

160

مرك

مر امیر

4.644

8.755

8.000

34 No Lot 35

No36

No Lot 37

4038

No Lot 39

No.40

..4.600

ل العالم

7.616

6.000

9.700

Extensive maconale & Foreting ticht

Warthende Guilt

Abandoned &forfeited. Made a

hert landing place.

-China hon20 buch

Recensed by fort 2016, for a

No16, for a market Three Lots were reclined, but a portion

iltin was afterna do pande. I, as he 183354.

Grail th

Stald

Extensive warehouses built Very extend is dwelling & mos showdes

Adnane Fores Abander 28 by Leses. Romanz Commiformat Fores

Abandoned by Life Lovt Tinker Yard

Randmed, and fourride released

ao Ai 65. dondon's by Lekee. - for Tumblr Land

Small house built

Abandoned by Lesker. He leased

ar No 64.

Exter sine monitionses thrift.

11.500

100

Lige mashonal built

16.500

115

..30.600

265-

г.

35.000

250

205

not specified

می کند

48111.610

11.025 11.025

20 120

Develling hona bilt

24.768

192

کوک

12.096

5.418

N°1

Marine Lots

about 6.700

7.0001

Jary

ވގ

87.54.4 17.344

136

Jerantut Ushule

Warehouse built

Extensive range of waltonses bust

Thrown wists outlet

Very extensive mattonces built Lytenoid warehouses Sorvelling cond

Large prankhouse built.

Large Avelling homes brist

Large washings britt Waverence Erict.

built

2.322

Jun over

Continis.

From foundation

-"- -

Board

Trade

E.L.F

mon foundation of Eylong to 60% Shiny B...

(continued)

72 73

Bazaar Lots

Nos 1 to 118 (Upper Bazaar)

đang ng

Retum Contioned

Bate

Situation

Size

Rent

Remarks

Dlate

Situation

Size

Kent

I share jest

Marins, Lots

Aquare feet

گے

contenut

9th

the July 1

No 60

abon 4780

6.321 6.966

Work obops huls-

Clima houser built

2.322

8.514

Surrounded ti

a 102. sall

18.060

140

No Lot 66

7.740

68.

10.062

not out. 20

Franked ty

or in th

Divelling hond briht

Bazaar bril

سال کے

Find Polling granted for a Bazaar, but

hamiz beber bricht ihres resumed. It

forms for t Market 4.2.

Land Committee. méiertost

top seif 35 terms of

forcement art

franted in exchange for live othed to Themers, in a bih ali lich hinteamled

are given use by ts Rebels,

which was

Craket

خوند

Hong Kong - Return continued

7.130

£2300

•

во

284

148

Remarks

232

have

The portionlove of this call home not been receivedly the Land and Cumipation Commissioners. The produce of the sales in thated to have been an ditional ammals rental of £2.300. The previous sales had realized. rental

£7.230.

Lots 202 to 2/34 one described at detached Colo cituated willing the Climess pout of the town of Vritiria

They was leaved to

Chinese Settlers, and realized

in all

antart of

of £286 pann

Lov N. 202

10.945-

$305

203

13.650

180

204

205

2.646

855

206

Sala of

207

208.

2nd Deer

1844

209

4.400 3.600 3.360 4.960

210

211

19.990

212

11.350

213

214

1.000 1.000

59.472

107.13.6

Price Lilo are let to Clinical Amants. The size of each is: 504 28: feet (14 feet (36) and the but 18/544.

Inland

No 215

8.340

£36.16.114

216

35.000

27.12.52

Nos 140 150

120.000

168.15.0

(Lovers Bazaar)

Also let to Benisser Tenants. The sire of each ist is 800 08: feat (20 feet in 40) and the cut £.1.2.6 fr. A

217

39.600

377.18.44

218-

1.840

27.1.0

219

220

6.810

67.4.174

6.810

78.4.144

Suburban Lots

Aereo

J:1

کی

है

Sale of

221

52.000

17.13.0

24 Bobber

222

4.050

19.15.44

q \ a q

122

b b b b b b b b b b b b b b

Tiro divelling houses built

1844.

Marine

No bry

6.780

120.6.2

7.000

106.10.34

7.000

10.4.5.3%

4.269

76.1.1044

8.600

68.8.4

773

7.000 5.400

$5.15:34 $2.17.25

Dwelling house bindt

Small house buil

Jay Buty

1845

Hers Coty as

sary $8.000:-

£97.19.4

Exchein Exhibenty te dilution од

Veteri

avé fritavas 450 by 80.

to to

کی

not specified Land Committen

Say Only,"

1845

from Vitoria

Frankoly

ontact tots

Three divelling houses binds

The

Its pentienlons of these lots and nonorated in detail. They mee leased under thecins cirunnotante,

is Prokien Settere, as the average price of similar lots of land.

"It can boten not calet | Pentfle | This pant was made to Presi

from Bombang for

a place of sepinstons for stein richt.

plexorne

み

of foremondent

مه

as to Tunis

Stenoze limbs

12 Der

Rent Se

Bungalows bult

1945

Inland

No 75 269

12.500 9.000

£22.18.62

34.10.0

Continet

Board

Trade

E.1. B

Freigh

icc

Kong Kong.

Pretum Continued

Hong Kong - Return Continned.

Da it

Situation

Lize

Rent

Remarks

Date

Situation

Live

Kent

Remarks

233

thuare jest

Sale

Inland

Snare) for

Inland

12. Dec. 1845 Lot N. 270

9.000

238.10.0

291

5.000

£35.3.0

continned

بھی رکھے

13.517

12.10.2

292

5.000

29.3.0

16.800

13.10.0

293

5.000

25.3.0

16.800

15.10.0

294

5.000

32.13.0

17.220

14.7.6

Sale 65

295

4.850

40.0.0

39.600

5.13.0

14 Oct 1946.

8.715

24.0.0

275°

3.600

5.13.0

17.370

39.8.0

276

3.600

5.3.0

6.000

13.12.6

277

3.600

5.8.0

7.000

30.0.0

278

3.600

5.10.4

279

3.600

3.1.4

Inland

280

2.600

290

5.200

3.15.4 12.1.6

Sale 17 26 April

300

800

3.2.6

271

3.600

6.3.0

Bry

302

800

2418:44

272

3.600

5.3.0

303

1.600

3.2.6

273

3.600

57.8.0

304

1.600

3.2.6

(075th. Mon)

This sale is stated to have been

274

2.400

3.10.6

305

1.600

3.6.8

205

25.593

46.13.7

306

1.600

3.6.8

281

3.045

282

4.252

6.0.6 29.11.6

307

1.600

3.6.8

Corse orders of Chiness.

undertation diefly with a new to provide for the wants of the

30 Ja

1.600

3.10.10

283

2.500

9.19.0

309

1.600

3.19.2

284

2.500

8.4.0

310

1.600

3.11.0

مرکی

285

2.500

8.14.0

311

1.600

4.3.4

286

2.500

8.4.0

Full of

312

1.600

3.10.10

8.4.0

5th Mons 1847.

313

800

287

2.500

288

2.500

8.14.0

314

800

18.9

289

2.500

8.9.0

315

800

18.9

316

800

14:7

Marine

317

800

14.7

318

800

14.7

کھر کی

2.500

£20.0.0

2.500

19.15.0

2.500

19.15.0

2.500

19.15.0

2.500

19.15.0

2.500

21.0.0

2.500

23.0.0

2.500

21.0.0

2.500

21.0.0

2.500

21.15.0

2.500

22.0.0

2.500

20.5.0

2.500

319

800

14.7

320

800

14.7

321

800

14.7

322

800

14.7

Inland

1.200

5.4.2

مو

20.15.0

Nocê. Dsappears pron. Sii d. §. Davis'é Despatin, No 116- 24 Sehr 1846, Chav the follerving amorunts of Pente haid been collected between Anly 1843 & Am 1846

From Buly, 1873 20 Dem. 1874 - £5.991,15,5′′

Half year to Frink 1945_

5.326.0.3 7.039.1.5 8.002 5.11

§ § § § § § § § § §

800

2.18.4

800

3.2.6

800

3.6.8

800

4.7.6

800

5.16.9

800

5.16.8

800

5.8.4

800

4.7.6

800

3.19.2 3.2.6

Farm

36.000

8.10.10

800

3.2.6

800

4.3.4

Deer 1845-

June 1546.

Pale of

Inland

800

3.10.10

800

3.10.10

Continu.

800

2.18.4

Continued

Return Continued

situation

động đang

Kent

Linare feel

Sale of 7th June

Inland

800

25.4.2

مو

1.600

6.0.10

184

1.600

07.16.8.

Contine

1.200

5.0.0

1.000

4.8.671⁄2

Board of

1.000

4.16.102

ملة

1.000

4.12.8%

Trade

800

E.1.F

Freig

ice

į } { & & & & Z Z

مو

مل

800

2.0.0

3. 15.0

1.250

4.11.0

1.000

12.5.10

800

5.14.8

1.400

7.12.1

1.100

2.5.10

1.100

2.1.0

600

1.0.10

6.750

6.2.8

800

2.18.4

800

3.2.6

Premarks

234

REALIED

SEP 21 1848

Vide to G. P.I..

Oct 140.

Vide to Ser 266ets N°6.

Colonial Land and Erinigration Office

20th September 1848.

We have the honor &

Acknowledge your letter of the 8th instant Kansinitting copies of a corespondenes relating to is proposed grant of land to the Hoy

фоть đông

and Canton Steam Preket Ampany.

Original Enclosures Terenti relunet

This Company appears #lanc

taken the first steps to igumige a

Steam communication between Hong Yong

Kermen, Mervall Ove

and

225

Board

Trad

reign

and Courton and in February last

apperen to Sir J. Davio for a grant

rent free of a lot of building ground

in the sea shore.

bearing

tot € 181.0.71⁄2 & numbered 64.

Sir

i reus

This Lot was considered by J. Dmiss larger then was measury for their purpose mo the opposed by the Owners

grannt

Wad

the arjoning

tara; hut Sir J. Davis recommended A Low Spey that they shoned be

Allowed popession of mother pest of ground distinguished as Loto 27, 30

which the rental was £ 88.18.150

This

grant was sanctioned by Lov

This grant

Grey

on terms which amounted to

a condition that the Company should

pay rent when they ceased to run Kamers between Hong Kong and Contor.

It appears, however, that the proposed Lot of Land is very small for their purposes, that part of the ground is irregular

and

woned require considerable outtary to make it available, and that it would be

necessing for their to reclaim part of it

Ander

mo to build a sex-wall,

these circumstances they pray to be

lot of

allowed popotion of the bet

land

original's

226

Boai

Trac

E.I

Riginally chosen by them (the proprieton

of the neighbowing band having with drown

their objections to the grant) and the Governor Kranssinto

the request to

Lord grey resumending it to his favorable consideration.

The primaple of this conspin, has, already received Lord grap sanction, and the ongremoning question is that of amount. Considering therefore the importime of this undertaking to the commercial progress of Hong Hong and that the Land prayed for does not

seem

see more them

mary

reasonably

required for the purposes of

the Ampery

while the bot inginally offered them does

not appear well suited for their use, my have the horror to recommend that

the proposal of the foveur thould

be sanctioned and that he should

be authorized to put the Company me

propesim

Lot 644

on the terms abrazy

suggward by Lord Grey in respect of

Lett 29, 30.

It may however deserve consideration whether, before making any

depinte grant to the Company, it

Imight

24F

Boa

Tra

150

might not be desirable to come to some understanding respecting the terms

In which the government mails are

to be carried by the Company into

whose hands the communication

between Hong Kong

ano Cauton may

be expected exclusively to fall..

He have the hona totie

Sir Jor Obedient

Aumble Sewants,

Auxanderwood

Redecitogen

237

Board

Trad

ELB

yeigh

nice

прид

M. Meninle

Should the lead applied for by thien

now leased to them

Puhops it mag

Compeery

be adiivalle to appicze

the

P.B.

the intended youn

lease with a

times for

view to

hermis

the

congance of the Sails beturer

bury Grop

and

RECEIVED

OCT 18

1848

228

Colonial Land and Emigration Ofice.

17th October 18248.

رسانگ

We have to acknowledge the

11th Enstant receipt of your letter of

accompanied y the copy of a

1250. 24gue ward. Dexpatch from the Governor of Hary

Kong, submitting for the favorable

Consideration of Earl Grey, applications from the Holders of four Lots of Lend in that Colome to be

allowed to give up their ôts.

Applications similar to trose have been before received from

Hoy

Face & Elliot Eve

Board

Trad

E.LE

eigh

ffice

Hong Kong, and the applicants have been permitted to resign the Land of which they held

Leases, on

condition of pasing up the arrears of rent then due.

appedes to no that a similar Course thould be puroned in the present cases, and we would therefore submit that the Governor if Hong Kong should be authorized to allow the Folders of the four Loto now in question to resign them on their praying up the arrears of cent due up to the Expiration of the last Midonumer Quarter.

Gre have the donor to be,

Fi omevedient #suble Lewants

The Mundach

"Redeci Rogen .

239

ר - -

Board

Trade

ELB

reign Mice

མྨཱ ཙ ༥ བྷིཀ ཏི

M. Elect.

Comey the recepa y excection=

this advice to the God

aB. 18/10.

7.7.8.18/10

0.19 Butt

し

2/3

219 trong trong n

RECEIVED

NOV 25 1848

240

Cotorical Land and Emigration Office

24th November 1848.

22104.88

1848

1. We have the honor to

acknowledge your Letters of the 10th Instant

N° 60. 22 August 1808 accompanied by towo despatches from the It 62, 25 August the Governor of Hong thong, with their

enalounes, relating

Hereunto returned

Orignal Sudomier

си

application

of Mr Johnston, the Seastary in the Superintendency, for a lease of a

J. Fred. Ollest kapn

дома

Mest

241

Board of

Trad

E.L.B

reign

Mec

glot of ground on which he has birth

a house. -

2. From these Papers it appears

that in 1842 Mr Johnston applied for a piece of Land

on which to erect

a House for his own residence, that his application was conceded by fir

H. Pottinger, the then Governor, that

soon after he had built his House

he was compelled by illness to leave

the Colony.

and then let his Konse

lorry, and

to the Colonial Govenment for the

reindend of the Governor

очь

very

moderate

termo paying

Government

↑

Government the ground rent originally

agreed upon, but that no lease was issued to him, apparently

it was uncertain

because

whether or not

the Land would be neauted for

Civil

Military purposes, It

has now been finally decided

that it will not be required for

either the one

the other, and

Mr Johnston requests that his Littl

Buds

may

be made out.

3. It is proposed however by Lient: Colonel Philpott, the Commanding

Argal Engineer that although the

property

{

242

Board

Trade

E.I.B

reign

Pice

property is not likely to be required for military purposes the Colonial

Government should retain it's right

to the ground, in order that at

some future time

the Adiamee

may be enabled to enlarge the

Parade on which it is started to

project, suggesting however that in

consideration of the improvements

which have

have already

been made

in that part of the Town by the

Ordnance, the Colonial government,

and not the

Adnance should

" indemnify Mz Johnsston for any

lop

be might

night mear. But the

Govenor

イ

Governor is of opinion that the

Government ought not to be

Colonial

put to this expense as the grout is not wanted for Colonial purposes,

and as

the property has been

offered by Mr. Johnston to the

Adnance

nt a fair price, and

the Ordnance have refused to purchase

it, he considers that that Geuthman

has now

fair claim to a

on the usual terms.

Lease

4. We conour with the fovenor

in thinking that Ine Johnston, who

appears

ド

Board of

Trad

E.L.F

Creig Mec

}

appears to have acted throughout with

every

consideration

for the wishes

尸

the Alonial Government is entitled

to a

Lease

the

ground as proposed

by the Govenor.

We have the hover the

Jon Obedient

Anmble Lewent,

Hol Mundoch Resendoges

243

ई

Board

Tra

ELE

reign

ice

I presume Lorde Grey

Report

For Ellert

гу что

eight

luch

thish case will it

will adopch

to send the white ca

a se to

the Endname with an expression

of his Loraslips opercon

✓

25 han

quite

agr

agree with

te Comm's. It appears plain hat Mr Johnston ought to have the Lease, and I have chserved that the Military & Rival authorities have

from the beginning been

Lab

Hy so y

yoyons to my so we

11/52 st 2. my no to reach

рус б і гопирено пур аз дитя

busy boy so yo

very

reasonable in the Claims

were

disposed

to set

пр

2.2.18

RECE

0 0

NOV O 7

1843

Hong Kony

244

Vide to Sor A Wee/48 Pyt

olonial Land & Emigration Office

Lr,

November 148.

We have the honor

to acknowledge your letter

of the 10th Inott, transmitting

64.26 ayt wad a despatch from the Governor of Hong Kong, with respect to the present tenure of Lands in that Colony. -

Crignial encloomes pereunto Returned.

The Governor stakes that he has requested the principal European Inhabitant to give him their opinion

Herman Merivale ng

Board of

Trade

E.L.F

245

on the suggestion oford Rey that instead of reducing the Rents payable to The rown in that Colony,

which

are complained of excessive, the term of the existing Leases shoned be extended, or perhaps that the Sand should be granted in perpetuity. Hitherto, he has received

110

answer to his request; he states, however, that none of the Residents are

able

to propose any

means

br. which the reduction.

the

the Rent, desired by themselves,

carried renitaba

coned be

into effect, and desires permission to extend the

term of the Leases to such

as His Lordship shall

period as think fit.

This request is, in fact,

gromided

suggestion

Lord Grey's

and We presine ергенте

that the Governor shoned be authorized to extend

the term of these Leases

to inch

a period

ад...

the

himself may think fit, leaving it to his discretion.

whether

Board

Trade

E.L. B

eign

Vice

2219

RECE

1948

NOV S 7

Mong

246

に

Copy

to Sens, 6 Deephs.

Сору новой

No yoy of t Wee fa 3.

тр

olonial Land and

Fir,

27th November 1848.

Emigration Office

RECORD

acknowledge your

We have the honor to

letter of

57. 21 any + 1868 Governor of Hong Kong,

by a Despatch from the

the 10 the Instant, accompanied

herewith returned.

Orignal evelormes

Lots of Land by Government recommending

the resumption

certain

that

with the request of the

Colony, in compliance

Verman Merivale des

Proprietors.

ཀ༡

whether some additional Fee,

20.

should not be imposed

Grey, some increased Rent- as suggested by Lord

in cases where the Tenant fun to

perpetuity.

receives a Grant

Geant in

We have the honor to be

Lir

Jour védent

Reduin Rogen

Grumble Lecanto,

Hoffrendoch

4m N27.

Ice Lord Lay's monito nơi trong Kong

1.20 Iny

6. See

адика

virtual perfeturty

as at dingesture. Approve

Ging

ти пороче

I believe it is

agreed

best course is an extension of the term

cade

that the

but with regard to the length of that extension the Govr sent home the for Ford Grey's

I should doubt whether it

way

directions and

will be thought the best refer the question

back to hime

an endeavour should

or whether

made to select

some term ins

Coventry. I confer however I fee

unable

I feel

this

ally

thought of this might not appear abready

7.7.5.28/11

hould be. I had origina

Proprietors who

ang gest

Whet

but

any con Jungble concection

for 75

would

to 999 gran if desired. But I shall sucesors by Esharing these terms

very materially embarassing its I doubt whether Gorrond

I very much suspired if book is considued mey

parties who what.

their unte

сто

Ellish

Land Grey with adosch the

in of the Comitt to leave the

lension of the term of the

Leased to

discretion of

the Goon?

日

Board of

Trade

E.1.B

reign

Lice

247

With respect to

With respect to Lots. 148

63, held by Mess Zurner &C, and Lot 40, held by Mep's Mc Vicar H., We do not see any objection to their being resumed on the termes recommended by the Governor ; a similar course having ' already been adopted in

several similar cases.

With respect & Lot

With.

the circumstances are rather different. This Lot.

was

originally granted to the

late Mr. Stewart

аг

anmal

annual rent of £76.18.6.

The property

was subsegmently

subdivided into three parts;

one part only.

called

"Helen's Bank" being kept

by Mr Stewart. The Executors

now

of that Gentleman request that they may

allowed to retain this part

the property, on which expensive house has been built, at the reduced rental

of £19, being about 1/4th of The original dent. The Government resuming the remainder.

Board

Trad

E.L.F

Freig

Vice

bey leave to report that we do not see

any

objection to the arrangement which is recommended by the Governor, provided that the proposed Rent

of the

part retained bears a fair proportion to the original Rent of the whole

Lots,

original

# # #

having regard to

the value of the different

portions of the property independently of what the may

from any Buildrings

-have derived from my

or improvements made since

they were first-let.

We have the honor to be

onr

got frumble ferrants, Nothindoch

Resendogen

248

Boa

30 Nor

to the opinions of the Govt & comme in but take the opportunity of

Agree

Governor, cases,

suggested

2040,

these particular

instruc

that these resumptions

cannot be indefinitely continued. It was well enough to allow them when a Exrge

part of the Community

that they

suddenly

discovered had offered two nuch for their

lands, but it would be open to

1750. glaring

nuuch

objection

that Partes siöl

Right of

the whole have a

and

Gland

they pleased

yet inrrendering

any part of

when t

it might

وج

Lin....

447 N

and it adopted, the Land Board. approved, I would stretch a

dingly

and Fre

right to receive a copy ? 2.78.56/11

Am N35

suit their a

courte

ull'

で

Ento

Sir C. Trevelyou

Mr Elliot

Best 1848

W. Merivale

Mr. Slawes Earl brey

-7

+ Teasury 1534

249

14. Kurg.

Sin

6. December 1848

With reference is Mr.

Elliot's letter of the 18th of October containing

ам

explanation of the circum: :stances under which the Owners of certain Town Lots st Victoria and Hong Kong

had been allowed to

surrender part of their pro=

- perty and obtain a cor:

: responding. Rent, I

rencission of

are directed by

Earl brey to acquaint you

for the information of the Lords Comen of the Treasury ?

theat

Tra

that finding that this

system continues to be made

of, and deeming it spon

grounds objectionable

to various

djiction X

that

it should be indefinitely

prolonged,

His Lordship

proposes to address to the

:Governor the Instructions

for its discontinuance of

which a draft is enclosed.

Јасно

(Se rest of)

250

Colonial Land and

Einigration Comun

Goutlines

Des

6. December 1848

With reference to

your Report of the 27th salt,

on the surrender of part

of certain Loto of Land in

Sony Sang trọng,

I am directed

by Earl Grey to acquaint

you

that he

agrees

in the

have

opinions which you

therein expressed, but that

at the same time His

Lordship has judged that the period has arrived when the practice of allowing

these

Board

Trad

ELB

Freig

nice

these surrenders of parts of

Lots let upon Lease, should

come

to an end, and that be

therefore proposes, after Communication with the

Board of Treasury, to issue the Instructions for its dis =

: continuance of which a

Draft is enclosed for your information.

I am

Muscellers Offices

251

scer

ces

Bot

Tra

Meel.

Cees

Wititall.

Vidle to bor 186707 Oct 24/48

ندرک

1994- Hong Kov 252

General Dost office.

17th October 1848

1982 y

کا

I have submitted to the

Posturacter General your

letter

of the 5th instant, transmitting for

his Lordships consideration, copies

of a correspondence between the

Secretary of State for the Colomies

the

and

Governor of Hong Kong, relative to the grant of

land.

grant of a piece of rent free, to the Hong Kong

and

Canton Steam Packet Company.

In compliance also with your

request, I brought under his German Merivale Egt

...

Colonial offere

Lordships

253

Board

Trad

ELB

reign

fice

Lordships notice the proposition.

of Earl Grey that before making

any definite grant to the Company,

it would be desirable that some

arrangement should be made with them, in order to ensure the transmission

of the Government Mails between

chung đang

and

Canton on

Company in this Country, together

with a copy of the beport on that proposal which the Portmaster General addressed to the Treamy

on the 6th December last.

I have the honour to be

ر سنوری

Your obedient

humble Servant,

most favourable terms

I am directed in reply

transmit to

to you for the information

of Earl Grey, a copy of the offere made to the Treasury in November

last by

the Agent of the Hong

Roug

and Canton

Canton Steam Jacket

Company

Board

Trad

ELE

Greign

nace

W. Must

theat the repruestion teen the General & the H. Kong & Canton Steam Packet lis replete, but neither do I understand the P. Office to shiect to do not understand from these papers

should have the same ternes

the proposal of Lord Gray that the Company land they want at Honey kong

which a

ALO

of ground was granted to them June last. If dare right in this impression all that pisce

reymon of of ours in of corn and pu

glot 64

named in Lord Gray's dashb

ront on the conditions of the month of

Abs. 19act: 140.

My infusion

سال مسلک یا بیکار

lyu by

by the form ofrendary

tha desfaction

judy, wins

on this case; W

-366-721

HYNO

20/60

izb

Capy.

ко

In 19943 Hong Kong 254

To the Right Stonourable to Loras Cammessioners of the Trajesty's Lenny

Greary.

My Lords

your bustling

du returning to Mr Beanies letter of the 5th ultime

offering on behalf of the Canton Steam Packet Company to Conolly the Mails between Canton

aux

tang Rang, provided &. M's bosst will faciction the such an allowance to the

payment as

Company

as will remunera to them for

que to

Service, they leave

beg Lordships to my res

repor

15 Felting, on the en

Portab ar

the

refer your to of the

subject of the

anx to urge strongly

arrangements at Canton strongly the mic.

political yout

portance, in a

good come

view

estableiting

unication by

bong

Kain

theans bessels between

Rang

Account

and Canton without serbipulout regard to the Jon

Revenue to be devices

from

the Cortage charged on the car. respondence conveyed.

I do not however, Conside that the Government should.

pay

more than £1000 ayear for th of a Mail daily

Conveyance of

from each place at hours axaptex to the convrience of the Post Office.

How for

for it may

it may be expedient

that a Contract Shaula be

made with the Company represent

by MW. Braine, is a question which I would beg leave to suggest that the

opinion of

ирого

be taken, parke =

Admiralty men been higormed

cularly as

that the Peninsular and overtal

theams Rangation Company

uitend

intend to place a theam

255

Bessel on the lame line in the early part of meat Gear

shave the honour

(signed)

Clauricorde

General Post Office

6th December 1847.

Cappy.

fiss

In 1994 Hong Kong

Rayal Each : Bd.

13th November 1807.

With reference

reference to any

9th bust and to

to our

256

letter of

a personal

Communication of this morning,

I may bey have to wait on you

with

copy

M. Pitcher

те

agreement with the Ship builder, thus =

two bessels

ing the character af

building for

Sam now

9 for the hair =

gation of the Canton River and bewing that, by Contract

also

they will be

rea

their destication early ment gear.

ady to start for

As I have already stated to you, I learn by a personal interviews with Colonel Maberly that the Post Office is favourably disposed

sex to

an ar =

raugsment for carrying the mails by Steam bessels between Canton, and bang Rong,

C. E. Trevelyan

Treasury

as well as

the other

Stations

stations in the Canton River, &

I would n

Keregne beg leave

пар

which Grind

to enquire. d. The 405. would be

pleased to authorge a Contract to be made with the

with the Company:

to whome these two Boats belong- wiffy may be permill

ры

regard

might be

permitted to observe to any extimate which

made

by the Post Office, from luch

as to probas cource that the effect of

probable income Navigation

Steam

igation all over the Morld, has

nivariably been to increase post-

tal Communication,

more the

be still more

where in the

аид какиев

the case in China

207

by: consequently as calculation income founded

would be at all a fair approx.

Cystem

ca on the pres

imation to what might be reasonably

on, under the improved

counted.

made a

Je conveypue

may

that besides the advantages which

the proper to and

4. I1⁄2 bost and the Mercantile Community, both in China & Europe, will derive

regular

аидш

pom such

pom

Commu=

eproved com

nication, the Ressels being efficiently

armed aux

otherwise

equipped, will

materially contribute to the

suppression

The

and

present imperpet an unication by

irregularity comm

their

" Quiese Boats, many parties

own

Expresses, without the untervention of the Post. which they

use

of the Post Office.

would cease to have

any object in doing when Steam

Boat

may

running regular

Pirates with ot

Canton waters have been

and

long so much infested.

will further be, at any moment available to assist in protecting

life

дале Pase of

property

in Canton, disturbances, the dough

of which, experience thews to be

Considerable

Considerable.

As stated in

my last letter the

parties by whose order lave build.

these Boats have

ing

expectation

looking to the limited number Passengers likely to travel by them,

That same

that their income pone will be either considerable,

busceptible

та

h micrease, and considering the maneject public advantage which will arise pron their establishment, they hust W. In boot will be pleased to

sauction a for the

liberal allowanc

The conveypuce

and thus assist in

from Public Funds which is

of the Mails, eupporting Funds an undertaking

of general capable of being Mercantile

one rather

utility thaw capable profitable as a speculation.

lamy

Bsigner Senge & Bracin

}

Copy

258

Dimentions and Specpcations of

Zwolteams Ressels.

Dimensions

I but

Length between Perpendiculars 135.6

Breadth extreme-

Depth in hold

Roon

до

альд

Burthen

مل

Space in Exquire

peward & Agt. Teens 25044

Spenpection

-19.6

-10-4

Econ. 2

Keel. _ To be ay Eighth or American rock El 10 mis square, tapered forward

and

aft

as usual-

Frame - To be az Eughit dat

heads the length of the Engine Roomd & fitted into bor from thence

thence Forward & Afton

on a

parallel live with the Keel, to be

in Enquie Room at the Herl

sided in

Engine 8 wiches forward and Aft-quis- at 1st Suttacks 7 : Jouard and Aft Jine?, 2t Buttock, 7. Jonward ragt

twe

259

6: Jouward

6uis! 6 uns . _ 3rd Juttacks in perward Aft Owe : _ Loy Zumbers 6?, and Aft sind . _ Moulded at the middle live 8 mins & tapered regular_

Exquie

вка

suis

to 3'r mis, a

1 Gunwall

and to 3 iis peward & Aft.

Coochian tiff. To Lave 2 thakeray is mis, ay suis

And above.

receive

the

721⁄2 ts ends of the diagonal Plans Coques forward and aft the whaling Mahogany.

to have to thakes wis that Malcade agonal Hand to be speis

Expered forward & Aft to & uit.

Blackstrake of uns: 3 Chur shakies 3 ins, _ lapene preward & Ayt to 2% 2 % ins with a plank sheer suis- The whole

of East Indice Leak.

яс

To be siis tapered forward & Aft Rotton

to 2

2/27

down as

East India Leak as low

1st Futtocks heads, and

from thence to the Reel of American

Block Im. -

To be 3/1⁄2 mis East India Teak Toprider

. moulded

вий

Want to be a fuis theck in Exquie rooms and, & dit forward and Apt sittaport worked between the Floorhead

Haff, and Clamps, the whole as Bahagans a Seasonal, to be worked acros. the Frame Works 3/1⁄2 broad and 1/2 iwis thick from the upper edge head staffs. belange of shelf piece down.

Con

Beams

the

To be as Mahogany lixen puis, to the thelf piece hanging lever at each and

moulded bus dowelled batted

vice and an Iron

To be liked 10 uit omontare bris they Pain stemway to bery East brain tu

at upper exge and wins at the

Lower rage to have & Shakes of

Zins. Clamp and 1, 072%1⁄2

772/1⁄2 under

1.072/2

toxuna frward and Aft; the

tapered

Flole of Mahogany

santic Pure, in two thicknesses the under one quis thick and fartened down to the Beams

Floorhence

200

with Iron Spikes, and the a one parte and the upper ip thick fastened to the. one with caf

Copper

Renews.

To be sins by 4 mins

ሪ

Rock Ele.

To be

under

rings and Eye bolts, arming staw=

chions de nue

кожен

for sew.

necessary

of American Ach, Anushree Ran Capper. To be comper pastened

Rougher Rai

1/1⁄2 thick of dantzie Pine Perthing beay dantyce Pine suit theit.

to be witt

9/2

Crossed

and pitted between colliquis Rams

Room Bulkhead.

beay East brain Leak 10 in

Leak 10 mis equare Keelson properly botted through the Flours

and Feel.

To be of African Rak, in life & Engine Beard

bedirected by the

Form as may

Engineers properly bottell throug the bottom and clenched

Outside plank.

The

Mock to

to fit thems

Males to the any

heel, with the

ર

Immails, and the bottom Covered prone the 7 foot onark Anyonwards with

283 Copper theating as isumal with like bessin in St. T1⁄2 Senice,

Heelson faciers to be neatly enebory a cuthon

board &filled within with Saloon & Leaves Cabin Aft + 2 == class passengers Cabin forward; Cabin chefing Berths for Caplacin Afficers and Crew together with all pantries, cabooses, deck Houses, Nater clown, locks, tunge &c., Plumbers, Painters &laguers work as is usual with seminar Bessels in H. In Service.

To be of Mahogany, in lize

hagany, in bize and Pradle

bidirection

& spu

Form as may bexicctia by the Beams_

Engineers.

To have all hooks, Cutches Pariter & other knees as usual with bessels of a like gescription in 4. R. Service, together with all rings

Frow WorkBull.

не

To be fitted with shening

Remerar

shul

Zillar, Muialass, Quarter & Boati davits, deckseat, loader, Mast

Jards

Jards, Anchors, Jails, Boats, Pumps complete for Lea and

similar in tessels

lorry respect to

like description an

H. R. Lewice!

Есл

To have two Beams or side levers Engines

aud

of the Collecting power of Is horses with

wrought frow boilers gudgeon Crossbars & cafti.& as much of the pame as possible

que

shafts.

with Copper Commeg & Blow.

out

the whole of the very

best Materials & wor

& most approved construction. To be equal to any of adimiter Speed description in d. th.

Gravy,

and

certified if required to that effect by any Officer in the Engineering Department of that service

To be made at all times by any

all times by any suspection other Officer of H. Th

Dockyard, who

Builder, or

for that

purpose,

may heapponitio

aux who is at

liberty to regiet any gratenallon

Works =

201

workmanship, not suition to the purpose required, and to whom is to be referred all differences, that

"may arise in respect to tho

Constructio

of any of

of this Specizication.

the Chime whose

and w

on tho

on in coriting shall be buiding and Conclusive Parties Concerned.

Payments. One prostl part of the whole but for the Two Ressels, on signing the Agreement.

One puth

sel when the stali be in Frame part for each bes-

the Keelson botted.

Que other pourth Part for each Vessel when the shall be the Beams in the pick said.

e planted-

And the remaining founto put for each bessel when the chall be complete

for vered once to the groper pleson

Lea, and delia

appointed to receive her.

I hereby aque to builse at any my Dockyance

Fire

Vic

Boat

Trac

E.1

dackyard in Worth That in the County of heat for 47 Brance & on account of the Caution theand Packet C: Lis theam bessels,

in all respect, enth the pregoing dimensions and Specification, and to deliver the pit state to proceed any Agent or Agents

according

wing, in all

Love in a

to Dea, to

анка

before the t

receive their oud April 1848.

For the Cum of £20,500. Twenty thousand & five hundred Soundt-bigen) Wer Putcher.

acid

aquement being a correct copy

ние её

possession signed by

M. Mom Pitcher, Shipbuilder of North Glut in the county of text

part

the

nuxentals for my fulfilment of the conditions

Thereas so far as (signed)

they apply to me

George. J. Brain

ее

Call

H. Kr.

Extemal Ristepricks Fund

RECEIVE

JAM

Pall Mall

Dut. 30.1848.

PRINTED PAR PARA

Col: Ch: may 1057

me instructed by his prac

Authibi & Casterbury,

viour capacity of

Treasoning of the Colonial Bustofuck's land, to

informe gun Ludskif,

прип

Weit

202

ендиий

in asson to the exquinis

таталт

of you Lashes expecting the moment in what

фут

the indinmest of the Bustspruck of Hong Kong

از

203

is to be funded " _ that, we have a Capital Tus in hand or effecturally secund of 1g0ort and upwards, and that the Epercopal Committee In the Endrament of Colonial Bitefucks have sichord to appropriate from their Gesend Fund the own of rest per annums; sheit when added to the istiust to be reused home the sand 1900st with it is Lofood calculated produce

income of or about 1000t for.

crown.

to these mones, the tour a son of 2000t in Land to what we expect statty additions at kast equal imamennt, to be affled to the cuction of a Collage, of what the future Bistof is to be Warden and in shat he is to han a Residence-

Me umain

Izaddha

My Lud Jun

To the At Hertle

The Earl Grey

te de

Ludshipi obdrest Investr

J. J. Colidge

Wittel

ins Dawes

I presume that on this information the steps may be taken to found the pestored Bishoprice?

I myso adding

Hi Jan

Mut before

The first Bishop is affirinted I think it with be right that the endowment of the

see tht be legally secured-

[

264

Bo:

Tra

Jir

Lam

198 Patronage. [ Labuant

N.29

1843

265

10 London Road Lynn. Regis

26. January 1848.

Dhen inderd sorry again to ottrade

myself your

ри

nother after

after the hard hand and. Countions Consideration you gave my

formue appli

Cation the unable to Eatutain it in any way to mus

In April last in Sobeiting soare

a biti

advantage. Employment ander Nordeument transmited a -monial from the. Parveyor beveral of tong

chong trong had heislaid, and an that formed my

which

you Chick hope of sucues. in what has become com. mon Essential to me any auficty, is get more Painful.

Leannot. at all gratify

tanity but if you

unin

could place in

Ма

this impor-

titration

hday.

with the smallest Eriolument it would be.

Earnest Cadeavor to fulfil the duties and Comice

any gruttide._

hehe hum

蟹

Mr. Merivale

a request for couployment.

21.29/1

Am Jan 4

Bit

I have

быть,

I am connected with a family harming tonn. influence with Me Poroke Concal Gueral of Bornes whose patronage Ishould, with to-

solicit

might revie

you is a reference

Apologies, in the trouble.

Jir

your

Sauction to un thith the most Lencin

"(Than the honor to remand

Your most obedient.

and berry Hamble Otliph Storant

по опени

of complying with his with

Party

206

2301

RECE

1840

Hong Kore

Eryde,

Der 14

PRINTed for

Bouliament:

Cue:ch may 185

207

later the lituch of addressing you

at the instance of the Toris

tag the gospel,

the Julgest

for China

Got Her Majesty

and to grast he coment of th

establishment of a Wisht ju t

He then sear

ན

le Style, so bettz, bribf off Victoria,

the capitit. Off Hay long.

لمه

un derved but let an

"Adequat pond for the endrames of the

is in the hand o

Fisherie in

&& petitio

Lodrif

newpay stike te taken with a cin-f-

the cas

accomplishment of

This Objects, by

the creation of

the intended toe.

مدام

Gry

you

до показ ту

صه

the

Lorary

might bu

268

ier his opomnien,

противол

to proper at ome

take the necpany steps for the evation of a which the Seat shoved by King

Bishops

Kiny

See

lepon that comm Ирина

I hair ascertained that no

at the Foreign office.

моти

proceedings were take

I am unable to vabrict to your Lindshif

any report of the steps which

have brow

may

taken to avcertain the nature of the pervision

which might have have re

Colonial Binteft. Bishops

There Bishops were,

selected by the Committer for

for the last

палачуму

excepting, horror, the Bishop of

Bishopin

Melbourne.

The mode of providing would be to desine the

Inuni Advorate to prepare an draft

Patent for instituting

would weiter leave.

Bishop's

Letters

Se blank for the

Bistrop's parme, or insert the

10 Deca

Mor Merriale

"BARE"

Mr Louth

Was Sanctioned? Is it not weusary that the

to "ade to some of whi I am not aware

And there been any previous conserpon...

creation of new sees in the colonies what steps were taken to us certain that un endowment had been provided before the a pointment of a bishop

on this subject? The words theve under ach a seem In the recent.

• can be done towards creati Berhot and

Selected before anything.

A new fee?

This

has bre

9-191

cones ponderes

subject upon which then

the Archbishop of Canterbury

Colonial

taller

the

شهر

.....

between

amthi

the

Lord Aberden.

1045.

of July of

the months

that

рожено

محمد سمير

refer

year the R. of Canterbury

p of many of your that the Committee for Caterial Porshoprich,

An official

But before rong stats vor

forming the Archbishich

written to this letter in-

answer must be

2301

Amy Kony

269

had record promises of large

for the

Lud Stanley

not

когда

of mamay

t of the propond Sec

imbering

required for any

that the Bishoprich

oby cats

this Colomine service, refund the

Aberdeen, by whorn

Davis.

question

tion to Lord

med to die Ste

and the batter having reported stungly

the

Mr Gladstone

to b

Foreign Office in January 1846, stating

b the

that

vin H. M. to Awther the

ый

of the respond Berkshire for necessary steps for the aut

necessary

and

endowment - have been provided funds for the

but that us come Former

more in

difficulty

еки ч

вам

wronkering from what somey We volery coded be making

" of the new Bishopric is to be prind frovided for in order

Intifactory for arrangement for the payment of the suby of a Bishok after his appoint sment. I think that it will be novisable in the fuit misting

Arist

officials as informe

that no downt

A has

have been

may effectually secured.

exeit Mat

been effectually

270

720/10

Whe

th be pin to me

as to the

Thanner in which the endowment

This Grace

271

21. of December 1848.

TED

Cre: Ch: May 185

The Lord Archbishop of Canterbury

Forwandati

1848 Dec

aff Smith | 20 GPRWericale 20

FanGrey 21

My Lord Archbishop

I have the honour to acknowledge

the receipt of your

"'s letter of

Space's

the 14th instant,

in which

you

recommend that

the necessary steps be taken for the

erection

Bishopricts in the

Boa

Tra

Island of Hong

Rong

Understanding

as I do from your Grace's

Com

municatio._

to me

this

subject that found for the endowment of the proposed Bishoprick is at the disposal of the Society for propagalling the Gospel, and prepared

272

to advise The Queen to in-

stitute the

Bishoprick ; - but,

some diffi-

one

вос

occasion

culty perienced preceding in making satiofactory arrangement

payment new Bishop's

for the

salary after his appointment, I

have to request that your grace

will transunit

Arr

official

to me statement as to

the mannen which the

of the

dowment of

new Bishoprick is to be provided for, in order that no doubt may exist that

it has been

effectually

secured.

His Grace

что

273

F. of January 1849.

The Lord Archbishop of Canterbury

Forwardal 1849

M. Smith A MEMerivale MBHawes

Earl Grey

My Lord Archbishop With reference

to the letter which I had the honour

to address to your Grace under date

the 21st ultimo,

I have now to

acquaint

yyour

Grace that I have received from the

Treasurers of the

Colonial Prislop

ricks Fund.

طلعات

Boa

statement as

to the manner in

which it is pre- posed to provide for the endow ment of

the Bishoprick to be

erected in the

Island of Hong Rong, and that, upon that state- ment, I intend

to take the

necessary steps for founding the proposed Bishop-

ricte .

Before, however,

the fist Bishop

274

is appointed to the intended See,

I think it will

xte

be right that the endowment of the Bishoprick should be legally secured.

4020

Boar

Tradi

E.11

ice

جيد

No Cagive

bullteg

275

McCane Colonial Sherty

Boa

of Trac

E.1

yei

Pire

Dear Sir

+55 11 Nud

RECEIVER

MAY 1

Felry 1848

مصر

276

Having attentively perused:

the tréport of the Select Committee of the House of Come mond on our kommercial Relations with blunar

ørdered to be punted six July last,

ווין

perceiving

that there is a

great paucity of evidence on of this Government; I deem t

duty

behalf :

to subinct for your consideration) the accon

accompanying Hatement of facts,

coluch are so materially opposed'

to the testimony give... befar the Committee that it necessarily beames

W. 15. Mawes Esquire Su, 1?

روع کی

لوم کرنا

-ic

yonyw

kik

Boat

Trad

yei,

dec

a matter of much importance to

place you in possession of debuilt

sufficient to enable

ajou

clear and unbiassed judgment as to the amount of credit due to those interested witnesses whose

evidence has been lakew without

any proof adduced on Aliene part- to substantiate it: anai

many of the

afsections of these witnesses trave been borrowed from the offusions of Colonial Newspapers (one of the Editus like.

our love

many of on the Emopean

inhabitants is a puuaway from? Sydney / a live proceeded from disappointinent and initation

arising

a great aventure from

their never having been subject to

1110

contioul whilst in Pluna, prior to their settlement in this

Almy-

277

Colony. All rules of Government were

to such persons most irksome and

offensive, and

engendered a feeling hustite to Affions of the Ironment,

which fed by

the analicious and.

unfounded statements uttered

the Preps, led many

otherwise

upright and honnable persons to believe in assertions similar to those

Mess? Gibb. A Mathe sou

anade

and W. Scott.

The Houble F. 14. A Bruce,

General

late Colonial Secitary, and M. Sam! Fearowe, late Registrar Gouerat, & the former of whini was lately

England

land, and

lately in

and the latter is Professor

of Chinese in Ning's bollege Sonden but whose destinong does not appear

to have been entted for) could trave given

true and satisfactory evidence

opposed

Board

Trade

E.1.1

Freig

nice

1.7

278

opposed to that of the three

persons

above named, as well as to that of Mr Martin and The Neo? If Janish;

The latter named.

' gentleman

doubtless believed tumself to be afterting facts, for having like sthert

so often

heard.

reports

corts adverse lo

the measures of the Government of the Colony he would; scene to have given theme full credence.

legat advisers to the brown

and others recommended that neither

any of its Officers

the Government nor should attempt to prosecute for libet: here; because it was certain that

01.11

Stong Kong Sway could find for the Planetiff. I refer suore particularly to

Awr instances where I was most.

ombeans be prosecute the Editors of the Friend of China and "The Hong

Roug

Kong Régister for lebel against myself, and in each the legal

l advice was do

arot attempt it; ∞ verdict in your from is hopeless . "The English Law-against- libel of this descuption.

i v a

therefore

practically inoperative heves

Bring the oldest buil suvant of the brown in this bolony, and having

been located here from its commencement

jw 1841, most arduous and fatiguing

duties devolved upon me. I have oftes

for successive mouths patroled 3.

ard our

guard

in the week to

Mids

3 nights

our people from :

: Midnight Robbers, and

Pirates, and M

M. Fearon then interpreter and

afterwards my assistant has patroled

nights. I have been

the other 3

subjected to all sorts of contumely from

W bred, disaffected, and in many instances vagabond population, and

although

Boar

Trade

E.1.7

Freig

although I am thankful to say that

conduct has met with the

approbation of the whole of my superiors, the unpleasantness of my duties contrasted unfavorably with

a period of 28 ajours in which I

Sovere

wus

premously sewed my Sinugu a the capacity of a soldur. I may

I trust, without the charge therefore of egotism, be deemed of sufficient - standing and experience to form an opinion of the means requisite to coerce to good order those placed. -

and to be believed when

under

I affirm, as I now do ; that if it were

et er

tune to be similarly my misfortune to be situated, I should most probably

adhere to the same determined and.

stringent measures which I consider to trave protected the lives and property of the British public here.

279

W. Hitter the present Chiefs

Magistrale has had

equally hard

lash to personu . He has patroled

might after aught

lvet Aw nov mote

Soeure times; and I would beg

particularly to draw your a

hit

attention to

lus recorded decision, vide appendix

F. 011 ease

set aside

by the Judge,

when M : Hittier then Setz. Chief Magistrate was publicly informed rive Court that his decisim was illegal. On thus rccasion 14. Lawless puffians

and were

let loose upon the Colony. I would Ser, as one fit to

respicesfully ask you judge; 0

and discuminate on so harsh.

a procceture, if tus was the way support a Magistrate, by repredeating his decision in the presence of the while assembled mullatude : I hell you Ser, that the reproof nearly

broke..

]

Board

Trade

E.L.F

Freigh

broke Mr. Hitters heart, and if it had not been for the persmal influence I

exercised over him, the Colony would have lost a most zealous servant; whi

by this talent, and ability has rendered

hammself so perfectly

Chinese korengenge

conversant with the

that he is able not.

only to speak with fluency, but to

conduct bus examina

ations in bount

Clunese: He alsi scads and writes

the language with ease and

correctness.

Shee

only

other Banister

in the Colony when this occurred was

of & different opusion with Sudge Hulme, on the cases

· referred to; and when M. Holley Campbell was Acting - Attorney General the self same sentence was carried through by M: Hittier, at his instance. It remained,

unaltered and Judge Hulme found,

280

7110

· further fault .

1 for you

to be.

I am most antious for

informed of the difficulties under coluch

we have labored, and although

ive At

Frave fatten into

errors, nove many

may of.

them have arisen from wilful neglect

obstinney, and I

May you to bear mind the position of this Island, the

peculiare advantages it offered to Pirates

and Robbers, and indeed still offers, for

ate here

many runaways from the Chimese congregate here,

, as can be sherons from the - ummbers of delinquents anosted by us and handed over to the Chinese Authorties;

a small pair only of what would have been delivered over had all such requisitions been complied with : mineteuths of our Chinese subjects, and about love European inhabitants have been

one

half of our

most depraved condition, so regardless

Board

Trade

E.L.F

heigh

fice

of bush that circumstantial evidence has

been

to their duces evidence on

preferred to their

oath, and it is painful

to add that

these difficulties Stitt ebest; and must

continue, do

long as the people

чене скелет

in their present state of summorality

and total absence of principle.

I trust for thus eucuraching

upon your

valuable linie, as well as

for renturing to address you, quasi-

privately, on subjects of public business,

I may be pardoned.

pardoned in consideration

of the interest I naturally take in this Colony, of the position Soccupy; and of my desire to explain the

2. Subjects contained in the enclosed; with:

which

another person in

-person in the Cot

the Colony

be so completely conversant :

281

Jam Dear Ser

Your's very

obediently

Maine

Colones Funday

-1944

202

My dear frine

In reply to your

holt-bad.

its suclosure from torturs, Seams only afpers

his solispection..

seat

with

Lince I have been in China, hat mit with * pleaser that his conduct in

fullet

apportation Shave

hod-nutrons

ale woteins of otmring his gest. &

personal

fantifications,

of his sensissons with to obliges & person- mution hin who did not

und Shave never heard one

minsity vrchnt..

is sppointricat is groun Slot

Thope the rumors - of.

Sperates

losing

and tholla

M. Merivale. In 50, so far

Anal

ythe

Sie sehen.

the

· limited means of unformation want I was always of opinion the many of the statements made before the Committe of the House of Commons on thins Trade. were, as regarded the public Officons of Kong King, the conduct of affairs there, extremely loose aut prejudiced. And it would seem that Major Caine, who is a highly honorable & excellent Officer, comes a similar view. Davis has already / 599 Hong Kong, /599 Hong Kong / sent his descreations on Eindere taken before the Committe; but as they were addrefed to Ind Palmerston it rested with his Lordslief to decide whether they should be comman canviated to Paclita not- In the present case I support that of the Governan defence is not made public, neither can the be: Whether they should both be Laid lesse Part! deserves perhaps a further careful consideration now that the

Secretary's

question is submitted with greater

thes public

bright in consquince of Officers of high standing having

Made the Evidence the sulit.

through for. Dosham Davis

W-Haur

I do not gristi undestand in what shake this comes to vou :

: not

a Main Stadly who I understand with condut the forment like dir I rather conclude it to be inhorld. as a

Donkam

of their represcontation's

Gost AB. 2 May. 1840.

کے

hiivate communication?

In May 3.

Zubery

ry you

papay penny,

mess you may y group gap

}

I think that be have string public / as wild Initify that the peaceing

Private

claims to advausturut-

I shall ser to his bring naturalized my arrival in England and if it be popila I will get it more.

haste

(signer)

is a trus

283

L'in kenny Hottingers original note to Major (pice as written on the 19th June 18484-

Gourmmost émely

Victoria Hougthang

20th Date 1818.

William Fedder

Harker Master and)

Marine Magistrate-

like tots.

you may put this

note into Wrathur's hands so containing my

opinion of him in every respect

(Signed) $.80

Lositifs that the foregoing

His Lacetting the Henry Rollinger Bart. J., St. He

Lignin, faine

Chief Magistrate

Boa

Tra

}

Copy of a note from. Fir Newry Pottinger West Glo to mayor faces. respecting his opinion of Mr down. Abr

starbor Master_ written ow

The 19th June 1844-

Inclosure

B25.

in letter from Mr Lena.

No bys

of the 25th. Desten 18118

855. Hong Kong | Chi 11

WW 7

Observations on the Aplies of

Himnesses

284

ال تقديم

as detailed, in the Minutes

of Evidence saken before a Select Committee of the Abuse of Commons

appointed in 1847 to enquire into:

the state

or Commercial Relations

of our

with China se se.

ノ

It is here placed on pecord, that

Officers of Government have been

reported quilty of oppressine, and extortine; offences which if perved would of course ruin them. Yet Mr Gibb does not being forward one fact in support of his statements, made

Boa

Trac

E.I

Vic

arot even

does it

4109

the absence of the accused; does give his authority; appear that he brought the reports to the notice of any Colonial

Officer. If such reports did exist - I believe them to have been entirely

groundless as regards any Officer of Gwernment:

The Opian Farm was sold by No 694

Tublic Auction, and there was

great competition for st by European

and Chinese bidders, any person

could therefore obtain it who chose to bid for it; and comply with the condition of sale, which was simply, security for pagnent of the license duty. only protection afforded to any,

was

The

No 673

285

was that of the law as contained in The Apium Ordinance No 3 of 1845; and the Regulations dated 12 th duly 1845-copies of the Ordinance and Regulations will be found in

appendise A.

Regulations

By see: 6 of the

no de

seizure

can be

made without special Warrant

from a Magistrate.

Mr. Matheson / Since dead, and Mr. Suddell, at present an Auctioner at Victoria, were the Europeans who held the Opium Farm, I was then Chief Magistrate . M . Matheson previous to the sale brought a letter

my address from Mr Hexander Mathesm of the firme of Jardine Matheson &C. . I then expressed to

⠀

誊

Boat

Trad

E.I

Frei

rice

"Mr. Matheson

my opinion, that

No 718

he would not be able to escape

loss evving to the extreme cunning of the Chinese, shortly after they

had purchased the Opium Farm,

question arose, whether by the terms of the Regulations

restriction was laid on

ок

the retail

of Opium for exportation. I was

of opinion that there existed no-

Acase

such restriction. A case was

brought

ht on in m

my court, and

I decided accordingly - sec-copy

of this case in Appendix #1

There has not existed

local lasation for keeping Roads in order. The only

any

No you.

the

assessed tax is that for the

Support

dupport of the Police .

Acqui resides at Hong Hong

286

with his wives and children, and

holds land from the Colomal Government, paying

an annual

rental of £200. He has enemies

among the Compradors of English-

Merchants, whose interests are opposed to his om. If he were connected with Pirates therefore, it

is impossible that it would long-

remain undetected, and certain ruin would follow such detection. It may reasonably be supposed to be his interest; under these circumstances, to ressam from

such piratical conne seion. He holds bestemmials of character from

Captain

}

Board

Trade

E.IF

reigt

rice

Captance Elliott, through whose aneaus he was established here, and from the late Chinese

Secretary

Mr Morrison. Ste

accumulated his capital, not

Hong Kong, but while engaged as a shep comprador, by supplying provisions to vessels before and during the war . He was dessounced by the Chinese Officers,

and purchased for a large sum - the rank of Mandarin, in order to proteos his family from molestation . The only complaints against him, save one, that have

come to my knowledge

"my knowledge are those

in the Colonial Newspapers,

which ma

may

be readily

traced

チャー

+ Aequis not the Opciem Farma, but the securit

Lee

vo 731.

to the matter Merchants, and Shopkeepers, with whose pitty

287

dealings in opium, and those of their Compradors the trade of Aqui must- interfere. Of the one case that was brought to the notrée of the Invernment the particulars will be found in Appended C. Mess? Jameson :How sb. The complamants will there be found to state in their letter that "We know of no law- "either evil or criminal under " which Acqui is punishable for "the acts imputed to him or his "people". The reason of their complaint

as one

against Acqui is not therefore sufficiently obvious.

It is stated that a Chinaman

must

Boat

Trad

breis

must be registered after 24 hours

May

that

on the Island, and in 732.

man whose business will›

not occupy

him more than 10 or

12 hours has to wait for hours

at the Registrars Office, and finds it a serious mconvenience. It is difficult to conceive their

motive in

Registering themselves

when by

Law they

were exempt.

The inconvenience if incurred.

all must have been incurred

voluntarily.

lone

man does not rent the

whole of the Markets. At the time.

- gave his evidence

when Mr. Gibb

there were 3 Markets let to 3

different persons,

sous, now

now there are to

No. 845

Markets

Markets let to 11. different-persons.

288

The purchase of provisions in the awarket is quite optional with the

Meat generally, and Fish

purchaser

I believe almost always is sold in the

markets; other provisions are not exclusively sold there. Fish could

probably be offensive if sold in summer in the streets; but there is no prohibition

against such sale; dealers lake it to the Market from choice. Pack it

constantly sold by hawkers, and both Beef and Park are now sold

opposite te

there is no

Spring Gardens

Gardens daily, when

market; cooked meats

vegetables : so are to be found in great.

abundance in the shops.

It is difficult to conceive lno- a

duty

Board

Trade

E.1.B

reign ffice

duty of 14.4 in the

year, or

about.

halfpenny a day could have caused

the

great deal of distress among "Bextmen", this reply is surely it's

refutation .

: This reply is altogether erroneous,

Alere

never has been

any.

Farm of

mads

Fishery. All Fishing giends in

China where Mauding nets are

to the

crected pay a yearly duty Mandarins. This duty for the fisting grounds of the belony, it

cvas endeavoured) to transfer from

Yo 846

the Mandarins (who had no night + the Frohumu

to it ! to the Colonial Govenment &

"The

following facts relation to

are well known

Chinams property.

to th? A Matheson, yet he has

trade

Volunteered the

payment ! .

No 1943

289

made no mention of them: Chinam,

the only wealthy Chinese Merchant, who

ever settled at

$1.

Hong Mong, unfortunatily

died before his buildings were completed. His investment of anoney however, there is reason to believe, pioved & most profitable speculation to his successors.

The house and warehouses were

for a

Sime in the occupation of Europeand

long

who paid-say lugh rents for them, and

-occupied by a blincs trading

firme. A street of Chinese shops was

afterwards added and has remained fully decanted since at I believe profitable rents. Mr. Matheson has stated as facts coming within his

· Knowledge that the Police practiced various modes of dessanding" "committed

all

Boar

Trad

E.I.

reip

Mec

་་་་་

290

;

all

" of atrocities" "plundered " Boats and Sunks &'estoited fees of all

kinds under false pretences", I am

not aware that Mr. Matheson,

brought to the notice of

of any

Volonial

Officer instances of such misconduct,

all emmplaints against

ivere

the Solice

investigated as fully & s

possible, and volation of duty suot with severe punishment when

detected : but I cannot call to mind

any such instances as those

mentioned above,

tor 012

refering

to the Police Records can I find.

mine than one instauree

(484 of

1846) in which the Police were

charged.

with

any such offenses.

this case has Europeans

were

charged,

with.

- with extorting money from & Chinamar under false presences & they

were

committed for trial and acquitted at-

the Sequeme Court. With Junks conding Hong Kong

way

reference to

on their

to the West boast and passing

to the southward of it, a sufficient.

may be obtained by a

audiver nиал

to the map

where it will be

reference to the

seen that a Jack on

way from Cantin to the West Coast must depart-

her

from her course about 40 miles to reach Houghing, which lies that distance to the Eastward of her track and therefore need not be passed

even

sighted by her at all. The

Native Ion which Mr. Matheson asserts

sprang up at Qumsing

:moon consisted

]

Board

Trade

E.L B

Freign

Vice

of a few that sheds; and what he has

ed as an Hotel and: Billiard

designated

rated

Room was a small boarded shed. I

am not aware that buildings of a

more substantial nature have ever

been erected there, or

that

any ships have auchored there save the Opium Receiving Ships, and those blippers

that supplied them with Opium, and remained only so long was necessary to discharge the

quantity to be delivered there.

The buildings mentioned

by Mr

Hatheson as havin been abandmed

having

were in the hands of the

private

proprieta's when he gave his testimony The house of Mr Mercer was deemed so unhealthy that no person could

be induced to reside in it, Mr. Mercer and several others having died from fever supposed to have been contracted

there.

Mr Antheson stules that he

Gad a serious consultation about

201

abandoning his property at Hong Kong

and removing from the Colony. It the lime when he gave this evidence Sardice Matheson sC = were hulding

magnificent dwelling house, costing about $30,000, since completed, in the ground. of which he speaks; this would

appear incompatible with contemplated abandonment of it.

Wr Matheson Mates that each Farmer.

keeps up & preventive device for more expensive than the Government rent, There are Hire Fanners, the Opinus Farmer,

все

the

Boat

Trad

E.1.

the Salt Farmer, and the Stone Farmer,

only

has a

olle

these, the Opium Farmer

boxt for the protection of his Farm?

the boat inild also have been required

under mA

him to

acy

cucumstances le cuable.

convey to its destination Copium purchased at the farm.

The robberies alledged to have been committed by him will be

treated of hereafter.

Mr Matheson says that the

Opium Farmer owns whole streets

of houses which are rented as

Gan

Gaming.

"Houses se".

In the early days of the

Colony gaming

as they

houses ere tolerated.

are arou v Aux

were

Chmese

lities,

shough prohibsted by Law: Fray

bil

202

one who has passed through the suburbs

of bautou must trave observed that

gaming is there conandtex with

show of concealment. In 1844 however a Colonial Ordinance; Noth!

Searce

was passed enacting severe penallus

agamist gamblers; and there is not tong thong

gaming house

known to the police. Since the nactment of the Ordinance I find ly afcrence to the Police Records that 1970 persons have been convicted under it. Mr. Mathesons assertions on thus head must be consequently

erroneous.

Six Solve Davis tord his watch..

Holon from live by me of his flimete

sewants; but it was not returned at

a.M.

....

203

Board

Trade

E.L.F

yeig

18. The Opiume Farm did not

exist anhl the following year, 1843: see the date of the Ordinance.

The Opiums Farm was not the ruin of the European (there were

2. Europeans), who farmed it, indeed

Mr. Mattie sons Batement in

Yo 1949

Lie

was a arran without

capital and therefore had nothing

to lose

That he could get

redress from the Police Courts is also incorrect. In the Police Records Afered only 2 bases in which the European Farmer applied for the assistance of the

low to enforce thew rights; one is

she case

eade fore

forming appendix 4

already attended to. In the other

No. 1946

No 1989

Chinese was charged with retailing

License; he was

Opium without-a

convicted, and fined $50; on the

evidence of

one of the Furmers, and

others. Yet Mr. Matheson in No 1949.

gives a different account of the obstacles which led to the failure

of the speculation of these Europeans: but again

he affirms

in No 1950-

" that were these obstacles removed

the difficulties could remain .

Such obstacles alone

ivere

to account for the failure.

I am not aware that

sufficient

any persons

quolibeted by Government from

bringing provisions to Mr. Matheson . I think such a probubition in the

higlust degree improbable.

Board

Trade

E.LB

ace

Thus

answer may

be preved

No 200€.

sucorrect. A very small proportion of the provisions consumed are produced in the bolny; therefpe

the price of provisions in - general

suust be necessarily

vily dearer

dearer than

at the place of production by the

cost of carriage. But Beef is a s

cheap here as at Macao; and

Mutton " cheaper than at either

Panton or

Macar:

сало

"This is quite a mistake ; the

Population in 1846 was 21,835

No 2003

1847

23.872

"Three of the Marker · licenses

No 2012

for 5 years, not for 1 year; the fourth

is for 1 year.

The Ordinance for licensing Serangs. No 2046

204

( 2013. of 1845. was not enacted to prevent sexmen from boarding shere they choose ; but to prevent persons from opening houses for the express purpose of boarding Seamen without- the kunoledge and recognition of

Government.

No 2043.

The fee

Vo 2045

No 2051

marriage, is $5 art.

and

$50, as M. Matheson affinus.

There is no

blugyman of the Cluich of England at Macas ;, threspe

· unless she parties were married after the customs of the country which does not appear to be Mr Mathesons

meaning they could aut be legally

married there.

No boat's are

are l

requned by the

:Registration Ordinance ($107 of 1846)

Board

Trade

EIB

eign

ice

to be Registered, excepting those plying for here

here in the waters of the belong,

ying passengers between the

Colony and the neighbouring pats.

not carrying

All trading vessels passengers, all fishing

free .

boats

I am not cuvare that any

attack has been made.

te are

such

No 2057

}

C..

To beatman that I am

arvare

No 2058

of has ever been flogged at Hong Kong

for being found without-a

Whew

pass.

robbers, and pirates.

, No 2073

gangs of robbers,

flocked to the Colony for the sole finspose of plunder, the Merchants (and those who have given bestimony

among

the number ) their persons and property being unsafe, were

205

the first to cry out for adoption of sturgent measures for protection, and to impute to the Colomal Authouties, unbocility,

and undue fear of responsibility, of the seventy they propounded was thought mexpedient. Mancy plans were devised to prevent the resort of Colony,

bandoned characters to the Colo

as the

· growing

wil was acknowledged

all, and that plan was adopted by all, and that plac

which appeared to combine the

greatest efficiency with the least- expense ; & method was also required to identify persons who had been

previously convicted of serious offences, as the features of the Chinese were found,

particularily at first, to be

very

defficult to recogniuge ; the mode of

vire

AVPUT

296

Board

Trade

.1.B

reign

vice

swearing

the hair presented an

obvious method which was taken

advantage of, and identity was

secured with disgrace indeed to the offender, but without bodily.

haire or lasting injury. Aboliwa

گار

it to be the most effective and merciful punishment that

could have been devised, and

that it has freed the belong

face auxiy

from: many notorious offenders.

It has never been inflected unless

for serious cume, a in cases

where unusual severity was

bring of the

accessary for the well Cununity: the fortowing List is extracted from the Record of Police

exing pom the

cases, commencing

side Appendie

establishment of a Police Court siv.

May

1841 . to the present time, and will show

at one view the extent of the punishment- and the nature of the crimes for which it has been inflicted. Sai

et been inflicted for

110 case has

now registration,

The punishment of shaving the head

has been adopted only cic cases colier the offender had been previously convictio

Mawass-

and was a notorious character. A must-

chief Magistine, be remembered too, that for a long

timme the powers of the Chief Magistrate

arrant.

1 0 0 1 0

necessarily very great; and that

being

the only

his bount

Court in

the

every case curl or comminal.

bolong, every

was brought for his decision. He was instructed and indeed obliged

aw most

cases however serious to decide summarily

E.11.

and?

Boar

Trad

E.I

and the difficulties and responsibilities

he thus incured were neither few

for

: liglet

the rest were refered

a similar summary decision?

to the Governor for the time being.

of the botony.

List of the number of Offenders

punished by Tail butting 157 Being for the following. Offences

بار

1! (Princy, robbery, burglary

and assault with

intent to rob. -

Q. Rist with others armed

Rogues

and v

vagabonds

possession of house :

breaking implements

offensive weapons re

///

Brought forward.

weapons se for felvicious purpose

4. Retailing spirits to solding

being unlicensed

Causing notions dings to-

be taken with intent to

do bodily harm

6. Holding an unlaufut

Assccubly (of Tread Society)

and demanding money

with menances.

7 Perpiny

8 B

in a public

Being found in

ganung of fine

house (m default.

Assault of police

297

44 457

彡

in execution

of duty, in default of one 34,

کوک

Canned forward 224 457

for.

44457

Boa

Tra

208

Brought forward 224 457

10 Knowingly uttering

- feit coin (being also

counterfeit.

an idle and desordeeley -

persons

Laveen,

11 Larceny and knewengly

receiving Molcu goods.

-232

437457

2085

No.2090

The Appendix \ will show the

authruzed scale of fees levied u the Chief Magistrates Office from 1841 to 1847. A chinese tianslation of the table of fees is hung up in the waiting poses at the Qluef,

strates Court and a notice,

Stiageshi

also in Chinese,

Chinese, is annexed to the

Table, purporting that these fees are

Not 2084

oba

No 2106

not extacted in Criminal cases, or in

bint when the plaintiff is tos poor to

hay, and

requesting

suites to

pay

them, when demanded, into the hands of the European apponted to recouver them, and not to à Chinaman, in

order to prevent extortion. By the appondise it will be observed that the first table of fees, was in force only froue Souciary to July 1844.

I have

MEVA-

heard of such

case as this M. Matheson says it is 'n matter of aretruely (ane No 2002) yet he does not particularze : the

afsertion is to the best of my behef

117

er rou e cud.

he not

Salt- though

not landed at Hong

Kong in any quantity is frequently

not-

sold

Boa

Tra

sold there several English vessels have brought cargoes of salt from the Exst

beast of China, and sold them in

thus belony . An English. Muchaus

is at present pauctionbally engaged

in the Salt Grade here

It is Acited that the Auction

Duty prevents damaged goods aneving

ships being landed at trong Hong fu sale by Auction. A apperidité A in Sex : 2 of the supplementary muintes of Connoil will be found

au exemption from Auction Duty in

fawn of goods damaged by shepurch Hus exemption has been invariables construed to extend to all goods damaged by salt-waters; and

Jardine Matheson Hb: have been

No 2113

Yo 2127

et seg:

extensive vendors of such

such good

زمل

209

the

assections of Mr. Matheson cannot

The value of Goods

therefore be correct :

sold at Auction in 1847,

duty

wluchi no

تجھے کہ

was payable. , amounted to £23154. ared of those subject to the duty P10200

The Government has never levied

Lab

, a derived any revenue whatwer

from places of ill fame. In the

consequence of the

ear 18/15, in const

year

mereasing prevalence of disease and sive in that part of the Sown called Txi : ping : shan, which has been

notorious sunce the establishment

of the Colony for deeds of riotsuce and

violence

disorder, it was considered

some

persons desirable, either to endeavour

to drive away altogether the Females

ex:

who

Boa

Tra

who pursued their wretche vocation in that locality, and who formed the principal part of its inhabitants,

or lo devise some means for the

Shey

amelcoration of their condition. first resorted to boats; but it was then

found that munders were

and detection more than

frequent,

ever

difficult. A design was formed

volunteered:

of establishing a Sock Hospital which the Colonial Surgeon to attend. The prostitutes raised

by mouthly subscriptions (the

ANVIO.

mount of which was fixed by themselves) the requisite funds

for Medicines, Chinese Dockers, Watchmen; Nurses &, and hired buldings for Hospital . The subscuption

air

Wad

300

was collected and managed by themselves, under the Superintendence of the Colonial Surgeon, Dr. Dill : the Government had

further concems with it ; of these facts been coguizaut;

Mr Matheson must have been

they

were all known to numbers of

persons, and were adverted to in the Olina Mail of May 22 1845 Nott.

he was also aware that the probily

admit of

of Dr sill was too well known to

the supposition that he would have leut himself to any

scheme of the kind, had he not been persuaded of its utility. I know that-

Dr sills avotive was most benevolent,

He is dead, He would have been able thus subject...

to furnish full details on

After this measure had continued

יו-

PRINTA

ᅡ

Boa

Tra

301

in operation for two mouths, it was deemed proper, in consequence of

: malicious reports, put forth, exaggerated.

and distorted by the Edito's of local '

newspapers, to discontinue to

countenance et; several persons visited the houses of ill fame for the express pecpose of eliciting. from the wonnen all the information

that could be obtained, and the

kuowledge

thas

plus derived came from

living under the protection

of Europeans, and who particularly

belonging

objected to certain bothels bele

to them being subjected to Medical examination. I am informed that she prostitutes still support the Hospital thus established, and

that-

No Wo

No 2204

that a private European practitioner

attends it:

Mr Matheson paid no Police.

Rates . In consequence of the distance of the Establishment of Jardine Matheson $ 6. . from the Town of Picciria proper, and the number of private watchmen there, it was exempted from payment of Police

ear) 1848.

Kate until the present year

The Farmer by but Aquits retros

any vessel without

any

wanaut 9905 "t

2205 A

pass is not required " 2210 I shuck it it an abuse " 2211 " not sauctioned by laie yet 2912 the Government clothes num

his

with authority to board vessels, it is : puvilege as fanner _. The fact is that a fanner could never

a part of his

bound & vessel without a special

legally bourd a

Manaut -

Gaia

Board

Trade

E.L.I

Freig

fice

Wanaut. See clause 6 of Regulations.

· Xppendix B

Goods are cons

constantly

landed at Hong

No 2311

Hong, and warehoused there.

The best explanation of this is the

case itself as contained, un apsi

ever

peceded B. This is the only exse of aileged abuse we brought agruist the opum Fanner. The Captans was not fined, but the Attorney for the defendants threatened hum

with a

Civil prosecution for false

imprisonment.

The defendant

were tried at the Supreme Court -

and acquitted ; they affirmed that the charge had been falsely

made

by a comprada named

Wong Asoo, otherwise Lin tin Jack

No 2337

6718

50 2340

No 2369

302

in the imploy of Sardine Matheson =

The Merchants seem to have strangely

supposed that Aqui was the Opicor "

Farmer, whereas Attai was the famed

and Aqui simply me of the sureties for the payment of the licouse duty.

Itus policoman; paid by the farmer, was allowed by the Government under the quipressions that he would effectually check ingularites.

lacities on the part of the

farmer, and he was provided with copy of the printed Regulations

The

incorrectness of this has been

before show.

may

The value of Mr. Matheson's evidence

be tested by companson of his statements when actuated by conflicting interests . This comparison is afforded

다

Board

Trade

E.L.F

fice

in some degree by No 1943 already

commented upon, in which it is said.

that Hong Kong "would inevitably have become a place of great trade

← see below) and the statements on

p: 385. where in a

Att

from letter proue Sardine

Matheson 16: 4 others, Hong Kong is represented as totally without.

Courmerce to be held rather as a

Military and Naval station than

place which under any "'encumstances can be expected

To possess

an extensive Trade

If further Mr Matheson's brilliant. statements of the natival

as a

advantages of Stong Hong place of Trade, such as at No

1943, that nothing

can exceed the

303

advantages of its harborse. It would

"be

a cential point for the whole whaling

" hade in the Pacific as well as

for the

" general commerce of the East ranging " from Singapore to Ixpan, and thence " a long the West coast of America to " Cape Now including our Australian " Colonies, the Phillipines, Sumatra,

"Savo so; x

сер

export for Sugar, Cassin,

· Camphor, to wluch

maxy

becomes

one mest flourishing as well

" as valuable possessions se be · compared with the statement of Mr. Montgomery Martin No 34908 "Hong Kong.

rrever

• could become a Commercial Dopôt

- it is insectable for a Colony" "Hotally

inefficient for the protection of Trade

a uretched spot No 3909 "no Depôt

ad:

ند

Board

Trade

E.L.F

pice

" is likely to be formed at Hong Kong

" for the purpose of canying on trade "

"410

3993.

"there

never has been

respectable in habitant on the Island

ajes

in noon he proposes to constituite

them

" indeed is delusion or a

304 deception to talk

of stong King becoming a Commucial "Emporium", and so forth, - such

conflicting declamations unsupported by facts are valueless.

the Clinese inhabitants

No 2871

whom there never was as

among

respectable person, a petty Bench)

et seg:

also at page

1152. "Whatever braide

" will be cavied on here suust be

" brought by adventitions occurustarices

" and will last a cease accor

se according

乡

" accident .

" Hong Nong has nothing

کھو مجھے

" in its position to concentrate. "Commerce", "There does not

appear "the slighest probability that under "any discumstances Hong Kong would " ever become a place of Trade, It is

indeed

Mr. Smith here

asserts,

that the

opnine farmer and his partner

are the only opulent Chinese settlers, and that they obtained then wealth at Hong Mong

there

A ve v C i lo

aud in No 2872. that

opulent Chinese before

the opinn farmer. As all the other Witnesses appear to have been under the impression that Acquis was the spium Farmer, et

may reasonably be presumed such was also Mr Smiths impression . "Here

therefore

}

Board

Trad

ELF

reig

fice

therefore i

we have a sequence which

nust seem manifestly

-manifestly inconect

every person who resided in the

Colony previous to the establishment

of this Farme, voz. that Néqui

became opulent only after such

establishment, which wasio

July 1845. The fact in question

of sanatt simportance, but she little dependence to be placed

on such evidence is shown

this and numerous other

instances that must occurs to

every attentive reader of the.

minutes.

"Lung Afå spoke with great No 2876

indignation of the textment to

which he was exposed at Ang-

"Kong,

305

did not apply it to the Police:

" altogether", he was ne

nearly

ruvover

" a horse wantonly, this seems suall evidence on which to form an opinions of the misconduct of the Police . Ine opposition to all the assertions of the inefficiency of the Police, we find in page 427 Sii Solin Davis speaking of it as a

body

whose

efficiency

has bee

lly admitted; and whose

"generally admitted;

Juretection few are wewwitting

enjoy:

No 3387

I should

say that the driving

"away of respectable Chinese is

"attubutable chiefly to the Police."

No 3388

"We have

rever

had any

respectable Chinese in the Island,

Mong

This

"this is only

one

of many such

contradictions. No Chinese of a

Board

better class

Trade

E.L.F

reig

Lace

than

present

shoptexpers have ever · migrated

to she belong, but these remain

with us, therefore it it to be enforced

that sheni pemaining is profitable

to themselves.

3 3

Invertlict that Investigated $10.9991

this case to the best of my

ability

but I cannot find any note of it among the Police Records. A

conclude it was not of sufficient.

consequence to be recorded. It is

pincorrect to

say

Aliat monotic

was taken of it. If the Comprada was reprimanded I must have considered him deserving of the

Nos 3639

3645

No 3661

reprimand, and in such

306 acase the

opinion of the . Magistrate would seem

preferable to that of a prejudiced person.

Adequate resour

remuneration was given to these, as can be proved by the

Records in the Land Office. The object- of the removal was to secure a

great

Public benefit by the improvement of the central part of the Town in

health, appearance and rest: ctability.

The measure was

s generally

approved of by the residents; and-

011000111

say

with brush that

the expected benefits have not been fully realize.

This is incorrect. Chinese shopkeeper

are more numerous, and their shops

are much better stocked than formerly:

but

Boat

Trad

E.L

Frei

but few Chinese Houses and those

in bad situations are do let, and

anany

aune have been built and

recupied since Mr Scots

gave his testimony. : and it may be added that some wild speculators have over built, and the absence of profit by this act of felty induces

them to cavil at and find fault.

with Government.

sny

M: Scott is the only person to

knowledge,

1, who ever discovered

such a

prejudice; if Registration be highly offensive to them and repugnant to their prejudices / M : Gibb 732 says that Chinamen " have not the slighest objection" "to Registration)) then must the

laws

No 3668

307

laws of bluna be likewise so; for Stanton's penal code of China Title

Fiscal Laws pp. 79. 80.81-

Registration

rules will be found munch mine

shringent than

any

enacted here.

No 3646 Sec 7344 as to the object of Registrations

No 3684 No person has been punished to

" Kunoledge by corporal punishment-

This has been already proved

" for simply

MOU M

registration)"

No 3689

they

incorrect -. If Mr Scott Secu

saw these

probably felons under

sentence by the Supreme Court;

men

whose hair is cut close shaved

by prison regulations ; and in

Such case

on their

they could not have been

way

to the flogging post;

as the punishment of Flogging

has

not-

Boar

Trad

E.L

Fei

not at all

any

time been inflicted by

the Supreme Court.

I never heard of this case: the

No 3699

however

facts linvever can be readily

ascertained in England by

reference to the then Registrar,

Professor

of Chinese in Kings College London

Mr Fearow, who is arow

Mi case bière

eferred to witt be

Yo 3701

3702

found as appendido &.. The facts relative to the Inquest these.

are

The Corner, who was invitediately afterwards dismissed for his misconduct, sureptitionsly obtained the depositions before Magistrate, read parts of them to the Jury, and commented

the M.

in abusive terms on the conduct-

308

of the Magistrate. I belive the

- proceedings the Inquest were also.

021

published in the Friend of China

he ver

newspaper verdict of the Eng

given under the directions of the berma was clearly contrary to evidence), and was quashed; as I am informed, on that account. The Gadge

daid

that he reversed the sentence of the

Magistrate in the ground that for

the offence in question

question a punishm : of 14 days imprisonment (without- labes! or a fine of $10 was provided

Colonial Ordinance. No th of 18475

Sex: 12, and that consequently any excess of that punishment was illegal.

The Magishate urged.

02.1

the

other

Boaf

Tra

other side that the offence did not-

come within the meaning of the

Colonial Ordinance, as it was

ananifestly a case of felonious possession provided for ly

IV. § 83. μder which the

prisoners were

5 900.

wrs wvère punished, and

that the Colonial Ordinance) was

not intended to apply to cases of

The Attrinicy General

this nature. The

was then absent; but the present Acting Judge, who arrived

subsequently and acted a s Attorney Gew, has supported the Magistrate's opinion), and

he Magistrate by his advice the M

has continued to apply the

English Act of Parliament,

not with.

· "7

No 37766

No 37.36

309

notwithstanding the decision of Judge Huline. Mr Scotts authoilies for

These misstatements are microspapers

and a letter!

The only Farms that exist aro those abrendy mentioned, and they

are sold by Auction?.

These assertions have been refuted

abvie. There being to Markets held

by different persons there ancest

probably be computition".

wtition. Gloverun

would also have added be the

number of Markicts if such

extension

avere desired, and

persons were found witting to accept-

the management

Aenus.

No 3739

Ion

on reasonable

This is a most unfounded assertion,

the

310

Boa

Tra

The nature of the Fat has been

already explained).

The feet on the Registratio

of bouts are fixed by schedule ly

Ordinance So 7 of 1846, and an as

4 5998

follows,

Large Mst-beats

Middle size Dr.

$10 pan:

کرد

Smalt

Sam paus

General

Vo 3907

"I think the Atorney

and myselfre" this a most

crroneous statement.

Mr. Martin here evidently confounds the Ordinance for the

Society

the Grind rever

suppression of the Friad,

enforced, with the Registration

Ordinance; the proposition of branding

No 37475

No 4002

on the check had

with Registration

not seem to be

no connexion whatever

Mr Martin does

aware that British

Soldiers are Fundied for desection)

tions are folatly

These assertions

are

opposed to facts Security of life and

property has wilimut doubt increased.

and in histound there is

nothing-

to complain of in this respect.

If the Municipal system

of Clima be perfect, how is it that the Impure, and the province of

Riwang Sung

in · particular, is

infested by bands of robbers. In the neighborhood of banten they

known to plunder in open day,

x70

and on

The West Coast they

daring .

are even

There it is a constant

Boa

Tra

E.!

DE CUVIence

that houses and more

frequently paunbrokers shops are

robbed of a large ausount of property by gangs of pobbers who set the

Inshorties at defiance.

Ivese are

the mistatements.

that have chiefly

attracted

have been

notice : doubtless many

passed by . The evidence abounds

with contradictions.

In venturing

to make these

observations, I evould not be supposed

to give it as

opinion

that all..

the assertions of so many witnesses,

with some of whom I was on towns of intimacy, and whom I always

considered honorable men, are

entirely groundless ; probably many

abuses

- abuses existat that have escaped my

311

notice; all that I urge is, that there has been such exaggeration, that these measures have been adopted-

for the general welfare, and protection

the inhabitants, with good faith

and the best intentions; that I

leave striven to the utmost of any

fiviver, and I can say the same

of all the Officers of my

late Depart:

ment, as well as of others of the Government, de rectify way

Heat has come

abuse

snowledge.

jand

that I leave always head, and

continue to have épite of much

calculated to abate

ardour, Mie most earnest desire for the prosperity of

the bolony; believing that by forwarding.

ی است

the

the interests of the Colomists I shall

best fulfil the biomos able trust that-

has been reposed

Tri

me vos one

one of.

it's chief Officers, with love to her

anost Gracions Majesty, and to

the satisfaction of any

conscience,

do:

Wlonial Funding

点

in 855. A kory / Chinia)

312

Chief Magistrati: (ffien 204 April 1846.

Before the Chief Magistrot . Case Nr 286..

Ayaong.

RECORD

boatman in the employ

Opium Parmer. Le

X 2 Tohing, dr:,

·2.

Zut.

Nney to

Atai, de Jung Atai, di Ison-

Acharng. To and Se Kohup, des charged with robbery with arms in the Harbor of Victinid=

Luis Barretto Broom states. I am clerk

board to Romanjee Hormnajie in behol Mess Jardine Matheson

On Friday lask

147 lipid the 174 Instant about 2 Offleck, the bout of

prisoners

Came

had

alongside with two other Mines to purchase ofinem. & Amall just whiel bet been anchored actern of the ship.

got under weigh

لیے قمر السلام

-igh and steered for the opposite

Shore- the two inen

men were

by prisoners who imme

the Surall junk.

Ship

chase

left on board the thi diately went in oben Esaw her chreing

Qui

***

313

small

not see

Idis

clothing.

junk over to the bowling shore. Std any thing of an attack or pobbery....

board

About 5 öfleck, two Chinese came on, the ship and reported that the small jantl had been robbed by the prisoners boot the beerved prismers boat

next morning

of the Romanje

ajie lent

the shore at for- Korn for, and the maste sent his boat and brought her alongside the ship . Specognized the prisoners to be the men who were in her the day before. they were afterwards delivered to the police - Ido not know why the

over -

k r k w

small junk,

row away

when

they saw prisoner

boat, but I imagine through fear of being Aqueezed. the best wa

the Bomenje

passed

Reized as she found

on her way from Bor-Mer for to the town - Ro the prisoners bout belongs to Aqui of the opium farm. Dimmaginét tel

the

men

of the junk

Know whether an

perc

that

afraid. I do not

any of the Stobe property Chasing

Chao.

found. I saw Cherny beze branching the prisoners boat ._ The broker named des

Pintin

Dack tolk

120

that the

11. had been robbed

w junk

of three pistole, a piece of craps, and some

clothing

he did not state the amount of loss.

( Signed, Luis Barretto

Charry beze sworn status. I came here on last to purchase a chest of spinum. I board the Bomanjee by the broker

-Spitay last.

was taken

• Aoor, and paid for

told Shad

7214

to go

one

chest of Malwon. Kerr

to the opposite show in the

and

jurna

engaged. promised to send the

Opiner to me

Iwa-

in another boat. As I was under

weigh, the prisoners boat chased me and brands

my junk when I

I got to the opposite show. My

robbed me of 12 covide of crope, 6 pieces of Clothing 3 cloth pockets, & pistole, 3 pairs of large basket, all valued about.

shoes, and one

fifteen dollars. =

( The witness being a Ho Ke mar,

finde diffiently in understanding him, and Len Asher is called to interpret.)

The property

junk by

was taken on shore from the

me and my

zuen,

and we

were

followed by the prisoners on shore and the

articles taken from the prisoners to Agoing and

shore. Precognise

and Le Achup whe

took

took the articles from is, the other prisoners were with them. the articles were all put in a

basket and carried by Young Acharng

if my

Firen

the

prisoners did not attempt to

beat no. I do not mean to

Day

that the

prisoners branded the junt at all. lifter the

returned b

を

property, they

went

prisoners took on Monghong and Jand

Znen

to Cowloong - The boat dengaged.

ver

le serall fishing boat belonging to Cirling,

She had

Ну а что

Isung Charry

s. W

bond...

sworn states - Pam servant

the last witness. Frame over

over with himm

帆

Friday lost to purchase opium. we paid the

money

the

to the booker and went over to the

to the opposite

ед

shore in a bout we had engageds are observed prisoners boat in chase and as soon as got on shore, the prisoners all jumped

on shore and chased

Bcarried a large basket with clothes and other articles which

was taken from Iwas obliged to drop

I was chased, I did not see who took it _ the prisoners said they wanted to search

So you

episom.

314

for emuggled s firm, and if we would not let them see, they would kill us.

no and

до

we ran away.

this

frighten

the prisoners did not

board the bout, they did not offer to

Assault no.

they

were all armed. (Corrobonatio the last evidence as to the articles lost).

Wharng Asze being

Asze being questioned states.

The next morning when prisoners bout brought to the Romanju,

her, but could not

was

Iwent and searched

find any of my property.

Case remanded._

Aigned, W. Cand

2.12.r. April 184. Case resumed.

Fam.

Chern Yoong chan sworn states - I am

a husbandman at Cheem sha teori- On-

17th. Iwas at work about

or u

the

about this

time ( the watch being looked at, it is to fact 12.) when four or five

paseed

me at th

distance of about 200 Croids. Isen abent

twenty

other

Nun

following them with men ran off acro

fifter the first four or five

Arms.

айо

315-

༣ ་༤

the others followed. I saw two of the.

take

Iner

basket which the other men

dropped, and returned towards the beach. Seould not recognize any of the

Cannot de

whether the prisone I

the number . I think Jean

rner.

تم مجھے دے مجھے

Recognize

the

Complament - The distance from the beach

to where the basket-

dripped

Wis

bout

where I

the distance from the Magistraef, w. ben now, to the Queen's Road. Sar a bout

lim

-near the

the beach but could not day scription of best it was. I did not see

either

land from any

party not count the

New

others. but I believe they

number._

here

Veung Moze

were going

farm boat.

over.

landed

were

chased by the

on the opposite shore,

and the boatinen landed with arms ands

chased

A12

it was then about

bear

recognize the prisoner Achup as one of the

who chased

men who

them. Sand

A basket conta

no,

there

were

about ten of

Carries

man named Le Aven carrit clothes, shoes and three

ertaining

pictole which

dropped

we wer

running

away and the prisoners took it away with

what de.

them and

land

bout

new,

bost-Idid

pinenit of the

farm

but when

were about 20 in

sworn states - Sam servent

we come over

in the employ of Complainant,

the rifth to purchase opium. A broker board of an English ship when

took us on

my master paid for

told

до

one.

abeat the brother over to the opposite shore

And he would send the opium aften

Jan.

we did not

the

breakfast.

gave up pursuing the opposite to get away from

but to get

out

eve saw them land and chase us.

take our property.

they said

said they would take our,

Le Asen sworn states. Iam servent

over

in the employ of Complainant - Same vou with

master from Cowloing

17th

on the 17/04 board

my my to buy opium - we were taken on English ship by a brows Neer, and my master purchased

chest of Malin -

broker

Ame

The booker said that the people of the ship

were too busy to give us the Opium

n thea

but

but told no to go

to the opposite shore and wait there as he would send the opine

we neared the shore, we

tone. ho

the opium farm beat following

hve

landed the men

observed

10.

after

of the Jarm bout landed

told them

said if we did not

habe

give it

afraid

with arms and said they wanted to search no for smuggled opium, none, and they up, they would murder us- we were and van away leaving a basket containing Mother and other things behind which Jand the last witness had been

4 been carrying - boatmen took to their boot- there were about

this, the

20 of them. Scould not recognize any of them. this took place shortly after the midth of the

Wong

caine to

Asor

moun

the day

sworn states - The Complement the 17th Instant to bery opeinen. Stook him on board the Bomanjee, having tried the opium, settled and paid chest of Malwa ._ The Complained

for

one

lee, and

said he would not take the opium

that

day, but that he would come the next

4 day

for it - he then got his boat under

weigh

- at this time, the opium farm bout

Came

316

along.

- side the Bomanjer to buy a cheet of opium .

As soon be the men saw the Complainents bost, went in chase of her... The officers of the Ship acted me

if the Complainants had ang

they

thing in their boot, I said they had not. They

over to the opposite shore. This

chased the bout

was about 3 P.M. A little before 4 P.M., the Complainant the opium farm boat men

inant came

again t

to me and said that had robbed him

Sreported

vous clothes and other article. Preppe the circumstance to the Captain of the Romanje- and the next morning

ners were

morning as the prisone

A s

passing in the boat. the Captain Lad her Seized. Sacted

Interpreter to MiCoater the Master of the Bimanje. the Complainant searched the prisoners boat when the workingen. but did not find any thing. The priorners all denied having robbed the Complementin

Lum Apoor proen states. I am a bration On the 17th Instant the Complement and four other mon

bout at Cowberry engaged my to bring them to Wonghing - they told me &

Tre

317/

до

to East Point

and

alongside of a lost which they pointed out - A man went on

R an longlish ship will them where the Complaiment paid for a Chest of opinem - the Complainant

told

INI

to sail over to the opposite

was tri

Captain of the ship him the opium then. I got tailed across, a fact boat with me, she had five Ilanded the five

Defence

The prisoners being asked how

bend

earry

the-

busy to give -

weigh.

under

sailed in

or six

In en

and

company

pulling,

men at Cheem sha trooi

and the fact boat which was in company

with

bay

me, went sound a small point into a where Handed and I lost sight

near W

of her, I then went back to Cowlsong.

could not recognize

recognize the bout again.

I know that the prisoners

her. The five

ren

were

the

not de

inen

whom I carried over,

had a booklet containing

And two or

come clothes

ето

We sailed

three small gins- together. No words passed between the men in the two boats. If any word had passed Imust have heard them, she did not - chase but went abreast of no.

they

wich

their defence, state that they wish

the prisoner. Lo A yerng to speak for third Me... 6. Motorgung appears on behalf

P. Metorquey

of the prisoners..

As Againy

он

etates. I and the other prisoners

are in the employ of the Opinion Farm - On the 17th Instant, we trok hos Chests of Patna to East Duit to deliver to a salt junk - afte

we went

doing so.

alongside the Bonangel with two Clerks from the Sharon to purchase a chest of Malira Opium, we observed four

ven

with two brokers.

board the

five Bomanje bargaining for Opium . the mon

went into their boat and sailed

we had not

away.

gone very

inspected her of having smuggled opium, and went in purenit, for when an English beat fout off from the Bonangel ofthe no-fering

the Captain of the ship would be angry with us for giving chase to a bout that had been alongside his Ship, we gave up the Chase and steered

for

the

י.

the Opin Parm in the Lower Ragner which we

Bazaar

reached at /1⁄2 past 3 P... our bout is a small fact bost . The next morning having been to the temple of

Soo-Koon-pro, hailed

to and

we were re

ere returning

us and told

when an Eaglish beat

Co me

they ordered no to

the Bomanjee -

deck and our

We knew it was

to.

did

go alongside

the Captain ordered us on brat

was no use

was Kept alongside .

to refuse,

as the

lish boat would have seized

English

boat

was searched all over

數

Ohr

by Complainent

and some of the sailors of the ship... Any opinion is that the broker Wong Nem- who deals in opium with bratmen, has brought this charge against

And

away

st no so as to

with the Opium Farm Guard beeb

bout

thereby enable him to sell opium= small quantities with impunity. - We

board the Ship until

were detained on

about four oflock when some policemen come and took charge of our boat.

had

breakfact that

not allowed to

laccar

move

morning до go into

our

tu pa

are

were

boat.

ded no, and when we mond

For lassers guarded

موقر

318

again...

The...

to walk, they pushed no back English best contained seven- Enghit Mon-

Signed, Se Ayarny

Case remanded . -

(Signed, W. Maine-

22.08. April 1846.

Case Mr 2860 resumed.-

Luis Barretto is called and

states. A Brother Lintin Dark

A questioned

Who

moking

some

bargain with Complainant to sell him so opium . I supposed it must have been for one cheet as we do not allow any quantity lis

Chest to leave the ship. The opine

than one

not sold to Complainant, he did not pay for it.

Joan

culy suppose

that they

went

lar

77 from fear of the Shard Boat - The prisoners

bout some alongside the Bomanje to punchner Opium. Ketween one and two oflock, they left two mene on board to buy the opium. Isaw the prisonus the bows of the Complainant's Coats- I did not see theme board her. The opporternity

boat

was

cross the

favorable if they wicked to board her. &.

}

Tra

14.

next morning Frok

Pack

the Complament and Lintin

been

came on brands, and Complainant stated through Linton Dank that his boat had bew boarded by the Crew of the Dast boat. About sent from the Bomanje

8 block a bout

was sent

to seize the prisoner's boat by orders of Motectin

Crew

mew, and the Sunner

Edward Crates, the master. The boats

convicted of six Manila- of the ship who steered her. Mr Coates told the Gunner to

seize the boat and

да

and

bring her alongside, which he did. As soon as the Bunner got alongside the Past Boat, he

the crew

went

were detained

board of her and conducted her to the ships.

of the Past Boat were ordered on -.- deck of the Romanje. and detained on board by Captain Conté's orders. They from 8 Oflock in the morning nutil about 21/1⁄2- when policemen The ship's boat was . under command of Francis Seers the Cunner, It was through the interpretation of Linten Suck and Afron that I understood the Complément had

said that his boat had been boarded.

wen lame.

The Complainant searched the price and bout. but I am not aware

that.

any of the property

said

319

said to have been stolen, was

found

[n]

bound of her.

(Signed) Luis Barretto

Wong King sun sworn states. On co-

the 1st- Instant Incent in priorner's boat to a Sunt at too. Koon - po and delivered two chests of - Opinn toker .. "We then went alongside the Romanjee, and I and another

deck to purchase

man went on

a chest of Maliva. It

was then

very long

towards the

about 3 oflook. Thad not been on board when Sobserved the Past Boat cailing Lower Regani. At about 4 o'block I left the Romangue with a chest of opium, and when I

arrived at the opium Farm, the prisoner's boat was anchored there ._ When the fast bout, first left the Bomanje, her hedd was in the direction of Cheem the terri, but she afterwards turned towards the Lower Bazaar - Idid not observe

other boat

netr

the

aay

the priemer's boat, but as

towards the opposite

was

sailing

prisoners bost show, an Auglisch bost put off

the-

from

about &

Boncengur after her... When the fact boat gelaten, half carofs," the changed her course and soild

thaight

Bo:

Tri

straight for the Lower Bazaar. The ship's

سر

bout seeing

her alter her

course, returned to

the ship. When I returned to the Farm.

Aaw the prisoners in their boat. I did not

Speaks to them. _ They

must have been at anchor

some time as the Mat awnings

were al

Spread out - Under the circumstance of the direction the fact boat book, I should consider half an hom

to the Lower Bazmer.

a good passage

The could

I do not think the Opium Farmer would. Keep the prisoners in his employ if he e not trust them.

( Signed, Mong thing bun

Amoon sworn states . Sam

Lerng Amon

Verry-brahman - On the 17ft Instant about to pact 3 oflock. Swas

my way from bout

Cast Print to the town when prisoners

overtook

me,

Ave

Kept company

until

came to the Mentral Market where Sparted

and the prisoner's boat continued

Company, and the

in the direction of the Lower

the Lower Bazaar.

overtook me

about 100

the

yards from the

"Bomanje" on the bowtrong side, but new

nearer

towarder.

towards the town. (Witness is requested

320

point a distance . He does so, which in the

opinion of the thief Magictiole is 400 Garde Ipict thered the firiemner's boat alongside the Bomanje. Idid not see her chase any

Paid boat. I did not as the Complain a até brat, or

the prisoners.

any bout

nar

(Signed)

Complament acts no

Wern Ayon

Sworn,

مجھے

Witress track.

Witnesses

questions of the britious

stater. Iwas

from Cheem the terri in

in my

returning

my Perry bout on

the 17th. Instant - As about & past 5 when I had got half, wng acresß

way

far-

the harbor,

seiling

in the

I met the prisoners boat which was up the harbor towards the Lower Bazaar. I first saw the Fast boat sailing direction of Cheem sha teori . Then she had got half way across, the altered her and sailed up

the harbor, and shortly after

we met together. There

sailing

near

were

about, but I did not observe

Course

plenty of boats

acy

sailing

the prisoners' boat, as the was

Boa

Tra

E.I

The

in the direction of them sha koi. Swan-

soning from the opposite shore. the prisme,

boat did not touch the opposite shore. If

she had. Imust have seen her .-

(signed) X

Witness Marth.

Compleuvent states. On the

the morning of

the 18th Iwent on board the Head Salt- - weighman's Boat at Cast

Boat at Cast Point to see if I

could get any tidings of my property . Que

of the

bound told

men

не

firefer to the

Achaong is called into Const; Complaines Cart page.

states that he is not the

had

money

any thing

been taken from

me.

MAI

an)

that if .

else, it would have

Ireported this to the

Captain of the ship. Dould not recogings

the

man

again

вам

Signed) Witness Mark

Case remanded._

Aignet, W. Caine.

April

April 23rd 1846.

Case Mr 286. resumed.

Jee

321

Richert Edward Coates enron, stabil Dam the Commander of the Bomongue Hormigue On the afternoon of Friday last the 17th when I came

board the ship, Lintin Duck pointed out to me the boat of Nequi in chic

of another Chinese trat - They

were within

chass

about forty fathoms of each other. Acqui = boat troying to "out off" the other. that is not sailing directly after her. Splaced a Lascai to watch their motions, and went to dinner.-

After dinner, the prosecutor and others camer on board, and stated that the prisoners hat robbed them. They said that they has

with a

escaped

portion of the articles in their boat, but that the prisoners had plundered a part- of what remained on board . The proecutor that he had fought with one of the prisoner.

that morning. Svow the trat (boquié) pass the ship. Isent

bij

to call her

alonguide Fordered the Aren on deck. Frone of the Chinaman

------

Boare

Trade

ELB

reign

21.

examined the boat. Swent to Mr Matheson

who advised me

Luestioned

to apply to the Police offin.

stioned by Mr. McSwyney. Attorney

for defence. -

Sunew that the

one

bout was chasing

view

the other becauce having from my fixt on of them judged that they

they were.

Ssubsequently

saw the pursued boat alter her

course

steering more in shore, and a corresponding deviation made by the

by the purening best. Whit

Confirmed

in m

opinion.

bout, which

Swich to and that Mr. M. Gregor the

Inspector of Police told me

a person then in his

custody

that he had the stolen goods.

and the

Monday that

had

confessed

mentioned

were commined by the Chief Magistrate in

this point )

The boats were near enough at first to

Glas

be seen without the aid of a Spy bless.

Signed, Pellatio Rebates.

Francis

Francis Seers eworn-

322

Gunner of the

Bonenje Kommige (unimportant).

Lo Awae. (Witness for the defence ) - Accountant at the opiner Farm. I have know the prisoner six Months. From the paper which I now produce. (produced) Sam of opinion that opium is sold

board the Bonanjer Hormuaji :

in smaller quantities thaw

one

chest. The i

paper allerded to is to the purport that

curable

opium is procura

and that 20 or 30 men

good

board the above ship,

should club together to

Chest as they

purchase a. Chest

by retail.

Prieb.

cannot purchase

(Signed) Lo Aren

The Risoners

are committed for

(Signed) C. B. Hillier

•

Assistant Magistrate of Vokie

Turn ove

Board

Trade

E.L.F

Freiga

fee

Friefen & Pes 18.

Tuesday 28th April 1996.

Before the Chief Magistrate..

Examination of Chaong Acheong relative

to his teowledge of the property said to have been stolen in Case ho. 286.

states In

Angl. M. Greger dispector of Sibie sworn sequence of information resived I went to the defendant Chaung Acheong's bout Sunday the 17th That at about & ifleck and

acted him ift de tinew where the property which had been stolen from the Compt Chaong Aeze in the above case was-

be said it was not in

his boat but that he would go and show

board my book

to the town I acted him

where it was.

he then

and on our way

where La.

was going.

Le ther

be this caid he did

not know any thing about the property-

con

Le spoke to

me in

good English.

3: sequence

323

of his prevarication I derved it right to tatte him into custody and

bail for

afterwards look his appearance in the Sum of $250.

(Ligen) &. dr. Berzer

Sederick Hoods sworn states. I was in

company with Mr. M. Inger on Sunday the

19th and when he went on

much on board

board defendant

سنگ

Chaong Acheong's boat & followed keine - he acted defst if he had the I pistols, and

wearing apparel.

apparel on board his book which

Lad been tatter from another boat. the

offth laid in broken English that the property was not on bourd his book but that he would go with him and

and show him - he came into the boat which we had

the

and Mr. Mr. Fregor

Site Suger then went alongside th

Bomanjes" with refst I do not know whather defôt showed M. M. Gungor the property or

noh.

(lyn) Suswick Word..

Defendant

F...

Board of Trad

ELE

Freig

ice:

dant stakes. Where the Inspector

(Defenda

fendant

Cave

board of my book he acted me about

Corve

clothes and son

and something else which I did

not understand by the eiges he made with

his hands it was som

thing about a foot

long, Lasted live what Clothes and he

said some

thing about Abye's boat. I told

kim that mine was not Algé's boat but offered to take him to the place where the was at are how. I did not there throw

Louve

that she had been seized. I understood that the Suspector was looking for clothes in Atya's boat. I told him that Iwould show him the book and went with Line for that purpose...

(Signed) Chaong Acheong . -

rjin

Marine

او

葛

Board

Tra

ELB

fee

in 855 #Kong | Chines

5.14 Kory /

By His Excellency Sie Hunny

Pottinger Bart,

Majestys

Bart, Her ell

Centiary

Minister Plenipotenti

charged with the Tronment of Stong Kong.

Periding Hu Majesty's

further pleasure, I do herety constitute, and appoint - you

ས

William Caine Esquire Brevet-

Maja

324

and Captain in A4 10 26th or Camermeant Regiment of

to be Clue Magistrate.

Infcentry,

of the Island of Hong Kong

its dependencies : and I hereby

and

empower and require you to exercise

- 20a April 1946.

Av. 2′86

The Queen B

Robbery with arms

Ayanig &ers.

Witness

Ssung

Le Ascen

Chum Fasze

Seung Chaong

Chaong asze

Luis Baretto

Wong Asoo

Shan

ха Личае rea! Woods.

Hugh Mc Gregor Na Ear Coptes.

Wun Ayow

Laong Amoon

Lumi Jepoon Yong Ring Jun.

authority

Tre

authority, according to the Sours,

Customs and usages, of China

as near as vir

as may

may

be, (every

descriptime of torture excepted) for the preservation of the peace, and) the protection of life and property,

over all the native unliabitants

of the said Island, the shines

and labors thereof.

And I futher authunze

лед

and requine ayou,

in a

accy

case:

where the crimes, aven

acending

Chinese Laws shall involve?

punishments of such degrees

of severity as are included in the annexed Seale to remit the cuse for the Judgment of the

head

of the

Grvemment for the

time

being :

Seate

325

Imprisonment with or without hard

laber

fo Penalties

mone shian six months.

en allies exceedi

exceeding . 4100 Dollars Cuprial Pinushiment exceding

100 Mokes or Lashes.

Capital Punishment:

And I do further requier

you ex all cases followeds by Sentence, or infliction of punished.

to keep a record co

conte containing, a

briep statement of the ease, and

copy of the sentence).

And I further authorizes

and require you,

to exercise

Magisterial and Police Authinity

hatever

over all persons aliatives (other

shan

Boat

Trad

E.I

than natives of China dwelling.

on the Island, or persons subject -

to the Mu

Mutiny

Act or to the

general law of the fleet, who

shall be found convenitting breaches of the peace on shore) port & dependency of

any

this Island or breaches of any

regulations to be issued from

time to time

this Govenment-

to the customs and

according usages of the Butish Police Law?

And I do hereby authorize you for the Police purposes, hewin besse specified to arrest, detain ;

discharge, and punish such

offenders, according.

eviding to the practice of General British police

to the principles &

Law

- Law, and to inflict on any

such

326

Offenders, Corporal punishment, to

the extent of thirty six strokes or

lashes, when

you may

consider

that mode of punishment called

for ly and appropriate to the

offence.

And all persons subject to the

law

-Muting Set, or the gunnal lou for the Govenement of the Phat;

Fleet;

found commetting pelice e othe offences, shall be handed over to their proper Military superins for punishment.

And I do further authorize)

and require you

to detain i safe

custody any person. found committing.

سو

whatever

ithin the

Govern

ללו.

Boar

Trad

E.1.

Hee

Government of Hong Kong, cumes and offences amounting to felony xcending to the Law of England;

forthwith reporting your precedings how in, and that grounds then of, to the Heads of the Government for the levie

being

And I further authorize and require you to investigate and Du

Ammmarly

to decide all

claims for debts, not exceeding

the sum of Fifty dollars, ove hundred and twenty five

Rupees, that

may be brought.

before you : investigate when so

and further to

your

when so brought to

notice, other claims for

debt

327

debts, beyond: that amount, and

not exceeding - Two hundred Dollars or Five hundred Respees, but referring, in all cases, such large claims to the Head of the Geven : ment, for the line being, for instruction. And I further

require you, as oftew at you

1-necessary lo

may

deern

confine deblois, with the view enforcing your awards, immediately and specially to report such decision to the Head of the Govemment.

And for all your lawful proceedings in the premises this

Warrant shall be

your sufficient

protection, and authority :

Given

ven under

List of Prices

hand and

seal of office at Hong Kong

this twenty fifth day of April.

in the

agents.

1842.

segned Newry Pottinger

By the Chief Superintendent charged with the Tovemment. signed I Ret. Murison

Acting Secretary

and Treasurer

A true Copy

Weeton

por.

nol. hail

Pricee

Charged.

m855. Whony 6 was /

328

A Statement of the prices of the principal articles charged to the Foreign Consumer = by

of Provisions

the Campradors at Canton, in the

Articles.

year, 1847. vig

Unity Prices) charge charged

" of Prices in the Central Market

Hongkong __

Articles

ild duck (large) - ove or prigion Haloes.

coa.

weet frotatoes

eh frestid

gar Candy in Paoder

Do Do

You

reen peas. hite Rice

де

antaine

fur. Northern.

Paisius. billies

andles.

Write peas ..

@ per 17/3 the

1/4

Bread.

Beck

each

3/2

car bayes

locoe

Carrols.

Flour

quols.

Fruits

Selluce.

194

要

1/4

173 th

Rice

1⁄2 #long

Catty

12.

Picul

Cally dogen

Carty

Milk Mutton

Onious

Pork & Porkfat. Potatoes

sucti

Sugar (course)- -Do- (fine sweet potatoes Yame.

The prices

are

the quart

Catty

02 16

12.

Freul

Picul

quoted in Spanish : oilars and Cents . The fricul is 1333 ts: and the catty is 13 the avoirdulivie,

but this

cally weights of the Compradores selon éxceed

English Found.

in 853. WKE

Mina!

Dees of Chief Magistratie Office from May 1941 le Beauber 1847.

Sterling

fel

329

Year

a Mouth

Boa

1841

Tra

A......

1842

1843

1844 January -February-

March April.

48 63 3 40

477190

May

June July August. September. October

4160 2095

145

3 25

150

5 20

herdellar

November. December.

January

700 25558

کی کچھ

1845

February

4 25

March

725

Wilson April.

May.

875

June.

250

July-

750

August-

700

September-

875

October

975

November.

3751

the Suwit December.

£17507

725 8175

--་

Board of

Trade

E.1.1

Feig

Vice

Tus of Chiq Magistrates Office from May, 1841 to December 184 7.

Year

Mouth

1846 January.

February March

April. a May June Sulv August.

·September

Cets her

Novamber. December

5 23

3.00

1 25

в со

4 75

5 50

0 50

77254

2 2.5

4 25: 577 48

Sterling

Goremment, Notification.

Kees

330

رسم

The following table of Jess to be taken in the Chif Magistrate's office having been approzed, of by the Exocetency Governor in Council ar published for General information -

tremment House Victoria

Hong Kong, 18th Junecary 1844

order

(Signed)

Prichard. Weesname

Table of Fes to be tature in the Chief Magistrated for,

Lees

Cases

of Thespass to person,

11 19

the

Office, in

or in immovable property.

1847 Jamary

February- March

April_ May June

July August. September

525

6751 77 50

8100 14.441 625

12 25

Dctober

875

November

975

December

400

98 19

20 917/2

Warrarst to apprehend, before

Summons Served

After Summons served, 89%efendant not appearing in time

Tummans to every witness

Every

}

case called on for Enquiry.

Swearing of Every witness Every order of Arbitra

Arbitration or

Deciding Every Case

Compromise

"Warrant to seize Goods

Ponudage

the

- per

N 2

6.00

رحم الكبير

cent on Arsount levied.

Sable of Les to be taken in the Chief attagehat's offer.

in cases where the sum

claimed.

of not more than $900 is

Summums

Summons ....

Wavant to oppulinna before summons served.

Board

ivery

Trad

ELF

ice

Utter Summons served, and

Defendant not appearing in time } -

Case called on for Enquiry

Mitness

Every Every Witness

Sweasing Every

Every order of arbitiation or Compromised Every Case decided

Warrant to seize goods. Prundage.

In cases

One

$ cts

مریم

影力

410

دستم بالرحيم

کے وسیم

per cent on Unsount levied where not more than 450, is claimed, one and whow not more than

half of the above Fees,

quarter thereof.

one qu

N° 3

than $20

Sable of Sees to be paken in the Chief Menginteater offices

swhere the amount clained exceeds $200.

Summa

Warrant to approbend, before summons served

After summons served, and Defendant not Oppearing in time

Jumnzons to Every witness-

Every Case called on for Enquing

бе

Every order

Swearing every witness

Every case decided

of Arbitration or

Compromise

Warrant to seize goods

Frundage

me per cent on the Amount levied

Read and approved

Comple

approved of 1904 ?

$ cts

2.0

0.0

0-0

In Council, January 14th 1844

}

phound 1 R. Burgass

Clerk of the Council

b D

0.0

Comp M

Government Notification

331

"The following table of Fes to be takers in

the Police Magistrate's office having ben

of by His Exellency the Governor in "Council is published for general information

uppuved

Affining Magistrate Seal or Signature.

Administering an Oath- Summers

ons and Service Search Warrent.

Wanant of Distress & execution thereof_ Warrant of Amest and execution thin

Celenial offer Victoria, Byerder

15th July 1244

Line Copy,

4 ch

1.00

W A Bruce

"Vigned) W. Caine

Chief Magistrate

نگ رحیم

Board

Trude

E.I. B

Beign

Pice

Boi

Chief Magistrates off,

Table of Fees

کسو

in 55 Whone.

N 239

Sin

Colonial Office, Victoria, pe

Hughing. 46 May 18450

kong

332

Inforvating has been giver to this Excellency

that Acqui- who

The Govergoe

is Concerned in

love

Ofuum faren, interfares reith the trading Junks that anchor in this Warbour, alleging that be abou is licensed to deal with them in piume in whotion be purchased;

it ma

quantities it may

are in

and that vessels

hime

His privilege, rebirt consequence driven from the harbour..

"Excellency is ready to

to give

every

at the same

proper protection in enforcing the privilege which he holds from the Government, but at the time he is equally determined not to allow bime to pervert it to purposes for

purposes for which it was never intended, and which may materially affect the trade of the Place . __ Wes Excellency, honfor that you

will institute an enquiry into

general requests

there

and report the Consolerin

cation, and

the truth of the allegation,

the which your

Come tw

Chine

फ

The Amorable Major

the subject..

She

Board

Trad

E.L.B

She

complaint has

has been made by

Mess?? Tanrieson How & C2, and it will be well to request them to bring forward.

any

evidence they may

have

in its support.

have the bosses 75

hover

reign

Vice

Comp

Lagi

Boar

Lederick Piqued) Frederick W. U. Bruce Colonial Secretary

}

Gentlersen

Chief Magistrate's office Victoria, 5th May

of a

12hs

Commununication

from the Nevorable The Colonial Secutary, Iam

instructed to refer to

May possess

Made

you

by you

you for any evidence regards a Charge

Sagui, for interfering

against a Chinese mamed, i

with the Lading Iunds that anobor in this Harbour,

that he alone, is licensed to deal writh

alleging

them in

lium in

be purchased .

in whatever

quantities it may

und

consequence driven

that vessels are in

from this Harbour

driver fre If Thursday

be convinient to

weyl at 12 o'clock will

day went

you to produce

produce the ovidence

in support of the foregoing charge, Inill summon the parties connected with the Opisene Farm to appear here at that time. that the matter in question may undergo

Meess? Jamieson New & C

Victoria

Strict

Boa

Tra

+....

ation - Should however, the

Shiot investigation

you.

day I shall

[

you may appoint;

hour I have named not suit be willing to adopt any

time

puvided it does not interfere with the public

Service

I have the horror. 88

(Signed) W.Caine. Chief. Mergistrate of Police

I may

be Farmer is

as well to remark that the Attai and not e

Acqui

thium has been

enoucously stated -

I have the hover $ &

The Hourrable FW. A Bruce

Colonial Secretary &&

Victoria

Signed f

W. Caine

Chiefelbagistrati of Sotice.

Victoria 1th May 18s

"We have the honor to acknowledge the

Setter of yesterday's date.

CA 29

Chief Magistrate's office

Victoria 5th May 1845

Sir

wept of your

the

Opicem

Fammer.

In consequence of your

communication & 239 of the 4th instant I

addressed Setter

N° 28

Yesterday to

Moss ? Jamieson Hew XC and now have

the bevor to enclose for the information of > His Crettmoy The Governor, a copy of the reply from Mess : Jansiesen Won &C, this

How day received

selating

to the alleged undue influnce excroised. by Sygni,

and inviting the production

that in the

evidence before you . officially

In uply we have enly to say absence of the vessels which his people niited we do not see how legal prof is to be clicited,

The Wenerable

Major W Caine.

"Chief Magistrate

Hough

obvious.

though the farts of the

Case are see

sufficiently

ના

the Colony.

Board

against

Trad

E.L.B

eign

nico

Chinese witnesses, resident in dare not venture forth with

evidence

a man of Acqui's character and power of intimidation, and such European exidurce as be addward would not be technically legal

before your

tribunal.

вс

Auvever lamentable it may that the interests of the Colony should be so -

une

we know of no Suw, Civil

Materially prejudiced as they

by the pium

Minopoly,

Bon

for the acts impected

hime, or his

וי

Criminal, under which Acqui is punishable

people, and

"being perenaded of the fatility of the proposed

stigation. We decline.

Magisterial investigation.

You

decline giving the trouble of entering into it.

We have the houve to 400

Jansieson How

Signed) Sunvisor Here 20

Prisoner

1.24

Chief Magistrate's

"Victoria 22nd April XE.

Before the Chief Magistrate

Case N. 32%

335

Chenny Arran

Charge Charged with Breach of ofsiune regulations

uddell

sworn -

States

Greige Endwall. Opium Farmer supre stores

Janner "My charge against the prisoner is for appropriatin Shop x 259 for the retail of opium in less growtities than 1. Chest.

John Waggett private of police

were se

sworn states

I was colled by Compl. this morning to oppulend some chinese who were

setting opium without license. I went to the house of prismer and saw almam in the shop with the soll of shinm

was a chest

now in Court in his band. He told me that had bought it for 16%. 4. and there with 30 Bolls of opium in it. Reduces mmey, and popers regarding the sale of the ball of fium The board now produced in Corest is

produced in Court is the one Stick down from the Front of the shop : "Ying tree" setts Patua & Malwa Opinum in small quantities this shop only selle to Strangers, and not to be used on the Istaine

Bo:

Tra

Defence

The Ball of Opium which I sold this morning was to go to Toong kom if it was to have been used here I would not have sold it . I asked the person when be

the shop where he

intended taking Tring

Koon.

came to the

the opium,

Decision

and he told me to

Cure dismissed - prisoner realeased

336

Compry

}

Extract from the Records of the Supreme Court of Hougkong .

MAN. 1

1946

Michaelmas Saturday the fourteenth day of November 1846

Term 1846.8.

337

In rê Cheung Apeon

and Wrong Afrong & return to the Habeas Corpus be- Mr. M. Swqney moved that thes

filed, but a proper retuon not having been made (the trit being imperfectly served) the Court ordered the prisoners to be remanded, and the return to

Wednesday the 18th day of November current. Mr M Sisy ney Shyney

then moved for Writ

ma de on

of Certiorari to be directed to the Chief Magistrate for production of the depositions taken in this case at the police Office,

-Granted .

Michaelinas Wednesday the sighteenth day of November 1846.

Cheung Asseon 13rought up on

Habeas Corpus Hong Aforng S. on the Motion of Mr. M Sogney The Court ordered them to be discharged together with the other prisoners in the same Warrant, having suffered all the imprisonment authoused by Ordinau.co.

Certified Extrust

Rollern das By Registrar of The Supreme Lowes

مان

Victoria by the Grace of God of the United - Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Queen, Descudex, of the Faith.

ཤྲཱིཎཱ་ཤ་ན།

338

Ho James Collers, Keeper of Her Majesty's Gaol Greeting

We command.

you

that you

have before our

right trusty and well beloved John Walter Hulme, Our Chief Justice of. our Supreme Court of

Houghong immediately after the receipt of this Writ, the bodies of Cheung Asseon. and. Wong Afrong being detained in your custody- under duress (as it said) together with the day

of their being taken and detained by whatsoever name the said Cheung Assern and Wong Aforng may be called, to under and

and cause

undergo

I receive all and singular such things our said Chief Justice shall then and there -- them in that behalf.

consider

off au

cerning

and concern

have thew there this Writ

and that you

Witness the Honorable John Matter.

Hulme

at Victoria the 11th day of November in the Teuth spear

our heign.

(Signed) John Walter Hulme

　　　bxecution of this mit appears in the hedule hereunto-

In the Supreme Court of Honghong

Babear

cmexed

(Signed) fas Collins

Reepen

Corpus

Schedule

339

I James Collins, Keeper of Her Majesty

of the

gaol of Hongkong in the writ to this schedule annexed named, do certify and return to Our Sovereign Lady the Queen, that, before the coming to ane the said writ; (that is to say / on the 28th day of October 1846, Wong Asson and Chum Asson - (whom I believe to -- be the perso Cheung Asseon and Mong Afoong / were committed custody by virtue of a certain to arraut commitment, the levor of which is as follows.

Hongkong) To the Keeper of Her

of co

rsons named in the said writ as

to wit

or his deputy.

Receive into

Majesty's Jail of Houstong

Custody the bodies

your

in their

of Yuen Atoong, Chun Ayoong, Chun Azee, Low Aman, Chaong Achay, Muck Manshing, Wong Afoon, Leang Aen, and Chun Asson.. this day by me convicted of having possession a quantity of arms and gunpowder with intent to use the same for a felonious. purpose, and of being rogues and vagabonds without any

me aus of subsistence, and adjudged by. me to be imprisoned with. hard labor for the term of three Calendar mouths from the date hereof, and thei

ostensible

...

HOT ROTULI

imprison and keep tohard labor for the said term of three Calendar months; and for som doing this shall be

your sufficient warrant Given under hand and Leal of Office~

this hocuty eighth day of October in the

thousand eight hundred.

year of our Lord,

bue

and forty six

(48)

[Signed) C. B. Hillier

340

Off 9 Chief Magistrate

of Police.

And these are the causes of the detaining of the said Wong Afoon and bhun Afson (whom; I believe to be the persons named in the said

Cheung Apeon and Wong Along) whose bodies Shave here ready,

writ. as

said Writ Sam Commanded.

(Signed) Jas Collins

Freeper

by the

Copy

16 November 1846.

Writ of Habeas Corpus and return выри

772932

28th Oct. 1846.

13 Prisoners (names as under) cha

under) charged with having been

found on board of a boat with a quantity of arms gunpowder & cc. with felonious intent at 8p.m. & with being rogues & vagabonds without any ostensible

of subsistence (a quantity of spear heads Yea as by attached list produced in bourt) _ 341

meaus

Robert Duncan sailmaker swom states - Yesterday during my

absence

about 200 dollars were.

stolen from my desk by I believer

desk by I believe sny Cook, who m abs-conded - thinking I might find him on board - some of the boat's I obtained the assistance of a un policem an, and in course, of our search boarded boat pulling towards Green Island (a. Ha kow) from " jumped overboard _ the prisoners were

seized the remainder escaped - I am sure the

I am sure the prisoners

about 24 to 30 meu were in her who all

werd toere

all in the bout. I saw the boat searched and the articles in Court found in her

Cook - we

[Signed / Robert Duncan-

Police Constable John Jenkins sworn. I went with first Witness yesterday Evening to look after his lay to off the West point station - we boarded two or three boats - seeing a small boat pulling in shore to the westward we pulled __ after her - and on going alongside about 20 men - jumped overboard, and made off in different

directions - we seized the prisoners who all belonged

to the boat some made their escape. _ two men were found in the boat afterwards when we seized her- the articles in Court were found ou board of her _ I observed that a number of articles had been throure overboard bamboos, pieces of boxes, clother 400 - one bag which had been filled, by the wind I picked up & formed to contain a chopper & a number of __ pieces of bamboos - while we were chasing

chasing the me. who had jumped overboard, I saw several things thrown out of the boat which must have been large 4 heavy as they made a great splash in the water the list read to me (attached) contains a true account of the things found in the boat.

[ Signed / John Jenkins.

342

anen.

that

Francis Manuel Marques Sailmaker sworn states- I went with the two last-Witnesses yesterday Evening- when we boarded the prisoners boat all the who were in her except 6 jumped overboard, after seizing, some of them we went back and seized those who remained on board the boat, several articles.

board - I went to the station with were found the prisoners - By the time we picked the men out

we came

dou.

OCIAIS

of the water the boat had pulled half way to the opposite shore we pulled after her and as- alongside again those toho remained inns her endeavoured to escape by jumping overboard but were seized. I saw a quantity of clothing thrown, overboard - saw something

something like a chest or Cask floating but not having hands (men / could.

not pick it up - we were

out of the water.

Cheang Apo

busy picking the

343

[ Signed] Frau". Manoel Marques

Lorcha was -

-eang Apo boatman states - My Loccher anchored yesterday evening

mear

the Western

Market

Bakow was a

auchored

me an ADA.

goon

saw upwards of twenty inen go on board of her

and a quantity of fowls duck's Price put on board they passed our Loecha they got foul of us

speaking to their they abused us - I

and on

being

told the Portuguese who belonged to the Lorchia that I thought the boat was a pirate & they went after her - the men all jumped overboard on chased _ I went in chase and saw a number of ~ bamboo pikes in the water - the men embarked from the landing place of the fish market in the Writere

Market.

X Chinese mark.

Yaong Chaong nguw,

a number of men go o

OLL

boatman states - I saw,

board of a Hakow last

night they took a quantity of things on board but

being dark I could not see what they

were don

went with last witness and the Europeans in-

chase & saw the

que u

the water - a quantity

of things were thrown overboard, but Seould not

distinguish what they

часке

Chinese Signature

Defence

tenregiskred Soo luck fong, maker of paper offerings stater Swas

going to the West Point last night from the

Western Market as I was walking along the road- when I was seized. I live in the market

Chinese marks.

344

( The Market headman does not know the prisoner) Solice Constable Bartow states that he seized.. the prisoner that he had to go up to his neck. in the water to do so and that when prisoner was brought on Shore he was quite exhausted Yuen Atoring . pork butcher, unemployed stateed

went on board the boat last night to ask the Captain for some cash which he owed one, being now out of Employ - I fell asleep while waiting for his retorn and was

awoke by board jumping overboard. I did so too not knowing

what was the matter.

Chum Ayoong

awo

the

-Chinese Signature

Musician in a brothel states

my passage on board the boat to go to

Aberdeen to request my Cousin

I took my passage

bury my

the

men.

seized

uncle who died a day

to go he

home to

hoo

Woken.

in go

jumped overboard I did so and was an

the two last prisoners were

board.

Le Ashing book out of . Employ (not registered ) I

was going

over

to Hong Kong to look for Employment

& Chinese mark.

Chun Ayee seller of fruit states - I took passage)

in the boat last night to go to Macao - Jashed

the boat people where they

any

where ou they said

yes

were bound to they said as king if they would go to Marcas

+ Chinese Mark

345

Muk Asze out of Employ (not registered) states Sarrived here two days ago and was going over to Aberdeen last night to look for Employment.

Low Aman seller of fruit now out of Employ states not being able to sell fruit in the road having ban ordered away by the police - I thought of going over to Hong Kong to see a friend and took a smalle bout to look for a passage boat - the boat took

me to the

one in which I was takew

Chinese Inark.

LeAwa carpenter out of employ (not registered) states - I received a letter from my brother to come) down here to get Employment - Parrived here- two days ago

but could not find him I do not know the name of the shop I have been living

friend hearing

I wanted to returne

in - a

me say

to Sun ling printed out the passage boat to me 4 said Scould get home in her. I went on board of her and d jumped overboard with the others.

× Chinese Mark.

occasion

Chaong Achay carpenter states = Having to go to Macas, I went to look for a passage -

boat

boat to Heonghong to

дек

douse mou

nousy from

man there - on Enquing of the boat from which I tried to rscape they told me

to throughong and I took a

they were going

and I took a passage in her

Chinese Mark

346

Muck Man shing, Carpenter states - Iwentover to Hcoughong a short time ago to get some mondy from a boat builder he did not pay me and as I was returning to Victoria I was robbed on the read. last night two friends proposed,

going to Heonghong and I went with them and the - boat in which I was seized saying that they - were going to Hcoughing we took a passage in her. - not being able to swim swas seized in the

4 Chinese Signature.

boat.

Mony Asson Carpenter out of Employ states Aman named A you living at thongkong.

I went to a passage boat

owing

me some. None

last night to get it from him - Swent on board alone. when I got on board I saw the last

prisoner

board Iknow him to be

Carpenter - Ido not know

prisoners

any of the other

Laong Aeu Carpenter out of employ states

I went on board the passage boat last night

to Hongkong to lock for Employinent.

to go

& Chinese mark.

Chun

Afoon.

Assistant Cook to Colonel Neguolt

Jed

states - Hearing my brother who lives at Houshong was sick I took a passage ou

last night to see him -

seeing

board the boat

the people in the

boat jump over board I did so and Cost my clothes.

C Chinese mark.

Witness for defence.

347

Chum Ayee purchaser of bad money states - I have been here about one Month I know the prisoners Muck Asze, and quen Atrong. they are good men & Sam willing to become - security for them.

Chinese chignations

Case remanded

(Signed) 6.13. Hillier

Decision

29 October 1876

Soo luh fouz, Leetching, Muck Asze, Le Awne, not registered, to receive rach Fifty strokes of the rattan and to be forwarded to the Authorities at bowloow that they may be sent to the places to n which they belong - The other for prisoners to be imprisoned with hard labor for three. months and leave the island.

(Signed) C. B. Hillier

;

List of articles found on board the boat.

2 Fowling pieces

1 double sword.

2 daggers.

1 hatchet (large)

#1 Spear heads with bamboes to fit. I house breaking implement (large) 1 plane 1 Chisel & a large Chopper- 2 large pockets.

Grue Copy

27 Pr. Chopsticks 1 Bag of Rice

1 Bag gunpowder- 1 Bag rusty nails.

Che Hot Saundas (ay

Perpustion of The Supreme Count Registrar

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HONGKONG,

ANNO NONO

VICTORIA REGINE.

No. 5 of 1845.

Y His Excellency JOHN FRANCIS DAVIS, Esquire,

Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies, Her Majesty's Plenipo- tentiary and Chief Superintendent of the Trade of British. Subjects in China, with the advice of the Legislative Council of Hongkong.

"An Ordinance to repeal Ordinance No. 21 of 1844, and Title. "to make better provision for Licensing the Weighing and Brokerage of Salt, and the Sale of Opium, Bhaang, Ganja,

Paun, Betel, and Betel Leaf, within the Colony of Hongkong, "and for the Licensing of Pawnbrokers and Auctioneers, with

a Table of Fees on Official Licenses and Signatures."

(12th day of July, 1845.) WHEREAS it is expedient to raise such Funds as may be necessary to defray the Civil Expenses of the Colony, and

to amend the said Ordinance No. 21 of the year 1844.

Preamble.

Ordinance No.

ed, no person to

I. Be it therefore enacted and ordained, with a view to the part performance of such objects, by His Excellency the 21 of 1844, repeal- Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative act as a Broker or Council thereof, That said Ordinance be and is hereby Weigher of Salt, repealed, and that no person shall, within the said Colony of or retail Opium, Bhaang, Ganja, Hongkong, or its Dependencies, or the waters thereof, carry on Paun, Betel, or the Trade or occupation of a Broker or Weigher of Salt, or Betel Leaf, without barter, sell, or retail any Opium in a smaller quantity than one Chest, or barter, sell, or retail Bhaang, Ganja, Paun, Betel, and Betel Leaf in any less quantity than may hereafter be deter- mined in manner hereinafter mentioned, without having pre- viously obtained a License for that purpose from the Governor for the time being in the Executive Council.

a license.

II. And be it further enacted and ordained, that it shall Powers of the be lawful for the said Governor for the time being in said Governor with re- spect to the grant- Executive Council to grant by License to one or more persons ing of such licen-

the ses.

ses.

Provisions res-

the exclusive right and privilege of exercising the trade or oc- cupation of a Broker or Weigher of Salt, or of selling or retail- ing Opium in any quantity less than one Chest, and of selling and retailing Bhaang, Ganja, Paun, Betel, and Betel Leaf in any quantity less than that which may be determined on from time to time hereafter by the said Governor, with the advice of the said Council within the Colony of Hongkong, and its Dependencies, and the waters thereof.

III. And be it further enacted and ordained, that the pecting the grant- ing of such licen- said License or Licenses shall be granted to the highest bidders for the same respectively, to be ascertained by Public Auction, or by tenders to be sent in, in pursuance of public notice to that effect, and on such conditions relative to the giving of security for the payment of the sum tendered, and for the maintenance of good order, and the prevention of riots or disturbances among

the persons engaged in the Salt Trade, or on the premises of persons retailing or selling Opium, Bhaang, Ganja, Paun, Betel, and Betel Leaf, under such License or Licenses within the said Colony of Hongkong or its Depen- dencies, or the waters thereof, and subject to such other regu- lations in all respects as from time to time to Ilis Excellency the Governor, with the advice of the said Executive Council, may seem fit.

Penalties impos- ed on unlicensed dealers.

Power reserved

to the Governor in

from time to time.

IV. And be it further enacted and ordained, that if any person, without having obtained such license as aforesaid, shall exercise or carry on the trade or occupation of weighing Salt within the said Colony of Hongkong and its Dependencies, or the waters thereof, or shall sell, barter, or retail Opium in any quantity less than one Chest, or sell, barter, or retail Bhaang, Ganja, Paun, Betel, and Betel Leaf, in any quantity less than may be so determined on in Council as aforesaid, or shall infringe any of the Regulations after public notice thereof, from time to time to be established by the Governor in Council under the authority of this Ordinance, he shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding 500 Dollars, to be recovered in a sum- mary manner before any Magistrate of Police, and in default of the said penalty being duly paid after conviction, the same shall be levied by distress and sale of the offender's goods and chattels, and if there be no sufficient distress, every such offender shall be liable to imprisonment for a period not ex- ceeding six Calendar months.

V. And be it further enacted and ordained, that it shall Council to make and may be lawful to and for the said Governor in Council further regulations from time to time to make such further regulations or orders as to him shall seem fit, respecting the weighing or brokerage of Salt, or the sale of Opium, Bhaang, Ganja, Paun, Betel, and Betel Leaf, with the power to enforce the same by such penalties

penalties as shall seem expedient, provided always, that such penalties shall not exceed those hereinbefore imposed.

VI. And be it further enacted and ordained, that it shall Powers to Go- and may be lawful to and for the said Governor, with the advice vernor in Council to make like regu- of the said Council, to make hercafter all such rules and regu- lations for the farm- lations as to him may seem expedient concerning the farming, ing, selling, and re- selling, and retailing of Bhaang, Ganja, Paun, Betel, and Betel tailing of Bhaang, Ganja, Paun, Be- Leaf, and that in the making and enforcing of such rules and tel, and Bete! Leaf, regulations, he shall be vested with all and singular the powers as for Opium. and authority hereby vested in him with respect to the selling, farming, and retailing of Opium.

Auctioneer,

such purposes.

VII. And be it further enacted and ordained, that no No person to act person shall exercise or carry on the trade or occupation of a as Pawnbroker or Pawnkroker, or of an Auctioneer, or shall keep a public Billiard keep a Public Bil- Table, without having previously obtained a license from the liard Table, with- Governor of Hongkong for the time being in Council, which out a license for license shall endure for the space of one year from the date thereof; provided always, that every person taking out a Pawn- broker's or an Auctioneer's license, or a license for a public Billiard Table, shall pay into the Colonial Treasury such sums as to His Excellency the Governor, with the advice of the Exe- cutive Council, may scem fit, the said sums to be paid previous to the granting of such license or licenses.

Under penalty

VIII. And be it further enacted and ordained, that if any person shall, without having obtained such licenses aforesaid, not exceeding $200 carry on or exercise the trade or occupation of a Pawnbroker, or Auctioneer, or keep a public Billiard Table, or either or any of them, or shall be convicted of exposing for sale, or putting up any thing whatever to Public Auction, or of taking any thing whatever in pawn, he shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding 200 Dollars to be recovered in a summary manner before any Police Magistrate, and in default of payment the same to be levied by distress and sale of his goods and chattels,

Discretionary

IX. And be it further enacted and ordained, that the Governor in Council, if he see fit, shall be empowered to levy Auction Duty of an Auction Duty of 21 per cent on all sales by Auction within $24 per cent on all this Colony.

sales.

X. And be it further enacted and ordained, that every Auctioneer to make Quarterly person who shall act as an Auctioneer in the said Colony, shall Returns on oath, make and give, at the office of the Colonial Secretary, once in and deduct the every three months, a faithful and true return on oath of all Auction Duties- the books being the sums received at sales made by him as Auctioneer within liable to inspection. the said three months, and that every such Auctioneer shall, from every sum received by him on the sale of any article by him in that capacity, deduct the sum sanctioned under this Ordinance,

349

Table of Official Fees to be levied after the passing of this Ordinance.

Ordinance, and pay the amount thereof into the Colonial Trea- sury quarterly, and the books of such Auctioneer shall at all times be liable to inspection by any person or persons duly authorized by the Governor; and it is hereby declared, that any such Auctioneer failing duly to comply with the provisions of this section, shall be considered to have forfeited his license, and such license shall be absolutely void by such neglect or default.

XI. And be it further enacted and ordained,

and ordained, that the following Official Fees, as set forth in the annexed Table, shall be levied and made payable from and after the passing of this Ordinance-all Fees so levied to be paid into the Colonial Treasury,

TABLE OF FEES.

1. For granting a Marriage License, $5.

2. For the Signature of the Governor, $5.

3. For the Signature of the Colonial Secretary, $2.

JOHN FRANCIS DAVIS,

Governor, &c., &c.

Passed the Legislative Council of Hongkong,

this 12th day of July, 1845.

ADOLPHUS E. SHELLEY,

Clerk of Councils.

HONGKONG:

PRINTED BY AUTHORITY, AT THE OFFICE OF THE CHINA MAIL.

REVISED REGULATIONS FOR THE SALE OF OPIUM BY RETAIL, Made by His Excellency the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Executive Council thereof, on the 12th day of July, 1845, in pursuance of Ordinance No. 5 of 1845, entitled "An Ordinance to repeal Ordinance "No. 21 of 1844, and to make better provision for licensing the sale of "Salt, Opium, Bhaang, Ganja, Paun, Betel, and Betel Leaf, within the Colony of Hongkong, and for the licensing of Pawnbrokers and Auctioneers, "with a Table of Fees on Official Licenses and Signatures." I.-If any person not being duly licensed by Government shall within the limits of the said Island of Hongkong and its Dependencies or the waters thereof sell or retail Opium in smaller quantities than one chest, such person shall be liable on conviction before a Police Magistrate to the following fines and punishments, namely: For the first offence to a fine of 100 Dollars, for the second offence to a fine of 250 Dollars, and for every subsequent offence to a fine of 500 Dollars, the said penalties respectively to be recovered in a summary manner before any Magis- trate of Police, and in default of any of the said penalties being duly paid after conviction the same shall be levied on the offender's goods and chattels by distress, and in case there shall be no sufficient distress every such offender shall be liable to imprisonment for the said first offence for two months, for the said second offence to imprisonment for four months, and for every subsequent offence to imprisonment for any period not exceeding six months, and shall morcover be liable to a further fine of three times the retail price of all Opium proved before a Magistrate of Police to have been so sold or retailed contrary to the provisions of this section. Provided that in no case shall the fine or fines hereby imposed exceed the sum of 500 Dollars. 2.--The number of houses to be appropriated for retailing Opium in smaller quantities than one chest or for smoking the same, shall be determined by His Excellency the Governor in Council, or by such Public Officer as may be duly authorised by him for that purpose. Such houses shall adjoin the street and may be open from daylight until 10 o'clock at night during each day except Sunday, on which day they shall be closed. Such houses shall not be kept open nor shall any Opium be sold therein between the hours of 10 o'clock at night and day light, nor at any time during Sunday, under a penalty of 50 Dollars, recoverable from the holder of any such house, on conviction before a Police Magistrate; and all persons who may be found smoking Opium after the hour of 10 o'clock at night in any other house or place (save and except their usual place of abode) shall on conviction before a Magistrate be liable to a penalty of 20 Dollars, and the holder of the said house or place shall further be liable in the like sum, and no place shall be licensed for the sale of Opium in smaller quantities than one chest, or for smoking Opium, other than the houses so appropriated as aforesaid.

3.--Holders of the said houses so appropriated as aforesaid shall not sell or dispose of Opium except for money, under a penalty of 25 Dollars to be paid by the holder on conviction before a Police Magistrate.

4.--No person shall be admitted into any house so apropriated as aforesaid with any kind of arms weapons or edged tools under a penalty of 50 Dollars to be paid by the holder of the house on proof of the same before a Police Magistrate.

5.-If any person or persons are found riotous or quarrelsome in any such house, the holder thereof shall apply to a Police Officer and deliver such person or persons into his charge to be dealt with as the Law directs.

6. Every person duly licensed to retail Opium as aforesaid shall be at liberty to go on board any vessel at anchor in any harbour within the said Island of Hongkong and its Dependencies or in the waters thereof for the purpose of searching for Opium illicitly retailed contrary to the provisions of these Regulations, on obtaining a search warrant from a Magistrate to be issued on the oath of the person licensed that to the best of his knowledge and belief such Opium is being retailed on board the said vessel for consumption.

7. If any person not being duly licensed as aforesaid shall within the limits of the said Island of Hongkong and its Dependencies or the waters thereof sell Tye, Chandoo, or Opium dross, mixed with Opium, he or she shall on conviction before a Police Magistrate be subject to all the fines forfeitures and penalties im- posed in Section No. 1 of these Regulations

350

ཀ

8. All persons in charge of houses appropriated wholly or in part to the smoking of Opium or to the retail of the same in smaller quantities than one chest shall take out and hold a permit from the person duly licensed as aforesaid, and in default thereof shall be liable to the fines and punishments prescribed by section No. 1 of these Regulations. Provided always that the said licensed person so granting the said permit shall have regard to the power retained under the 2d section of these Regulations by the said Governor for determining the number of houses to be appropriated to the retailing or smoking of Opium.

9. And it is further declared and ruled, that in all cases not above provided for, and where any penalty is imposed, the said penalty shall in the first instance be levied by distress as before mentioned, and that if there be no sufficient distress the offender shall be liable to imprisonment for any period not exceeding Six calendar months, and that the presiding Magistrate or Magistrates before whom any person shall be tried and convicted for any breach of the foregoing Regulations or any of them, shall have in his or their discretion power to commute the amount of any the aforesaid pecuniary penalties, or to shorten the respective periods of imprison- ment herein before prescribed.

Passed the Legislative Council of Hongkong,

this 12th day of July, 1845.

ADOLPHUS E. SHELLEY,

Clerk of Councils.

J. F. DAVIS,

At a Meeting of Council held at Government House on the 15th January, 1815, it was resolved that the Auction duty of 24 per cent, imposed under Ordinance No. 21 of 1844, should be remitted on the sales bereinafter enumerated, and that the same be published in the Gazette, for general information.

1st. That in case the real Owner of any Estate, Goods, or Effects, put up to sale by way of Auction, shall become the Purchaser, by means of his own bidding, or the bidding of any other person on his behalf, or for his use, at such sale, without fraud or collusion, then, and in such case, an allowance shall be made to such Owner of the duties arising upon such bidding, provided Notice be given in writing to the Auctioneer before such bidding, both by the Owner, or his Agent, and the person intended to be the bidder of the latter, being appointed, and having agreed accordingly to bid at the sale for the use and behoof of the seller; and such delivery of such Notice so signed as aforesaid shall be verified. upon the Oath of the Auctioneer, as also the fairness and reality of the said transaction to the best of his knowledge and belief. Provided always that no such allowance of the Auction duty shall be made, unless such Notice shall, at the time appointed by Law for the Auctioneer's passing his Account of such sale, be produced by the Auctioneer to the person authorized to pass the Accounts of such sales, nor unless such Notice shall be left with such authorized person; in case any dispute shall arise whether such purchase by or for the owner was not made by collusion, or in order to lessen the full sum appointed by Law to be paid, or concerning the fairness of such transaction, then, and in such cases, the proof thereof shall lie upon the person acting as Auctioneer; and on failure therein, or in case of any unfair practice, then no such allowance shall be made as aforesaid; any thing herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding.

and

2nd. That the said duty of 2 per cent shall not extend to, or be held to extend to, any goods distrained for Rent, and sold by "Auction, or any Estate, Goods, or Chattels sold at Auction, under the Authority of any Sheriff, or under- Sheriff, for the benefit of Creditors, in Execution of any Judgment had or obtained; or any Estate, or, Effects of Bankrupts, sold by order of the Assignee or Assignees under any Fiat in Bunkruptcy, nor to any ships, or their Tackle, Apparel, and Furniture, or the Cargoes thereof, which may be taken and con- demned as Prizes, which shall be sold in this Colony, by or for the benefit of the Captors thereof, nor to any ships or Goods that may be wrecked or damaged by shipwreck, and sold by Auction within this Island for the benefit of the Insurers or Proprietors thereof; or which may be sold free of duty to defray the charges of salvage; nor to any Goods damaged by Fire, and sold by order of, and for the benefit of the Insurers of such Goods.

Victoria, 28th January, 1845.

ADOLPHUS E. SHELLEY.

Clerk of Councils.

351

Boa

Tran

352

937 Bong Kong

Unto the Right Honourable H Her Majesty's conte

State for the Colemis

abroad.

And

353 French in

Felician A. Trotski Peacher

I The Memorial of Abrander Laski lately Professor of

the Player Institution now 9 Modern Languages Glasgow his Mandatory.

My Lord.

May

The Honourable Willum Napier was

fees

one of the En: : geneers appointed by the Caledonian Railway Company and resided in Glasgow till Pebruary last when he removed to Franock which place he has furtively lift within the last few days and is believed to be now somewhere about England

That when

Playou the Memorialist Alexander Lashi gave Honourable Gentleman instructions in Modern Languages and this for hacking as can be instructed by several holograph Letters from Mr

amount to £15 - 137 to Xapier promistry payment

The Memorialist Felician À Wolske has been authorise

A sifilifit which surn

Alexander Laski by holograph Letter under his hand

That the

ajo

instituted judicial pro: cudings for recovery of said sum before the Theriff of Renfrewshire. Densek and the Refendant entered appearance thro a Feliciter evidentliy § with no other view than to obtain delay and to prevent judgment

Drinit hem terited he got

the Rugdom

Copy

to Mrs Nap

Are

still due

Keller Memorialists sometime

out of

And

کر ہو

That the tumoralists observe from the Gazette of Inesday. wit that the said Honourable William Napier has been appontia be black to the Works and Civil Engenier for the Island of Story Hong That since beaving Greenock the Momonalists have made. every inguery exfter their Debtor but can find no trace of him, he, they suppose, concealing himself from his Creditors and if he be allowed to have this Country for Hay Rory without satisfying his just debts it is 06.

vrons these will

Araw

be entirely valueless

The Memorialists therefore humbly trust that as the appoint. :ment of the Hincurable Gentleman is cender your Lordship's controut, : Your Rordship will exercise the necessary sabulary influence over kim so that he may pay his past debts together with the syfences caused by his litigiousness before leaving Firat Birtain

Glasgow 8th May.

1848

are

My Lord

Your Lordships Very Obedient and Humble Tervants. - Felician A. de Moliki famqualf

Alecande, de Casti

...

the Mont. W. Napier

12.

EuP F245

Sir,

354

15 May 148.

I am aucted by

Earl Grey to

to transmitt

you the accompanying

Letter from

copy y

May 1848.

Mep. De Wolke, and

Laski

on the subicct of a claim which they allure that they

Пише

against you for

Certain sevices rendered

to you in Glasgow, torquent that you

favor Lord Grey

and dan

Jam

will

witt

such explanation as you

May

to offer

on the

think proper

subject.

M. Meinale

Lond

Grey has desired that this

magle referred to Interfin

for explanation

AB. 12/5.

2246

My Lord

Nom's Dary

355

Dublin for Dumber 1848

RECEIVED 22 South bone Fre

DEC. 4 1348

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On the april last my son Cap William

was washis oraboard the Torrington schoo

which he commandeds off the Island of

بیسیم

on his

way tooking longe the rosel having anived at that post two days after a segure of his

and papers

live

was then made by the Registrar, Having record letters from the ship agent James Manley of Canton, and from the chest mate of the Tonington Mr Char Gribble getating the above mentioned sigure I wrote to the Registrar on the distaly last claiming the offer, but, strange

have

Led no

mriply

to say

althis other letters written in

the same mail have been duly acknowledyd .

Itake the liberty of addressing; mylord

to know y

any official return of the

made, f not, to beg you

Cause

in enging

matter has been

will have the goodness

the carisonstances.

inquiry into the Honour lobe myhood

Right Houbt.

Lord Grey,

I have

Joue obe dent servant Sat & James D'ary

Shorela in

Goon be applied to

for rufirmations the Writer to

reformed?

I do not suppers the Regishar

could ansuw

the letter immediately

vi ko

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Wife lacking farther steps.

Jom 8.4

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P. I. Davey We

MINUTE 4

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2246 Hong Kong

Ser.

356

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перев

that a report of the levcine:

:stances to while you refer

iss heen received from it this

Desch

His dueship would

that before

however suggest thich

laking any further steps.

}

in the matter

you

should

awach the arrival of another

Mail from Hong Kong.

357

MOMEN

entered

MANUTE

M sorcare

25 Jely 4.

Bonhave

1848 FEBY 23

B WEliot

Merivale 23

M&Hawes

2.3

Earl Grey 24

Mr. Merciale

Ser

358

The Beaver of this letter,

Mon Lijnen Forcade, is

Greoceding to Japan

Mr Taylor has begged Hong Hong

me to prepare and submist an eroinag

Letter of

recommendation

to the Gov. y/thony Kong

ruttonan

in fawn for that hayding to that Colored

Apostatic-

Incend

here to

as licen

and

Ibey Ibey the secon

to your Notice,

and Ishall be

be glad if it

should be in

~ your power

service to hearin

recommended to him to be of any

аю

Ibrytende my

Remenandat in tittae

ghd. Rayler.

359 Lane Ind

Staffords

RECEIVE!

ALC8

Aust. 25. 1848.

The That fom Ford having

casion to send some excoustic tiles for the propon

ch at Hong kong would I much obliged by being formed who in the Agest that Colong in London, en for the Island or the Chaplaine

Ine Colomine offic

bowning that.

Mer Buillie

is the Col. Agent furtting thang. Should a le

Ford be

to exformmed.

28. beregh

Hm. any.

гадн

9.31

पी.

ко

ן'

}

(16784 Kong)

The Rev? Wittm Ford

Lane Ina Parsonage,

Staffordshire

MINUTE ₤31/0

Intered

Sir.

answer to he 25d.

360

your

Letter

Ultimo, Lam directed by East Grey to inform

you that M. Gerye Baillie is the Colonial Agent for cong trong,

and that

his address is N.5 Cannon

How Westminster.

I have M

ALL

168

361

;

از فر میں تو بید

Board

Trad

E.LI

Freig

ice

}

362

To The Might Headable nd Grey. Secretary of. That for ther Majestyji

The Memorial of Charles

Thereth William Gibbend

That in March 1844 Your Memorialist appointed by Sir Henry Pottinger to a situation the Colonial Cecratary's Office in the Colony of Hongkong which appointment subsequently confirme by Lord Hanley,

Marchy 48.

جو

Ans

was

113

wais

That your Memorialist continued to fulfill the cuties of suck appointu it until February 1845

taken seriously ill applied for leave

when

absence.

15-12

in order to recruit his shattered health which

leave bring quinted by this Excellency For John Davis under the signati

February of the Honorable Mr Bruce Autect

ajour immediately tick al passage to the wash

1045

the term of six weeks Memorialist immediately took as

coast of Chusia, but the s'n, was

оп

her

load lin

رگی

North

unfortunately detained by strong adverse winds did not reach her destination / Chunking hil the 31st Mark about

voyage by shong 42 days from Hongking the usunt passage from

Chuson being only 7 or 8 days, That Your Memorialist cornved in

Hongkong

Chusan and not balig able to obtain

indiat

passage back! Rangkons was compelled I wait until the return of the same shup which was

delayed

considerably longer than was

anticipated by her

Board

Trad

weig

fce

the 17th May

and was superseded

commander she however after various imfoxesson. delays again reached Honykony 1845 having beeiz absent on her protracted voyage nearly 3 months

landing by directly reparten his carival to the Colonial Secretary informed that he had been

11 the Colonial Secretary recommended him to state to this Excellency

Governor the cause of his lengthened absen when he recived in reply that at present there was no vacancy existing

in the Government That your Memorialit then proceede

appoint.

the

mi however

406 Kong Harry

SC3

йир 223

حو

401

in his chas: le.

Chas: W. Gibbons &

35 Jeli

29.

Jam duicted

By lack

Jeey

servic

to India where the remained until within there

aany

last 6 months but being enable to obtain suitable employment in that Cambry returned to England for the purpose of laying his ins Your Lordship.

Under these coregimstances Your Memorialist bege Your Lordships will take his

cuse into consideration.

Pirnar fl Lambeth

BeW Gallons

Jebruary 23rd 1848.

to acknowlege

The

rewigh of your Memovil Such bring

bringing

olated 33 Such

83.

Under his Lorschifes

Consideration the Cerceem;

Stevees under which

дого

In the

were

superseded

адроги pportivend

You buld

in the Colonel

Suretary's office ch

Boat

Trad

E.1.7

eig

Fre

King Kong.

Lord Grey desires me

منس

to acquaint you

ند

auswven that he does

nch fired in your

Juesit Memorial

Any sufficient ground

for his interference in

the matter, and his

Forsslick regrets that

The came hold out to gove

no prospect of emplage по дистри

ment in this Country-

364

Boal

Trad

E.L

سمع

G.25,

ま

pubis interference неме пред

Ние

вы горос

The only Knowledge

Mr. Merivale

cal

report of the Governm

ا گزیر ہوتے ہی سے سے ہے جیسے

have of

This transactions cons

ou the 20

10 June 1845 that itt: Gettons

on superseded in consquence of having

had been

absent

beyond

the Secretary of

Mr Bogen

liis leave

been

and in

• The asesor Ily

that proceeding.

018.25/2/40.

of dr Sitton to informed?

The memorial mnt to whred &

Cor. Donham & an explanation required? W

Sibtons seams to han

acquiesced

if he was really treats.

so hardly

Am. 26.25

Wh, 25 Handly think ager

to persone Butt the

any ground pr

nferenc

ميز

пода

تھے کہے

Aupatch from his king,

Pottinger & Ford Hunley. Recommending my oppositiont. Written whant bune u Toly. 1043

le despatch po Lie eury Pottingen to hard Harley alpragining of the blan Whit this subructied for of Victoria.

writhing bout hod. or Bear 1943.

lette from the Colonial Leary at Kelirin tomiguel

کے

M1D // Waterloo love Pall Mais 17. "why.

RECEIVED

JULY 14 1848

1840365

Hong

1934 thuy động

Thave the rown + request

Jau

ask Earl

at Kabiria to mogu brey to allow me to be

lyforitding the force noris

uppiedral of the detailed

which had laid

i jo the seme

of the Lown

Write about May I've

furnished with copies

the despatches marked in the Mersin, (wing

on th

Subject of the appointmail

May, our Glues of Surayen Sensial, which

Lan

1044

Henry

to Lord Harley-

fick his free chiß wars Find

Leherded to the for any

function information regarding theling of

the ring story Hong-

Writting at Point de falle in haliy 10244

PAY

le dispatch from Fin When denis to Care Gie Expressing

the un

Zeis

in which lau

Conducted the duties of my offer-

Writting in Nod? 1046 in the occasion

of my resigning my offt_

Wheld at

Sony Koup).

which I was discious of

wh mitting

22.00

Jun Must obt hat.

B. Hawes

it Indon

www

nice

reigu

Mr. Merivale.

W. Gordon has explained personally to me that his object in requesting copies of these papers is to submit them to Lord Morpeth to whom be is a suitor je an appointment under the Savictory depinonent

Act.

Iuppore that there will be

Is Mycation to his request.

being complied inth?

greach.

14/7

very shut,

he should make Zein von

his

Wohin, if the guest

to in other suspects Complied with I

Section.

Ju wo

вида н

77.8

Board

Trade

ELB

99€

Boa

Tra

367

Board

Tra

My Lord

the

653 Chma.

C March 30 1848 EVE

EIVED.

6.D

368

MAR3031

1848

I Leve

en clised

ersey

Singapore Zuzetten. by referring

to Which

гр

A e

Your Zordshife will find

the Little Catherine

the Ents of tonquin, also ther of the Commander

呔

Commenti

on Howes) by the Chinese

ably beg Shule Your Sondstate

bly

tette mito

emoderation - hin

mate situation

tunate

that means

liferation

will be hond to obtain.

Reply from

черву

Landshise Monte tend trands

moving the amprity of hist

Zem

fameliz

contasseny

Ileman You

LandShh. Motobstet William Howey

биле

Tall Guy

11 Mercers errace Salmons have Limehous

Boa

Mr Elict.

This Letter should have been addeped to the Soretay

of State for Foreign Affairs.

but

the Mail

for China with le sout off tomound night it

wo be well to take this over

Office to day,

to the Foreign

& request that it may

Sitten into corned

квожет

31/3/40.

Immelte

Emmiedute

653 China

възчез

369

love

вре

B. 6. Aldington Gove

Bi hanh

MINUTE MR Jadis MBElliot

1848 Marth

31.

MR.Merivale MEHawes 31

Earl Grey 3/

30 March

Sam dicited by Evel

Gry

to trousmch to

you, for the consideratan

of Viscount Palmerston, вру

the accompanying Copy

of a letter with ti eneloruse from

William Howes reporting

the liefs of

British

Boa

Tra

Sipel the Letete Catherine

Gulf of Torquin

ritte

and the enprisenment

of her Commander,

W Victor Howes, by

the Chinese, and an Iflication that

Homesh thick

infaming

you

d Sobranten

will cove

to the sack Measurestay & taken for his

liberation.

Lauad for to be advisable half th

frunther Garsons liberation.

Have

I lan or

Mr. Howes live

MINUTE

653 China

Mr Sadis MElliot

Vervale Mellan es

frey

Entf 230

370

1848 March

Earl Grey 31

31 31

Хан

1apul /48.

dunited by laid

to acknowledge the

script of your letter of

the 30th Such. Retitive to

the life of the Vifel the "Little Catherine" in

the

half of Porquin

& the imprisonment of

her Commander, der Victor

Howes, by the Cherise,

}

•

Boal

Trit

E.I

and Sam to acquaiih

you

your

in auster

thick

letter has been

referred for

the

Consideration of the

Secretary of State for

Foreign Affairs.

Sher

M. W. Howes.

" Merceis Terrace.

|איזא

MINUTE / JR BE WRED OF

Men vale YBHawes

APRA

19.

Bol Greu

20:

Sir

945 đang trong

48.

Ent 1237

し

371

24 April4or

I am directed by

Earl

Grey to acknowledge the

Letter of the

receipt of your

30 ulterio, and to inform

you

that the Secretary of

State for Foreign Affairs (to

whom your

representation

would more properly been addreped)

a copy of your

Governa y

has at the

have

/ has forwarded

Letter to the

thong King, and

лише

turie

instructed that Officer to

tate such measures in the

Mea

affer

referred to as may

seem to him to be proper

attes communciation with the Senior Naval Officer

the Station.

он

ani

Freig

fre

Boar

Tra

Cite)

(653. 18:20 Hong Song)

W. W. Howes

11 Mercers Terrace

Liichouse

SEPR

18 Sept 1848.

1820

Sir

372

4 Active 1/60

which reference to

Letter of the fee of

Apiel last, I am directed by Earl Grey to transmit to you the accompanying Copy of a letter from the Department of the Secretary

of State for Foreign Affairs. covering a Despatch from the Governor of Stong Hong, reporting the release. In Victor Howes, who had

JW.

been detained by

the

authorities of Cochin Cheria I have to

Boarc

Trad

nice

London Beth 6. 11/1573

1848

I hig

bey to acknowlede Aut

of four letter of the 44 - With Cofizi

reations relating to Hen detention of Wo bictor Howes, and. at the Lame time allows one to expuls. My thankfulness to Paul Grey for_ The Graust and letters Rim Menton Le Las Baid to tag application

You Mort Obstert

WHowes

Herman Merivale

The

Day

Ref. & pul by?

Am at 10.

Boal

Trai

Papag packed panenkaat kankerke, a 2 weke m

نیر مسند

2338

Stone Fine 374

1848

Jegr 19.1848

fem intimatiol.

Lord Guy

apponit

has

Bre

in the decasing

ing. Meg Bac for the infor

of the PBZ Wen- The Lux

The Inasury that I'avait

}

ו'

Boatd

Trad

}

thin ordus respurting my pe

wicaching my

destination.

исти

will then be at liberty to proceed to Hong Kong us / prible. Write officially to the 5% stats that I am devious not to send out a person to fill this winter wth without a previous strict inpertypl us to his fitnes, & suying that I wn of find this examine the lunch

consider the nature the office can be best consnettet Olea of the office

that deport & therefore I have to request that, Their Lips with five directs for ot

Merve the Per

Jor

John Sta

The Mentaries

To Her Masroty - Jasing

18 Beli Ball & Face

Lindon

I have ascertained diality, That the I will have no dreit

375

Blachall

been toteb

athon his

Suform him that is boodfrom Major by whom he wore serommenetia has already been his appointment on the duties of his offres:-

Very

rustified

fis &

condition my well.

& that whenever he may present him with at the yoy the fr

exerminat

Адеривень

Mure-

it sahefastorh

Board

Trade

E.\. B

Dec: wal

Immediate

2338 Hong

Shore

Mr John Hare.

376

That he awaits his

orders

to proceed

today tony fi.C. l. Genelgen. Br

Hong Kong

he has been appoi

Clerk in the hea

827004

REG: 21 DAJEMNICH

MINUTE 29

129

MR Jodes

Hot

ہو گی

Mer veniale

A des polite notifying des Haren apportiment shed: Sprosseme be addifred

tette

duplicate of which cont

refsary; He will be inlitted to ip Salary from the day ofer

be such bowler Hore dem

bust aware thick any

freethewerders

les memile.

Lord Grey has dereitad

these drafts to be quepraved fore bis Sudchip left the ffice this evering- Perhaps herefore you will pass them.

fence.

де

30 Jeep 40.

Lord Grey being desirous

Людо

the appoiich der John Here

to a vacant Clarksbiche

вкла

the Frea

and

Treasury

14 Hory Hory,

being of opinion that

sin order to secure the

efficient performance of the clutics of

the office,

it is neupary

aupange that

Greason should be seubent

to fill the situation

thout a previous

strich investigation at

to his fitness,

examination, which,

Considering

the Watere

of the Office, his Peresliche

Considers will be bests

Conducted at the Boards

of Ressary, Sam directed

to aqush thich you

will

more the Lords Commises;

should they see is

tion to such a coressly,

objection

give the

mmpany

directions for this purpose.

Whenever der Stare -Hall

present himself at

377

thisis for dship's Office.

Same to add that ben

Here has been apprized of

the course_letwil it it milended to reléphe

Have

Inimese ite

2338

John Hare Expe

2998 Hong Kay

30 Degun

378

MINUTE 29

3. Saelit

Jam disated bel

to acknowledge the

ey to

Grey

Reifel of your letter of the

19 Such adduped to the

Lorus Concrepes : of the Hussary

stating that Lord Grey appointed you

to a

hid

Clerkslig

ain the Seasury at Horry Hong

نماند

and Jane to acquaint

you

thick Major Blackall,

by exheren you

were.

mommended to his

Lordship, has abreasly

been apprized thich you

apponitment is consti:

:tional upon your

Bot

being found

l on exonic:

Nation at the Frensers

will qualified for the

Office.

Whenever therefore you Ways present yourself at the Board of Treasury the Juspored examceviation

will take place, and

in the event of your

passing

есе

it in a

satisfactory

to their Lorces lift, you

will be at liber

है हि

liberty

Jucceed at once to youn

lesterraton

379

ים

380

ई

{

C. Justeie Hulme

C. Justice Hulme

March

EnP/223

381

I. W. Hutome Egg. Motel Sie,

Morteza

ら

13 March

Earl Grey having

concluded his investigation

into the grounds of your

tate suspension in the

Office of Chief Justice of

Hong

hay lòng,

and instructed

Governa

Bonhamn to

take immediate measures

for your

reinstatement

I have to inform you

that it is his Lordship' =

wish that

Wheat you

should

peruse all the corresponden

which has ensued beloven

the Governor and himals

this subject.

I shall

theresse be happy to

ческие ура

any day

at this Office

that is moch

Convenient to

to you

the hours of

between

12 and

in order that you

have

you ha

have access to thish

neay

Cone pinceme

}

March

Gov. 30 March

プ

Borth Bank by

ہر

حسنگ

RECEIVED

1848

Luelday March

Bark

¥1848.

382

Oh prusing Barl

Suspention Grom

Grey, despatch & Jovernor Bon touche) parue that the rule.

Copy

any

laid down for the prapment of

ад

my Lalary on being reines tal is_" that if I return to Hory hon within six months Grour the time Any departure I am to be

Salar

ented & full sa

but

that if Jackly for 2 Obtain

further leave of absence I

Aur

383

Board

Trad

ALF

to receive outro half Lalary from the time and of leaving, Vangkan.

Is the State of

my ball after having prosed

four Summer, in that Colony renders it advisable that Ithand

Chouts

have

aftly to Bark Grey for t demain in Eusland beyond

the six amorithis I am auxious

Jam

to learn from His Lordthis, whether talking into antideration сиделовая the Jart that before returning to Hong Kong Ithall have been put to an expense of всем £ 6oo. (tokery anothing of additional Jamil sxfentes)

Somewhat more liberal seale

must be extended)

of allowane may Time that I may be permitted

half

+ receive Jute Lalans for six-

Juli mouths irrespectively pany beton to Hong Kong beaving h Lalary to Date Grom the expiration of that period

There is another Subilet

to which I am desirous feathing His Lordship's attention _ a subjät-

ason which thad mucation

to address His Lordship, while

ゑ in troux hous. I allude the

вры

Kong.

"Mcation"

As Lauctioned by

the

Board

Trad

E.LF

The Home Authorities, there existed

ups to March 1847. a vacation during the suoritter of July Achet September & Actober. Previouth

to that time

Lord

Aufent

Hah

Lad upon the representation If Sir John Davis directed

that an additional Criminal Lessions should be holden

to that act more than three So

morites should intervene betin any two Criminal Lesions

Pursuant to the

directions of this Lordship, it was asteed

in Council that- There should

be a Criminal Lesions in July

aur

Aur

384

ajair in October. But

although this was all that the Council afted upon & indeed the matter that the Comic

only

was called upon to arctider Lin John Davis sized the offorting

ях

of of Banging from the Rule of Court the whole of the exception as to the sitting, ofther Jude at Chambers the attend ame of

Officers at Court

The

The consequence of

こ

This exfunction has been to thread the Land business of the Colony over the whole of the Year beading the judge the Officers

of the Court exithout a single day (Sunday, Holiday, xested) to call their own

Although the alteration

with retard to the Criminal Lepin

hat the effect of limiting the Vacation as originally established to two mouthes & a half all I thould with to atk if that alteration is to be adsered to

is that at least the resulation

refulations

for the lettering, of the Judge Chambers of the attendance of

may,

The Officers at Court m. remain as Lerett fore.

A wo

し

385

comparison of The 3? 4th of 5th Sections of the

two Rules of Court of Michaelmas Leren 144 Nov. 1845. & Batter Jeru

1th March 1847. will prove the. correctings Buy Statement without troubling you with

buy thened explanation

I have the honor the

sir

Your Most Predient- Humble Servant.

John Walter Walue.

B. Hawed 8x1. Mr. P.

Under Loretory for the Colonies

ん

and I do not know

Mr. Merivale

Upon the pest point - that of the salary which the Halme asks for - San to Lord Greys addition to the despite to for Bertem, &

only refe to the 8 Clause of the Estonial Agulations unon the head of Solucels R2s;- repon the second point which relates to the

Etion

Rory

of the officers after Supcorne Count of Justice of Hang James the preivous correspondence, & abstain from

Merong

wich be much

suppation's

asyon

better a tre the

413.23/3/40.

W Bains

The pist matter

la do

you

with

hu ulates to a discution added by Lord frey humiseel 15the draft

Cute deshalck of 2% thanh,

sundar

Mum 25

For but in the

to by

refund to (23)

That Lo Grey will den

Any reason to

Change his view?

Kelme

lan

4 to the second, the rule in question is No 4. of the new milix of 1 Man L 1847. and W to informnd that instructions respecting it have already ten jion & No sextanna, (with whom I had conversation on the subject life he left England. ) It is Bue that the mile Wirhaps tough in addictine in the haren of it, deprim the Judge of all vacation, unreasonith, t which is of course I stand to as Auline as Lahey's Primion

thei

may

despartate refsend

hv. Otacted.

Bruc

hand to Come

regulation referend

годи Sec 2

MS.

W. Huber's was pension

bas bulmny. He acted puttin the list.

wit upperend for is untethed to

popaber lanse of ubrance

вил

live

the Enguany, & then.

It w? We

& his belang pe thes

heavy th

in self defence.

the wurde oflendertig

две

7 --

of landed term

ра

the pre bom impend

Прин

Ed. Hal

teen - full hacbony

it, it we then the

12 July pre ten

very

to the and

wey

htt

If I Hulme and determined upon neturius emine.

chiately on boring to-metatud how dearly have been entitled to full Intury, but when he woke for a prolongent of, his leave

health his absence becomes,

pound of health

The

comes one

of the ordinary

the

qwerth about the rules may be character & he can only have of Iulary from the date refined to the convident" of the God expreff the spin appute By Mr Marvel - 9.27

of wir departure

566. H. Kong.

I. M. Aubine has had $207

MINUTE 27

Miltonvale

Sour

Fod Grou

HAR!

129

гд

Sir

سعد

326

37. March /48.

and laid before harl

lever of

I have received

Grey

mah

the 2. Instant, and

Iam directed by

his Lordship to acquant

you

Kong immediately returning to Stong

after your reinstatement.

determined upon

chat if you had

or if, a

as stated in

the

387

Board

Trade

E.1.B

elli

יניו

the Despatch to

Governor Bonham,

you

should return

" to the Colony with in

six months from

the time of your

snopension, you will be entitled to

the full Salary of

your office, but

should

that if you obtain a prolongation of your leave on

the ground of

health, your absence.

pom the date of your departure from The Colony

will then become

one of the ordinary

Character; and you

Can only receive the half Salary payabli

to all Officers enjoying

that indulgence.

With

regard to

your vacation Sam to state chate, Lord. Grey is of opinion

that the rule which

laists

that

subject

mnot have been

framed inadvertently.

seareely

Can searc

have

Boar

Trad

E.1

have been intended to deprive the Iudge

and the Officers of the Supreme Court, of the opportunity of relaxation which is

usual in all Courts

of Law. Instuctions, however, have been

given for remordering

the

question, and

Torebely hopes that

the result may be

satisfactory to you?

Shave to

}

Intend

No 19

"Governor Bonham

tong trong

JTE 27

Harres

ARH

29.

Mr White 21 March Co. 31

Sir

جد

388

30th March /48

Dendore herewiths

for your information,

the copy of a

Corres :

•pondence between

M. J.W. Bulme, and

one

of my Under Secretarits of State,

the subject of

his Salary during

his absence from

Hong Kong, and of

the Rule which

depines

}

369

Board

Trade

E.I. B

Fee

Boar

deprives him, and

the officers of his

Court, of any vacation.

cannot but think that the Kull

of which he complains

mnot have been

-framed inadvertently,

as it could not

have been foreseen that the effect

would be to deprive

the Indge, and the Officers of his Court,

of all vacation.

Lunderstand

that

that my UnderSed

of State, M. Merivale,

has already in Conversation, pointed

out to you the objections to this Rule, and Mbey that you will take prompt measures for bringing

it under the Consideration of your

Council with a

revisal.

view to it's reobreal

[ havet?

€20

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of Trad

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As the refital fr

my Lord prey to comply with request regarding my tay in Eusland compet

take

ls me

my Alfarting for Hory hon by the Puerland mail ofthiston Mestant I Shake Gul much Bolja) if ron with Javou

me with

an order upon the Treasury for the payment of the five months Salary which with be que tome at the end the month

나

not having

received

ар

Solary

Boar

Tradi

E.I

114

Mr Ellict.

suppose that this application should be recompute

the Fressary.

if 5

QBs.5/4/1040.

7.7.8.574.

Sentaraly think to

391

Salary

suive the 38th

Rove In latte

Thave the honour the

Lin

Your Most-Bedient Hamble Servant.

Shantallen Haline

не

B. Howe, & P. P. В. После

Ander Secretary Gorth orien

•

Boat

Trad

E.I

8. Frasely am leger

دی

11.

Es q

M. Infine leaves

Sir,

Grey

7385

400

2. khong long

12 Cpret. 40

392

I am deceited by Carl to hausmit to you

the accompanying copy of a

Letter from Mr. J. W. Halme Chief Justice of Hong long,

or len 20th to the open Applying for the payment

then swed

4 Apil.

be rewe

ut muc

Tyme perruti

Pures of five montes salary which

enquery M...

ad.

will be due to hire at the

in cider to expose red is this

W. Hulme

important line be

home this

informention cely

ян

I have mitter acessing

to Mr. Halme.

ats?

kri

rust it this mon

Mr Hulme is on

of returning

the and as

the point

to the Dance

typu

I am to request that чере

will move the Lords Pomon

of the Treasury to comply with his application. Jam

to add that according

کے

יי་

Boat

the rule of the Colonial

Sevice Mr. Hulme is entitled

to the pull salary of res

at the rate of of 3000 per ammun

Price fatte period in

question his suspension

by the Governor having

been disappiorad by the

Secretary of late.

Worth Bank Befantiluck Madday Opsientions

il/2

$1848.

393

In acknowledging the act

of publice which my Lodfry

done me in

har

adering my vestration the Pfice of Chief Justive P Hong Kong I cannot but call His Lordships attention to the fac that as matters now rest Jan actically punished in respect of charged which have had their origin in the expright &r faithful discharge of any judinst duties

Shave had & Lebuil

to all the mental apony

which the

Jout chayes brought asoint me Lie John Davis could not fail

quation. I thale are

to ou

Treach

Hory Hory have endured two

overland

م احمد

ту

Boar

Trad

overland popapel- & Ithall have been put to an expense of between

Canted

one

Lin John Davis having

all this mistery & working

I done irreformable injury to my character I should with to learn from my

Lord Jary whether thave His Lordship'in Lauction for adopting

Luck proceedings against hiehen

Davis at the law

allow

law may I should further with to know from any Lord fury whether

Jsem it Sojectionable

His dorthings wood deem it

Loithichs

for

me to

to call for (in Pachioment)

the production The evidence Caken during the investigation into the charges prefered agains by Lin John Davis cousted with the despatches relative

to these charges

In addition Should

394 with

to be informed by my Lord pay

bust such a cake

me in

expecting

whether and is aut such as fairly to justify that ther Ancajetty will be fraciously pleated to confer upon me some public mark of Her Majesty's opportun

At the rule at present

dod

laid down by my

Renders Lalary The payment any calory wording it incumbent upon me to take my departure for Hory Kony by the kaff the Settant Overland nail of the Roter Jettant "I feel it to be my duty before leaving to suggest to this hordthing the possibili; of circumstances arising touching

which may matters in Hong

Korth

make my presence in bestand

desirable

I am at unwilling

to volunteer information in matter. not personally

as I am read,

concerne

че

amyself

to come Gorward

wher

Boa

Tra

when called upon in affairs beforing the welfare of the Colony

Perhaps His Lodthin

may be pleased to grant me

Short interview before I feit-

Bufland

прово

W. Merinale. Theis Letter propores different questions which it is plainly out of

my province to

hot to solve. Abs.13/4./48

Mr Haurs

There pushcutions are plainly stated & therepre Lord frey will not I think any suggutions of mine

uquil

to finish

an aniwu

котаря 13

Shave the honour to be

Sis

Your Most. Predient- Humble Servant.

Intrater Muhne

B. Nawet dry. M.P.

да

Rider Secretary for the Stories

نه

вод

395

727. Mary Keny

H. Hulun ashes,

that and pry sterned sanden

bin tulis leque perecedys expenst

lie her. Davis,

arie

Simmpine

Supey

ent expeep any opinion pr

aquinst any

Calz

but I

I showed bear opent ferlungs

wila egut,

едит

bus lun

conieding

lint &d. Halen

Jed.

to permifly restind, that

Je to Davis

lens

exequend

key

foot, because it with tuy comand

And tobuf alive définition

Colony.

taxinuity in the felony

lane hard fey will

всед раз

to the perduren other beput &

Endence ufen

W. Bulenér

bey pucenced to Putinmen

Boa

عجی

396

ferson to confre some bundle of

thes

Sterile Ette

a question

Coursan

Read ducendion

appen

dune diffiene

ввикид ве вырый выркира

dis pred

life

bint

221

must be consed?

EW. Hulion, charact

acy

cindiente

beyleis destination, tas kissing

fact, conveys and sang, dieffabili

le 1. Davis procndig,

Eu. Buline

leve

ut concede

request I fou

Zoo

that such

hain. Uefentis

Men opinion then phenous

In affecution

woned be

Ari

ofon

marte of

deder

avy

pely

Cendent, whente hus

vennefested by Ed. Culinis perupt

by Iration.

Estration

eng Mine then necefing

in this forme 4.

forew.

And considing the heigh

Responsible

theat

llation be bold

Example of firbenigen

unde unde cins be any ust

Lute at cr

carmalele

вате все рез

pay

be refuted.

cases whetten het beg

Wv. buline

toditaci bein i

England.

Suffichend bis fubein duten in

Marybory factory

the intersti

are

to defully

car

If Mr H. is advised that he has

a right.

wice antire len of with aquait die 1. It. & is determined to mouil himself of it I have no right to prohibet:-

ва

to, but

bis doing to,

but I ind strongly disapprove of his wastin

2 If the House of Commons Sinks proper to call for

The concerfondence it must of

couse be prodment

but I cannot undert the to say that a moth to

that effist wh be

ил

aprentect to on the past

کردی

off H. Mi Gout as I am at present of opin that the conerfondener had better not be me

public

3 gite out of my power_

I with W Hulme to remme hir dikes

и пои ил

In Buline toy

North Bank

13 "B2

Regents Park

/727 Nongkong). 307

Ent 234

Ser

F-15

This should go

4. Lind, my

posible

umahanol I can

to day

see him at fruent.....

Loon.

htt.

15 April /48.

I have received

the directions of Earl Grey to acknowledge the receipt of your

Letter of the 12 hot

and to return

you

nswer

the following answ to the questions

which

'you

have

propoeld for his

Lordship's consideration.

In the first

place Lam to inform

that

you

if you

axc

TrE

398

are advised that

you

have a right

of action against Sir

John Davis, and are determined to avail

youneelf of it Lond

Grey has no

right

to protichit your

taking

hat conrral;

but his Lordolich conceives that it

would be very lite calculated to heal

the acrimonions felting

which is aft to enone

a small Comm

Community after much procedings at

after a diangreement

betwees

have recently when plant,

between farblic Office,

Barok, and

of high Ravak would therefore

strongly disapprove

of such conduct.

Jeanaly, Jam to Secondly

that if inform you

the Honal of Commons should think proper to call for Copile of the correspondence betusen Amahout and Sir John Davis on the subject of your enspension from

Office, the tapers will of course be produced, but that

Lord

Lord Srey

cannot

Boar

Trad

undertake to say

that a Motion to

that effect will

be assented to by Amishort an

вне

Lostotip is at prevent ffopinion that the Correspondence had

better not be made public.

Thirdly. Lora Grey

directs me to acquaint

you

that it is quite out of this power to advise the Quan

to Couser upon you

some

399

some public

public Mark

of Her Majesty's approbation; and has

as regards your observation that you

may

be detained'

in England to give

information. on matten connected with Hong Konz. Jam

Jam to stakt

+ sees no recur" for your that his Lordship

this pound &

ulention on

considers it f

much public

Meurable

importance that you

should resume the duties of your Office

as soon as

possible.

Bo:

and wishes you therefore there fire prot to

delay your

return

to the Colony.

Lord Corey deares to add that be

is afraid that it

will not be in

his power to give

you

obe interview

which you

have

applied for us his

time is at present Inte

even more

Man

arnally occupied with business of

Jeeping nature.

凌

Copy to Sovin N.27 of April 1257/168.

Tuy trong nông

Mark

7 Borth Bank Reports long Monday Office

ZAVED

C. D

APR 18

1848

400

thave to acknowle

The receipt frour letter of the

15 the Restart time replay thereto I feel it the my duty to state

Fo that sine mich Lood Grey throngly disapprove en int proceding being

Lir fhm Davis in respect of the libel upon my

character I

at oue abandon all intention.

of taking any

buck proceedings Thave further to

my Lord Grey Paro zou

inform my

that as His Lordthic counde

undertake

460

That an

undertake of Lay that

Custion in the Abode of Common.

for the production of the correttonden between Her Majesty's fovernment & John Davis relative Duny. Authention from Office would meet the assent of ther Majesty's Jovernment. I relinquish the illa A taking any

such stif

At it is condidered

by His Lordships desirable that I should resume my judicial. duties as soon as possible I of course take my departure, for Hong Kong by the Perland Mail of Busted.

пеха much as I could have wished

have of absence thave

been

401

been extended from hix to tomotive eight mouth, to as to have escaped at least a portion

of the hot season in

action

in Hong Kong

Refretting that I

have not has the opportuni" ; of expressing in perton my fratitude to Lord frey for the Jothie done me

I have the Lonan the

Tir

Rour Most Redient

Humble Servant.

P... I presume any land to hotter

wik be entitter to this Lalary during

Suspension

8. Names 24h M. C.

Mider secretary for the Bronie

[

Boat

гру

Jovern Bonham. N°27

17 April : 1048.

informed but

+ of wh. I'm

- рише

not fre

premily

quy trong làng

740

402

256p/48

permit the copy of a

I taumit to

mit to you

Letter

acce

whether his Clack is entitled there is a Portscript engining Chief Justice Hulme in whit

adduped to Artaves by

to so

salary

during

ties

quitted this Country for

Suspension from Office.

Mr. Hulme having

question, &

upon you

khong long

to answer

of it will devoluce.

that

acco.

muust depend upon the

lis

resotmessy which &

crcunistences of the case,

I you

the

will with Experience no despeitty

in ascertaining ontle spot.

have

Inday homer absence theat

же

M. Merciale

You will be more competent than I am to rusver the quection contained the P. S. to thie's letter, which is the only part of it which requires san insuer, as I am unaquainted with the practice which pepoils in respect to the appointment of Suche's decks.

Bulme

остон му

I detained this, heanne I as

}

213.18/4.

could not exanthin

morstand the last question, until I could au I han now 295m him, best he sails this It alpean now that his cluck declined

wvening.

Jacending

to his blick) the provisional Judge

•

to serve andhy W. Camphle

کالو

مری

}

I apprchend

he has no claims whation for salary. If

on the other hand he un turned out,

then

injustice

ane done to the public,

as there could to no reason why

he shouldt dismissed on account

of his maski's suchensson: and

the salary of the substituted

Hff or B

12.

xireching

him to accurtain this & art accordingly.com Apl 19.

chuck ought not to h sanctioned. I think theropre a despatch

Shuci i willen

M &

DowLam

is Mr Trotter declined to seme under the Provisional

Indie,

Bos

тия

Tra

Can,

as it appears

have no

laim

whateur to salary; but if in the other hand, he was displaced from his situation

then, I think an injustice

was done himn

Could be no rexten

there

why

be should be dissiped in

account of Mr. Hulme's

Suspension .

Should thus

latter supportion prove

Coned would probably

Correct

Agrowth me that the salary of the Clark substitated

for Mr. Trotter ought not to

be sauctioned, but must

деву

Judge..

the provisionar by

بارك

403

Boa

Tra

404

Boat

Trac

E.1

...

to the Might Slowpan

Lond

rong.

мона

RECEN

مرح

вале вісм

Befretiony

lam

aid

for the leon

I am teluctantly

405

your fondsack.

pelled to appeal to

Ilicial catfacity as

&ede, heller to Mitomatin 6 Jan,

•Zuater to Mafuck this Mor

Coping to 2.0. 12. Jampeg.

у ал

rcc

of thate on the

کے

autycaly's Secretary f

Counts respecting a scanine for

bensation from the exin demnity fund from Lostes that incurred in the year 1839 by the enfiscation of Wition Pratichly on The bratting but of that ward, I was a resident during

event at Canton, and in keane & live

ing that

with the

مے

memands of

رحته.

nce may

Meni lestentory Capitãs & Cliolt. I quités but the other aus wich leidens

Canton, inting luch Kaherty as I could get

thm.

amaty

and

مية

ling 556574000) auft leaving mokanty for in taper

I acciding to ass picentar,

I which

contained in praßen Blanments,

under

cay cre

to her majesty's

مت

Lentary on tray 23. 1839 - Sable que

list(C) of Juchalt des

Lö

.५

in May Glouce

on having Castin

Board

Trade

E.1.B

which

distroyed s

her

Majesty's Troops out the Loything, oft Caution in 1841. after which shel movesly's then's Bestientury iss it and in lefly to Lis dame, Sano.

when I of bebé 28. 1834

The reason

سیان

فتد ممد

nst Received

the same compensation as others

Fire

is jellems

From ill healtà Imar

to leave china

hell

Pauf 1841 leas my alain in the hands Agent Mr. J. Smith, Juin of heyfast. the majestie's thenipotefterfly whis et Mofear/called in aux plais al claims, but mine, My Agent not to in his shinion Lufficibully author ises to net for me, and thus,

and thus my sis

iver

पं

desent

the her majesty's tenipotention étum to tafs, socketry in 1841. I applied to him for the ge

bcing out of

respet me

ffice

그다

众

ces, but t

مد

and there whlied to her mas

Menipotentary Sin d. to theuser,

much Pressure of befitine's

£. an

four

could not get

a decides and w

The facts stated in this other

parties in thir

сё

be seintie

counter wir

losers at the same time, and

leccised their tion, moreover

heade will

очь

مند

ماس ہے ۔

406 carla.

the leevent of demands

f the chinese govern

all prove that the Amount detaine

was admitted

Landon Dec 17.1848.

I semain

Youdardshiper

Board

Trad

Extured

.U. Addington Eve

MINUTE 29.

MrElliot

YPM vinde 2

Rilawes Fadlren

In auguel 19

cry

Lear

2321 Hong Henry

ندگی

407

127419.

Sem diveted

divested byced

Grow to thaumist to you

for the Corsedivat on and

decision of Viscount . Palmerston

the accomparing letter from Mer L. Jush Greferming

a clown to compressation

вильн from the Chinese hidem:

Mily Fund for leppes

sustained in the

the gean

1839. Greviously to the breaking out of the War

in that Courstry

Board

of Trade

ELE

Just Cype

вре

555-China

408

}

Letter sent to WLomplying

Address New Court Lurting Lave Must's address not

الله

نگ

27Jm/49

Iame devited by rast

Grey, to acquaint

reply to your

you

letter of

the

19. letto . that the clarins

being geven in her heller

19 ke

which

be you

have prefered

from the

Fund

to compensation from

Chinese Indemnity

for losses sustained sier

the

bogen 1887. has been

Jean

referred to the

Gomman

of Hong Kong for his report_ Ine

.10

List of

Documents

409

Board

Trade

E.I

fee

A claim enclosed Captu Elliott B' tublic hotice, xemand

lists of Losses à de mi

C list of property dusting the taking off Caution

of any

I Fublic is thee to kno

Part of precherts formerly Land and had theen lednings

F. Letter to day what had been

Censured I Естей

est the presunt trade,

It now thans

Board

of Trade

ELF

free

410

List of Hallo Que from Phiness

Subjects

Allen. J Alee

thing

Mehef

est

merchant"

116

ރރ

کی کی

Lything

ملكة

hing

Merchant ting. Merchant

Things Linguist

800

153

100

147

$425

Caution may

23.

1839.

Just & Lom

U.SC. Poster

من المير

Board

Trade

ᅥ

ELF

weig

the

726.

N° 4. tuttia Police

مت

411

contineations inat. Love Moves undersigned to give trblie hotice to all beef majesty's Sun without (cauffidence

مند

aud

Pay's subjects chat be

in the, ustice

deration of the prospeccial

angerous,

дело

bere

poems ment, me: The dange

днем resented, and unenhtained microstan

Виен

of a tublic execution before the factories of caution, to the in

mement Layaid of life property, and tatial disssgard of the bonon, and Miquity, of his son, and the other western grichment; whare j'ap

beently flying

weee

In that Iquare:

I the

the unusual assentblage of stroops, becsel of thar, fire thing, ambe other

and other memming mehriations; the communication, command of Be (novincial gosentment, that in the trecent pasture to affairs

we were mo

store

air the

Longer #leek

Jou

the

theshorts to leave Caution / according to

foreigner

the jouies of a

ключо

countries, and

Funnels of rexton, if not

شاک هیدرمن

declared when at least its immediate,

estor, if not an det of

incartable, reliminary):

:and

lastly, the

Carm

temning language of the sligh

and snosvincial authorities,

missionch

of the treat general abblication, and hark and bioleift character, flording It there. fore, impassable to

tain continued

meu

exceful interconce with Lafely

JI-

Boa

Tra

advantage, till definite

Love

and

Salisfan y explanations have, rassed in all Here has then lars, both to besheet the

as this and the future

The

نکو دتر

undersigned how to give further notice that he she josteusita demand hxes ports for all se

i of her majesty's subjectidskway thin to 'nfrced aut lifte, within the the The date that his ar

Ten days

cation. Hoibes the

govemment. Luch

hate hereafter to be made known

Aud be has to Counsel, and

Лих all bee

сидень

azi

majesty's Subjects in urgent ten Liz take ifunboiates the carattions Musing

their tro hecty on board the Fiteduce, Kwell, ain? George the ty, or at al Kiitish vessels at Atharppas, to be conve

Chant del Lealed declaratiske and list of all actu Claims against chinese subjects, toget mity du estimate of all loss,

suffered or lesson of the

The

relivered.

hoceed

hinese croemulent, and he has ju to give notice that the Portiquece poseti

диме дневния of this tellement has alleady Inledgerid d her majesty's Subjekti, Residenti Lection in listamer to long

no concrete

To afford

Roby shall be Junsuring within the limits of the Settlement banianze with the laws of this empirice and he has most especially to wan - majesty's Subject thatt Luck thr

new

2.4

پر

こん

412

may be maressary to anaht

the port of her majesty's go

dokt

groenment thout pither hottie thake the tresent cannot the rejudiced by their cantine en resident in Canton beyoud the period Ashantitie

inties

fined) upon their

aru

without for the sway

undersigned, and he has

jurther to give notice that of the pass- pants shall be refused for those

be will be driven

those than three

Days from the phate that his application thall reach the provincial govemment, to the fuclusion that it is their punhose to detain at her traj -esty's bubjects as hostages;

نے

pes; and trend.

brom

to tintinfidate them into unsuitable canagisis

and ter

tenns, by the restraint of their rectous,

rectors or by violence whom their Pises and two party, bu by the death of halen Merchants in immediate connexion, with them, both by ties of friend this and of intieres::; on by the like reatmen of their native Servants

مفتت

The underligned,

conclusion, most helpect, allly submits there obten nations to the allention of all the foreign and the respective

ovemment

Jajeeling

closely united by a community of

and inter

thot only

only in their quartiers of the globe, but is at exheritt,

in this reculifan country, he feels that the

her منذ

and am actif All-

Boa

Tra

them

بار

this

SOL

humble assistance in his the

afix all similar sccasions, when

they may be of pinion that he utiful to he

سارخ

ел

Jiven under hey this

hand

кайд айд

cau

and heal

List

سه

office at macam, Thao tumenty, thier Day Mequch, one

pesh, the Chand and light. Hender thirty-rine

Charles Elliill

chees

Luperintendent

Luby

of hose of british bab

те

Chink

پلینزا

1841.

Lange

443

Property The

last, and estivsed

latify for Canton

Jummatime

tity Linical Clock

Safete, soh An Achenb

100

e At

de Bo

123, Abscondian

Bolog

day Articles too hume

1805 50

Boal

Trac

E.J

ནཱ

)

ublic Notice

منتقبة

414

It is requested that lasties who submitted to the cheif Superintendent Schedules of trope to left behind in Caution. On the 244 Meofy last, will be Mensed to Call at this

office

Bay or before

the 8th Instant, and set forth the Amounts temaining at the date

Respective Appearance.

ـسـنده

часла

Jeept,

多

E. Elmslie

Treatmen

To the Superintendent.

Macnor August 8. 1859.

August

Board

of Tradi

E.L

jel

415

Sabella Gloughing

Capt. C. Elliott. th. варке.

Lin

Cheif Superintendent

Wiitish Prase

Leg. Leave the

China

acquaint

to me overed thi

yon of I harking te Menstion's proper Chinese

лиде

Chinese In Panton

Pemain Sie

مند

дам

100.-

红茶

мира

1600-

$160.

List of Lashes

منا

Leuchi Ling

uist

llo

Allen Elling merchant-

359

114

Alces

Shchef

Means Fanfi

Thing

194 800

Minghua. Rong merchant 124

my thing Long

Jory

лизор

www.

من الرحيم

Much rut you.

160

Lors

مدل

time Rishoye

100

1147 64251

by tech # 18. the ginent For Brick 1805

کی کو

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34 Cornhill 20 Jang48-5.8

10 trong trong

My Lord

JAN. 1

1848

They to lay before your biship - a copy of the Correspon bochip- denislaid before Partrétative my conditional resignation with Höffice in Hongkong come explanatory noter, Kine doing Irenture to express my regret that the whole of my etter to MN Stephere of 18 July 1844 as not been printed, could afford additional

the reasons

of the

as it

s that

nduced me to return to England.

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The galso to submit to the compre -deration

by the forer Lowship altosence my soberingn.

419

wn before off in a mistaken apponinia Parts on our Commerciation of that responsibility,

Relations with China".

too Zealous an exercise

Hover

or in

That my lord - that to the information ottanie -ever estoncour maghauthane for freted the Confidence er which your been myviews of the reason the dept sibility of my position inforote

additional Chika, _ Softhe sacrafice deed a heavy which I thought it my dufenatly to the suffering already to make, that it will be accursed. A pologizing forther intrusion on the time of gaur -mitted that at least I havntrusion

forthip_ Than

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This

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***

190, trong Kong.

1840.

Mr. Merivale.

21 Jautr. 1848.

In compliance with Minute of

send you

420

& your

of yesterday's date I

the volume

Hong Kong Corespondence

[ Vol. 5 - 1844) which contains the Letter referred to by MM.

Martin.

think you

Montgomery

On perusing it I think, with find that if it had been

laid in extenso before Parliament the agreement between this Office and Mr Martin " that the correspondin

" in question should be

strictly limited to those papers

which related to

his resignation would

итро

Board

Trad

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ice

have been departed from.

ako ?

/ 130 HongKong

R. Montgomery Martin Lay.

Forwardedby MR3d

Joy

34 Cornhill.

EnD / 212

421

DS. 28th Jan. 1848,

Sir

Jown directed

JBMerivale 26 Mallawes 2 Earl Grey 20

by Earl Grey to acknowledg

the receipt of your

Letter

of the 20" Justant, Enclosing a Copy of the Correspondence laid before Parliament- relating to your resignation of the Office of Tiensure of Stony Kong; together. with a copy of your. Evidence before Parliament

ausal the fommercial relations of this Country

with China

Shave &

in 130 Hong Kong

With Mr Martin's Comple

348

MR. MONTGOMERY MARTIN.

RETURN to an Address of the Honourable The House of Commons, dated 2 July 1847;-for,

"COPY of CORRESPONDENCE of Mr. Montgomery Martin with the Secretary

of State for the Colonies, relating to his RESIGNATION of the Office of Treasurer of Hong Kong."

With Explanatory notes.

Colonial Office, Downing-street,

22 July 1847.

treet,}

743.

(Viscount Sandon.)

Ordered, by The House of Commons, to be Printed,

23 July 1847.

B. HAWES.

422

423

Board

Trad

ELF

No.

[ i ]

SCHEDULE.

DATE.

1. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq, to

James Stephen, Esy.

18 July 1844

2. Lord Stanley to Governor Sir J. F.

Davis, Bait.

3. Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart.

to Lord Stanley.

4 Lord Stanley to Governor Sir

J. F. Davis, Bart.

5. Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart. to

Lord Stanley.

6. Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart, to

Lord Stanley.

7. Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart. to

Lord Stanley.

SUBJECT.

That a severe attack of illness has obliged him to leave Hong Kong requesting to be permitted to return to England; enclosing Certificate of Colonial Surgeon, recommending that a temporary leave of absence be granted to Mr. Martin

6 Dec. 1844 That be has received a communication from Mr. Martin. requesting to be relieved from the situation of 'Treasurer of Hong Kong; directing the Governor to accept his resignation, should he repeat the offer of it

1 May 1845 Enclosing Letter from Mr. Martin, stating his wish to

continue in office

25 Mar. 1845 Enclosing copy of Communication from Mr. Martin against the retention of Hong Kong as a British Cokmy, and requesting the Governor to report as to the facts, and inferences drawn by Mr. Martin in his statement

25 April 1845 Reasons for dissent from Mr. Martin's views as to Hong Kong; that his statements were exaggerated and partial

24 June 1845 Further with respect to Mr. Martin's statement, enclosing copy of Correspondence with Mr. Martin, and Estimated Revenue of the Colony from 1 April 1845 to 1 April 1846

[iii]

No.

DATE.

SUBJECT.

PAGE.

19. Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery

Martin, Esq.

6 April 1846

In reply, that Mr. Secretary Gladstone is not aware of any question depending between Government and Mr. Martin which could be made the subject of a private interview, or of an inquiry either in or out of Parliament

PAGE,

20. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary Gladstone.

7 April 1846 Quoting remarks from the "Times" Newspaper, in con- firmation of his Report on Hong Kong, and as justifying his coming to England to bring the attairs of China under the consideration of Government

21. Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery 15 April 1846 In reply; that whether the statement in the "Times"

Martin, Esq.

Newspaper be accurate or not, it was not the duty of a subordinate Officer at Hong Kong to repair to this country without the consent of the Governor

22. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary Gladstone.

8 April 1846 Further, in explanation of the causes which led to his conditional resignation of office; stating the nature of his intended application to Parliament

23. Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery 20 April 1845 In reply; Her Majesty's Government will raise no objec-

Martin, Esq.

tion to the production to Parliament of so much of the Correspondence as will not be injurious to individuals, or prejudice Her Majesty's service

24. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to 16 April 1846 In reply to Letter of 15 April, justifying his conduct in

to Lord Lyttelton.

returning to England

25. Lord Lyttelton to R, Montgomery 22 April 1846 In reply to preceding Letter; that Mr. Secretary Glad-

Martin, Esq.

stone must regard the Correspondence on the subject as baving reached its close

21 April 1846 With reference to Lord Lyttelton's Letter of the 20th instant, requesting that bis Reports on Hong Kong and Chusan may be added to the Papers

27. Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery 30 April 1846 That Lord Lyttelton's Letter of the 20th instant referred

Martin, Esq.

25.

26. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to

Lord Lyttelton.

8 July 1845 Reporting Mr. Martin's resignation of the office of Colonial

Treasurer, and appointment of Mr. Mercer

8. Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart, to

Lord Stanley.

9 July 1845 Further, respecting the resignation of Mr. Martin -

exclusively to Correspondence connected with Mr. Martin's resignation; any motion for the production to Parliament of other Papers will be resisted

9. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq., to

Lord Stanley.

8 July 1845 Enclosing copy of Correspondence with the Governor of Hong Kong, and soliciting Lord Stanley's consideration of Mr. Martin's statement

28. Petition of R. Montgomery Martin

Esq. to Her Majesty.

1 May 1846 Praying for a full inquiry into his conduct

10. James Stephen, Esq. to R. Mont-

gomery Martin, Esq.

7 Jan. 1846 That Mr. Secretary Gladstone concurs with Lord Stanley

in considering Mr. Martin's resignation as final

29. Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery

Martin, Esq.

12 May 1846 12 May 1846

That Mr. Gladstone has been unable to advise Her Ma-

jesty to accede to the prayer of his Petition

→

30. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary Gladstone.

11. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary Gladstone.

13 Jan. 1846 That Mr. Martin's tendered resignation was conditional, and dependent on information he had laid before Go- vernment; requesting that his statements may be dis- cussed; suggesting that he does not deserve to be deprived of employment in Her Majesty's service.

13 May 1846 Requesting that his Petition may be referred to the Privy Council, and that he may be permitted, at his own expense, to substantiate the truth of his statements

31. Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery 18 May 1846 In reply; that Her Majesty's Executive Government

Martin, Esq.

12. James Stephen, Esq. to R. Mont- 31 Jan. 1846 That inquiry has been made of Lord Stanley's private

gomery Martin, Esq.

Secretary as to Mr. Martin's statements, and from the reply of Lieut.-colonel Wilbraham, Mr. Secretary Gladstone must regard the resignation of Mr. Marti as finally accepted

must reserve to itself the responsibility for the decision of questions of this nature; the Queen cannot be advised to refer the investigation of his Petition to the Privy Council, or to any Committee thereof

32. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to 8 July 1846 On the circumstances upon which he undertook the duties

Earl Grey.

of Treasurer of Hong Kong, requesting Earl Grey's perusal of certain documents, and asking for inquiry into the correctness of his statements

13. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to

S. H. Northcote, Esq.

30 Jan. 1846 Requesting to be informed whether Mr. Secretary Glad- stone will sauction his Reports relative to Hong Kong, Chusan, &c., being laid before Parliament

33. B. Hawes, Esq. to R. Montgomery 13 July 1846 In reply, that Lord Grey concurs in the opinion of his

Martin, Esq.

two predecessors in office in regard to the resignation of Mr. Martin

14. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to

James Stephen, Esq.

3 Feb. 1846 In reply to Letter of 31 January, explanatory of his com- munication with Lord Stanley; hoping he will not be denied the means of justifying himself

34. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to 14 July 1846 Requesting to be informed of the ground on which his

Earl Grey.

conditional resignation of the Treasurership of Hong Kong was received

15. Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery

Martin, Esq.

6 Feb. 1846 In reply to the two preceding Letters; as Mr. Gladstone cannot ascribe any official character to Mr. Martin's Reports, any motion for their production to Parliament will be resisted

35. B. Hawes, Esq. to R. Montgomery

Martin, Esq.

21 July 1846 In reply; that Lord Stanley and Mr. Gladstone con- sidered Mr. Martin's resignation as final, and Lord Grey concurs in the view taken by his predecessors

16. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to 2 Mar. 1846 With regard to Mr. Martin's resignation; requesting a

S. H. Northcote, Esq.

17. Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery

Martin, Esq.

18. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary Gladstone,

Committee of three gentlemen to be appointed to examine into his conduct in China; forwarding. Abstract and Memorandum of his proceedings there

36. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to

B. Hawes, Esq

18 July 1846 Enclosing copy of Letter to the Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong, conveying his conditional resignation of the Treasurership

7 Mar. 1846 That Mr. Secretary Gladstone cannot institute the inquiry

suggested; no advantage can be anticipated from pro longing the discussion

37. B. Hawes, Esq. to R. Montgomery 27 July 1846 In reply; that Lord Grey considers Mr. Martin's coming

Martin, Esq.

to this country as a resignation of his office, and cust regard that resignation as final

31 Mar. 1846 Submitting a statement of his proceedings in China, and requiring a personal interview to substantiate his state- ments; whether any inquiry into his conduct will be granted, or any opposition offered to a Parliamentary. inquiry

38. R. Moutgomery Martin, Esq. to

Earl Grey.

4 Dec. 1846 Transmitting the First Part of a Report on China, pre- pared by Mr. Martin for the Board of Trade; and ex- pressing a hope that Earl Grey will grant the inquiry sought-

743.

(continued)

[iv]

No.

DATE.

SUBJECT.

PAGE.

39. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to

Earl Grey.

1 Jan. 1847

Transmitting Second Part of Mr. Martin's General Re- port on China; that his Letter of the 4th December has not been noticed

Boat

Trad

E.1

40. B. Hawes, Esq. to R. Montgomery 13 Jan 1847 Having nothing to add to the communications made by

Martin, Esq.

his Lordship's predecessors, Lord Grey did not consider it necessary to return an answer to the Letter of the 4th December

41. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to 23 June 1847 Requesting that the Correspondence connected with his

Earl Grey.

resignation from office may be laid before Parliament - 32

42. B. Hawes, Esq. to R. Montgomery 28 June 1847 In reply; on the understanding that the Correspondence.

Martin, Esq.

shall be strictly limited to those Papers which relate to Mr. Martin's resignation, no objection will be raised to its production

43. R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to 28 June 1847

Earl Grey.

28 June 1847

That the object of the motion shall be limited to the Cor-

respondence relating to bis conditional resignation of office

[ 1 ]

COPY of CORRESPONDENCE of Mr. Montgomery Martin with the Secretary of State for the Colonies, relating to his RESIGNATION of the Office of TREASURER Of Hong Kong.

-No. 1.-

424

EXTRACT of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq., to J. Stephen, Esq., dated Macao, 18 July 1844.

No. I.

A SEVERE attack of illness obliged me to leave Hong Kong as soon as I could R. Montgomery be moved. My health had been for some time declining, and the colonial Martin, Esq. to surgeon, as you will perceive by the enclosed certificate, ordered me to sea. 18 July 1844.

J. Stephen, Esq. I was preparing to do so when my illness became aggravated. I have slightly rallied here, but am reduced to a skeleton, and the doctor says, a cruise at sea for two months affords the only chance of my recovery, but that my constitution

will not stand this climate. I earnestly implore Lord Stanley to relieve me his letter ought

and permit my return to England. My office here is a useless expense to the

سمجھے

colony. The whole colonial and consular payments may be made through the have been given. Commissariat (as was the case when I arrived), without one shilling additionalentire, il explains expense. I have arranged the payments and receipts of each colonial and consular office, so that if Lord Stanley wishes to retain a treasurer here, anyin China & shows. man of integrity and common abilities may perform the duties.

My our position: I have laboured long and earnestly for the welfare of my country, and I trust early why dasked that the boon I now seek, of being recalled from a station which is undermining bermission to my constitution, will be granted me by return of post. I have nearly com-return to Ene land pleted my Report on Hong Kong for Lord Stanley. I am collecting materials

England for a Report on the general commerce of China, with separate Reports on the tea and opium trades. I am also collecting materials for a Report on the five consular stations in China. All these will, I trust, contain information useful to Government. I expect to have these ready by Christmas next, by which time I hope to be favoured with Lord Stanley's permission to return to England, and for which I shall feel deeply grateful.

Enclosure in No. 1.

MEDICAL CERTIFICATE.

I no hereby certify, that Robert Montgomery Martin, esq., has been for some time past suffering from general debility, with frequent feverish attacks, and threatenings of dysentery, which render it highly advisable that a temporary absence from Hong Kong should be permitted, and I do strongly advise that leave of absence should be granted to him for six weeks, to proceed to sea or to the N. E. coast.

Victoria, Hong Kong,

3 July 1844.

(signed)

Alexander Anderson,

Colonial Surgeon.

(No. 63.)

- No. 2. -

Encl. in No 1.

COPY of a DESPATCH from Lord Stanley to Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart.

Downing-street, 6 December 1844.

No. 2.

Lord Stanley to Governor Sir

Sir, MR. STEPHEN has placed in my hands a letter addressed to him by Mr. J. F. Davis. Montgomery Martin, requesting to be relieved from the situation of Treasurer 6 December 1844. of Hong Kong.

743.

Under

425

Iwas

No. 3. Governor Sir

J. F. Davis to Lord Stanley.

1 May 1845.

I was absent

twice, once a hen Iwas carrical

almost dying

CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

Under the circumstances stated by Mr. Martin, I can have no hesitation in directing you to accept his resignation of his office, should he repeat to you the offer of it; but he must distinctly understand, that it will not be in my power to offer him another situation elsewhere.

In the event of his resignation, you will offer the appointment of treasurer of Hong Kong to Mr. C. Stewart, who, I understand, discharged the duties of the office under an appointment from Sir H. Pottinger, previously to the arrival in the colony of Mr. Martin.

(No. 49.)

- No. 3. -

I have, &c. (signed) Stanley.

Cory of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart., to Lord Stanley.

My Lord,

Victoria, Hong Kong, 1 May 1845.

On the receipt of your Lordship's despatch, No. 63, of December 6th, relating to the subject of Mr. Treasurer Martin's proffered resignation, I commu- nicated its purport to that gentleman, from whom the enclosed reply has been received, stating his wish to continue in his present office, as long as his health enables him to discharge its dutics.

I need scarcely observe, that repeated recurrences of absence on account of ill health, similar to those which Mr. Martin has already applied for, would produce the most serious embarrassment, from the great difficulty and responsi- bility that must always attend the providing a substitute.

board the Lover a mint the pool,

in accordance with the immediate instructions of the Colonial Serrgeon; I secondly woken for a week it Canton ducking the Easter Holidays, still very weak

Encl. in No. 3.

Sir,

Enclosure in No. 3.

I have, &c. (signed)

J. F. Davis.

Colonial Treasury, 29 April 1845.

I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt, this day, of your letter, No. 182, request- ing to be informed, "without loss of time, whether I still wish to be relieved from the situation of treasurer of this colony."

When suffering from severe illness and depression in July last, I wrote to Mr. Under- secretary Stephen, and to the best of my recollection expressed a hope that Lord Stanley would be pleased to relieve me, as I found the climate of this island destructive to my health, and as I did not see there was any useful object gained by retaining me here.

By the advice of the colonial surgeon I made a voyage to the N. E. coast of China for six weeks, which temporarily recruited me, but the recurrence of warm weather has pro- duced a return of the symptoms of the disease under which I suffered last year, with aggravated indications, threatening the breaking up of my constitution.

I am unwilling, however, from any personal considerations to abandon my duty, as it appears to be the determination of Her Majesty's Government to maintain a distinct Treasury department for the civil establishment of this island; I shall, therefore, so long as my strength lasts, endeavour to the utmost of my ability to fulfil the trust reposed in me.

I have, &c. (signed)

The Hon. F. W. A. Bruce,

Colonial Secretary.

(True copy.) (signed) Frederick W. A. Bruce.

R. M. Martin.

-No. 4.-

(No. 97.)

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

No. 4.

Copy of a DESPATCH from Lord Stanley to Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart.

Sir,

Downing-street, 25 March 1845. WITH reference to my despatch of the 17th* December last, No. 66, I transmit to you herewith, the copy of a further communication addressed to my Under-secretary of State by Mr. Montgomery Martin, repeating in very British strong terms his arguments against the retention of Hong Kong as a colony. I have to request you to report to me your opinion of the accuracy of Mr. Martin's facts, and the inferences which he draws from them; I must also request you to inform Mr. Martin, that it will be impossible for me here- after to take cognizance of any communications from him, unless sent accord- ing to the official regulation, through yourself; and that I regret that it is not in my power to hold out to him the prospect of employment in any other part of Her Majesty's dominions.

Dear Sir,

Enclosure in No. 4.

I have, &c. (signed)

Stanley.

No. 4. Lord Stanley to

Governor Sir

J. F. Davis.

25 March 1845.

20 November 1844.

Hong Kong, 20 November 1844, SINCE I had the honour of addressing you in July, I have been severely afflicted with Encl. in No. 4. fever and diarrhea, and nearly at the point of death. It has pleased an ever-merciful Providence to spare my life, and I returned to Hong Kong from Chusan and the N, E. coast in the beginning of September, with my health somewhat improved, but my frame very debilitated, and I fear my constitution much impaired, at least for a continued resi- dence in a tropical climate. The sickness here this season has been very great, bui excepl- ing the numerous deaths among the troops, the mortality has not been so extensive as last year. The Governor was unwell before he went to Chusan, in September; the Chief Justice was given over, and is now but slowly recovering; his eldest daughter is dead, and his son is going home an invalid. The Colonial Secretary, Mr. Bruce, was almost despaired of, and is still a convalescent on board Her Majesty's ship "Castor." The Auditor, Mr. Shelley, has had fever twice, and is now on sick certificate at Macao. The Surveyor-gene- ral is absent on sick leave; his assistant is nearly as ill as his chief; and the Civil Engineer has had fever twice, and obliged to go to Macao for his health.

I have had two chief clerks since my arrival, one is dead, the other dying, and I was unable to get continuous work for a week out of either. The official accounts and official correspondence of all the departments are in arrear, in concequence of the incapability of the clerks to stand the effects of the climate, which sooner or later undermines the most robust frame, and after a severc illness renders a man utterly unfit for a longer residence in Hong Kong, if mental or bodily labour be required. The troops have suffered and are still suf fering (although cold weather has set in) dreadfully. The returns to the Horse Guards, and the letters of the commanding officer, Major-general D'Aguilar, present a melancholy picture; General D'Aguilar reports, that three years' residence in Hong Kong suffice to destroy, by death, an entire European regiment.

For some time the deaths in Her Majesty's 98th regiment have averaged one man every day; last week six deaths occurred in 24 hours; the strength of the men not in hospital is so reduced, that they are unable to wear a knapsack on parade, and at guard-mounting, the General does not require the troops on the ground to stand with shouldered arms. I have been in the most sickly countries, but never felt anything equal to depressing influence of the climate of Hong Kong, whose unhealthiness is proverbial to the Chinese on the adja- cent main land.

When Lord Stanley honoured me with the offer of treasurer of this colony, I was unwil- ling to appear even ungrateful of his kindness, and resolved under any risk to fulfil the duty assigned me, and to the best of my ability to place his Lordship in possession of such information as might be useful to Her Majesty's Government. With this object in view I prepared (with perfect disinterestedness) a "Report ou Hong Kong," and a "Report on Chusan," which I laid before Mr. Davis, with a respectful request that he would trans- mit these reports to Lord Stanley. Mr. Davis has transmitted the "Report on Hong Kong," to Lord Stanley, and the * Report on Chusan," to the Earl of Aberdeen,

pray your early and serious consideration of those reports; I beg your oblivion as to who the writer may be, and that you will view the facts and reasonings therein contained with the comprehensive and far-seeing eye that you possess. Whatever of public reputa-

tion

* Lord Stanley's Despatel of the 17th December 1844, No. 66, acknowledges Sir J. F. Davis's en/ Despatch, enclosing a Report by Mr. M. Martin upon_the_Island of Hong Kong, and the expediency,

in a political and commercial point of view, of its retention by Great Britain.

743-

A 2

13. His report in Hong Kông, ought to to have been given as it formul

one of the chait leave

its truth in every

ory

Coming

of my comin articular.

to England, I time has proved

426

it is now no

[

CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

tion may possess, I stake it on the question raised whether Hong Kong or Chusan ought to be the seat of British power in China. I am supported in the views I have taken by Major- Singer a question, general D'Agnilar, by Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Cochrane, by Brigadier Chesney, by Commissary-general Coffin, by Colonel Campbell, of Her Majesty's 98th, by the chief medical officer, the principal Military Engineer, and by the frank avowal of the French Admiral, and by the United States special Ambassador, that Hong Kong was valueless as a trading emporium, as a military post, or as a colony of any European nation. I believe that Mr. Davis, first opposed my views as to Hong Kong, and that he has thus expressed himself to Lord Stanley; in this he was supported by the Colonial Secretary and Auditor, but since Mr. Davis visited Chusan in September, his views of that place have materially changed, and since the recent illness of Mr. Bruce and Mr. Shelley, their sentiments are mucli altered. Almost every one here has bought building allotments, or own houses, from which they derive a large rental, and they are therefore very adverse to any diminu- tion of Government expenditure, or to any transfer of the seat of Government to Chusati. My

letters to Mr. Trevelyan (which I hope he will show you, as the closing post leaves me no time for detail) will indicate the danger we are in of another war with China.

connected; eve

Government

to prevent t

کا کے مرغ کیسے

of wer anxianer

desire,

The war party are now the cabinet at Pekin; Muchangah, the person most opposed to Europeans, is prime minister; and one of his first measures was the degradation of Keying, on account of his having betrayed the interests of the Chinese Empire to " Barbarians." I have shown, I think, how the possession of Chusan would save the fearful calamity of

another war.

If no effort be made to retain Chusan permanently (although I feel confident it can be done without any breach of treaty), then I respectfully submit there can be no necessity for the British Government expending 100,000l. per annum for mere civil purposes on this barren rock, while the utmost amount of revenue to be raised cannot exceed 10,000 /. a year. If any great future object is to be attained, then let the present large expenditure of blood and treasure go on, and I, for one, will submit to be a cheerful viction for my country's welfare. But I am prepared to prove there can be no justifiable grounds for spending here nearly half a million sterling from the resources of the British Exchequer, and if I do not prove this, let the loss of my official position in Her Majesty's service be the penalty. With the view of placing before Lord Stanley the information I have obtained, I respectfully solicit from his Lordship leave of absence to proceed overland to England, the leave not to exceed six months, and the journey to be defrayed at my own cost. Should I not demonstrate to his Lordship's complete satisfaction, that I was perfectly justified in soliciting this leave, let me be dismissed Her Majesty's service. My duties may be performed by the Commissariat during my absence, as they were before my arrival, or Mr. Mercer, the Governor's private secretary, shall receive half my salary as locum tenens. I an aware of the labour, risk, expense, and above all, the danger I incur of Lord Stanley's displeasure; but confiding in the justness of my views, I will gladly submit to any penalty which may be the forfeiture of my failure. It will add to the obligations you have con- ferred on me, if the answer to this request be transmitted by the ensuing mail which leaves England for China after your receipt of this letter. General D'Aguilar, and the Attorney- general, are favourable to my being permitted leave of absence for six months, to lay my statements before Lord Stanley; but General D'Aguitar is of opinion that Mr. Davis would not grant me the leave I seek, as I would be enabled then by viva voce, to substantiate my own views; for this reason, I have not applied to Mr. Davis, with whom, however, I am on the most friendly terms. The treaty provides for the cession of Chusan to the Chinese Government 25 December 1845; there is therefore no time to be lost on the subject. But if I receive an answer to this letter in April or in May, I would be able to reach England in time to allow of instructions being sent to Mr. Davis, not to restore Chusan until the final decision of Her Majesty's Government be known. Ere that time, I have little doubt that Mr. Davis will become convinced than Chusan alone can be the depository of the British power in China.

Should Lord Stanley not be pleased to comply with my request for six months' leave of absence, and that Chusan be restored to the Chinese, then there can be no necessity for retaining a treasurer here, and incurring a charge of several thousand a year, when the whole of my duties may be transferred to the Commissariat Department. The abolition of my

office may

with public advantage take place.

I say this in perfect sincerity, as I have never permitted my own interests to interfere with what might be conducive to the advantage of the State. I shall therefore have to rely on Lord Stanley's goodness, and entreat his transfer of me to some other position. Here, as a mere cashier of the suus required by the Colonial and Consular services, I could be of no use to Her Majesty's Governinent, and I cannot conscientiously receive 1,200 7. per annum, when I am incapacitated by my position of serving the Crown, or of doing aught which may be creditable to myself.

James Stephen, Esq.

&c. &c. &c.

I remain, &c.

(signed) R. M. Martin.

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

(No. 44.)

No. 5.

EXTRACT of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart., to Lord Stanley; dated Victoria, Hong Kong, 25 April 1845.

No. 5.

IN despatch No. 66, of the 17th December, your Lordship desires me to Governor Sir furnish a report as to the points on which I dissent from the views stated by J. F. Davis to Mr. Martin, in a paper of observations which I forwarded at that gentleman's Lord Stanley.

25 April 1845- request.

Colony

Ad a

objections to Hong Kong are founded on an apprehension of its peculiar unhealthiness, the improbability of raising a local revenue, and its inutility as a an entrepôt for trade; I shall endeavour to show that his statements were Political Station, exaggerated and partial, and I am still of opinion that Mr. Martin wrote under a feeling of strong prejudice, founded in apprehensions for his personal health, regarding which he is remarkably sensitive, and on account of which he has had more leave of absence than any individual in the service. Your Lordship Untrue! will have observed in that gentleman's paper, that he suggests the expediency

of his being provided for in some other colony.

(No. 85.)

No. 6.

Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart., to Lord Stanley.

My Lord,

Victoria, Hong Kong, 24 June 1845. WITH reference to your Lordship's despatch, No. 97, of March 25th, forward- Governor Sir ing copy of a letter from Mr. Martin to the Under-secretary of State; I beg J. F. Davis to to observe, that my despatch No. 44, of April 25th, will have anticipated much Lord Stanley. that I might have said in answer to that letter, although the nature of some of 24 June 18.45. its statements requires a specific notice.

Lover? Davis Mr. Martin commences with the climate, observing, however, that "the requested the mortality has not been so extensive as last year." Among the victims to sick-Colon Surgeon ness before he wrote, he enumerates myself, whom your Lordship may deem hot to tention

Kis dllnesse competent to deny the fact; and to add, that I never for a single day was unequal to my work. It is singular, that of a list of other official persons whom most of them he enumerates as labouring under attacks that render persons "utterly unfit for a longer residence, if mental or bodily labour be required," the whole number Come to England are now at their duties. These are, the Chief Justice, the Colonial Secretary,

Colon Vert the Auditor, the Surveyor general, and the Clerk of the Works. Mr. Martin Untrue. In race himself, not being able to obtain a sick certificate, addressed to me the enclosed/Coton & Surgion

application for leave of absence on other grounds, which by my answer also would have

have since

& Merveyor 'enclosed, I informed him, did not justify the abandonment of his duties with-

Coment

Wr Forlen out leave from home. The Colonial Regulations are quite clear on this point, as

your Lordship is aware.

ill

Dr Dikt

18 June,

No. 1.

----

19 June, No. 2.

کھ

Ho the known

کے سمر

ace resigned Mr. Martin has altogether misunderstood his position, as I have endeavoured a Certificate Wieräther

to show him in my reply to his letter enclosed herewith. A steady adherence to Thaw return his own duties as Treasurer would have prevented that restlessness which has. tokonekone kept him moving perpetually between this and one or other of the points on the coast, with no other result than the accumulation of arrears in his work,

it would displease the Governor, out

L-

declined racing question on the

Gersonal

indisposition

and the creation of such crude theories as these scampering visits of a few *ve days could afford.

I have before observed to your Lordship, that a comparison between Chusan Alleged the orignd Hong Kong is mere loss of time, unless the former place were still at our arrows, we all how option. Mr. Martin has not yet explained how it could be retained without a ground Broved to breach of treaty, after all the Chinese indemnity shall have been received.

It would have been well had Mr. Martin taken less liberty with others' black.

He even states that my views opinions as the alleged supporters of his own. had changed after a visit to Chusan, a place with which I was perfectly well acquainted before. He very improperly observes, that the sentiments of Messrs. Bruce and Shelley on a public question had been altered by "a recent illness;" and 743-

A 3

No. 5.

427

overnment opicer

می کمر

the Cotonisks

میری کو

Box & Hine any artit can

な

The Davis has serie con moved another war &

é les 22

threatened

with occrefying

نے تو اسی محمد

نسه

Hreer tip of the Bocce For

cible o con la

anton

الله کی گرم

I deprecated. the

Zebarrence

سے میں سمجھنے کی

CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

and I believe that most of the other authorities whom he cites would be found, on trial, to be no better supporters of Mr. Martin, than the Major-general above quoted.

But, I do not believe that a worse supporter of Mr. Martin's opinions could be found than the treasurer himself. Of Hong Kong he inconsistently, but most truly, observes, "almost every one here has bought building allotments, or own houses from which they derive a large rental (sic), and they are therefore very adverse to any diminution of Government expenditure, or to any transfer of the seat of government to Chusan." If the colonists are the best judges of their hopeless colony. own interests, your Lordship will perhaps consider this as a strange account of a

My surprise, on reading in Mr. Martin's letter, that we are "in danger of another war with China," could only be equalled by what I felt at his proposal that this should be averted by retaining Chusan, that is, violating the treaty of peace. If we are so near another war, I have been strangely remiss in not preparing your Lordship and the Earl of Aberdeen for the contingency. The fine levied on Keying (to which Mr. Martin alludes), was merely one mode of helping to recruit the desperate state of the Chinese finances. The Chinese Ministers' treaties with America and France have since been ratified by the Emperor, and he has been raised to the rank of a Cabinet Minister, for quietly preventing the French and American squadrons approaching the Peiho. With the observance of ordinary justice and moderation, though with a due assertion of our rights, I know of no country on earth with which war is so little probable. as China. During more than a year's diplomatic intercourse with the Govern- ~ment, I have, without once hinting at such an alternative, maintained the rights of our Consuls at Foochow-foo and Amoy, resisted monopolies and impositions on the trade, and asserted the Queen's sovereignty over this island; and, if a knowledge of the proper reserve to be maintained in the exercise of my high duties had not been sufficient, the very terror which the Chinese entertain of any recurrence to past scenes might have influenced a person of common generosity to abstain from any unnecessary allusion to the last alternative.

wat

Coldmity

without the Opium Monoroly Vother

I now descend to matters more within Mr. Martin's scope and experience, but in regard to which he is scarcely more fortunate. He states 10,000l. to be the utmost amount of revenue to be ever attainable, and his own estimate for the current year enclosed, is nearly 18,000, but much below what may be be obtained from the Crown Lands, and the rent-roll already exceeds 13,000/ expected. In another paper he predicted that more than 5,000/. could never

When he applies the magnifying end of the glass, with reference to expenditure, menopolies imfor he talks of spending "nearly half a million sterling" on this colony; while my For my statement despatch No. 79, of the 14th instant, will show that the whole estimated charge The revenue wed for public works, required subsequent to my arrival (supposing them to be all not amount authorized) will be 96,1457, to be completed in the course of the next two £10,000 2:Annum years.

在

24 June, No. 3.

Having thus, and in a previous despatch, No. 44, disposed of Mr. Martin's facts, I will leave his inferences to shift for themselves; and if I am accustomed to make less frequent allusions than the Treasurer in his letter to the effects of "a tropical climate," to "my perfect disinterestedness," to "my perfect sincerity," and to my readiness to be "a cheerfu! victim for my country's good," I hope your Lordship's knowledge of mankind will not give you a worse opinion of me on that account.

I will conclude by observing, that I cannot understand how the recommen- dation, that the Treasurer's business be transferred to the Commissariat, could be carried out; for if a treasurer is necessary in every other colony, he could hardly be dispensed with in this, when the Consular accounts are superadded to the Colonial. At the same time, if Mr. Martin's great wish, as he declares, is to be "transferred to some other position," I have every personal motive for wishing him success, if it were only to be relieved from much unprofitable discussion, while two distinct departments require my constant attention.

The enclosed letter has just reached me from Mr. Martin, declaring his intention of proceeding home without leave (in fact resigning) for the reasons he states. There is no proper person to substitute in his place, pending Mr. Stewart's arrival, except my private secretary, Mr. Mercer, whose father, a gentlemen

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG. gentleman of fortune, has tendered security to the amount of 10,0007. for his son, in any official situation. At the same time, Mr. Martin's securities must also be considered responsible. Relative of Gover? Davis, to whom he

I have, &c. Tory anxious to

situation which (signed) has beer vachnt his year

J. F. Davis.

Enclosure 1, in No. 6.

Colonial Treasury, Hong Kong, 18 June 1845.

Sir,

IN my recent "Minute on the British Position and Prospects in China," I ventured to Encl. 1, in No. 6. indicate, according to the best of my judgment, the mistakes committed during our past negotiations with the Chinese authorities, to demonstrate the apparent defects of our present policy, and to point out in some respects the course which it seems advisable to pursue previous to the evacuation of Chusan in February next.

Having devoted 20 years to an investigation of our colonial and commercial relations, I believe that my opinions thereon receive some attention at home, and that when Her Majesty's Government, unsolicitedly, selected me for office in China, it was expected I would be enabled to collect useful information.

Desirous of justifying the confidence reposed in me, I prepared and submitted several reports and documents to your Excellency, and these, together with a Commercial Report which I am framing for the Lords' Committee of the Privy Council for Trade, will I hope demonstrate that I have minutely examined affairs in China.

Although several of the conclusions at which I have arrived, after anxious investigation, may be at variance with those emanating from high authority, I trust I may without arro- gance ask a full and fair hearing for opinions originating in integrity of motive, and a solicitude to ascertain what would be most conducive to the trade and permanent interests of the British empire.

Being therefore convinced that an immediate investigation of our Anglo-Chinese policy is of the highest importance on general as well as on financial and commercial considera- tions; aware that the sentiments I entertain find little concurrence in England from several gentlemen who recently filled office in China, and thinking that Her Majesty's Government have been acting under some erroneous impressions, I am very desirous of personally placing before Her Majesty's Ministers the information collected, and the opinions thence deduced, after visiting every part of China accessible to Europeans.

For this purpose I have the honour to solicit from your Excellency leave of absence for six months, on the following terms; viz.-

1st. That I draw no salary for these six months.

2d. That I defray my own expenses to England.

3d. That if Her Majesty's Government decide there were no justifiable grounds for this application, that I resign my present office.

By granting my request no detriment whatever can accrue to the public service.

The treasury accounts are close up, the books are daily balanced, and all the required returns will be made to the 30th June.

I believe the payments on account of public works will be comparatively small for the next six months (or until final orders from home,) and I am certain that with ordinary care no delay or embarrassment can arise in the Treasury Accounts.

Confiding in the importance of the information which I believe it to be in my power to convey, and in the probability of its being duly appreciated by Her Majesty's Ministers, I ask permission to forego all my salary, to incur considerable expense, and to destroy, per- haps, my remaining strength by travelling during this hot and adverse season; and further, propose to risk my commission in Her Majesty's service, in order that I may have an opportunity of communicating personally to the authorities at home the result of my inquiries in this country.

His Excellency J. F. Davis,

Governor of Hong Kong, &c. &c. &c.

Sir,

1 have, &c. (signed)

Robert M. Martin.

Enclosure 2, in No. 6.

Colonial Office, Victoria, Hong Kong,

19 June 1845.

I AM directed by his Excellency the Governor to acknowledge the receipt of your Encl. 2, in No. 6. letter of yesterday's date, and to send you this reply.

The object of your present application is, to obtain the Governor's sanction to proceed- ing home for the reasons stated by you.

The regulations as to leave of absence by which the Governor is bound, are clear and peremptory, confining such leave to cases of serious indisposition requiring a change of

743.

climate.

A 4

CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

climate. But it is plain that such is not your own case, as among the personal sacrifices which you state you are ready to make for the public benefit, is the probable injury to your health, in quitting Hong Kong at the commencement of the hot season, to proceed to England.

Lord Stanley having appointed you to the responsible office of Colonial Treasurer, the substitution without absolute necessity, of any other person in your place, is an act of responsibility on his own part which the Governor does not feel justified in incurring.

Giving you full credit for all that you claim for yourself in the letter under reply, the Governor is bound to state that he has not received the slightest intimation from Her Majesty's Government (which alone can authorize his acts) concerning your employ- ment in the ways which you mention. Every paper, however, that you thought fit to offer has been forwarded home to the Colonial and Foreign Offices, and the same mode of com- municating your sentiments, in the fullest manner in writing, is always open to you. At each of the five consulates, a gentleman bearing Her Majesty's commission as Consul, has been placed for the express purpose of supplying the fullest and most careful information, and it is the duty of the Governor, as Plenipotentiary and Chief Superintendent, to report this to Her Majesty's Government, with a previous experience of Chinese diplomacy and commerce not inferior to your own.

Until, therefore, a stronger case of necessity can be made out than the one conveyed in your letter, the Governor, with the unanimous concurrence of the Executive Council, regrets his inability to sustain that degree of responsibility which must always attach to his acts where they deviate materially from the plain course indicated by his instructions and the usages of the service.

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG. Feeling strongly on these points as of high national importance, and believing that, however humble my rauk in Her Majesty's service, it is my bounden duty to my Sovereign to bring them under the early and serious consideration of Her Majesty's Ministers, and deeming that my personal attendance is indispensable to answer questions on the spot, and to explain various points which, even if time permitted, could not be done by a lengthened and tedious correspondence, I have resolved to undergo the responsibility of proceeding to England, to bring the whole question under the immediate attention of Her Majesty's Government; and I cannot help entertaining a confident hope, that when the magnitude and pressing exigency of the case is fully seen and understood, and the motives in which my conduct has originated been explained, I may rely on the justice and liberality of Lord Stanley and Her Majesty's Ministers.

My accounts are made up, and the monies under my charge ready to be transferred, on the half year ending 30th instant, to whomsoever his Excellency may be pleased to direct to officiate as Treasurer.

The Honourable F. W. A. Bruce,

Colonial Secretary.

I have, &c. (signed)

R. M. Martin.

428

Encl. 3. in No. 6.

R. M. Martin, Esq., Colonial Treasurer,

Sir,

&c. &c.

I bave, &c. (signed)

Frederich W. A. Bruce,

Colonial Secretary.

Enclosure 3, in No. 6.

Colonial Treasury, Hong Kong, 24 June 1845.

I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 19th instant, conveying to me the refusal of his Excellency the Governor to my application for six months' leave of absence, on the following grounds :-

1. "That the regulations by which the Governor is bound, as to leave of absence, are clear and peremptory, confining such leave to cases of serious indisposition requiring change of climate."

2. That "his Excellency does not feel justified in incurring an act of responsibility by the substitution of another person in my place," &c.

3. That "by granting the leave sought, his Excellency would materially deviate from the usages of the service."

In reply, I beg to observe that, 1st. the words of the Regulations (c. iv. p. 25) are "leave of absence should be confined as much as possible to cases of serious indisposition requiring change of climate." The regulations then proceed to define when leave of absence should be granted on private affairs. A fortiori, leave may be granted on public.

affairs.

2d. By granting the leave sought, no responsibility whatever would be incurred by his Excellency, as my sureties would stand good during my absence, as well as those of my locum tenens.

3d. By the usages of the service, colonial officers frequently obtain leave of absence to proceed to England, irrespective of sickness.

But even were the regulations clear and peremptory against leave of absence being granted except in cases of imminently fatal illness, I venture to think that the novel and peculiar position of Great Britain in China, the nature and prospects of this island as a new settlement, and the many years I have devoted to the study and personal exami- nation of other colonies, and to an investigation of the commercial and financial relations of England, might have rendered me an exception to the general rule, particularly as my temporary absence could be no detriment to the public service, and as I offered to take upon myself all the responsibility of my proceedings.

I put aside the question of my health (although it has been materially shaken by my residence and mental labours here). Life or death is of little moment compared with the great interests which England has at stake in China. These interests are too vast and and pro- pressing to be affected by individual considerations, or by the ordinary usages ceedings of the service, which are applicable to every day occurrences,

Whether I am right or wrong, I have endeavoured to demonstrate in my reports and minutes, that our affairs in China require immediate and special reconsideration and revi- sion; that time and experience have made manifest several mistakes, which if not rectified previous to the evacuation of Chusan, in February or March next, will be a subject of deep regret and serious injury; and that our policy and proceedings are not productive of the extended beneficial results which the British nation has a right to expect in China, and not commensurate with the large expenditure incurred on this coast.

Feeling

not paid Only promcised/

Deduct deposits on purchases

Remains due for 1845-46

Fees on leases for transfers, &c.

Crown Rents.-Sold to June 1844 Sales in July 1844

Will not be paid

Sales in December 1844 to Chinese

Ditto to Europeans

Will not be paid

Enclosure 4, in No. 6.

ESTIMATED REVENUE OF THE COLONY OF Hong Kong,

from 1st April 1845 to 1st April 1846.

+ som June 1841)

£. 2,323 550

£.

Encl. 4, in No. 6.

2. Of this Turn only 9,000 £400 was paid

into 14. M's. Treasury

1,773

290

on my arrival.

the

سم الله بسیج

(olery.)

$4,130

$939

$3,191

664

Total Crown rents

11,727

343

11,384

300

Government markets

3 = $560 a month

1,405

Opium farm

annum.

$710 a month Auction duty 2 per cent., on estimated sales of £. 20,000 per

1,774

500

£. 260

Auctioneers - 7

281

364

145

$800 >>

166

Ghaut Serang (head)

1 at $200

Ditto, deputies Billiard-tables

4 at 25 each

2 at $50 "J

TOTAL LICENSES

£.

1,369

600

300

100

150

£.

17,882

(signed)

R. M. Martin.

(True Copy.)

(signed)

Frederick W. A. Bruce.

Licenses.-Pawnbrokers, 5 in number at $250 each

Spirit Licenses (Europeans) 27 at $50, Ditto, samshoo (Chinese) 35 at $50, Salt-broker, or weigher 1 at $700 yearly Stone quarries

Fees. Supreme court, Police courts, burials, &c. &c. -

Fines of ditto

743.

Incidental receipts

Rent of Albany and other buildings, about

No. 7.-

429

No. 7.

Governor Sir

Lord Stanley.

J. F. Davis to

Bot

Tra

8 July 1845.

8 July, No. 1.

8 July, No. 2.

Encl. 1, in No. 7.

the resignation

was accepted, subject to the Condition

Enerving,

ކ އ کرنا

CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

(No. 93.)

No. 7.

COPY of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart. to Lord Stanley.

My Lord,

Victoria, Hong Kong, 8 July 1845.

I HAVE the honour to enclose, for your Lordship's information, a copy of Mr. Martin's letter tendering his resignation of the office of Treasurer; which resignation I have accepted according to your Lordship's authority before. conveyed to me.

In my reply, also enclosed, I have informed Mr. Martin that, although I could not sanction his proceeding home without a sick certificate, nor recognize those pleas which he had advanced for leave of absence on points which had no concern whatever with his official duties, I was at liberty to accept his resignation, by which he quits his office on his own responsibility.

Mr. Martin has been directed to deliver the cash in his charge to a Commit- tee of Survey, composed of the Auditor, Mr. Mercer and Mr. D'Almada, There is no person to whom I can entrust the office of Treasurer, thus vacated, except Mr. Mercer, who will hold it pending Mr. Stewart's arrival, or your Lordship's further commands, having produced abundant security as I before. had the honour to report. Mr. Martin proceeds home immediately over- land.

I have, &c.

(signed) J. F. Davis.

P. S.-I beg to draw your Lordship's attention to the concluding paragraph of my reply to Mr. Martin, in which I inform that gentleman that I cannot, without authority from home, comply with his request to be furnished with copies of voluminous public documents, and I accordingly await your Lordship's instructions for my guidance on this and other similar occasions.

J. F. D.

Enclosure 1, in No. 7.

Sir,

Colonial Treasury, Hong Kong, 8 July 1845. THE decision of his Excellency the Governor on my letters of 18th and 24th ultimo, refusing me leave of absence for six months on public business, and with a view to what I deem the public good, compels me most reluctantly to adopt the only alternative of requesting his Excellency to receive my resignation as Her Majesty's Treasurer for the Colonial and Diplomatic services in China, until I can bring the subject, through the Secretary of State for the Colonies, under the consideration of my Sovereign, who was graciously pleased to appoint me to the important office and trust which I have now the honour to place in the hands of his Excellency.

My quarterly accounts are made up to the 30th of June 1845, declared before a magis- trate, and passed by the auditor.

The Governor Racined that his Excellency will state to whom I am to transfer the accounts and books of my I beg that a Board may be appointed to receive from me the monies under my charge, read & approved! department, and the vouchers of payments made by me since 30th day of June last.

the @raft letter

Encl. 2, in No. 7.

In order that I may be enabled to pass my accounts in England, and to receive for myself and for my sureties the Exchequer quietus, I have the honour to request that a copy of my Day Cash Book be furnished me froin this office.

The Honourable F. W. A. Bruce,

Colonial Secretary.

Enclosure 2, in No. 7.

I have, &c.

(signed)

R. M. Martin.

Colonial Office, Victoria, Hong Kong, 8 July 1845.

Sir, In reply to your letter, tendering your resignation of the appointment of Treasurer, I am directed by his Excellency the Governor to state, that although he could not authorize your absence, without a sick certificate, from your duties (a step which would have rendered himself responsible for their performance), his Excellency has been duly empowered by Lord Stanley to accept your resignation, if tendered, (as you have already been informed,) and he accepts it accordingly.

The only person at present in the colony whom his Excellency can appoint to the office which you have thus vacated is Mr. Mercer. That gentleman, together with the Auditor and Mr. D'Almada, will receive from you the monies under your charge, and to Mr. Mercer you will transfer the Colonial Accounts, with the vouchers for payments made by you since June 30th..

the

4. Colla

اسلامی

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

You must be aware that the few hours that will elapse previous to your embarkation in the "Lanrick" would, under any circumstances, be insufficient for transcribing the voluminous book of which you request a copy; but as his Excellency entertains doubts as to its being within the limits of his discretion to allow copies of public documents to be withdrawn by any officer on his departure, he will refer your request for Lord Stanley's decision by the present despatch.

(No. 95.)

I have, &c.

A. E. Shelley, Acting Colonial Secretary.

(signed)

(True copy.) A. E. Shelley,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

No. 8.

J. F. Davis to Lord Stanley.

Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir J. F. Davis, Bart. to Lord Stanley. Governor Sir

My Lord,

Victoria, Hong Kong, 9 July 1845. I AM Sorry to trouble your Lordship with another despatch relating to Mr. Martin, but that gentleman, after his embarkation yesterday, caused to be 9 July 1845- conveyed to me this morning the enclosed copy of a letter to your Lordship, in breach (as it appears to myself) of the following section of the Colonial Regulations (page 49) :-

"The practice which has in some instances been adopted of addressing memorials direct to this office, and only sending copies of them to the Governor on the eve of the departure of the vessel which is to convey them, will not be recognized as a proper course of communication, and must not be repeated."

The sub-enclosures in Mr. Martin's letter (which has no date of the month, and being sent from the ship is headed" Colonial Treasury,") have already been forwarded with my previous correspondence (Nos. 85 and 93) in relation to that gentleman, and your Lordship may, therefore, not wish them to be repeated in the duplicate of this despatch, as they would, in fact, constitute quadruplicate copies.

I need not occupy your Lordship's time by dwelling on the enclosed letter of Mr. Martin, as it merely repeats his previous statements as to the necessity of retaining Chusan, &c. His assertion as to having "recently ascertained that Governor Davis is proposing for your Lordship's sanction a further expen- diture of half a million of dollars," is disproved by a simple reference to my despatch No. 79, of 14th June, where the following is the total amount proposed :-

Schedule 1 Schedule 2

£.

reve

8 July, vide p. 12.

Pages 5, 10.

ச

nei

31,312 Amater made & sont in 30,937

£. 62,249

I could not grant Mr. Martin leave of absence without incurring an uncalled- some whatever for degree of responsibility, as he had been only a year in the colony, enjoyed such health as precluded the possibility of obtaining a medical certificate, and Churned had been appointed by your Lordship to an office involving pecuniary liabili-

ties. He has had more leave of absence by far than any other member of the Infruz. colony, not one of his numerous applications to proceed to the north, to Canton, &c., having been denied. His allusions, therefore, to harsh treatment are hardly justified.

I need not observe, that his resignation of office and his departure to Eng- land are the most perfect acts of free will, and that the public reasons which he assigns for quitting his post without leave, as far they are intelligible, have no concern whatever with his proper duties as Treasurer.

You

743.

B 2

I have, &c. (signed)

J. F. Davis.

-No. 9.-

12 CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

430

No. 9.

Martin, Esq., to

R. Montgomery

Bot

Trú

Lord Stanley. 8 July 1845.

Nos. 1 to 6.

No. 1, of 18 June 1845.

7. Vide p.

No. 2, of 19 June 1845.

Vide p. 7.

Nos, 3 & 4,

of 24 June 1845. Vide pp. 8, 13.

No. 5, of 8 July 1845. Vide p. 10.

No. 9.

Copy of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq., to Lord Stanley.

My Lord,

Colonial Treasury, Hong Kong, 8 July 1845.

I HAVE the honour to solicit your Lordship's persual of the enclosed. correspondence with Governor Davis, and a consideration of the following

statement.

Soon after my arrival in this Island I observed that there had been a large and unnecessary expenditure of the public money here, which expenditure had been greatly facilitated by the power of arresting portions of the Chinese Indemnity Money, in its transit to the Home Exchequer.

Perceiving that this disbursement was daily augmenting, I felt it to be my duty, even at the hazard of losing what I much covet-the confidence and your Lordship-to state openly my opinions to my superiors, and to support of substantiate them by facts relative to the true nature and value of Hong Kong, and to its necessary concomitant, the British position and prospects in China."

The reports, minutes and papers, written in support of these opinions, were transmitted either to your Lordship, to the Secretary of State for Foreign. Affairs, or to the Lords of the Treasury; and, as I understood, they were pro- ducing some effect at home, by suggesting various inquiries, and by causing a check to be put upon the expenditure here; I resolved, although my health and constitution has been much impaired by this climate, to await the result of those inquiries, and the correction of errors which time and circumstances generally induce.

Having, however, recently ascertained that Governor Davis is proposing for your Lordship's sanction a further expenditure of half a million of dollars for civil works here, irrespective of the unnecessary extent of outlay incurred and projected in the Military and Ordnance Departments, believing that Her Majesty's Government must be under great misapprehension relative to the value of Hong Kong, and to the present state of our affairs in China, and understanding that it is intended to evacuate Chusan in February or March next, without any attempt or negotiation for the retention of that most valuable and important island (worthy of being an Anglo-Chinese colony), I applied to Governor Davis for six months' leave of absence on public grounds in order that I might bring the whole subject under a complete and unbiassed investi- gation, and thus, if possible, timely correct what are deemed primary errors of national importance. That the question might be placed above personal con- siderations, I offered to give up all my salary, to defray my own expenses to England; to continue my bonds of pecuniary security to the Crown, and to forfeit my commission in Her Majesty's service, should my application for leave of absence be disapproved of at home. The Governor refused the leave sought on the plea that I was not dying, and requiring change of climate, a decision as shown in the accompanying correspondence, contrary to the obvious. meaning of the Government Instructions (ch. 4, p. 25), and which, if thus inter- preted, would make every colonial servant of the Crown an exile for life, or subject to the caprice, favouritism or vindictiveness of any colonial governor.

The yet unsettled state of the British affairs in China; the very short time intervening for their imperatively required better arrangement, previous to the contemplated evacation of Chusan, when our expenditure of every description ought to undergo the most careful revision and retrenchment; the desire to prevent an intended expenditure of half a million dollars for civil works, and other unnecessary projected outlays; a conscientious belief, that as a sworn servant of the Crown, I am bound to lay all the information I have collected before Her Majesty's Ministers, and that I can only effectually do so, without further loss of time in person, have compelled me to adopt the only alterna- tive in my power; namely, to place in the hands of Governor Davis my conditional resiguation as Her Majesty's Treasurer for the Colonial and Diplomatic service in China, in order that I may at once bring the whole matter under the full and fair consideration of your Lordship, and be on the spot in case of necessity for reference.

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG,

I will not advert to myself personally, to any treatment which I have experienced, or to any misinterpretation or misrepresentation of motives

my and conduct; these are points of comparatively little moment.

But I do confidently hope that the newness and vast importance of our position in China, the still partial blending of colonial, diplomatic and com- mercial affairs here, the possible imperfections of individual judgment arising from various interests and from natural causes, and the advantages conse- quently derivable to the state from a minute examination and exposition of our affairs in the most distant, most complex, and yet least understood settlement and relations of the British Crown, may induce your Lordship to grant, under the peculiar circumstances of the case, and on public grounds, a court of inquiry previous to the acceptance by my Sovereign of the responsible com- mission with which Her Majesty was graciously pleased to invest me.

I have, &c.

Robert M. Martin.

(signed)

Enclosure 1, in No. 9.

Copy of a LETTER from R. M. Martin, Esq., to Governor Davis, dated Colonial Treasury, Encl. 1, in No. 9.

Hong Kong, 18 June 1845:-Printed at page 7.

Enclosure 2, in No. 9.

Copy of a LETTER from the Colonial Secretary to R. M. Martin, Esq., dated Victoria, Encl. 2, in No. 9.

Hong Kong, 19 June 1845:-Printed at page 7.

Enclosure 3, in No. 9.

Copy of a LETTER from R. M. Martin, Esq., to the Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong, Encl. 3, in No. 9.

dated Colonial Treasury, Hong Kong, 24 June 1845 :-Printed at page 8.

Sir,

Enclosure 4, in No. 9.

Colonial Office, Victoria, Hong Kong,

24 June 1845.

I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of to-day's date, which has been duly laid before his Excellency the Governor for his consideration."

In reply, I am directed by his Excellency to refer you to his decision upon the subject conveyed in my letter of the 19th instant.

R. M. Martin, Esq. &c. &c. &c.

I have, &c. (signed)

Frederick W. A. Bruce,

Colonial Secretary.

Enclosure 5, in No. 9.

Encl. 4, in No. 9.

Copy of a LETTER from R. M. Martin, Esq., to the Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong, Encl. 5, in No. 9.

dated Colonial Treasury, Hong Kong, 8 July 1845 :-Printed at page 10.

Sir,

Enclosure 6, in No. 9.

Colonial Treasury, Hong Kong, 8 July 1845- I HAVE the honour to solicit that your Excellency will be pleased to transmit the accompanying letter and its enclosures to the Right honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, at your earliest convenience.

His Excellency John Francis Davis, Esq., Governor of Hong Kong.

(signed)

I have, &c.

Robert M. Martin.

Encl. 6, in No. 9.

I will

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OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

No. 12.-

431

No. 10.

James Stephen, Esq to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

7 January 1846.

- No. 10.

10.-

COPY of a LETTER from James Stephen, Esq. to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 7 January 1846.

1 AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to inform you, that he has had under his consideration the despatches from the Governor of Hong Kong and your own letters, explaining the circumstances under which you resigned your office of Treasurer of that colony, in order to come to this country to lay certain representations respecting IIong Kong before Her Majesty's Govern-

ment.

Mr. Gladstone finds, that after a full consideration of the circumstances, Lord Stanley, according to the records of this office, appears to have regarded your resignation of office as final, and Mr. Gladstone desires me to add, that he concurs with Lord Stanley in thinking that, after what has passed on the subject, no other character can be ascribed to it.

(signed)

I have, &c.

Jas. Stephen.

COPY of a LETTER from James Stephen, Esq. to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 31 January 1846.

I HAVE laid before Mr. Secretary Gladstone your letter to me of the 13th instant, in which you state that "Lord Stanley informed you by letter, that in compliance with your request he had not formally accepted your resignation," and you add, that "on the 28th November last his Lordship observed, that he could not discuss with you the statements you transmitted on Hong Kong, as it had been resolved to make them a subject for the deliberation of the Cabinet.

On perusing this letter, Mr. Gladstone directed me to write to Lieutenant- colonel Wilbraham, who had acted as Lord Stanley's Private Secretary, to ascertain whether it was in his power to throw any light on the contradiction between the statements I have thus quoted, and the documents remaining in this office in Lord Stanley's hand-writing.

On the 27th instant, Colonel Wilbraham addressed to me his answer to that inquiry in a letter of that date, a copy of which, by Mr. Gladstone's direction, I enclose for your information. Mr. Gladstone desires me to add, that he must consider this statement from Colonel Wilbraham as closing the discussion respecting the resignation of your office as Treasurer of Hong Kong; and that he must regard that resignation as having been finally, and therefore irrevocably accepted by Lord Stanley.

I have, &c. (signed) Jas, Stephen.

No. 12. James Stephen, Martin, Esq. Esq. to R. M.

31 January 1846,

27 January 1846.

No. 11.

R. Montgomery Martin, Esq., to

Mr. Secretary

Gladstone.

-No. 11.-

Cory of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary

Sir,

Gladstone.

Poloe, near Glasgow, 13 January 1846.

In reply to Mr. Under-secretary Stephen's letter of 7th instant, I beg to refer to my correspondence with Governor Davis of 18th and 24th June and 8th July last, by which it will be seen that the tendered resignation of the office.

13 January 1846. of Treasurer of Hong Kong was constrained, conditional and dependent on the information I laid before Her Majesty's Government being deemed insufficient to justify my coming to England.

In my letter to Lord Stanley from Hong Kong of 8th July last, I asked hist Lordship to suspend decision until he had personally heard my statements, and to grant an inquiry previous to accepting my resignation.

Lord Stanley informed me by letter, that "in compliance with my request, he had not formally accepted my resignation," and on 28th November last his Lordship observed, that he could not discuss with me the statements I trans- mitted on Hong Kong, as it had been resolved to make them a subject for the deliberation of the cabinet.

Under these circumstances, it is submitted, that I was fully justified in coming to England in July last to make what have been deemed important repre- sentations to Lord Stanley, Lord Aberdeen, Mr. Goulburn and the Lords of the Treasury, previous to the treaty of Nankin settled in January or February 1846; and it is consequently respectfully suggested, that I do not deserve to forfeit my commission, and be deprived of employment in Her Majesty's service, after having usefully, zealously and at no inconsiderable. hazard and sacrifices, done my duty as a faithful servant of the Crown in China, whither I am again prepared to proceed when ordered.

Relying on your equitable consideration, and with the request that as my official statements have been made the subject of cabinet discussion, so also will be this letter, and my removal or otherwise from Her Majesty's Service.

I have, &c. (signed) R. M. Martin.

My dear Sir,

Enclosure in No. 12.

55, Portland-place, 27 January 1846.

In answer to your letter of the 21st instant on the subject of Mr. Montgomery Martin's resignation of the treasurership of Hong Kong, I beg to say, that the only communica- tion with him that I am aware of, was a letter which I wrote to him from Lancashire on the 13th November last, by desire of Lord Stanley, and which I presume he refers to in the extract of his letter of the 13th January last, which you have sent me, where he states that "Lord Stanley informed me by letter," that "in compliance with my request, he had not formally accepted my resignation."

The words of my letter of November 13th, after saying that Lord Stanley would on his return to town give him the interview he requested, were "Colonel Wilbraham is desired by Lord Stanley to add, that in compliance with Mr. Martin's wishes, he has delayed the formal acceptance of his resignation of the Treasurership of Hong Kong, though he considers the resignation as final."

With reference to Mr. Martin's statement, that at the subsequent interview Lord Stanley observed, that he could not discuss with (him) the statements (be) transmitted on Hong Kong, as it had been resolved to make them a subject for the deliberation of the Cabinet; I am desired by Lord Stanley to say, that Mr. Martin must have greatly mis- understood him, as his expression to Mr. Martin was, that the matters on which Mr. Martin had written to him, such as the evacuation of Chusan, &c., were such as he could not discuss with Mr. Martin, they being properly subjects for the consideration of the Cabinet; an expression which bears a very different meaning from the construction which Mr. Martin appears to have put upon it.

Lord Stanley has further desired me to observe, that at the interview, Mr. Martin did not say a word to him about the coufirmation or otherwise of his resignation; but expressed himself to the effect that he knew he had committed faults, and must bear the penalty of them.

Jas. Stephen, Esq.

&c. &c. &c.

I remain, &c. (signed)

E. B. Wilbraham.

Encl. in No. 12.

-No. 12.-

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-No. 13.

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

No. 15.

432

No. 13.

R. M. Martin, Esq.

to 8. H. Northcote, Esq. 30 January 1846.

No. 14-

R. M. Martin, Esq., to James Stephen, Esq.

3 February 1846.

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to S. H. Northcote, Esq.

Sir,

29, Bloomsbury-square, 30 January 1846. In reply to your note of yesterday, I beg to inquire whether Mr. Secretary Gladstone will sanction there being laid before Parliament my Report on Hong Kong (24 July 1844), Report on Chusan (30 August 1844), and Minute on the British Position and Prospects in China (19 April 1845). These were all transmitted officially to Governor Davis, with accompanying letters, and were forwarded by the Governor to Her Majesty's Ministers.

As I have been kept nearly three months in suspense in England, an early reply will add to the obligations conferred on, Sir,

Yours, &c.

(signed)

No. 14.

R. M. Martin.

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to James Stephen, Esq.

Sir,

29, Bloomsbury-square, 3 February 1846.

I AM favoured with your letter of 31st January, enclosing copy of a letter from the Hon. Lieut.-colonel Wilbraham, and informing me that Mr. Gladstone Considers the correspondence closed as regards my resignation of the Treasurer- ship of Hong Kong.

am equally unwilling to prolong this correspondence, and regret having caused so much already; but I cannot, in justice to myself, avoid the reply I now make, without, however, seeking from Mr. Gladstone any alteration of the decision at which he has arrived.

1st. I never said a word to Lord Stanley respecting Chusan in my interview of 28th November; I referred solely to Hong Kong, which was in his Lord- ship's department, and on which I sent that morning a memorandum offering to prove in detail that Hong Kong could never be a colony, a commercial. emporium, a military post, or a political station. Lord Stanley, holding that memorandum in his hand, said (as I understood him) "I cannot discuss this with you, as it has been resolved to make your statements a subject for the consideration of the Cabinet." On hearing this I remarked, "then I have nothing more to say."

2d. Lord Stanley misapprehended me, if he supposes I said, "I knew I had committed faults, and must bear the penalty of them."

The words I used were, "I fear I have incurred your displeasure, Lord Stanley, in coming to England, but I feel assured that had your Lordship been placed in my situation, and seen the waste of public money, and our impolicy in China, you would have acted as I have done. If I am to pay a penalty for this fault, and make a sacrifice which I cannot afford, let me at least have the satisfaction of knowing that the sacrifice will produce some good to the country."

I declare on my honour that these were as nearly as possible the words used; and I certainly did think that, if my views respecting the British posi- tion and prospects in China were worthy the consideration of the Cabinet either in part or in the whole, that I would not be required to make the (to me) great sacrifice of forfeiting my employment in Her Majesty's service.

The best proof I can give of a conviction that I do not deserve the penalty inflicted is, by reiterating my earnest solicitation that Mr. Gladstone will permit me to have my Reports, &c. laid before Parliament,

I cannot conclude without expressing my misfortune at having misunderstood Lord Stanley, and of being misapprehended by his Lordship. May I beg you will do me the favour of placing this explanatory letter before Mr. Gladstone, who I fervently hope will not add to my penalty, by denying me the means of justifying myself before the public.

I have, &c. (signed) R. M. Martin.

No. 15.-

Cory of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 6 February 1846.

No. 15.

Lord Lyttelton, to

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to inform you that your letters of the 30th ultimo to Mr. Northcote, and of the 3d instant to Mr. Stephen, have R. M. Martin, Esq. been laid before him. In answer to your inquiry whether Mr. Gladstone will 6 February 1846. sanction there being laid before Parliament your Report on Hong Kong of the 24th July 1844, your Report on Chusan of the 30th August 1844, and your Minute on the British Position and Prospects in China of the 19th April 1845, I am directed to inform you, that Mr. Gladstone cannot ascribe any official character to any report made by you, excepting only as far as such reports related to the discharge of the duties of your office as Treasurer of Hong Kong, in which capacity alone you were employed by Her Majesty's Government. Mr. Gladstone thinks that he should establish a precedent full of inconvenience, if he concurred in the production to Parliament, and the printing, at the public expense, of reports or minutes drawn up by you on subjects with which you had no official concern, and on which you were not invited by Her Majesty's Government to enter. For these reasons, any motion for the production of those papers to either Houses of Parliament would be resisted by the Ministers of the Crown.

Sir,

- No. 16.

I have, &c. (signed) Lyttelton.

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to S. H. Northcote, Esq.

29, Bloomsbury-square, 2 March 1846.

No. 16.

In reply to your communication of 27th February (just received), stating R. M. Martin, Esq., that Mr. Gladstone would wish me to reserve any request for an interview to S. H. Northcote, until after I had placed before him "a statement of my conduct in China Esq and present circumstances, irrespective of the general discussion which I thought 2 March 1846.

I am,

it my duty to raise with respect to Hong Kong," I beg to forward herewith an "Abstract of my proceedings in China," which I confidently hope will, on a detailed examination, prove that I was a faithful and diligent servant of the Crown, and an honest steward of the important trust reposed in me. therefore, anxious to have the most searching scrutiny into my conduct in every point of view, public and private; and this I earnestly solicited from Lord Stanley previous to his acceptance of my resignation, in a letter of 8th July last, which I requested Governor Davis to forward to his Lordship.

وو

With reference to the second point-my present circumstances or posi- tion, I beg to state, that it will be seen in my correspondence with Governor Davis in June and July last, that the tendered resignation of my office was in obedience to what I conscientiously believed to be an urgent sense of public duty; that the resignation was constrained, because Governor Davis refused me six months' furlough (which it was in his power to grant) although I offered to resign all salary, and yet preserve my heavy securities to the Queen; and that my resignation was conditional, and dependent on my conduct being dis- approved in England.

The acceptance of a resignation thus compulsorily wrung from me without any inquiry or investigation, may be deemed tantamount to a declaration that my conduct, and the motives in which it originated, did not justify the step which I felt compelled to take. I am, therefore, subjected to a severe pecuniary loss, which I cannot afford, after an untiring devotion of 20 years in laborious and expensive exertions for the national weal (as shown in the accompanying memorandum); and, what is of still greater consequence to me, my conduct in China is rendered questionable.

I respectfully entreat Mr. Gladstone to permit a committee of three gentle- men to examine the whole of my proceedings in China, to scrutinize, so far as human beings can do, the originating motives for my conduct, and to report whether

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CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

whether I am deserving of the injury which has been inflicted on me for endeavouring to amend what were deemed national errors of great magnitude, and on which, if I had remained silent and inactive, I should indeed have considered myself unworthy of employment of any kind in Her Majesty's service.

I would venture to suggest the names of three gentlemen well conversant with the subjects referred to; namely, Mr. Trevelyan, Secretary to the Treasury, Mr. Lefevre, Secretary to the Board of Trade, and Mr. Otho Hamilton, of the Audit Board; the last named gentleman having had all my accounts as Her Majesty's Treasurer under his supervision.

I will cheerfully bow to any decision at which those three gentlemen may

I have, &c.

arrive.

(signed) R. M. Martin.

Enclosure 1, in No. 16.

ABSTRACT of Proceedings in China.

1. Examination of our Financial state in detail; transmitted to Governor Davis, 17 June

1844; to Lords of the Treasury, 19 June 1844-

2. On transmission of Specimens of all Chinese Manufactures to Board of Trade, London,

forwarded to Governor Davis, 29 June 1844.

3. Report on the British Currency, and Monetary Exchanges in China.

4. Report on Hong Kong in all its aspects; to Governor Davis, 24 July 1844; to Lords

of the Treasury, August 1844.

5. Report on Chusan in all its aspects; examination of our policy in China; to

Governor Davis, 30 August 1844; to Lords of the Treasury, 20 September 1844. 6. Comparison between Hong Kong and Chusan; transmitted to Sir R. Peel, 14 No-

vember 1844; to Lords of the Treasury, 14 November 1844.

7. Dissent in Council on proposed Legislative enactment for licensing Opium smoking-shops in Her Majesty's settlement, Hong Kong; read before Governor in Council, 26 November 1844.

8. Draft Legislative Enactment, to enjoin an observance of the Sabbath in Hong Kong; transmitted to Governor Davis, and caused my "Analysis of the Bible" to be trans- lated by the Reverend Dr. Gutzlaff, for general circulation throughout China.

9. Despatch respecting French intrigues in China; to Sir Robert Peel, 21 December

1844; to Lords of the Treasury.

10. Minute on the British Position and Prospects in China, and an Exposition of the Treaty of Nankin; to Governor Davis, 19 April 1845; to Sir Roberi Peel, 25 April 1845; to Lords of the Treasury, 25 April 1845.

11. Representations and Correspondence on the Governor's violation of Instructions from Lords of the Treasury, on the disbursement and account of the Public Monies; to Lords of the Treasury, May, June and July 1845.

12. Correspondence respecting six months' leave of absence, to represent the state of our affairs in China; Her Majesty's Government, 24th June, July, 1845 trans- mitted to Governor Davis, with explanatory Letter to Lord Stanley, 8th July 1845, and to Mr. Stephen, Under Secretary of the Colonies, same date.

13. Rise, progress and condition of the Tea Trade, with numerous tabular statements, &c.;

to Lord Stanley, 3d September 1845.

14. Points for the consideration of Her Majesty's Government on the whole of our affairs in China, with Appendices A. B. and C., showing 1st. A necessary reduction of expenditure to the extent of 250,000l. a year.-2d. Fair and honourable terms of negotiation with the China Government for the cession of Chusan.-3d. Reply to Sir H. Pottinger's reason for preferring Hong Kong to Chusan.-4th. The means to be adopted immediately for the rectification of our erroneous policy, to improve our position, and to expand our trade, &c. transmitted to Lord Stanley, 3d September 1845.

In addition to the preceding documents (which are very voluminous), abstracts on the above points have been given to Lord Stanley, to the Earl of Aberdeen, to Mr. Goul- burn, to the Earl of Dalhousie, and to Lord Canning, in November and December 1845; and a Synopsis of a complete Commercial Report on China (for which the materials were collected during a personal examination of all the consular ports, and after visiting every accessible part of China) was forwarded to the Earl of Dalhousie, 4 December 1845, which has now been three months under the consideration of the Lords of the Treasury and Board of Trade.

These

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

These labours were in addition to the arduous and responsible duties of Her Majesty's Treasurer for the Colonial, Consular and Diplomatic services in China; which were rendered extremely harassing and anxious by the departure in China, from the clear and positive instructions of the Lords of the Treasury, by the difficulty of procuring proper clerks, or by their death, and absence from illness, and by the frequent recurrence of a depressing climactic disease, which at one period nearly proved fatal.

2 March 1846.

Enclosure 2, in No. 16.

MEMORANDUM of Exertions for the Public Welfare.

R. M. Martin.

TWENTY years have been seduously devoted by Mr. Martin to an investigation of the Encl. 2, in No. 16. Colonial, Commercial, and Financial affairs of the British Empire. Ten of these years have been spent in visiting the Colonies, and 10 years in circulating the information acquired ; the result of some of his labours has been as follows:

Copies printed.

I. History of the British Colonies, five vols, 28 Maps, Charts, &c. II. Marquess Wellesley's Indian Despatches, five vols., Maps, Plans, &c. III. British Colonial Library, ten vols., Engravings, Maps, &c. IV. Eastern India, three vols., 200 Drawings, Maps, Plans, &c.

VI. Political, Commercial and Financial Condition of Anglo-Eastern

Empire in 1832, 8vo.

VII. British relations with the Chinese Empire in 1832, 8vo.

8,500

8,000

22,000

4,500

V. Statistics of the British Colonies, one large vol., 3,000,000 Figures,

Seals, &c.

3,000

1,500

3,000

1,500

3,000

1,500

12,000

10,000

VIII. Taxation of the British Empire, with Tabular Views, &c

IX. Past and present state of Tea Trade of England, Europe and America

X. Analysis of Parliamentary Evidence on China Trade, 1832 XI. Colonial Policy of the British Empire, Part I., Government- XII. Marquess Wellesley's Spanish Despatches, one vol. 8vo. XIII. Ireland as it was, is, and ought to be, Tabular Chart, &c.

XIV. Colonial Magazine, seven vols. 8vo, completed, Engravings, &c.

XV. Poor Laws for Ireland, a Measure of Justice for England, &c.,

pamphlet

Colonial Atlas, with Maps of each Colony, now engraving.

East and West India Sugar Duties Equalization, 40,000 copies distributed. Monetary System of British India, 10,000 copies distributed. Various pamphlets on Commerce, Finance, Shipping, &c.

The foregoing publications comprise about 70,000 octavo volumes, illustrated by numerous maps, engravings, plans and statistical charts, and they all refer to subjects of great national importance. The mere mechanical expenditure on these works for printing, paper, engravings, &c., has been upwards of 20,000l. sterling.

To defray these heavy charges, to pay assistants, and to provide for personal expenses during 20 years' unremitting toil, and costly labour and travel, not the slightest aid has been furnished by Government; but relying solely on his own energies, and out of his own limited resources, Mr. Martin has prepared the first complete "History of the British Colonies," and by his unceasing exertions, has awakened an interest in the public mind for our trans-marine possessions, whose exient and condition were heretofore imperfectly known, and their intrinsic value inadequately appreciated.

In addition to the preceding mentioned labours, Mr. Martin has zealoulsy contributed to promote various useful objects. The "Colonial Society" of London was consequent on his works, and he has endeavoured to advance its laudable objects. The "Central Agricultural Society" by which the landed interest was united for the protection and encouragement of agriculture, at a period when it was threatened with destruction (1835-36), had its origin mainly in his exertions, and for two years he acted gratuitously as one of its honorary secretaries. He also co-operated as honorary secretary with the "Society for the Protection of Domestic Industry," which was superintended by a committee of 21 Members of Parlia- ment, whereof E. S. Cayley, M. P. was chairman, and which had for its leading object the union of all classes engaged in land, manufactures and trade.

In order that he might obtain an accurate view of the working of our banking system, Mr. Martin made a tour throughout England and Scotland, to the extent of 2,500 miles, during which he visited nearly every public and private bank in the kingdom; and for 12 months he officiated as honorary secretary to the "Commercial Bank of London." The "Bank of British North America" was planned, and its preliminary proceedings were organized 743.

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organized by Mr. Martin; and other colonial banks had their origin in his advice and infor- mation. The "Bank of Asia," for conducting exchange operations between England, India. and China, was framed in its plan and principles by Mr. Martin, and its organization was begun and completed by him; 8,000 shares, of the value of 100l. each, were subscribed for in a few days on its first announcement in London, and 6,000 shares of equal value. were applied for in India.

These observations demonstrate that Mr. Martin's labours have not been restricted to those of a merely literary character. He has visited several times the manufacturing and commercial districts of the United Kingdom; and since his return from the colonies he has traversed a large part of the continent of Europe, including Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, France, &c,, and examined the progress of their trade and manufactures. Mr. Martin is one of the few surviving officers of the disastrous surveying and exploring expe- dition of Her Majesty's vessels "Levin" and "Barracouta," employed under W. F. W. Owen on the coasts of Africa, and on the shores and rivers of the Eastern and Southern Hemi- sphere, and for his services he received the marked commendations of the distinguished Commander of the squadron.

During the last four years, Mr. Martin has been an active member of the General Court of Proprietors at the East India House, where he has disinterestedly assisted to obtain freedom of commerce for British India; to procure the adoption of a permanent moderate settlement of the land-tax, and to promote the social and Christian improvement of 100,000,000 of our fellow subjects. He has been several times examined before Committees. of Parliament on financial and mercantile measures; and in 1840 he was nearly three. weeks under a strict interogation on the commerce and relative condition of India and the Colonies.

It has proved a source of sincere gratification to Mr. Martin, that his conduct abroad and at home was deemed deserving the gracious approval of his Sovereign William 4th, who was pleased to command the dedication of the "History of the British Colonies," and the "Marquess Wellesley's Despatches," and his presentation at Court; and to express to the Colonial Office the Royal desire that he should be employed in that department of Government, stating that "His Majesty took an interest in Mr. Martin's welfare." Her most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria has also vouchsafed Her Majesty's benign com- mendation of Mr. Martin's efforts for the welfare of his country.

One of the greatest statesmen who have shed lustre on this or any other age (the most Noble the Marquess Wellesley) has conferred the much prized boon of his friendship on Mr. Martin; and this brief but unavoidably egotistical detail of public services may well be concluded by annexing a copy of a letter from the noble Marquess to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, of which Mr. Martin may justly feel proud, as it emanates from a mind of the most lofty, generous and enlightened character, and pre-eminently distin- guished for an ardent patriotism, which, for more than half a century, has been efficiently devoted to the maintenance of constitutional liberty-to the extension of Christian civili- zation and to the preservation and permanent prosperity of the whole British empire.

My dear Lord,

Kingston House, Knightsbridge, 17 November 1840.

Your Lordship's uniform kindness and obliging attentions induce me to trouble you with a request, in the success of which I am deeply interested, from motives of gratitude and friendship, as well as from a sense of public duty.

Several respectable friends of the present Government, from the same sentiments, have already expressed their concurrence in my opinion, and have declared an anxiety equal to mine on the same subject.

Our object is to see Mr. Montgomery Martin (a gentleman well known to your Lord- ship and to the public) employed in some station in which his eminent talents and extra- ordinary industry and diligence, and extensive information, might be rendered useful to the empire.

My friendship for Mr. Martin is founded on no light basis. I entrusted him with the publication of the documents connected with my administration of the British empire in India; a work which he has completed to my entire satisfaction.

This work necessarily involved the most confidential communication and intercourse, by which I am enabled, with the most perfect certainty, to pledge my honour to the integrity, ability, honest zeal and indefatigable spirit of industry by which this worthy gentleman has obtained so high an eminence in public estimation.

Mr. Martin has made the affairs of the British colonies and of India the more especial objects of his laborious studies; but he is also better informed on the interesting subject of Ireland (more particularly on the operation and result of her Legislative Union with Great Britain), than any person I have ever coaversed with. Generally his knowledge of statistics is most extensive and most practically useful.

My gratitude towards this gentleman renders me most auxious for his welfare; but I would not recommend him to your Loadship, if I were not satisfied that his active. employment in the public service would be beneficial to the empire and honourable to himself and to your Lordship.

The Right hon. Lord John Russell, &c. &c. &c. Colonial Office.

I have, &c. (signed)

Wellesley.

-No. 17.-

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

No. 17.-

Copy of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing street, 7 March 1846.

No 17.

R. M. Martin, Esq.

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to acknowledge the receipt of Lord Lyttelton to the letter which you addressed to his private secretary on the 2d instant, 7 March 1846. enclosing an abstract of your proceedings in China, and suggesting the appoint- ment of a committee of three gentlemen, to examine into and report upon those proceedings.

Mr. Gladstone desires me to inform you in answer, that he cannot devolve on the gentlemen you have mentioned, or on any other persons, the office of instituting the inquiries which you have suggested; I am to add, that after a perusal of your letter, and the documents which accompany it, Mr. Gladstone can anticipate no advantage from prolonging a discussion on a subject of which he entertains views so widely different from your own,

Sir,

I am, &c. (signed) Lyttelton.

No. 18.-

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary Gladstone.

29, Bloomsbury-square, 31 March 1846.

No. 18.

31 March 1846.

I HAVE had the honour of laying before you a printed statement of my pro- R. M. Martin, Esq. ceedings in China. I have now been nearly five months in England, and I to Mr. Secretary respectfully submit that I have shown I did my duty as a faithful servant of Gladstone. the Crown, and therefore do not deserve the treatment I have experienced, unless Her Majesty's Goverment disbelieve my statements, or are unwilling to amend those proceedings, which I have I think demonstrated are errors of primary importance.

Under these circumstances I beg to inquire, whether you will grant me a personal interview, to enable me to substantiate my statements; or,

2dly, Whether you will permit an inquiry into my conduct while in China; or, 3dly, Whether you will offer no opposition to my friends in the legislature obtaining an inquiry before Parliament into my statements.

No. 19.

―

I have, &c.

(signed)

R. M. Martin.

COPY of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 6 April 1846.

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to acknowledge the receipt of your Lord Lyttelton to

No. 19. letter of the 31st ultimo, in which you inquire; 1st, Whether he would grant R. M. Martin, Esq. you a personal interview to enable you to substantiate the statement which

6 April 1846. you have already submitted of your proceedings in China; 2d, Whether any inquiry into your conduct while in China will be permitted; and 3d, Whether Mr. Gladstone would offer any opposition to a Parliamentary inquiry into your

statements.

Mr. Gladstone desires me to inform you in answer, that he is not a present aware that there is any question depending between Her Majesty's Government and yourself, which could be made the subject of discussion at a private inter- view, or an inquiry in or out of Parliament. He apprehends, that having resigned your office at Hong Kong, and your resignation having been accepted, you no longer stand in any official relation to the Government; and Her Majesty's Government do not deem it convenient to enter into discussion with you on the questions of Chinese policy, to which your several communica- tions to them relate.

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No. 20.

R. M. Martin, Esq.,

to Mr. Secretary Gladstone.

7 April 1846.

No. 21.

Lord Lyttelton to

R. M. Martin, Esq. 15 April 1846.

No. 22.

R. M. Martin, Esq.

to Mr. Secretary

Gladstone.

8 April 1846.

CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

I am to add, that although Mr. Gladstone is not aware of any cause for inquiry in Parliament into your statement, he must reserve his reply to your question whether opposition would be offered on the part of the Government to such inquiry, until he shall have been apprized in a more definite manner of the nature and proposed aim of it.

Sir,

No. 20.-

I have, &c. (signed)

Lyttelton.

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq., to

Mr. Secretary Gladstone.

Mansfield House, Iver, near Uxbridge,

7 April 1846.

THE City article of the "Times" of yesterday, contains the following remarks: Hong Kong has quite lost caste as a place for mercantile operations. Many of the merchants had already abandoned the island. Since the beginning of the present year, two firms have given up their establishments; two more of old standing had expressed their determination to quit the colony; and others were hesitating about following their example, or at most of leaving a clerk in possession to forward goods or letters."

I believe the foregoing to be a true statement; it is an ample confirmation my "Report on Hong Kong," dated July 1844, which was transmitted by Governor Davis to the Colonial Office; and it is, I respectfully submit, in justification of my having come to England to bring this and other equally misunderstood and misrepresented portions of our affairs in China, under the immediate and serious consideration of Her Majesty's Government. Yet, for thus acting in accordance with what I deemed an urgent and responsible public duty, I am now subjected to severe punishment, and all inquiry into my conduct, or the means of self justification in public estimation, and which I have so earnestly solicited, is denied me.

I have, &c. (signed)

No. 21.-

R. M. Martin.

Copy of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 15 April 1846.

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 7th instant, calling his attention to the "City Article the "Times "Newspaper of the 6th instant, on the subject of Hong Kong, which you consider to be a justification of your having returned to England to bring the state of the colony under the consideration of Her Majesty's Govern- ment. Mr. Gladstone desires me to observe in answer, that, whether the statement in the "Times" Newspaper be accurate or otherwise, he cannot acknowledge that it was the duty of a subordinate officer of the Government of Hong Kong to repair to this country without the consent, or rather after the dissent of the Governor, to lay those facts before Her Majesty's Government.

No. 22.-

I have, &c. (signed)

Lyttelton.

COPY A LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary Gladstone,

Sir,

Mansfield House, Iver, near Uxbridge, 8 April 1846.

I AM this day honoured with Lord Lyttelton's communication of 6th instant, wherein his Lordship states, that you are "not at present aware there is any question depending between Her Majesty's Government and myself, which

could

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG. could be made the subject of discussion at a private interview, or of any inquiry

in or out of Parliament,'

Pardon my saying, that I think you are still imperfectly informed of the causes of my conditional resignation of office, which was not tendered until I had vainly endeavoured for more than twelve months to check what I viewed as an utter waste of the public money to a serious extent, as testified in the accompanying correspondence; wherein, at page 17, it will be seen that on 19th June 1844, I recommended, in proof of my sincerity, the abolition of my own office, with the hope that the attention of Her Majesty's Government would thus be awakened to the true state of affairs at Hong Kong; and on 14th November 1844 (page 65), I even stated that I "could not conscientiously continue to receive my salary and remain silent when I perceived that a great error had been committed," which it was not too late to rectify; and (at page 72), that "any suffering or degradation would be preferable to witness- ing the

pursuance of an erroneous course of policy fraught with great injury to England, which may be averted by prompt, judicious and timely measures." Her Majesty's Government had incurred, and were still incurring a very large expenditure on Hong Kong without having had any detailed report on the place; I thought I should have neglected my duty, had I not endeavoured to remedy this defect. My "Report on Hong Kong," was therefore com- pleted 24th July 1844, and forwarded by Governor Davis to the Colonial Office. I am ready to substantiate the truth of every statement contained in that report, which, however, from some motives was unheeded, as were also my urgent representations for a reduction of the public expenditure in China, although these views were forcibly sustained by Commissary-general Coffin, and Deputy Commissary-general Miller, in their reports to Mr. Trevelyan at the Treasury.

Understanding in July last, that it was in contemplation to expend a further sum of several million dollars on a barren useless rock, which the British mer- chants declared to Lord Stanley (13 August 1845), "was never actually required for the purposes of commerce," and which they are "now abandon- ing" (Times, 6 April 1846), I sought six months' leave of absence, offering to resign all salary, to retain my securities to the Crown, to defray my expenses. overland to England, and to resign my commission should my conduct be dis- approved of at home (see page 114). The leave thus sought was refused, as Governor Davis was aware of my determination to carry out what I thought was correct, and was as I believe desirous of conferring my appointment on his relative Mr. Mercer. Conceiving that a servant of the Crown is a steward of the public interests, that he is bound by his oath and by Christian morality to incur any sacrifice rather than permit the continuance of what he considers to be seriously prejudicial to the national weal, and in the hope that Her Majesty's Government would ultimately appreciate my conduct, I was con- strained to tender my conditional resignation, until I could bring the whole subject under the full and unbiassed consideration of Her Majesty's Govern- ment (see pages 111 to 118).

Previous to my departure from China, and likewise since my arrival in Eng- land, I explained the amendments and retrenchments which appeared requi- site, and on 13th November last, I gave to the Chancellor of the Exchequer at his request, the details of a plan by which 250,0007. a year might be saved in China.

Lord Lyttelton informs me, that the tendered resignation of my office having been accepted, "I no longer stand in any official relation to Government, and that Her Majesty's Government do not deem it convenient to enter into any discussion with me on the questions of Chinese policy to which my several communications to them relate."

In other words, after devoting no inconsiderable portion of the most valuable period of my life to the service of the Crown with industry, honesty and zeal, as evinced in the accompanying reports, after incurring considerable expense in obtaining useful information of which Her Majesty's Government" have derived the benefit, and while still engaged in preparing an elaborate commer- cial report on China for the Board of Trade; I am informed, that I have for- feited my position in Her Majesty's service, while those who preferred their emoluments to the public good retain their offices in Hong Kong.

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Printed Pamphlet.

436

No. 23.

Lord Lyttelton to

20 April 1846.

CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

I am unwilling to believe, that Her Majesty's Government really mean to treat me thus-that they intend to deprive me of employment in Her Majesty's service because I refused to be silent when silence would have been a crime; because I preferred risking office rather than not timely endeavour to correct errors of great national consequence; because I deemed integrity and a vigi- lant watchfulness to prevent waste and mismanagement ought to be a paramount consideration in a public officer, especially in a distant and novel portion of the empire. I therefore, respectfully ask the application of the principle of justice to me, as if I had been the steward of a trust confided to me by a private individual.

Should this unfortunately be denied me, I have to express an earnest hope that

you will not refuse me permission to justify my conduct in not having hastily resigned the commission with which my Sovereign was graciously pleased to invest me, and to enable me to demonstrate, that I am not deserving the censure which an acceptance of a resignation thus tendered may by impli- cation convey.

And as you desire to be "apprized in a more definite manner of the nature and proposed aim of my intended application to Parliament, I beg to state, that the motion which it is proposed to submit to the legislature is, that there be laid before Parliament copies of the correspondence connected with my resignation of the office of Her Majesty's Treasurer for Hong Kong.

I humbly hope that this not unreasonable request will be conceded, and which is made without the slightest intention of attempting to embarrass Her Majesty's Government.

No. 23.

I have, &c.

(signed)

R. M. Martin.

COPY of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 20 April 1846.

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to acknowledge the receipt of R. M. Martin, Esq. your letter of the 8th instant, in which you enter into an explanation of the causes which led to your resignation of the office of Treasurer of Hong Kong, and state that the motion which it is proposed to submit to Parliament is for copies of the correspondence connected with such resignation.

No. 24.

R. M. Martin, Esq., to Lord Lyttelton. 16 April 1846.

any

Mr. Gladstone desires me to inform you in reply, that he anticipates no advantage from prolonging this correspondence; but that, if Member of Parliament should move for the production of the correspondence to which you refer, Her Majesty's Government will raise no objection to the production. of so much of it as could be so produced without injustice to individuals or prejudice to Her Majesty's service.

No. 24.

―

I have, &c. (signed) Lyttelton.

Copy of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Lord Lyttelton. Mansfield House, near Uxbridge, 16 April 1846.

My Lord, PERMIT me to remark, in reference to the observation of Mr. Secretary Gladstone, contained in your Lordship's letter of 15th instant, that I most fully acknowledge the principle, that "it is not the duty of a subordinate officer to repair to this country without the consent of the Governor;" yet, as every rule has its exception, I venture to hope, that on further examination and reflection, it will be seen a departure from the principle in the present case was not only justifiable, but rendered imperatively necessary, from my strong conviction that national interests of the highest importance required immediate and serious investigation, which could only effectually be done by my repairing to England; and that I was bound by the highest obligations to risk even life itself for the accomplishment of the great objects in view.

Supposing,

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG. Supposing, however, that the exception to the rule be not admitted, I trust that the motives which influenced the procedure, and strenuous exertions for 25 years, to promote the public good, as exemplified in the accompanying memorandum of services, will have their due weight with Her Majesty's Government.

No. 25.-

I have, &c. (signed)

R. M. Martin.

Copy of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 22 April 1846.

Vide p. 19-

No. 25.

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to acknowledge the receipt of Lord Lyttelton to your letter of the 16th instant, in justification of your proceeding in returning R. M. Martin, Esq. to this country from Hong Kong without the consent of the Governor; and 22 April 1846. I am to inform you, in reply, that he must regard the correspondence on this subject as having reached its close.

No. 26.

I have, &c. (signed)

Lyttelton.

29, Bloomsbury-square, 21 April 1846. No. 26.

Cory of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Lord Lyttelton.

My Lord, I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Lordship's letter of R. M. Martin, Esq., 20th instant. All hope of inducing Mr. Secretary Gladstone to consider to Lord Lyttelton. resignation of office as an act which it was imperatively the duty of a trust- 21 April 1846. worthy servant of the Crown to perform being now at an end, it is not my wish or intention to prolong this correspondence.

I beg to return my thanks to Mr. Gladstone for granting my request respect- ing the production before Parliament of the correspondence connected with my resignation; and as my "Reports on Hong Kong and on Chusan," transmitted. to Governor Davis, formed the basis of my resignation, and were enclosed with the correspondence, there will not, I presume, be any objection to their pro- duction before Parliament. I am not aware that

I am not aware that any of my correspondence involves "injustice to individuals."

pre-

I have stated openly that the leading Government officers of the past and sent administration in Hong Kong had private and personal pecuniary interests. at total variance with the public welfare relative to Hong Kong, the true nature of which is now in the course of being fully evinced by the intelligence received by the last mail from China (27 February 1846) stating that the merchants are abandoning the settlement, which is rapidly hastening to "ruin." I am ready to prove the truth of every portion of my reports on Hong Kong and on Chusan; and I may here be permitted to observe, that my earnest entreaties for the retention of Chusan, even after the payment of the last instal- ment of the Chinese indemnity money, and until the completion of the treaty. of Nankin, have now been adopted.

I therefore respectfully submit, that I have stated nothing which can by publicity in the slightest degree be "prejudicial to Her Majesty's service," or be "unjust to individuals."

My quiescence for the last five months in England, proves that I have not. the slightest idea of doing aught that may embarrass Her Majesty's Govern- ment; and

my whole conduct shows, I trust, that the public good has ever been the paramount motive of my actions; but I cannot forget there is some degree of justice due to myself, and that it is my duty, in the fulfilment of an import- ant trust, to enable my friends and the public fully to examine into the whole of the causes which compelled me to tender my resignation.

I therefore confidently hope that Mr. Gladstone will, in the full meaning and spirit of the concession contained in your Lordship's letter of the 20th instant, not object to my "Reports on Hong Kong and on Chusan," or to any other. documents which may not be really prejudicial to the public service, being

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CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

laid before Parliament, and which may be necessary to a vindication of the line of procedure which I felt obliged to adopt in China,

I have to apologize to your Lordship for thus again trespassing on your time; but to me the question is one of vital importance, and I am anxious there should be no blame hereafter attached to my conduct, and no misconcep- tion on my part of Mr. Gladstone's intentions as to the extent of the conces- sion which he has had the goodness to grant.

I have, &c. (signed)

R. M. Martin.

-No. 27.-

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

a crime. Petitioner has been deprived of his position in your Majesty's service; and all redress or inquiry has been denied him, while your Majesty's Govern- ment have derived the benefit of his information and experience.

6th. That petitioner respectfully declares he feels conscious this punishment is unmerited; he is most anxious to have the fullest scrutiny into every part of his conduct, and the most searching investigation into the truth of his state- ments; and looking to his Sovereign as the source of justice, petitioner earnestly prays the gracious interposition of your Majesty, to prevent the inflic- tion of a wrong which does not alone affect an humble individual, but which, if sanctioned, destroys the moral and christian responsibility of the servants of the Crown, especially when acting conscientiously in the distant provinces of this vast empire.

And your Majesty's Petitioner, as in duty bound, will ever pray.

London, May 1846.

407

No. 27.

Lord Lyttelton to

30 April 1846.

COPY of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 30 April 1846.

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to acknowledge the receipt of R. M. Martin, Esq. your letter of the 21st instant, inquiring whether any objection would be made to the production to Parliament, among the papers connected with your resignation, of your Reports on Hong Kong and Chusan, or "any other docu- ments which may not be really prejudicial to the public service."

In reply, I am to inform you, that my letter of the 20th instant referred exclusively to correspondence connected with your resignation, and that Mr. Gladstone cannot consider as coming within that description, your Reports on Hong Kong and Chusan, or on any other general question of policy. With respect to those Reports, I am directed to refer you to my letter of the 6th February last, in which you were informed that any motion for the produc- tion of your Reports to either House of Parliament would be resisted by the Ministers of the Crown.

I have, &c.

(signed)

Lyttelton.

- No. 29.

COPY of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 12 May 1846.

No. 29.

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to inform you that the Queen has Lord Lyttelton to been pleased to refer to him the petition which you addressed to Her Majesty R. M. Martin, Esq. on the 1st instant, praying for an inquiry into your conduct, and into the truth 12 May 1846. of the several communications which you have addressed to Her Majesty's Government on the subject of Hong Kong.

I am to inform you, that for the reasons already explained to you in the correspondence in which you have been engaged with this office, Mr. Gladstone has been unable to advise Her Majesty to accede to the

prayer of

your petition.

I have &c. (signed)

Lyttelton.

No. 28.

Petition of R. M.

Martin, Esq. to the Queen.

-No. 28.-

To The QUEEN's most Excellent MAJESTY.

The humble Petition of Robert Montgomery Martin, late Her Majesty's Treasurer for the Colonial, Consular and Diplomatic Services in China, and a Member of Her Majesty's Legislative Council.

Humbly showeth,

1st. THAT your Majesty was graciously pleased to appoint petitioner Treasurer at Hong Kong, on 20 January 1844.

2d. That petitioner having devoted his life to an investigation of the British. colonial possessions and commercial interests, deemed that he would be fulfilling his duty to your Majesty by examining, in all their relations, our position and prospects in China.

3d. That the accompanying public documents were therefore, from time to time transmitted to your Majesty's Ministers, and it is respectfully submitted, they testify that petitioner acted as a faithful, industrious, and useful servant of the Crown in China.

4th. That petitioner deeming an erroneous course of policy had been pursued, which, if not timely rectified, would be productive of great national injury, and being desirous of checking a wasteful expenditure of public money, which could only effectually be done by his immediate return to England, was most reluctantly compelled to tender the conditional resignation of the commission with which your Majesty was graciously pleased to invest him, in order that he might bring the whole state of our affairs in China under the early and serious consideration of your Majesty's Ministers, and be on the spot to explain personally the amendments and retrenchments which he was, and is prepared to prove, were imperatively required in China.

5th. That for thus acting in accordance with what he believed to be his duty as an honest steward of the trust reposed in him, and for refusing to remain silent and quiescent, when silence and quiescence would he thinks have been a crime.

-No. 30.-

Copy of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Mr. Secretary

Sir,

Gladstone.

29, Bloomsbury-square, 13 May 1846.

No. 30.

I REGRET to learn that you have not deemed it necessary "to advise Her R. M. Martin, Esq. Majesty to accede to the prayer of my petition for an inquiry into the truth of to Mr. Secretary my several communications on the subject of Hong Kong."

I am unaware of any reasons already explained" to me which ought to preclude the investigation sought.

The only reason ever given for refusing me inquiry was, that I had resigned my office; the truth or otherwise of my statements being deemed alike imma- terial. I beg leave to observe, that I tried in vain every other mode of pro- curing investigation into the utter worthlessness of Hong Kong.

My faint hope that there was still some power in the Crown to grant that which is even conceded to a criminal-inquiry-is nullified by referring my petition to that department which, for six months, has rejected all appeals for investigation. I respectfully submit that this can scarcely be considered in accordance with justice, or with a desire to obtain truth.

I therefore venture to ask, even as a boon, that my petition be referred to the Privy Council, and that 1 be permitted, at my own expense, to substantiate by evidence the truth of my statements.

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I have, &c. (signed) R. M. Martin.

-No. S1.-

Gladstone. 13 May 1846.

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No. 31. Lord Lyttelton to R. M. Martin, Esq. 18 May 1846.

28 CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

-No. 31.--

Copy of a LETTER from Lord Lyttelton to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 18 May 1846.

I AM directed by Mr. Secretary Gladstone to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 13th instant, in which you request that your petition to the Queen may be referred to the Privy Council.

Mr. Gladstone desires me to inform you in reply, that Her Majesty's Executive Government must reserve to itself the responsibility for the decision. of a question of this nature, and that the Queen cannot be advised to refer the investigation of it to the Privy Council, or to any Committee of the Council.

I am, &c. (signed) Lyttelton.

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG.

was nationally injurious, have been rewarded and advanced. I beg the favour of your Lordship's perusal of the accompanying documents, which have been printed for their more easy reference. I ask earnestly for inquiry into the cor- rectness of my statements.

It is true that for many years I have been seeking colonial reform. On the 5th December 1837, my petition for an amended administrative colonial department was favourably received by the House of Commons, but its consideration was voluntarily suspended by me, when the Canadian rebellion broke out, rather than embarrass Her Majesty's Government.

This petition, and the efforts I have made on the subject generally, may have operated to my prejudice in the Colonial Office, but the justness of my views. are now pretty generally acknowledged, and it is respectfully submitted, that 20 years untiring exertions, and a heavy expenditure for the public welfare in a most important but hitherto neglected department-that of our colonies-are worthy the favourable consideration of Her Majesty's Government.

I have, &c. (signed) R. M. Martin,

- No. 32.-

498

No. 32.

R. M. Martin, Esq.

to Earl Grey.

8 July 1846.

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Earl Grey. My Lord,

29, Bloomsbury-square, 8 July 1846.

I HAVE the honour to solicit a consideration of the following circumstances. In January 1844, I was requested to undertake the duties of Her Majesty's Treasurer at Hong Kong. The office was unsolicited, and it was stated that I was entitled to higher employment, but that as our affairs and prospects in China were of great interest, my proceeding thither would be advisable; I therefore gave up my occupations at home, and fulfilled the duties enjoined.

Soon after my arrival in China it appeared to me that we had committed ourselves to an erroneously restrictive policy; that a most ill-judged selection. for a British colony had been made, and that we were incurring a large expen- diture without any commensurate advantage.

Believing it to be my duty, as a faithful servant of the Crown to aid in pro- curing an examination by Her Majesty's Government of the British position and prospects in China, I framed from time to time several reports and minutes. on the subject, but perceiving that these reports produced no effect; aware that there were several influential persons in England as well as in China. whose interests were in opposition to any correction of our errors; and believing that no further time was to be lost for the rectification of our affairs previous to the intended evacuation of Chusan in January 1846, I applied for six months' leave of absence, offering to resign all salary, to defray my own expenses to England, to retain my personal and collateral securities to the Crown (amounting to nearly 10,000/), and to forfeit my position if Her Majesty's Government deemed my views erroneous; or that I had erred in seeking leave to lay before. them the information I had collected in every accessible part of China.

Governor Davis thought it right to refuse the leave sought, I was therefore compelled to resign, and my appointment was conferred on his relative, Mr. Mercer.

I acted in accordance with the solemn dictates of my conscience, and hastened to England, where I laid before the Colonial, Treasury, Foreign and Trade Departments various information which was deemed useful. I have also laid before the Board of Trade a voluminous report on the commerce, internal and coasting trade, government, population, revenue, &c. of the vast Chinese Empire, with special accounts of each consulate; of the commerce of each foreign nation, and detailed statements of the Tea and Opium Trades, &c.

I submitted to the Colonial Office and Exchequer the plan of a reduction of expenditure to the amount of 200,000l. a year, and I laid before the Foreign Office and Board of Trade propositions for opening a commerce with Japan, Corea, Siam, Cochin China, &c., regions abounding in various and valuable. commodities, and containing a population estimated at 100,000,000.

For thus acting I have lost my position in Her Majesty's service, and have been, during the last 12 months, devoid of income; after having devoted a con- siderable period of the best portion of my life, and a large sum of money, to the promotion of the public good; while those who have acquiesced in what

was

No. 33.

COPY of a LETTER from B. Hawes, Esq., to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 13 July 1846.

No. 33.

I AM directed by Earl Grey to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the B. Hawes, Esq. to 8th instant, calling his attention to your services in China, and to the circum- R. M. Martin, Esq. stances under which you resigned the situation of Treasurer of Hong Kong, 13 July 1846, In reply, I am to state to you that Lord Grey concurs in the opinion expressed by his two predecessors in this office, in regard to your resignation of your office in Hong Kong.

No. 34.

I have, &c. (signed)

B. Hawes,

Copy of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Earl Grey. My Lord,

29, Blomsbury-square, 14 July 1846.

I BEG the favour of being informed of the grounds on which my conditional resignation of the Treasurership of Hong Kong was received, as I have not yet been granted this information.

It will be some satisfaction to know why I am deprived of my position in Her Majesty's service, after a faithful discharge of my duty, and an anxious. effort to render public services, which I naturally hoped would have merited and received the approval of Her Majesty's Government; but, which on the contrary, have subjected me to a heavy punishment.

I venture to add, that all inquiry into the correctness of the statements which caused or rather compelled my conditional, resignation, have been refused.

I have, &c.

(signed)

R. M. Martin.

- No. 35.

COPY of a LETTER from B. Hawes, Esq., to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. Downing-street, 21 July 1846.

Sir,

No. 34. R. M. Martin, Esq. to Earl Grey. 14 July 1846,

No. 35.

I AM directed by Earl Grey to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the B. Hawes, Esq. to 14th instant, requesting to be informed of the grounds on which your condi- R. M. Martin, Esq.

21 July 1846. tional resignation of the Treasurership of Hong Kong was received.

In reply I am to inform you, that it appears from the records of this office that Lord Stanley and Mr. Gladstone considered your resignation not as condi-

743.

tional

E 2

Boar

Trad

E.1.

439

No. 36.

R. M. Martin, Esq.

to B. Hawes, Esq.

18 July 1846.

CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

tional only, but as a final act binding on you. I am to add, that Lord Grey concurs in the view thus taken by his predecessors.

I have, &c.

(signed)

- No. 36.-

B. Hawes.

Copy of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to B. Hawes, Esq.

Sir,

29, Bloomsbury-square, 18 July 1846.

In consequence of the observations which you had the goodness to make to-day, I venture to solicit your examination of the enclosed copy of the only

Letter, 8 July 1845 letter which conveyed to Governor Davis my conditional resignation of the

Encl. in No. 36.

Treasurership of Hong Kong; "until I could bring the subject under the con- sideration of my Sovereign through the Secretary of State for the Colonies."

I am now prepared to prove, by Governor Davis's own hand-writing to the draft, and by a letter from the Acting-secretary, that my resignation was received subject to this condition by Governor Davis, who, however, never communicated this fact to Lord Stanley, by whom, as I now learn, my resigna- tion was viewed as absolute. The peculiar grounds on which my resignation was given in, or rather forced from me, have therefore never yet been consi- dered; and I earnestly pray that Earl Grey will, as an act of justice to me, authorize that inquiry into my case for which I have in vain petitioned my Sovereign, and which I have never ceased to seek for the last twelve months.

I am ready to resume my duties at Hong Kong, and to fulfil those of Colonial Secretary there, should it be the intention of Her Majesty's Goverment to unite the two offices.

I state this, to indicate that the unhealthiness of the climate will not prevent my pursuing any duty which may be prescribed by Her Majesty's Govern-

ment.

Enclosure in No. 36.

I have, &c. (signed) R. M. Martin.

Colonial Treasury, Hong Kong, Sir,

8 July 1845- THE decision of his Excellency the Governor on my letters of 19th and 24th ultimo, refusing me leave of absence for six months on public business, and with a view to what I deem the public good, compels me most reluctantly to adopt the only alternative of requesting his Excellency to receive my resignation as Her Majesty's Treasurer for the Colonial and Diplomatic services in China, until I can bring the subject, through the Secretary of State for the Colonies, under the consideration of my Sovereign, who was graciously pleased to appoint me to the important office and trust which I have now the honour to place in the hands of his Excellency.

My quarterly accounts are made up to the 30th June 1845, declared before a magistrate, and passed by the auditor.

I beg that a Board may be appointed to receive from me the monies under my charge, and that his Excellency will state to whom I am to transfer the accounts and books of my department, and the vouchers for payments made by me since 30th day of June last.

In order that I may be enabled to pass my accounts in England, and to receive for myself and for my sureties the Exchequer quietus, I have the honour to request that a copy of my day cash-book be furnished me from this office.

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG. tendered to the Governor of Hong Kong a conditional resignation of office as Treasurer of that colony.

your

In reply I am to inform you, that Lord Grey must consider your coming to this country, after having been refused leave of absence by the Governor, as in itself a resignation of your office; and that you could not be allowed to alter the effect of such a step, by describing your resignation as conditional only. His Lordship, like his predecessors, must regard that resignation as final, and must consider the correspondence with you on this point as now closed.

---No. 38.-

I have, &c. (signed)

B. Hawes.

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq., to Earl Grey. My Lord,

29, Bloomsbury-square, 4 December 1846.

I BEG to transmit herewith the first part of a Report on China, which I pre- pared for the Board of Trade, and which I have caused to be printed, as it may be useful to Her Majesty's Government. The three subsequent parts will be ready on the 1st of each succeeding month.

I still venture to hope that your Lordship will grant me the inquiry which I have earnestly sought during the last eighteen months; the more especially as every mail from China demonstrates the correctness of the views which I came to England to bring under the early consideration of Her Majesty's Ministers.

I am ready to prove before a Committee of Parliament, or before any impartial tribunal, that I have done nothing to forfeit my position in Her Majesty's service; on the contrary, it can be shown that I am entitled to com- mendation; and I have reason to think that if my case had been fully and impartially placed before Lord Stanley, his Lordship would have seen that my resignation was " conditional," and that I was at least entitled to a hearing before I was condemned to the sacrifice of my appointment.

It is painfully humiliating to be thus an importunate beggar for justice, which would not be denied to a criminal; but I am desirous to exhaust every means. before I appeal to Parliament, as I am unwilling to do aught in opposition to Her Majesty's Government.

Surely, my Lord, by conceding the boon of inquiry, no detriment would accrue to the public service; and your Lordship (to whom I am, personally, a stranger) can have no cause to permit the continuance of the injustice I am. now enduring, and which I feel assured, if you were in possession of the whole facts, you would not hesitate to redress.

- No. 39.

(signed)

I have, &c.

R. M. Martin.

No. 38. R.M. Martin, Esq., to Earl Grey. 4 December 1846.

The Colonial Secretary.

- No. 37.-

1 have, &c.

(signed)

R. M. Martin.

No. 37.

B. Hawes, Esq. to

27 July 1846,

Cory of a LETTER from B. Hawes, Esq. to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 27 July 1846.

P. M. Martin, Esq. 18th instant, soliciting a reconsideration of the circumstances under which you

I AM directed by Earl Grey to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the

tendered

PAUL

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Earl Grey.

My Lord,

29, Bloomsbury-square, 1 January 1847.

No. 39.

R. M. Martin, Esq,

1 January 1847.

I BEG leave to place before your Lordship the second part of my General to Earl Grey. Report on China.

I have not been honoured with any notice of my letter of 4th December last.

I still entreat the concession of an inquiry into the causes which compelled me to return to England from China.

I have, &c. (signed)

R. M. Martin.

743.

E 3

-No. 40.

]

Board

Trad

No. 40.

B. Hawes, Esq. to

R. M. Martin, Esq.

13 January 1847.

32 CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE RESIGNATION

No. 40.

COPY of a LETTER from B. Hawes, Esq. to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 13 January 1847.

I AM directed by Earl Grey to acquaint you, in answer to your letter of the 1st instant, that his Lordship did not consider it necessary to return any answer to your letter of the 4th ultimo, because he had nothing to add to the com- munications which had already been addressed to you by Lord Grey's pre- decessors in this office, and by himself.

OF MR. M. MARTIN, TREASURER OF HONG KONG. 33

and I am to acquaint you in answer, that on the understanding that the corre- spondence in question shall be strictly limited to those papers which relate to your resignation, no objection will be raised on the part of Her Majesty's Government to any motion which may be made in the House of Commons for its production.

I have, &c. (signed)

B. Hawes.

440

No. 41.

R. M. Martin, Esq.,

to Earl Grey.

23 June 1847.

No. 41.-

I have, &c. (signed) B. Hawes.

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Earl Grey. My Lord,

7, Pall-mall East, 23 June 1847. MR. CAYLEY, M. P., and Mr. M. Forster, M. P., who have known me intimately for many years, and who were my securities to the Crown in China, have recently earnestly appealed to Lord John Russell in my behalf. His Lordship, on the 18th instant, states that "he must decline entering further into the case, and must refer it to the Secretary of State for the Colonies."

Your Lordship, as I understand, declines to inquire into a case decided by your predecessor.

The case of the late Sir E. Wilmot may perhaps suggest, that my condem- nation, unheard, is scarcely consistent with justice.

I respectfully submit there can be no precedent for continuing a punish- ment inflicted by your predecessor, which I am ready to prove is unmerited.

Time, circumstances and the Select Committee of the House of Commons recently sitting to inquire into our commercial relations with China, demon- strate that the Report which I prepared in China, at the suggestion of Lord Stanley and of Mr. Gladstone, and which the Queen has graciously permitted to be publicly dedicated to Her Majesty, were just, true, and of national impor- tance in various points of view.

That my return to England was not injurious in respect to any important. duties as Treasurer of Hong Kong is evident from the fact of my office not being yet filled

up.

Yet, for a zealous and conscientious discharge of my duties, according to my oath, I have been deprived of my position, and all hearing denied me for two years.

I now solicit that your Lordship, in the spirit of justice, will grant permis- sion for the correspondence connected with my conditional resignation of office to be laid before Parliament.

Mr. Gladstone conceded this point, but I hesitated to avail myself of it, as I was unwilling, even in appearance, to do any thing which might be dis- pleasing to Her Majesty's Government.

But now, the Select Committee of the House of Commons having closed. its inquiry on China, and all prospect of redress or inquiry having passed away, I am necessitated to entreat from your Lordship this boon in favour of one who has long, faithfully, and I trust not uselessly, endeavoured to serve his country.

I have, &c. (signed)

R. M. Martin,

No. 43.

COPY of a LETTER from R. Montgomery Martin, Esq. to Earl Grey. My Lord,

7, Pall-mall East, 28 June 1847.

No. 43.

I AM grateful for the permission accorded by your Lordship for the produc- R. M. Martin, Esq. tion before Parliament of the correspondence in the Colonial Office, relating to to Farl Grey. my conditional resignation as Her Majesty's Treasurer in China, to which 28 June 1847. object the motion shall be limited.

I have, &c. (ed) R. M. Martin.

No. 42. B. Hawes, Esq. to

- No. 42.

Copy of a LETTER from B. Hawes, Esq. to R. Montgomery Martin, Esq.

Sir,

Downing-street, 28 June 1847.

I AM directed by Earl Grey to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of

R. M. Martin, Esq. the 23d instant, requesting that the correspondence connected with your resig- 28 June 1847- nation of the office of Treasurer of Hong Kong may be laid before Parliament,

and

Boa

TY&

in 130 trong hoàng

With for Mithin's rippe

Commercial Relations with China.

Martis, 18° die Maii, 1847.

Robert Montgomery Martin, Esq., called in; and Examined.

JAN. 19

1848

441

3906. Mr. Ewart.] YOU have been in China?--I have been in China as Her R. M. Martin, Esq. Majesty's Treasurer from May 1844 until the 8th of July 1845, when I resigned to return to England to lay before Her Majesty's Government a Report on the 18 May 1847. state of our affairs in China.

3907. Had you an opportunity of attending at the land sales in Hong Kong? -On my arrival in China, the first step that I took was to ascertain what were the probable prospects of revenue in the colony, and the sources from which it was derived, and on investigating I ascertained that although there had been very large sales of land, amounting to considerable sums, yet that very little had ever been paid to Her Majesty's Government. Out of the whole amount of the land sales from June 1841, amounting to 3,224 7. yearly, I found that up to June 1844 only 641 1. had been paid. In fact, on my arrival in May 1844, only 441 7. had been paid into Her Majesty's Treasury. Being impressed with that fact that some of the sales were fictitious more than real, I urged a deposit. being called for at all future sales. Perceiving that almost every individual con- nected with the Government was identified with the purchase or the profits derived from building land (I think the Attorney-general and myself were the only two not connected with the purchase and sale of land), I therefore urged bona fide sales to correct what appeared to me a great evil in the disposal of the land. I also laid before Governor Davis, in June 1844, a financial letter urging that the merchants connected with the island should be allowed their land in perpetuity, as the only means of enabling them to meet the difficulties that I foresaw would be the result of the absence of trade at Hong Kong. I considered that there was a great deal of deception in the purchase of land by parties who did not really intend to hold it, and I urged deposits being called for on all future sales. I urged also that the parties who had built houses in Hong Kong, and expended so much money thereon, should receive the encouragement of having the land granted to them in perpetuity. I would take this opportunity of stating, that to the British merchants in Hong Kong great credit is due for the manner in which they seconded the efforts of the authorities to establish the colony; their public spirit and enterprise deserve every encouragement from Her Majesty's authorities in England.

3908. Have you reason to believe that Hong Kong will become a commer- cial emporium?-I never from the first moment expected that Hong Kong would become a commercial depôt. I have devoted 20 years of my life to the investigation of the colonies of England, and an examination of Hong Kong in its most favourable aspect induces me to entertain the opinion which I stated. in my Report to Her Majesty's Government in July 1844, that Hong Kong never could become a commercial depôt; that it is unsuitable for a colony by reason of its limited size, rocky and barren structure, and incapability of produc- ing food for one day for the inhabitants upon it; that it cannot be made a fortress, because half the harbour does not belong to England, and every island around it belongs to China; that it does not command the Canton River, being at a considerable distance from the usual entrance, and that it is totally ineffi- cient for the protection of the trade at Canton; and in every point of view I con- sider the selection of Hong Kong the most unfortunate step that has been taken with regard to our position in China. It has brought discredit upon us by the occupation of such a wretched spot. But every credit is due to the merchants for their endeavours to make it a valuable possession.

3909. Does Hong Kong affect our trade at Canton or the northern ports? The trade at Canton is entirely independent of Hong Kong, and the northern.

MR. MONTGOMERY MARTIN.

Office of TREASURER of Hong Kong, Colonies, relating to his RESIGNATION of the Martin with the Secretary of State for the COPY of CORRESPONDENCE of Mr. Montgomery

(Viscount Sandon.)

Ordered, by The House of Commons, to be Printed,

23 July 1847.

743-

Under 8 oz.

ports

442

R. M.Martin, Esq.

18 May 1847.

[ 2 ]

ports being open to us, no depôt is likely to be formed at Hong Kong for the purpose of carrying on trade. The formation of a colony at Hong Kong, con- taining the most dissolute Chinese, is decidedly a discredit to us, and operates injuriously in our relations with the Chinese government.

ments.

3910. Is it necessary to maintain the present civil and military expenditure at Hong Kong, as a protection to our China trade ?-By no means, I think. I have addressed a report to Her Majesty's Government on Hong Kong, in July 1844, which I beg to submit to the Committee. I have connected with it a suggestion for the reduction of the governmental establishments there. I believe it is the best means of affording the merchants a prospect of carrying out their views in the island, by reducing the governmental establishments and diminishing the taxation required. (The report was delivered in. Vide Appendix.) The substance of that report is to prove the inefficiency of Hong Kong as a station for a commercial emporium, as a military station, and as a colony; and it contains suggestions for diminishing the expenditure in the different depart- I find that the estimated charge for Hong Kong for one year, 1846, was nearly 500,000 7. The estimate transmitted to England for civil buildings, roads, and drains, amounts to 135,050 l. for the year ending 31 March 1846. The Ordnance estimate laid before Parliament, dated 16 February 1846, for buildings and barracks, amounts to 124,000. The civil salaries, wages, and contingencies, to 41,000 l. The established military pay, provisions and charges for two regiments, about 150,000. Victualling navy, stores, and advances to the navy, 50,000 7., making the total cost of Hong Kong for one year, 500,000 7., and this irrespective of the share of the cost of a line of battle ship, two frigates, three steamers, two gun brigs, and irrespective of the consular and superintendent of trade charges, amounting to 40,000 7. The revenue received for the year 1845, was 15,221 . I cannot therefore omit this opportunity of

I. stating, that I consider such an expenditure a waste of the resources of the British treasury, and that a single frigate or steamer at Canton would be more effective for the protection of our trade than any garrison or fleet that we can maintain at Hong Kong.

3911. That expenditure of 500,000 7. was for one year?-Yes.

3912. That will not be continued ?-No; but the estimated civil expenditure for 1847-48, for roads, drains, and bridges, is 24,302 7., and for works and build- ings, 4,150, making together, 28,453. The total estimate, colonial and consular, 1847-48, is 107,755 l. When it is known that for a small island like that, the Governor costs 7,000l. a year, and the Lieutenant-governor 4,5007., and others charges in proportion, it is not to be wondered at that there has been great dissatisfaction on the part of the merchants there at the endeavour to raise a revenue to meet such charges. That expenditure is still going on, and the taxation proportionately increasing. The General's house alone will cost 70,000 dollars; the officers' quarters, 110,000 dollars; the hospital, 187,000 dollars; the barracks, about 250,000 dollars; and forts are also con- structing to protect an island which produces nothing, and which protects nothing.

3913. Are there any means of deriving better results from the colony of Hong Kong?-I consider that it is due to the merchants who have laid out such a large capital there, to free the place as much as possible from taxation, to grant them their lands in perpetuity, to reduce the rents levied on those lands, and to leave the place perfectly free, giving ample security for life and property. A few years will then determine whether it be possible to produce any commercial results from the place. I have no impression that it will, but I think it is due to the merchants to give the experiment every advantage.

3914. During your residence in China did you visit all the consular stations, and collect materials for a commercial report on China?--I visited all the con- sular stations, and the island of Chusan; and I laid before Her Majesty's Govern- ment a full Report, any part of which can be produced before the Committee. My object in doing so was to endeavour to expand our trade with China. I con- sider that by opening other ports, and by getting a commercial station at Nankin, and at the Pei Ho, and other commercial stations in China, we should materially improve our trade, and get freer access to the interior of the country.

3915. Do you think there is any chance of getting a commercial station at Nankin or the Pei Ho-I think it would be worth the consideration of the Government

[ 3 ]

Government to open a negotiation with the government of China, to point out R. M. Martin, Esq. that a mistake has been made in the selection of the present occupation, and to offer some equivalent advantages for having some other commercial stations

18 May 1847. opened to us, and generally to revise our treaty, which has been an extremely unfortunate one. It was originally prepared by Mr. Poulett Thompson and Mr. Deacon Hume at the Board of Trade, and sent on shore at Nankin without any alteration whatever; and its provisions were subsequently materially restricted by means of the supplemental treaty, which isolated Hong Kong from all the surrounding ports.

3916. Do you think that our commerce with China is capable of increase, either as regards exports or imports ?--I think a more free intercourse with China would develope resources that at present we are unacquainted with. I think China possesses large quantities of precious metals, which if worked would afford a considerable means of remittance to this country. I understand that sugar might be made an article of commerce and export from China; and if our East India ships were permitted, on proceeding to Amoy and other places, to load with sugar for England, although they have Lascar crews, it would be a means of furnishing return freights to this country irrespective of tea. If those ships were permitted to come to England with sugar, which the existing navigation laws prohibit in consequence of their being manned with Lascars, it would benefit the trade of China. I particularly wish to see the coasting trade carried on more extensively by English vessels.

3917. Have any other means occurred to you of extending our trade with China; is there any other article that China can send us besides tea and silk? I have mentioned sugar; hemp is another article. There are various branches of manufactures, though small in amount, that might be extended.

3918. Do not you think that probably the result of our intercourse with China will be something the same as the result of our intercourse with India, namely, that we shall undersell their manufactures and take their raw produce in in- creased quantities in return?-In cotton manufactures we can undersell them ; probably also in some of their silks of a lighter description; but there are commodities of different kinds in China, I have no doubt, with such an immense population, which would be discovered by greater freedom of intercourse.

all

you

3919. From your recent intercourse with China, what conclusions have been led to draw as to the present state of the Chinese empire?-My present impression is, that it is in a state of decadence, and has been so for two or three centuries; that it is extremely loosely held together, and its government exceedingly weak; and that by a proper representation on our part to the authorities at Pekin, we could obtain freedom of intercourse with other parts of China, and freedom of intercourse with the interior; that it would be for the benefit of the Chinese as well as the English that a freedom of intercourse should be established.

3920. Would it, in your opinion, be practicable to open a negotiation for the establishment of a British resident at Pekin ?-I think so. The Russians at present have an establishment there; we might, I understood, have had it or anything else at the time of the treaty of Nankin, if we had applied for it.

3921. Do you think that the Chinese government would be adverse, on reli- gious grounds, to a more intimate intercourse with Europeans?--I think not; there has been recently an edict granted by the Emperor tolerating Christianity, and ordering the restoration of the temples that were formerly confiscated. Any hostility that might be experienced would be principally from the Tartars, not from the Chinese. In all the northern cities of China we are received in

the most friendly manner. The only hostility manifested has been at Canton, and to some extent at Foo Choo Foo, where a Tartai garrison has been es- tablished.

3922. Why are they more hostile to us?-Naturally as being a handful of people holding despotic control over China.

3923. Do the Chinese government feel any indisposition towards this coun- try in consequence of the opium trade?-My impressions upon that subject are very strong with reference to the injurious effects of it nationally. I have made a report thereon to Her Majesty's Government, and with great reluctance refer to the point, because I have the misfortune to differ from several English merchants connected with the opium trade in China; gentlemen of high charac- ter and standing. I do not wish to make use of my position before this Com- mittee

443

18 May 1847.

[4]

R. M. Martin, Esq. mittee to state the injurious effects of opium, as I believe it does not come particularly within the province of the Committee. If they require it I will do so, but I am unwilling to state anything in opposition to the proceedings of gen- tlemen for whom I entertain respect. I think that the extensive use of opium in China diminishes the possibility of selling our manufactures. Mr. Norton, in his evidence before this Committee, has put the case very clearly, by showing the balance of trade, which is against China, and paid for in precious metals. I inquired of the Toutai at Shanghai what would be the best means of increasing our commerce with China, and his first answer to me, in the presence of Cap- tain Balfour, Her Majesty's consul, was, "Cease sending us so much opium, I think there cannot be and we shall be enabled to take your manufactures." a doubt that if we could supply the Chinese with three to four millions of manu- factures instead of opium, they would have better means of purchasing than if they expended the money in buying opium.

3924. Would you propose, on the part of this country, an absolute prohi- bition of the importation of opium into that country by any of our subjects?-- I would, on the same ground that the slave trade is prohibited. I think we are bound by the relations in which we stand to China, not to persevere in car- rying on that trade at Hong Kong, for the abolition of which the government of China are particularly anxious.

3925. Would not your reasoning apply to trading in spirits, or any other deleterious article?-Spirits are not deleterious; spirits contain the element of life; opium does not contain those elements. Every nation that has yet made any advance in civilization, uses spirits.

3926. Ought not the Government of this country therefore to interdict the introduction of opium into this country?-It is not used to an excess.

3927. But it is used-Only I believe as a medicine; at least, its use other- wise is a very rare occurrence.

3928. Are you not aware that it is used in this country for other purposes besides medicine?-I have examined the Custom-house returns, and I have seen no greater increase than the augmentation of the population would warrant.

3929. In fact you would interdict the introduction of opium entirely into China by our subjects?--I think we are bound to do so by our treaty with China. I would disconnect Her Majesty's Government with it.

3930. Mr. Harcourt.] Do you suppose that in the opinion of medical men, the use of spirits is not deleterious to health?-In moderation it is beneficial to health, and the best proof of that is, that every nation that has advanced in civilization uses fermented liquors, but every nation that used opium has gone to decay; witness Persia, Turkey, and China.

3931. Do not you imagine that opium may be used medically as well as spirits -The medical use is altogether a different thing; the impossibility of maintaining moderation in the use of opium is admitted.

3932. Mr. Ewart.] If the use of opium were restricted to medical purposes, how are you to prevent its coming in under that name to a great extent- In this country it would not be necessary to restrict it, because the moral habits of the people are adverse to such a deleterious drug; in China its pro- hibition has been found necessary as a moral question, and partly as a financial. There is no doubt of the sincerity of the Chinese government in their efforts to put down opium, for when Governor Davis drew up a paper with great ability urging the legalized introduction of opium into China, that paper, on being submitted to the Emperor, had this answer appended to it: "It is true I cannot prevent the introduction of the flowing poison; gain-seeking and corrupt men will for profit and sensuality defeat my wishes, but nothing will induce me to derive a revenue from the vice and misery of my people."

3933. Do you think it would be possible to prevent the introduction of opium into China-I do, by the concurrence of the governments of England, America and France.

3934. And of other countries?-Those three countries would do it efficiently, I think.

3935. Would not Holland be important ?-Holland has very little trade; if those three countries made it a prohibition they would entirely put it down. With regard to the question as to the use of opium, I felt bound, as a mem- ber of the council, to dissent from its introduction into Hong Kong, and I should be glad to put on record my dissent; it states some of the grounds on which I dissent.

3936. Sir

[ 5 ]

3936. Sir G. Staunton.] Did you propose that the opium trade should be R. M. Martin, Esq. left entirely free?--I objected to the Queen's Government being in any way identified with the opium trade in Hong Kong; merchants in their dealings therein would act according to their private consciences.

3937. Mr. Ewart.] Then you did not propose to interdict the trade on the part of the merchants ---Not at all. I object on the ground that the Queen of this country, as a Christian Sovereign, ought not to sanction the opium trade. 3938. Do you extend that to a company like the East India Company, who cultivate the article as a monopoly?-Quite so.

3939. Sir G. Staunton.] Would not the effect of that be rather to give greater facility to the opium trade?-Granting even that it does, it disconnects the Government of a Christian country with what I consider to be a vice. I do not think that any government professing Christianity should be connected. with a vicious means of indulgence.

3940. You do not contemplate any positive prohibition at Hong Kong?--- Had I the power, I would. I was not called

I was not called upon to propose such. 3941. Mr. Ewart.] You merely spoke as a Government officer?-As a member of Her Majesty's Council. I put in a dissent which was written a few hours before carrying it into the council; I will deliver in a copy of it.- (The same was delivered in. Vide Appendix.)

3942. In what respect do you think the opium trade injurious to us, in our relations with China -Politically, with reference to our position with the government of China. Had France, or America, or Russia, granted us an island on their coast, as a commercial station, and had they prohibited the use of opium, believing it to be injurious, we dare not in that case have made it a smoking shop for the empire; and I would not act to the Chinese government in a different manner than I would act to a government in Europe. Then, socially speaking, I believe it is the duty of this Government to uphold moral principles, and to disseminate religious truth, and she cannot do that with one hand, while on the other she is introducing into China an amount of opium which furnishes 17 grains a day to each of three millions of people, and which, in the language of Mr. Lay, Her Majesty's late consul at Amoy, is hamstringing the nation;" that was the expression of Mr. Lay. I think it is desolating China, corrupting its government, and bringing the fabric of that extraordinary empire to a state of more rapid dissolution. Commercially speak- ing, it is injurious to us, because it prevents the extension of our manufactures in China. Four or five mercantile houses are engaged in that traffic, and derive a large amount of income from it; but the trade in England is materially cramped, by the extension of opium consumption in China, to the extent of at least four millions sterling.

3943. Viscount Jocelyn.] Do you believe that our Government refusing to have anything to do with the opium trade, would tend to put a stop to it? I do not think it would immediately.

3944. Would it put a check to the trade-It might have some effect upon the consciences or moral feelings of men if there were general opprobrium thrown on it by the Government; though, of course, a few individuals for gain, might always afford means of obtaining it.

3945. Do not you think that it would lead to an unhappy state of affairs if there were a perpetual war going on between the people bringing opium to the shores and the Chinese government-It was not so when Commissioner Lin took the steps that he did; there was not a possibility of selling a chest of opium along the coast. The compradors that went ashore at different ports were seized, and it was known that the opium that was taken possession of at Canton could not be sold, and that that was a great benefit to the English traders in opium.

3946. Do you believe that at that period there was no opium sold along the coast of China ?-I understood from the persons engaged in the traffic, that there was a complete cessation of it; they could not sell the opium.

3947. Mr. Ewart.] But you cannot speak from your own personal know- ledge I speak from the evidence of captains of ships, and those engaged in opium vessels.

3948. But you cannot have seen all the captains of ships who traded along the coast?-I think I consulted seven, if not eight.

3949. Viscount Jocelyn.] Would not you allow that if such a state of things

was

18 May 1847.

444

[ 6 ]

R. M. Martin, Esq. was likely to arise, it would be more injurious to our trade with China than the Government to a certain decree acknowledging the trade -Certainly not; 18 May 1847. our main trade at present is in tea, and the Chinese are as much dependent upon the sale of tea as we are upon the purchase of it. During the war, when we were capturing their cities, the tea trade went on as usual; therefore the efforts of the Chinese government to put down the opium trade would not affect our trade.

3950. You do not think that a state of things which would lead to a piratical system in China would be injurious to our trade?-I do not perceive that it would have that effect,

3951. You admit that the people would have opium; then if the government. did all it could to suppress the opium trade, must not the result of their car- rying out their views be a piratical state of things?--It would lead probably to severe contests, as in the recent melancholy case, where two vessels were cut off at Chimmoo Bay; but probably the Government of this country would be bound to interfere to prevent its flag being used for the purpose of smuggling opium into China against the laws of that empire.

3952. Mr. Ewart.] Have any other means occurred to you of extending our trade with China-I think a great deal may be done by opening collateral. intercourse with the nations surrounding China. The first country to which I would beg the attention of the Committee would be Japan; we had for- merly a factory in Japan, and in 1613 the Emperor of Japan granted a treaty of privileges to this country of a most favourable nature. I have discovered in the British Museum a copy of that treaty, a translation of which I beg to give in. It is written in the Firogane character, and gives us perfect freedom of access for all goods to Japan. We were ultimately compelled to abandon that factory by the aggressions of the Dutch, but for many years the Japanese government retained the English factory for them. I think it is possible to re- open our intercourse with Japan on the basis of this treaty, and that a mission, undertaken as Great Britain ought to undertake it, would be effectual in obtain- ing for us even better terms than the Dutch now have at Nangasaki. I will hand in the translation of the treaty. (The same was delivered in. Vide Appendix.)

3953. This original writing is still intelligible to the Japanese?-Yes. 3954. And therefore this instrument might be the basis of a negociation with them--Yes; the Japanese are very strict in adhering to promises.

3955. How has the treaty been translated?--The translation is along with the original in the British Museum. A letter was also written from the Emperor of Japan, accompanying that treaty, to the King of Great Britain. There is an old translation of that, of which I will hand in a copy. (The same was delivered in. Vide Appendix.) The position of Japan, as evidenced upon this skeleton map (producing a map), shows how advantageous would be the inter- course with reference to China, and to the intermediate peninsula of Corea. Corea is a peninsula of about 500 miles long and 200 broad, with a fine climate, an excellent soil, and an industrious people; it would afford to us a consi- derable outlet for our manufactures. A harbour named Chosan, near the south- east extremity of the peninsula, has been visited recently by Sir Edward Belcher. It is a harbour to which the Japanese resort for trade with Corea; and as Corea does not belong to China, but has merely a ceremonial of investi- ture on the accessions of its sovereigns, it would be perfectly free for us to enter into commercial arrangements with Corea without any negociation with the Chinese government. On Lord Macartney's mission in 1792, he was in- structed to open a communication with Japan, Cochin China, and all countries, but the state of affairs prevented it. The French have recently sent a mission to Japan, but more complimentary than for the purpose of any commercial. intercourse. The Americans have recently sent a mission, but they have been refused intercourse, for they are viewed as inferior in rank to the English, and probably it would not be deemed courteous to give the Americans access to Japan, when England has not yet applied. I learned at Java recently, from a Dutch gentleman who had returned from Japan, that the Japanese were expecting a mission from England, that they had translated the whole account of our war with China, and that it would be a favourable opportunity to make an impression upon the Japanese authorities, and to obtain commercial inter- course with Japan. Those islands may be termed the Great Britain of the China seas; they contain about 35,000,000 of inhabitants far more civilized.

than

[ 7 ]

than the Chinese, whom they hold in contempt; in fact they only permit six R. M. Martin, Esq. Chinese junks a year to visit them at one port, Nangasaki.

18 May 1847.

3956. And only one Dutch ship?-Two is the number now. 3957. Have you examined the past and present intercourse between Holland. and Japan ?-I have reported on it to Her Majesty's Government.

3958. Can you give the Committee any further information as to our former relations with Japan ?-We had a factory there, and we were exceed- ingly well received.

3959. For how long?-From 1613 to 1623. We were then expelled by the conduct of the Dutch, which was somewhat similar to the massacre at Amboyna, and they obliged our people to retreat from Japan.

3960. What is the result of your inquiries into the trade between Holland and Japan?-The trade with Holland has diminished latterly, in consequence of the monopolizing spirit of the Dutch government; they are restricted to a single. port at Nangasaki; but if we had free intercourse with the capital, with Jeddo, I think a very large trade might be carried on, not only with Japan, but inter- mediately with the adjacent places.

3961. When did the ship called the "Morrison" go there?--I think the date was 1837; she went there on a mission from Canton, but was unsuccessful; no efforts were made to prosecute it. There is an island marked on that map, called Quelpaart's Island, which is worthy of attention as a trading station.

3962. Is Quelpaart's Island, which is south of the peninsula of Corca, a good trading station ?-It is. The circumstance of its geographical position renders it most advantageous for a trade with Japan, with Corea, and with China. I understand that the country is fertile, and is covered with cattle; some of our ships visited it during the war, and obtained supplies there. If it were made a commercial trading station under the protection of a 10-gun brig, not expensively established as a colony, I think it would afford the means of trade with all the countries around, and time would indicate its value.

3963. What is its relation to China-It has no relation to China; it is connected with Corea.

3964. Is it under a kind of feudal investiture ?-No, it is a mere appendage to the peninsula of Corea.

3965. Corea you state to be a country connected directly with the crown of China?-Only so far directly that the sovereign of Corea receives his inves- titure on coming to the throne, and sends annually some present to Pekin. The Coreans carry on trade at Pekin, but they are perfectly independent in their relations, and have been at war with China and with Japan.

3966. Is it something like the Pacha of Egypt and the Turkish government? -It is probably so. It would be a great advantage to our merchants if they had Corea open to them for their traffic.

3967. Quelpaart's Island would be a good position, having on one side China and on another the peninsula of Corea, and as a third side the Japan Islands? ---Yes; I am not speaking of it as a colony, but as a trading station. After a few years it might be seen what advantages were realized; but in order to carry on a trade with the northern regions, it would be necessary to repeal the Act which prohibits British ships or subjects going beyond the 32d degree of north latitude.

3968. Is that part of the present stipulation with China ?--Not at all; it is a gratuitous Act, restricting ourselves. I never could understand what was the object of preventing British merchants seeking to push their wares into the northern regions. It is an Hong Kong Ordinance, No. 1, of 1846, creating penalties for any ship going beyond the 32d degree of north latitude. The Ordinance was founded on an act of the Privy Council here originally.

3969. And not based upon any understanding with the Chinese govern- ment?-Upon no treaties. There is another region to which a collateral trade might be carried on, and that is the region of Siam and Cochin China, extending South of China.

3970. There are also the Loo Choo Islands ?-They are small; Manchouria would form a station for our coasting traffic. Siam and Cochin China it is estimated contain a population of 50,000,000. We have a treaty with Siam, but it is so imperfect, that it has never been acted upon. It requires ships to take their guns out, &c. It appears to be subject to restrictions which would prevent

445

[ 8 ]

R. M. Martin, Esq. prevent the English merchants carrying on the trade. That treaty, I believe,

is not known at the Foreign Office; I obtained it at the India House.

18 May 1847.

3971. Was Mr. Crawfurd agent at the time it was made?-Mr. Crawfurd was agent.

3972. Was it between the King of Siam and the East India Company ?- Yes. But it is held valid by the Crown of England.

3973. Would not it go to the Board of Control, under Mr. Pitt's Act?-Yes, the Board of Control, certainly. There is a treaty between the United States of America and Siam on the 3d of March 1843, which is an excellent treaty, and is in operation. A considerable trade is now carrying on under it. I will hand in a copy of this treaty. (The same was delivered in. Vide Appendix.) 3974. Do the Americans carry on any trade with Siam now ?They do, and are endeavouring to do so with Cochin China; and there is a large supply

sugars, &c. to be obtained in those countries.

3975. Have you any remarks to make upon the trade between Singapore. and China-I have some Returns prepared of the trade between Singapore and China for 10 years; it is an increasing traffic.

3976. What does it consist of principally-In what is termed Straits' pro- duce, which consists of rattans, rice, drugs, dried fish, birds' nests, and various commodities. These Returns have been prepared for me by the Governor of Singapore, which will illustrate the trade of China and Singapore; they con- tain both the values and the quantities. (The same were delivered in. Vide Appendix.) I obtained from the collector of customs at Bombay the official Returns of the trade between China, Bengal, and Bombay, giving the quan- tities and the values. These are the official Returns transmitted to me by the collector of customs at Calcutta and Bombay. (The same were delivered in. Vide Appendix.)

3977. Is the cotton trade increasing now from India to China? The cotton. trade has diminished. The Americans have been pushing the trade in raw cotton from the United States.

3978. Is that an increasing trade-It has fallen off the last year; but for several years it had been slowly increasing. The quantity of cotton twist that goes to China diminishes very much the importation of raw cotton from India. 3979. The quantity of cotton twist imported into China increases ?-Yes. 3980. From whence ?-From England and from the United States. 3981. The supply of China itself, of raw cotton, and cotton twist, for its manufactures, is insufficient I should think so; the importations have increased very largely.

3982. Do not they grow very fine cotton there?-Yes; but insufficient for the population. In the northern districts of China, the people are clad in sheep skins or cotton quilt.

3983. Have you any means of judging of the extent to which we might push the trade in woollens with China?If we had stations to the northward, they would be advantageous for that purpose. In the southern districts the people are clothed in cotton.

3984. Does not Shang-hai, by opening more communication with the north of China, enable us to send our woollens to the northward -Yes; but not so well as if we had a station at Tientzin, the port of Pekin.

3985. Would not the Chinese object to our coming so near the capital? The Tartar government might object to that, but there is in some of the Chinese statesmen a desire to cultivate relations with England.

3986. Have you prepared a report upon the tea trade?-I have prepared and submitted to Her Majesty's Government a report on the tea trade. On proceeding to China, it was stated to me, that any information which I could. collect, and any reports which I could make, would be acceptable to Her Ma- jesty's Government, and I prepared this Report and this Table, a copy of which I beg to lay before the Committee. (The same were delivered in. Vide Appen- dix.) I should state that I have the misfortune to differ from the opinions which have been promulgated before this Committee with reference to the reduction of the duty. The evidence of that Table is to demonstrate that the tea consumption has increased in this country irrespectively of the duty levied by the Government. In the last five years there has been an increase of 10,000,000 of pounds, therefore, showing that it is not the rate of duty which impedes the consumption. If the Government could afford to give up a portion

[ 9 ]

of the 5,000,000 7. of duty levied upon tea, it would be an experiment; but I do R. M. Martin, Esq. not believe it would reduce the price of tea, or benefit the commerce of the country.

18 May 1847.

3987. Would it not increase the consumption of tea?--I do not think it would. I think tea is a very peculiar article as to its consumption; that it is out of the category of sugar and other commodities, and that mere cheapness of price will not cause an increased consumption. I am prepared to offer evi- dence to show that in different countries in Europe, where tea at one time was largely consumed, yet though no duty was levied, the consumption entirely fell off.

In the United States

3988. Owing to what causes?-Change of taste. latterly there has been no duty, and the consumption of tea has not increased any proportion whatever; and therefore the duty, which must be maintained by the Government for its revenue, may as well be levied on tea as on other commodities. I, for one, would rather see the people of this country possessed of the means of obtaining malt liquor free than tea cheap; it would be more beneficial to the working classes to have beer cheap than to have very cheap tea. I consider the excessive use of tea injurious. In the case of our factory population living on vegetable diet, the using tea largely produces a very deleterious effect upon them.

3989. Have you any other observations to offer upon our trade with China? -Not beyond this; that it would be exceedingly advisable for Her Majesty's Government to dispatch a mission to China for the purpose of obtaining a modification of the treaty, perfect freedom of intercourse, and the opening of other ports to the northward.

3990. And you believe that such an attempt would be successful?-I believe that if properly conducted it would be highly bencficial, and would be met with a feeling, if not of very cordial amity, yet at least of a desire to hold friendly intercourse with us.

3991. Sir G. Staunton] Do you consider that the present decay of trade at Hong Kong arises from unavoidable circumstances, or that there is any change system which the Government could adopt that might restore it to a state of prosperity ?-I have no desire to avoid giving an answer that question, inas- much as I think there have been strong expressions against the existing mode of government in Hong Kong. I believe that the Honourable Baronet who is at the head of Her Majesty's government in China, is a gentleman of great intelligence, of good business habits, and not indisposed to carry out the most beneficial measures for the interest both of the government he represents, and of the community over whom he presides; I think the difficulties that have arisen have been difficulties arising rather from the nature of the place, than from the measures adopted. I very much regret that Sir John Davis did not more directly look in the face the very great difficulties which he had to contend with, instead of endeavouring by a system of taxation and legislation to raise up the place to what was expected. I think it has been unfortunate for himself, and has caused a great deal of the disappointment that has ensued. I entertain for Sir John Davis in many regards a respect, and though I had the misfortune to differ with him upon the question of opium, and was compelled to resign my position in Her Majesty's service because I was refused by him six months' leave of absence, I think Sir John Davis under other circumstances would have made a good governor.

3992. Supposing that in raising the present revenue he acted under instruc- tions from home, you do not see how a similar revenue could be raised in any other manner more satisfactorily to the colony-Had the Governor used his discretion in representing that it was not possible to raise a revenue without diminishing the commerce or injuring the merchants in their endeavours to make the place more available for trade, I think he would have exercised a sound discretion. It was an endeavour to realize the representations which had been made. For instance, Her Majesty's Government were informed that Hong Kong would be the Carthage of the east. In another communication they were informed that it would have a population equal to ancient Rome. On another occasion, Governor Davis informed Lord Stanley that he believed Hong Kong would ultimately supersede Canton; and the constant endeavour to realize those expectations led to a continued system of taxation, an unfor- tunate desire for legislation, and an unnecessarily expensive system of

govern- C

ment.

446

[ 10 ]

R. M. Martin, Esq, ment. This produced irritation on the part of the merchants, who smarting under their losses, felt more irritable at every transaction; and thus there. has been produced an unfortunate state of feeling between the community and the Governor.

18 May 1547.

3993. But supposing this revenue is required to be raised, you are not aware of any other manner in which it can be accomplished with satisfaction to the colony-It is impossible to raise a revenue from such a place. The endea- vour to squeeze as much as possible out of a poor struggling settlement neces- sarily causes irritation. There is not a respectable Chinese inhabitant in the island, and never has been. A person engaged in the opium trade, named Chinam, built a hong there, and shortly after quitted the place; but no respectable Chinaman will live at Hong Kong.

you

3994.

What would recommend, would be to abandon the design of raising the present revenue at Hong Kong-I would not attempt to raise any revenue beyond a moderate amount of land rent, and give security to life and property.

3995. The registration system has been stated to be very objectionable; do you concur in that opinion?-I objected to the registration system in the first place, as regards Europeans; I did not think they ought to be placed like ticket- of-leave men at New South Wales. 1 objected to it secondly, as levying a tax upon the Chinese. And I particularly objected to the most obnoxious pro- position of branding them upon the cheeks.

3996. And which has been abandoned?-Yes. But the registration system has been ineffective, even with those modifications.

3997. And therefore you recommend the entire abandonment of it ?-Yes. 3998. And you think that could be done consistently with the security of persons and property in the island?-There has been little security, and there is still less at present. The very last mail shows that individuals cannot walk outside the town unarmed.

3999. Would you suggest any remedy for that evil?-I would give the Chinese shopkeepers there somewhat the management of their own people. There is an excellent municipal local system in every town in China, and I would endeavour to make the Chinese in Hong Kong supervisors of their own. people, and give them some little rank of office, in order that they may exercise a surveillance over their own people.

4000. You think an effective police may be constituted upon that principle so as to control the evil-disposed population, and at the same time not to discourage the respectable population-Yes; I would leave it as much. as possible in the hands of the Chinese themselves. At present the police are composed of Europeans and Lascars; the gentleman at the head of the police is an efficient officer from London, Mr. May; and though I have heard observations made respecting the police squeezing the inhabitants, my impression is that that gentleman is a most trustworthy character, and would be the last to sanction such a proceeding; but I would have some Chinese police.

4001. You do not think it necessary to have any registration for persons visiting the island-It is impossible, from the contiguity of the island to the mainland; it would be like an attempt as between one side of the Thames and the other, with boats going constantly backwards and forwards.

4002. Viscount Jocelyn.] Do you know anything of the village administra- tion in China-It is maintained by a system of head-men. Their municipal. system appears to be almost perfect, and to be one of the means by which that vast empire is kept together.

4003. It is very similar to the village system in India-Yes. I would try it in Hong Kong.

4004. Do you think you could get respectable Chinamen to take the office of head-men in the villages?-There are shopkeepers and inhabitants of that kind in Hong Kong to whom I would entrust the power.

I would con- stitute them a petty bench. I think such an arrangement would be popular, by showing a disposition to grant the Chinese power, and to make them respect themselves. I beg to add, that it is much to be regretted that we have not retained possession of Chusan, and if any negotiation were opened with the Government of China, it would be very desirable to retain possession of that settlement, one of the most advantageously situated islands which I have seen in that part of the world. If we had the power of placing an island in any

part

[ 11 ]

part of the globe, which for political and commercial objects would be an R. M. Martin, Esq, eligible position for England, we could not place it in a spot equal to that of Chusan.

4005. Sir G. Staunton.] But you do not consider, that under the provisons of the treaty, it would be possible to retain it?-Quite so. Lord Aberdeen informed me, that Chusan should not be evacuated till Canton was opened; but nevertheless Chusan has been evacuated, but Canton has not been opened. 4006. Viscount Jocelyn.] Do you believe that for commerce it would have. been important to have kept the island of Chusan-Probably not as regards the Yang-tse-kiang; but with regard to other places, Japan, Corea, Mantchouria, all the northern districts of China, and Formosa.

4007. Do you remember whether, after Shang-hai was opened, the trade of Chusan did not nearly cease ?--That was because no vessel was allowed to go to Chusan; it was not within the terms of the treaty. A vessel could not come from one of the other ports in China to Chusan.

4008. Before Chusan was given up, immediately that Shang-hai was opened, what was the effect upon the trade at Chusan-The trade at Chusan was drawn off to Shang-hai. The reason that there was none at Chusan was that Chusan was not permitted to be included in the trade which we were then carrying on. It was held merely as a guarantee.

400g. Mr. Harcourt.] We have been told by witnesses that it would have required a considerable employment of troops to have retained possession of Chusan. Do you agree in that?-Not at all; the very reverse. First with regard to the police. The police did not cost 100 dollars a month. There was not a homicide in the island while we possessed it; and the value of all the property stolen did not exceed that stolen in a single night at Hong Kong. Secondly, with regard to troops, it is more easily defended than Hong Kong; and the inhabitants being ordinarily of the agricultural character, required less means of keeping them in order. There is a fort called Joss House Hill, which, with a few troops, would give complete protection; whereas, with regard to Hong Kong, we never could defend it: half the harbour does not belong to us, and no garrison we could keep there could defend it. At Chusan I believe a frigate and a single regiment would be a sufficient protection.

4010. Mr. Ewart.] Do you think that while access is allowed to the towns on the main land, it is likely that an island at some distance would become a depôt of commerce?-I spoke of its being a depôt from other places; but with regard to our access to places on the main land, it is as if a Chinese mer- chant were allowed to come to Gravesend, instead of London; to Pill, instead of Bristol; to Greenock, instead of Glasgow; we are only at the very outskirts of the Empire, not in the commercial cities.

4011. With what commercial cities do you think we should open further communication ?-Soochoo, of which Shang-hai is the port; Nankin, Tching- kiang foo, Tientzin, Kiang-sing, and Tchang-foo, of which Amoy is the port, and the cities above Canton. There are two large cities on the river above Canton to which we should have access.

APPENDIX

18 May 1847.

Boa

Trac

[ 12 ]

447

Appendix.

Report on the Island of Hong Kong.

APPENDIX.

PAPERS delivered in by R. Montgomery Martin, Esq., and referred to in his Evidence on 18 May 1847.

(1.)

REPORT on the Island of Hong Kong, by R. Montgomery Martin, Her Majesty's Treasurer for the Colonial and Consular Service in China, and a Member of Her Majesty's Council at Hong Kong. Transmitted to Governor Davis for Lord Stanley, 24 July 1844.

Locality-Hong Kong, which in the Chinese language significs Red Harbour, or Flowing Streams, is in north latitude 22 16 27", east longitude 114° 14′ 48′′, distant about 40 miles east from Macao. It forms one of a numerous but scattered group of lofty islands termed the " Ladrones," which vary in size and height, but agree in their arid and rugged features. The length of the island from east to west is about eight miles, with a breadth of two to four miles; it is separated from the main land of China by a strait or inlet of the sea, varying in breadth from half a mile to three miles; one entrance, the Lymoon Pass, being only about a quarter of a mile wide.

Physical Aspect. The island consists of a broken ridge or "hog's back" of mountainous hills running from W.N.W. to E.S.E. at an average height of about 1,000 feet; but from this ridge and its spurs various conical mountains are elevated to the height of 1,500 to 2,000 feet above the sea, and very precipitous. The whole island indeed rises abruptly from the ocean, particularly on the north face. There are a few narrow vallies and deep ravines through which the sea occasionally bursts, or which serve as conduits for the mountain torrents; but on the north side of the island, especially where the town of Victoria is Luilt, the rocky ridge approaches close to the sea, and it was only by hewing through this ridge that a street or road could be made to connect the straggling town of Victoria, which stretches along the water edge for nearly four miles, although only comprising about 60 European houses and several Chinese huts and bazaars. Here and there, on the tops of some isolated hills or along the precipitous slopes of the mountains, some houses have been constructed, but the rugged, broken, and abrupt precipices and deep rocky ravines will ever effectually prevent the formation at Victoria of any concentrated town adapted for mutual protection, cleanliness, and comfort. Hong Kong cannot be said to possess any vegetation; a few goats with difficulty find pasturage. After the heavy rains of May, June, July, and August, the hills assume somewhat of a greenish hue, like a decayed Stilton cheese; but the whitey-brown or red-streaked ridges, with the scattered masses of black rocks, give a most uninviting and desolate aspect to the island, which is unrelieved by the adjacent main land, whose physical features are precisely similar to that of Hong Kong, the mountains' tops and sides presenting in many places the appearance of a negro streaked. with leprosy.

Geology. There is no igneous formation in Hong Kong; the island partakes of the same geological character as the whole south coast of China, excepting that it seems of older for- mation. The structure may be briefly described as consisting of decomposed coarse granite intermixed with strata of a red disintegrating sandstone crumbling into a stiff ferruginous- looking clay. Here and there huge boulder-stones, which gunpowder will not blast, may be seen imbedded in a stiff pudding earth, or they are strewed over the tops and sides of the mountains. Gneiss and felspar are found in fragments. That the granite is rotten, and passing like dead animal and vegetable substances into a putrescent state, is evidenced from the crumbling of the apparently solid rock beneath the touch, and from the noxious vapour or nitrogen which it yields when the sun strikes fervidly on it after rain. On examining the sites of houses in Victoria whose foundations were being excavated in the sides of the hills, the strata appeared like a richly prepared compost, emitting a fetid odour of the most sickening nature, and which at night must prove a deadly poison. This strata quickly absorbs any quantity of rain, which it returns to the surface in the nature of a pestiferous mineral gas. The position of the town of Victoria, which may be likened to the bottom of a crater with a lake, prevents the dissipation of this gas, while the geological formation favours the retention of a morbific poison on the surface, to be occasionally called into deadly activity. There is no extent of marsh on the island capable of generating miasm, but the heavy rains are annually washing large portions of the mountains through deep ravines into the bay, and thus continually exposing a fresh rotten surface to the sun's rays, and preserving a focus of disease which will finally become endemic. Vast quantities of the silt from the hills are being deposited along the shores of the harbour; owing to this circumstance, and to the rapid receding of the tides from this coast, the bay is becoming shoaler every day; the average depth is only four to five fathoms, except in

the

[ 13 ]

the stream, where there is six to seven fathoms. In no great interval of time the harbour of Hong Kong will be too shoal in many places for large vessels.

Appendix.

Report on the

Climate. It is difficult to convey by thermometrical registers an accurate idea of the Island of Hong climate of any place. The range of the thermometer will not indicate the pressure of the Kong. atmosphere; the barometer in or near the tropics is of little utility as an index; the hygrometer imperfectly shows the quantity of rain which is in solution; while the height of the surrounding land, its configuration, the nature of the soil, the extent and quality of the vegetation, the exposure to the sea, and the prevailing winds, all influence what is com- prised under the word "Climate." In some respects the whole coast of China partakes of the climatic characteristics of the opposite cost of the American continents, particularly as regards the extremes of temperature, and its depressing influence on mental or bodily exertion,

For six months in the year, April to September, the heat varies from 80° to 90° F.; but occasionally during the other six months the heat is also very great, the thermometer having been known to stand at 80° F. on Christmas-day. The island being on the verge of the tropics, is subject to the extremes of the torrid and temperate zones. Even on the same day the range of mercury in the thermometer is very great, and the vicissitudes are exceedingly trying to the European constitution.

But neither the range from heat to cold, nor the quantity of moisture in the atmosphere, will adequately convey an idea of the effects that this climate is capable of producing on the human frame.

During April and part of May, when the sun is approaching rapidly from the Equator, there is a dry, burning heat, with a cloudless sky; but towards the end of May, and through- out June, July, August, and part of September, the rain descends in torrents, with a force and continuance, such as I have never seen in India, Africa, Australasia, or any other part of the world. The clouds pour down one vast sheet of water, washing away hills and rocks, surrounding the island with deep ravines, and saturating the soft, porous, putrescent strata, to the extent of many feet, with daily renewed moisture. In the intervals of rain a nearly vertical sun acts with an intense evaporating power, and a noxious steam or vapour rises from the fetid soil, yielding a gas of a most sickly and deleterious nature, exactly such as I experienced on the coast of Africa in 1824, when I was seized with an "earth fever," while in H. M. service, from the effects of which I, with great difficulty, recovered, but of which most of my brother officers perished. This morbific gas does not arise from vegetable or animal decomposition. There is none on the island of any extent. But decomposed mineral substances yield an aëriform poison, under some circumstances, of a more deadly nature than either of the other kingdoms of nature. This gas does not rise. more than a few feet from the earth; it slowly mingles with the surrounding atmosphere, and when not causing immediate illness produces a depressing effect on mind and body, which undermines and destroys the strongest constitutions.

Military and naval men who have served in Africa and India feel the effects of the sun in Hong Kong in a manner never before experienced. Even at Macao, only 40 miles west of Hong Kong, Europeans may walk about the whole day in the month of July, when to do so at Hong Kong would be attended with almost certain death. Neither the Indian Sepoys, Malays, nor Chinese cane ndure the climate so well as Europeans, whose stamina they do not possess. The Chinese deem it a dangerous experiment to prolong their abode in the island beyond a certain time. They have ever viewed Hong Kong as injurious to health and fatal to life. The Europeans who survive a brief residence in this climate, generally get a lassitude of frame, and an irritability of fibre, which destroys the spring of existence. A malign influence operates on the system in a most distressing manner, which is not removed by a return to Europe; on the contrary, the sufferers frequently die in England soon after their arrival.

Diseases and Mortality.-The prevailing disease of Hong Kong is a fever combining the character of the African and West India fevers. It was at first supposed to be epi- demic, but it has now become endemic, and may be assumed to be the fixed malady of the island. Diarrhoea and dysentery form the next most immediately fatal class of diseases; but intermittent fever or ague destroys health gradually. Last year the strength per annum of European and native troops was 1,526, and the number who passed through the hospital in the year amounted to 7,893; thus on an average, each man went through the hospital more than five times in the year. Of the diseases with which they were afflicted, 4,069 were fevers, 762 diarrhœas, 497 dysenteries, and 180 were pulmonic complaints. The total number of deaths, out of 1,526 men, was 440, or 1 in 33. The fatal fever cases were 155; ditto, diarrhoea, 80; ditto, dysentery, 137. The destruction of life since our occupation of Hong Kong has been enormous. Last year the deaths among the troops in the island amounted to 1 in 3; at Chusan, to 1 in 29}; and at Koolungsoo, to 1 in 12. Her Majesty's 98th Regiment lost at Hong Kong, in 21 months, 257 men by death. But in this and other regiments, it is not merely the deaths which indicate disease and a perni- cious climate; it is the great number of men invalided, and constantly unfit for duty. One half the men of a company are frequently unable to attend the parade; out of 100 nien there are sometimes not more than five or six men fit for duty.

The

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[ 14 ]

[ 15 ]

448

Appendix,

Report on the Island of Hong Kong.

The Royal Artillery, the finest military corps in the world, out of 135 men and officers lost in two years, 51 by death (of whom 35 died at Hong Kong during the last six months of 1843), and 45 by invaliding. That Hong Kong was the cause of their death will be seen from the fact, that Colonel Knowles's detachment of the Royal Artillery went through the whole of the war at Canton and at the Yang-tzi-kang river; the detachment was out here three years; it never landed at Hong Kong. One man was killed, another died. of dropsy; but the whole of the remainder of the detachment returned to England, except the commanding officer, Lieutenant-colonel Knowles, who landed at Hong Kong, and died of fever.

The officers of the Royal Artillery died in the same proportion as the men; out of nine officers who came out with the original detachment, but one escaped disease or death.

Last year there were severe losses in the ships of war. Her Majesty's ship "Agincourt" lost, during the sickly season of 1843, 60 men, of whom 20 were marines; 40 men were invalided home, of whom few would recover. Since leaving England in May 1842, the Agincourt" has been obliged to enter 160 seamen from merchant ships. The cause assigned for the severe illness of the marines and seamen of last year was the being obliged to land guards to protect stores at West Point. This year the "Agincourt" sends no men on shore or on night duty; and out of 600 men, there are only 23, including slight hurts, in the sick list. This fact tests the insalubrity of the shore.

The deaths in the naval force at Hong Kong and Whampoa, for the six sickly months ending October 1843, were 41 per cent.; while for the same period on shore, the deaths among the troops averaged 24 per cent.; and even among the European civilians, the estimate was 10 per cent. In May 1843, the left wing of Her Majesty's 55th Regiment had 16 officers and 491 men in Hong Kong. From thence to November, two officers and 218 men died; and the lives of the remainder were only saved by the prompt, judicious, and humane conduct of General D'Aguilar, in immediately embarking the men for England. The mortality as yet (July 17), during the present year has not been so great; but sick- ness is equally destructive of the efficiency of the troops. Chuck Chew, on the south side On 30 June 1844, out of 400 of Hong Kong, it was hoped, would be a healthy station. men of Her Majesty's 98th, at Chuck Chew, there were 109 in hospital; out of 80 Lascars. at the same station, there were 30 in hospital.

It was supposed that Saiwan, on the south-east side of Hong Kong, would afford a healthy station for the troops. Government expended about 30,000 dollars in preparing and building a fine set of barracks of two stories, with every view to comfort and health. The officer of the Royal Engineers having reported the barracks habitable, the General commanding sent a Medical Board to examine the building and station. The Board re- ported that the station at Saiwan appeared healthy; that there was no apparent cause for disease, and that it was eligible for troops. The General resolved to begin with a small detachment, and 20 Europeans were sent to Saiwan. No sentry was to be mounted during the day, and but one at night,

In five weeks, five of the soldiers were dead; three more were in a dangerous state, and four were convalescent; one European woman and child were also dangerously ill.

The remaining men were withdrawn, and a small detachment of native troops are now (17 July 1844) being sent thither, in order to ascertain whether the climate will suit them. On the 17th July 1844, only four men out of the 20 Europeans were reported fit for duty.

The returns made to the Army and Naval Medical Boards will furnish full information on the sufferings of the soldiers and sailors in Her Majesty's service in this colony.

The Indian troops bear the insalubrity of the climate worse than the Europeans. In the cantonments at the west end of Victoria, the 39th Madras Native Infantry and 37th In May 1844 a wing of the Madras Native Infantry lost nearly half their men in 1842. 4th Regiment Madras Native Infantry landed at Hong Kong 450 men in perfect health, and 53 sick, after a long voyage. There have been already many deaths in the canton- ments at the east end of Victoria, and in June 1844 there were 160 men sick, and the list was daily increasing. From 15th April to 2d July 1844 there died at Hong Kong, out of the small force here, 52 Europeans and 42 native soldiers.

General D'Aguilar says that the maintenance of an European garrison at Hong Kong would cost the Crown one regiment every three years. Estimating each soldier as having cost Government 100 Z., this would be a severe economical loss, and worthy the considera- tion of those who will not reflect on the humanity of the subject. To keep 700 effective firelocks in Hong Kong it is necessary to maintain 1,400 men!

about Hong Kong is not less fatal to the Chinese, of whom there are, on an average, 600 sick and dying monthly. Dr. Gutzlaff says, "of 100 coolies, with whom I was acquainted, there died, between 20th May and 15th June 1844, 10 men, whilst 30 left the place diseased."

I understand that the whole of these 100 strong men from the north-east coast were obliged to leave the colony from sickness. There is no large town or extensive population on the mainland of China adjacent to Hong Kong; which indicates the native opinion of this part of China.

Dr.

Appendix.

Dr. Gutzlaff says, "Many Chinese have fallen victims in Hong Kong from a malignant fever, which not only deranges the whole system, but hastens the death of the patient.' He adds: "There exists amongst the doctors not one dissentient voice about the fatal ten- Report on the dency of diseases contracted here."

Island of Hong Kong. Nor is it during only one period of the year that the island is unhealthy; in the cold season there are agues, low continued fever, diarrhea, pulmonary complaints, dropsy, rheu- matism, and various other diseases arising from general debility of the system, and the poisoned atmosphere. On 25th August 1843 the Surveyor-general of the colouy reported to Government that "the number of interments had been so great (in the European grave yard) that the enclosure was almost quite full, and the hill behind so rocky that it was impossible to dig into it, therefore ere long it would be necessary to provide another place." The Surveyor-general further stated, "It would be a difficult thing to select another grave yard, on account of the rocky and uneven nature of the island."

Let it be not said that the dreadful mortality and sickness of Hong Kong is the result of the newness of the colony, and that all young settlements suffer proportionally.

The assertion, if made, is at variance with fact. New colonies, even in the tropics, have not been originally unhealthy. When the West India islands were first colonized, they were perfectly healthy, as is proved by the large European population who resorted thither and remained there many years. Calcutta and Bombay are reported to have been formerly much healthier than they are at present; the Australian colonies were perfectly healthy when founded; so also the Mauritius and St. Helena; I cannot name a single colony that was originally unhealthy, and that subsequently became salubrious. Soldiers, sailors, and civilians; Europeans and natives, women as well as men, residing in every part of Hong Kong, have fallen victims to the climate, and at all seasons of the year.

An extensive study of the subject, and no inconsiderable experience in different climates, induces me to concur in the opinion of Dr. Thompson, the respected head of the medical department of Hong Kong, that the island never will be healthy. Its geological character, the immense quantity of rain, and the circumvallation of bills surrounding the town and island, render it a hotbed of disease which may be more mitigated one year than another, but which will ever and anon recur with increased violence. No drainage can obviate this destructive miasm; independent of new roads or buildings, the rain will every year keep the surface continually saturated with moisture, and also uncover large portions of the hills, washing the putrifying substance down the deep ravines towards the sea, thus generating a fruitful crop of disease.

We shall have to consider in a subsequent part of this Report, whether the objects sought

or to obtained by the possession of Hong Kong are worth the dreadful sacrifice of life which the maintenance of the present establishments entail.

Population and Progress.-Hong Kong was "ceded to the British Crown under the seal of the Imperial Minister and High Commissioner Keshen," in January 1841.-See Captain Elliot's proclamation, dated Hong Kong, 29th January 1841, promising "full security and protection to all British subjects and foreigners, residing in or resorting to the island, so long as they shall continue to conform to the authority of H. M. Govern- ment, hereby duly constituted and proclaimed in and over Hong Kong," &c. By the same proclamation natives of China were invited to settle in the island by promising them that they should be "governed according to the laws and customs of China, every descrip- tion of torture excepted." And by another proclamation, dated IIong Kong, 1841, issued by Sir Gordon Bremer, Commander-in-chief, and Captain Elliot, H. M. Plenipotentiary, it is declared, that "the island of Hong Kong has now become a part of the dominions of the Queen of England by clear public agreement between the high officer of the Celestial and British Courts, and the Chinese are hereby promised protection in Her Majesty's gracious name against all enemies whatever; and they are further secured in the free exercise of their religious rites, ceremonies, and social customs, and in the enjoyment of their lawful private property and interests." Chinese ships and merchants resorting to the port of Hong Kong for purposes of trade are exempt, in the name of the Queen of England, from charge or duty of any kind to the British Government. The remainder of the pro- clamation consists of further inducements for the Chinese to settle in and trade with Hong Kong. A form of Government was organized; a chief magistrate, and a harbour master, &c. were appointed; 50 lots of land were sold, in June 1841, to Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co., Dent & Co., MacVicar & Co., Fox, Rawson & Co., Turner & Co., Lindsay & Co., and various other persons, the annual rental of which amounted to 3,224/ Each lot was required to have a building erected within six months, of the appraised value of 1,000 dollars; and a deposit of 500 dollars was required to be lodged with the treasurer as a security for the performance of this engagement. Building commenced with great spirit; the Government spent very large sums of money on the island, and the harbour was filled with ships of war and transports. The island has now had a fair trial of more than 3 years; we shall inquire what progress it has made in population,

On taking possession of Hong Kong it was found to contain about 7,500 inhabitants, scattered over 20 fishing hamlets and villages. The requirements of the fleet and troops, the demands for labourers to make roads and houses, and the servants of Europeans, increased the number of inhabitants, and in March 1842 they were numbered at 12,361. In April 1844 the number of Chinese on the island is computed at 19,000; of whom not more than 1,000 are women and children. In the census are included 97 women, slaves, and the females attendant on 31 brothels, eight gaming houses, and 20 opium shops, &c. It is

literally

Board

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Appendix.

Report on the

Island of Hong Kong.

[ 16 ]

literally true that after 3 years' uninterrupted settlement, there is not one respectable Chinese inhabitant on the island. One man of reputed wealth, named Chinam, who had been engaged in the opium trade, came to Hong Kong, built a good house and freighted a ship. He soon returned to Canton, and died there of a fever and cold, contracted at Hong Kong. It was understood, however, that had he lived he would have been prohibited returning to Hong Kong, the policy of the mandarins on the adjacent coast being to pre- vent all respectable Chinese from settling at Hong Kong, and in consequence of the hold which they possess on their families and relatives, this can be done most effectually; at the same time I believe that they encourage and promote the deportation of every thief, pirate, and idle or worthless vagabond from the main land to Hong Kong.

"It

The Rev. Dr. Gutzlaff, who has been engaged in making the recent census appended to this Report, referring to the fishermen, who formed the greater part of the population of the island on our arrival, says "They are a roving set of beings, floating on the wide face of the ocean with their families, and committing depredations whenever it can be done with impunity." "The stone-cutters have been working here for many years before our arrival the majority of these men are unprincipled. They cannot be considered as domesticated, and are in the habit of going and coming, according to the state of trade." "The most numerous class who have since our arrival fixed themselves on the island, are from Whampoa; many of them are of the worst character, and ready to commit any atrocity." The capital of the shopkeepers is very small; the most of them live from hand to mouth, and lead a life of expedients without principle and self control." is very natural that depraved, idle, and bad characters from the adjacent main and islands. should flock to the colony where some money can be made." Dr. Gutzlaff, whose pre- possessions are strongly in favour of the Chinese, concludes this portion of the memoran- dum with which he has favoured me, as follows: "The moral standard of the people con- gregated in this place (Hong Kong) is of the lowest description." This observation is fully borne out by the numerous murders, piracies, burglaries, and robberies of every description which have taken place during the last three years, and with almost perfect impunity; for the Chinese are formed into secret societies for the mutual protection of villains, and no man dare inform against another. At this moment (July 1844) the Euro- pean inhabitants are obliged to sleep with loaded pistols under their pillows, frequently to turn out of their beds at midnight to protect their lives and property from gangs of armed robbers, who are ready to sacrifice a few of their number if they can obtain a large plunder.

This state of things was long ago predicted. In the Canton Register of 23d February 1841 it was stated, "Hong Kong will be the resort aud rendezvous of all the Chinese smugglers; opium smoking shops and gambling houses will soon spread; to those haunts. will flock all the discontented and bad spirits of the empire; the island will be surrounded by Shameens,' and become a Gehenna of the waters.' Three years have completely ful- filled this prediction, and neither time nor circumstances will now ever alter the character of the place. No Chinese of the humbler class will ever bring their wives and children to the colony. He must be sanguinely visionary who expects that Hong Kong will ever contain a numerous and respectable Chinese population. And, as regards the present inhabitants, (if a migratory race who are constantly changing deserve that epithet), their diminution. by one-half would be satisfactory, for then a control by registration might be exercised, and life and property be rendered in some degree secure. The daring character of the population and its worthlessness for all useful civil purposes in the formation of a colony, will be seen in the following incident.

On 27th September 1843, the Honourable Major Caine, the chief magistrate, issued a proclamation for pulling down some mat sheds which harboured a gang of ruffians who were nightly engaged in plundering the town. In the beginning of October 1843, the Chinese robbers posted a counter proclamation on the gate of No. 1 Market-place, in the chief thoroughfare, declaring that if they left the island themselves they would " compel others to do so, taking with them their merchandize and property, and warning people to be cautious how they ventured out after dark, lest they meet with some unexpected harm." At the same time the Government coal depôts were set on fire; the mat barracks of the 41st Regiment, and the Market-place No. 1, were attempted to be burned; and at noon a num- ber of Chinamen, armed with knives, entered the market, threatened all around, wounded European policeman, and then walked away unmolested. The number of prisoners in the gaol of Hong Kong averaged, during 1843-44, from 60 to 90 a month; nearly every prisoner was Chinese, and the crimes with which they were charged were invariably piracy, murder, burglary, robbery, &c. There has been no diminution of crime; the number of prisoners in the jail have increased, and the nightly robberies are as frequent, if not more so, than they were three years ago. The shopkeepers do not remain more than a few months on the island, when another set takes their place. There is, in fact, a continual shifting of a Bedouin sort of population, whose migratory, predatory, gambling, and disso- lute habits utterly unfit them for continuous industry, and render them not only useless, but highly injurious subjects in the attempt to form a new colony,

There cannot be said to be any other coloured race in the colony; a few Lascars seek employment in ships. The European inhabitants, independent of those in the employ of government, consist of the members of about 12 mercantile houses and their clerks, together with several European shopkeepers. A few persons have arrived here from New

South

[ 17 ]

South Wales, to try and better their fortune, many of whom would be glad to return thither.

449

Appendix,

Report on the

The principal mercantile firms are those engaged in the opium trade, who have removed Island of Hong thither from Macao, as a safer position for an opium depôt, and which they frankly admit Kong.

is the only trade Hong Kong will ever possess. The opium belonging to the two principal firms is not, however, lodged on shore, it is kept in receiving ships, the "Hormanjee Bomanjee," belonging to Jardine, Matheson & Co., and the "John Barry," belonging to Dent & Co. Even the money in use by those firms is not entrusted on shore, but is kept in the receiving ships. These firms, and the three or four others partially engaged in the opium trade, carry on this business in Hong Kong. The tea trade is carried on distinctly at Canton, by members of the firms resident there. Excepting the six firms engaged in the opium trade, the other six houses are small, and are principally agents for manufacturers, &c. in Great Britain. The expense of establishments, the high rate of interest of money, and the want of trade, will, it is said, probably ere long compel the removal or breaking-up of several of the small houses. There is scarcely a firm in the island but would, I understand, be glad to get back half the money they have expended in the colony, and retire from the place. A sort of hallucination seems to have seized those who built houses here; they thought that Hong Kong would "rapidly out-rival Singapore, and become the Tyre or Carthage of the Eastern hemisphere.' Three years' residence, and the experience thence derived, have materially sobered some of their views. Unfortunately the government of the colony fostered the delusion respecting the colony. The leading government officers bought land, built houses or bazaars, which they rented out at high rates, and the public money was lavished in the most extraordinary manner, building up and pulling down temporary structures, making zig-zag bridle paths over hills and mountains, and forming the Queen's- road of three to four miles long, on which about 180,000 dollars have been expended, but which is not passable for half the year. The straggling settlement called Victoria, built along the Queen's-road, was dignified with the name of city, and it was declared on the highest authority that Hong Kong would contain a population " equal to that of ancient Rome."

The Surveyor-general, in an official report to Sir Henry Pottinger, of 22 pages, dated 6 July 1843, proposed building an entirely new town or city, in the Woonichung Valley (which may be aptly called the valley of death), with a grand canal and many branch canals, &c. &c.; two ranges of terraces of houses, &c. &c.; courts of law and various other offices; acclimating barracks; additions to the present government house, for the secretaries and personal staff of the Governor, isolated from all other buildings; a space of land to be reclaimed from the sea for a public landing place, with an esplanade or public walk; a magnificent promenade of four miles to be made on ground now covered by the sea, which was to be excluded by a sea wall, at a cost of 35 dollars per lineal yard, exclusive of filling in, &c.; a circular road over hills and ravines, round the entire island, &c. &c., adapted for carriages, and for moving troops with speed and facility to any part of the island where they may happen to be required for the protection of the different villages. (These villages, be it remembered, containing nothing but a few hundreds of a thieving, piratical population.) I refer to the Government archives for full details of these and other most ridiculous projects, involving a vast expenditure of public money, which none but the wildest theorists or self-interested persons could have projected or entertained.

On 17th December 1843, the Surveyor-general laid before Sir H. Pottinger the elevation of a building for a government office, &c. with a front of 360 feet in length, by 50 feet in depth, and which would probably cost 30,000l. sterling. There seemed to be the greatest possible desire to spend a large part of the Chinese indemnity money on this wretched, barren, unhealthy, and useless rock, which the whole wealth, energy, and talent of England would never render habitable, or creditable as a colony to the British name.

In illustration of the mode in which the public money was proposed to be spent, I give the following, which is a portion of the estimate of public works in Hong Kong, for 1844, and which Sir H. Pottinger transmitted to England for approval:

Completion of Queen's-road from West Point to the east side of Wong-

nichung Valley

Ditto, to godowns of Jardine & Co.

New street formation in Victoria

Sewers in Victoria

Value of houses to be removed from Upper Bazaar and other places Drainage of Woonichung Valley

Bridle path to Saiwan

New church

Government house, with suitable office, &c.

House for Judge

Ditto, for Advocate-general

28,000 dollars.

15,000

35,000 "

100,000

25,000

7,000

3,000

35,000 }}

70,000 JJ

24,000

20,000

House

Board

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1.E

[ 18

18 ]

Appendix.

House for Queen's Solicitor-general

Report on the

Ditto, for Colonial Secretary

Island of Hong Kong.

Ditto, for Chief Magistrate.

Ditto, for Treasurer

Ditto, for Land Officer

Ditto, for Clerk of Colonial Council

Ditto, for Colonial Surgeon

Ditto, for Chaplain

20,000 dollars.

20,000

}}

18,000

16,000

Range of building for Advocate-general, Queen's Solicitor, &c. &c.

100,000

声频

45,000

>>3

20,000

15,000

10,000

4,000

Prison, with house for gaoler, Hong Kong

Debtors' gaol, Hong Kong

House of correction, Hong Kong

Two police stations north side of island.

Two smaller ditto

Police station at Chuck Choo

Ditto

at Saiwan

Ditto

at Pok-foolum

Keeping in repair Chuck Choo road

Contingencies of 5 per cent.

Consulate at Canton

Land-office, Victoria, Į

10 February 1844.

8,000

3,000 *

3,000

}}

1,500

715,500

35,775

751,275

45,000

Total

- $796,275

A. F. Gordon,

Land Officer.

This is but a small portion of the contemplated expenditure; it does not include the for- mation of streets and roads in Hong Kong, which (on account of the mountainous nature of the island) would cost about 100,000 7. sterling. It does not include barracks, stores, forts, arsenals, dockyards, wharfs, &c. all projected, and which would cost several millions. sterling before they would be completed.

It is unnecessary to pursue this branch of the subject further; sufficient has been said to show the absurd and ruinous projects which were entertained, and the utter failure of the colony in regard to the nature and extent of its population. Notwithstanding the large sums of money expended, the Governor is now obliged to hire a residence which belongs to the late deputy governor, Mr. Johnston. The government offices are in a temporary building, which is falling to pieces. The General commanding has hired an inn for his resi dence. There is only one small barrack in Victoria, and that has been recently erected it is not possible to rent a decent house under 150 to 180 dollars a month, about 4007. sterling per annum. The church service is conducted in a mat shed; the civil and military officers are glad to get a location, or even a room, in any spot, on any terms; and the prices of living and of servants, &c. (see Documentary Appendix) are enormous, while the whole population of the island is entirely dependent for its daily supply of food on the Emperor of China's subjects on the mainland of China.

;

Commerce.-There is no trade of any noticeable extent in Hong Kong. Vessels occasion- ally touch here on their way to Canton, or on their return from thence when laden and about to proceed to Europe for orders. Vessels also proceeding to or coming from the ports to the northward sometimes touch here for instructions from the owners or consignees, but very few break bulk at Hong Kong. There is a considerable business done in opium. Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co. have a large opium receiving ship, the "Homanjee Bomanjee," moored the whole year round in this harbour; Messrs. Dent & Co. have also a large vessel, the "John Barry," for a similar purpose. These receiving ships contain the opium brought from India, whence it is transhipped to smaller vessels and sent up the coast. Messrs. M'Vicar, Burn & Co.; Fox, Rawson & Co., and a few smaller houses, also deal to the extent of their means in the opium trade, which requires a large ready money capital. The

smaller

[ 19 ]

smaller houses, who have no vessels of their own, consign opium to agents at the consular

450

Appendix.

ports, but it is kept on board the receiving ships, moored off or near those ports, until the agents sell the opium to some Chinese broker, at Shanghai, for instance, who then receives Report on the an order for the delivery of the opium from the receiving ship at Woosung. There are no Island of Hong native trading junks here from the coast of China; there are none belonging to the port, Kong. and a few fishing and passage boats, which form a safe asylum for Ladrones and vagabonds of every description, constitute the native craft of Hong Kong. Even if the natural impediments did not exist to the establishment of a native coasting trade, the articles 13, 14, and 16, in the Supplemental Treaty, would effectually prevent any Chinese junks resorting to Hong Kong. Not only are the junks prevented proceeding thither from any places but the five consular ports, but they must also obtain special passports for a voyage to Hong Kong, and when arrived there the British Government are to act the part of spies for the Chinese government, and to report every vessel, the name of her proprietor, the nature of her cargo, &c., to the authorities at Canton.

It is now well understood what was the object of these clauses; no passes will be readily granted, and junks that might proceed to Hong Kong would probably be punished by the Chinese authorities, who are exceedingly jealous that anything should occur for the advan- tage of Hong Kong. These and other circumstances, together with the fear of pirates, the want of a Chinese commercial community, the dearness of provisions, and the absence or high price of any trading commodities, will be sufficient to prevent any coasting trade at Hong Kong.

Dr. Gutzlaff, whose knowledge of the Chinese character and proceedings is certainly unsurpassed, says, "So long as the trade is maintained in the respective ports on an ex- cellent footing, no vessels will visit this colony to buy articles at the same price which they can more easily get nearer to them, nor will they bring goods to Hong Kong for which there is an advantageous market in their own neighbourhood. When ships find it more profitable to proceed direct to the northern ports, the chances of Hong Kong becoming an emporium are very trifling. Whatever native or foreign trade will be carried on here must be brought to the colony by adventitious circumstances, and will last or cease according to accident; for notwitstanding the excellent harbour, Hong Kong has nothing in its position or relationship to the other ports to concentrate commerce."

Since August 1841, Sir H. Pottinger has been issuing proclamations and regulations respecting commerce and shipping for their encouragement and protection. No duties of any kind whatever have been levied, no inquiries have been made as to the cargoes of vessels; ships might enter and depart at pleasure; but all in vain, commerce cannot be created where no materials for it exist.

The table in the Documentary Appendix shows the shipping which entered the harbour of Hong Kong for three years. It consisted principally of transports conveying troops, and vessels calling for orders or seeking freights. Ample trial has been given the place without any satisfactory result. Nearly four years' residence on, or occupation of the island, and an immense expenditure, has failed to produce any commercial operation. Every month the shipping entering the harbour are diminishing in number, and the imposition of a tonnage duty would, it is said, cause a still further decrease.

There does not appear the slightest probability that under any circumstances Hong Kong will ever become a place of trade. The island produces nothing whatever; its geographical position, either as regards the Chinese coast generally, or Canton in particular, is bad. For the trade of the coast of China it is too far to the southward of a territory which extends upwards of 2,000 miles, and if it were practicable to remove the foreign trade of Canton, the removal would be either to some of the open ports to the northward, in the neighbour- hood of the tea districts, or to some island or place in the Canton River. Among other delusions that have been promulgated, is the allegation that Hong Kong is a protection to the British commerce at Canton, and especially to the tea trade. With reference to the latter, it should be remembered that the Chinese are as eager to sell us tea as we are to buy it; that the cessation of the trade would be a greater injury to them than to the British nation; that there was no difficulty in procuring tea during the war; that nothing would prevent the Chinese supplying our annual demand for tea, and, of course, receiving in return English manufactures. The tea trade is in fact as independent of Hong Kong as it would be of our occupation of the Sandwich Islands. Canton, however, has no intrinsic advantages to make it the seat of foreign commerce. So long as the Emperor restricted all foreigners to the most distant southerly port in the empire, tea, silk, or any other exportable produce was obliged to be conveyed thither, however distant the place of production or manufacture; but the case is now totally different, when the northern ports in the inme- diate vicinity of the tea and silk provinces are equally with Canton open to British com- merce. Several vessels have already laden with tea for England in the northern ports; this may be increased, and the trade of Canton would then be proportionably diminished, thus rendering Hong Kong, (admitting for the sake of argument its reputed value as a protec- tion to the trade of Canton) every year less and less useful to British interests in China. It is for the advantage of England that our trade with China be carried on with the northern ports. In the central districts of China, along the Yang-ze-kang and other great rivers and canals, the people are more civilized, more wealthy, and, now that they are becoming acquainted with the English, more disposed to friendly and commercial inter- course. By purchasing tea and silk near the place of production, the charges of land- carriage,

蓑

[ 20 ]

451

.....

Board

Trad

EME

Appendix,

Report on the

Island of Hong Kong.

carriage, fees, &c., will be reduced, and the cost price thus lessened by one-third to the British consumer; on the other hand the Chinese will be able to purchase at a cheaper. rate British manufactures, when they are brought by our vessels to their doors. These and other considerations render it a matter of national importance that our trade with China be diffused over several ports, instead of being confined to Canton, and indicate that it is not desirable that Hong Kong be maintained, even if the assertion be true, as a protec- tion to the trade of Canton.

There are now five ports open on the coast of China to all European, East Indian, and American vessels. There can be no reason why foreign vessels should discharge cargo at Hong Kong, merely to change cargoes from one vessel to another; and as the Chinese government now, I believe, allows a vessel to sell part of her cargo at one port, and then proceed to another, and will probably ere long form bonded warehouses at each port, there will be still less probability of any trade being established here. It is indeed a delusion or a deception to talk of Hong Kong becoming a commercial emporium, and to liken it to Singapore. The circumstances and position of Hong Kong and Singapore present no resemblance whatever. Hong Kong is a barren rock, producing nothing, not leading to any place, surrounded by no trading or populous communities with various commodities for barter, and disadvantageously situated at the most impoverished part of a coast line of 2,000 miles, and which for half the year is only readily accessible in one direction.

Singapore is most advantageously placed at the southern point of the rich Malayan Peninsula, and at the entrance of the Straits of Malacca, which may be considered the high road between Eastern and Western Asia. It is surrounded by, or lies contiguous to, the most fertile, wealthy, and populous islands and countries in the world. Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Celebes, Macassar, Penang, Siam, Cochin-China, Tonquin, Birmah, &c. The harbour of Singapore is capacious, perfectly sheltered, easy of access from every point of the compass, and never experiencing a tempest. The climate is very salubrious. The island is of great beauty and fertility, with an undulating surface, an area of 120,000 acres, all capable of tillage, and of which 20,000 acres are now under the luxuriant and profitable cultivation of sugar cane, nutmegs, pepper, rice, beetle nut, gambier, cocoa nuts, &c. The sugar made by Mr. Ballastier with a steam engine, or by Mr. Montgomerie by water and cattle mills, is equal in quality to the produce of the West Indies; the nutmeg trees are already yielding abundantly; the black pepper produced during the past year amounted to 38,000 piculs (a picul 133 lbs.), the gambier to 85,000 piculs, and there are 100,000 cocoa-nut trees in full bearing. Live stock, bread, water, and delicious fruit and vege- tables of every kind, and at moderate prices, are at all times ready for the shipping, who enjoy the advantage of a perfectly free port; 86 miles of excellent roads have been completed, and extensive communications are in progress; land is being sold in fee simple at a minimum and maximum price of five to ten rupees, or 10 s. to 20s. per acre; 50,000 industrious and skilful inhabitants are spreading cultivation in every direction; four com- panies of Sepoys constitute the sole military force of the island, which has not even a fort for its defence; the revenue in 1842 amounted to rupees 509,087, and the disburse- ments (including rupees 165,955 for troops, and rupees 49,789 for Bengal and Madias convicts) to rupees 494,029, leaving a surplus of income to the extent of rupees 15,083, and under the able management of the present Governor, Colonel Butterworth, it is one of the most lucrative possessions of the British Crown.

The remarkably eligible position of Singapore for a commercial emporium led to its establishment as a British colony by Sir Stamford Raffles in 1819, when there were but a few Malay fishermen on the island, who disputed with the tiger for their occupancy. In 1812 the trade of the colony amounted to 1,000,000 /. sterling, in 1824 to 3,000,000l. sterling, and last year, and indeed for several years, the commerce of the island has averaged 5,600,000 7. sterling per annum.

This trade is carried on with many countries: with Great Britain, to the extent of $3,000,000; with Calcutta, $2,800,000; with Java, $1,500,000; with foreign Europe, North and South America, Madras, Bombay, Arabia, Ceylon, Penang, Malacca, Birmah, Siam, Cochin-China, Manilla, Hainan, Formosa, and the whole coast of China; with Sumatra, Borneo, Rhio, the Moluccas, Mauritius, Australasia, &c. Traders from all these places meet by common consent at a central mart close to the Equator, and exchange the productions of Asia for those of Europe and America. It is erroneously supposed that Singapore has been created by its trade with China; such is not the fact. The total import tonnage of Singapore in 1838-39, in square-rigged vessels, was 178,796 tons, of which that from China was 32,860. The native tonnage for the same year was 48,000, of which the Chinese vessels constituted 8,000 tons.

The "Straits produce," which the Chinese require, are brought to Singapore by Malay and other coasting craft who would not proceed to the northward; and the proprietors of the Chinese junks, with whom time is no object, and who go down the coast to the Eastern Archipelago with one monsoon and return with the other, prefer the speculation with their varied cargoes, and the visiting of their countrymen at the different islands.

But sufficient has been stated to show that there is no analogy whatever between Hong Kong and Singapore, and that the geographical, territorial, and commercial advantages which have contributed to the prosperity of Singapore, are totally and entirely wanting, and can never be created at Hong Kong.

Financial

[ 21 ]

Financial Point of View.-There is no apparent prospect of Hong Kong ever yielding

Appendix.

any revenue adequate to more that a very small civil government. The limited size and rocky nature of the island, the absence of agriculture, manufactures, or commerce, and the Report on the fluctuating and predatory character of the population, forbid the hope of an income being Island of Hong raised to sustain a regular Government establishment, on the scale now adopted, and which Kong. indeed is far beyond the present or prospective wants of the island community. Under the most favourable circumstances there may possibly, some years hence, be obtained from the rent of building land from 5,000 l. to 7,000 7. per annum; the markets, licences, fines, and fees of every description, may realize hereafter about 1,000l. per annum. The levy of a tonnage duty would not yield more than 500l. to 1,000 7. per annum, if it did not drive away the few ships that now enter the harbour; it is not probable that vessels would pay 6 d. per ton merely to call for orders, when then they can lie in Macao roads and daily communicate with Hong Kong. A registration or licence for each male Chinese resident on the island might, if there were a more respectable class of inhabitants in the colony, produce 600 7. to 1,000l. a year. Neither auction duties, stamps, or any of the other ordi- nary sources of taxation, would under present circumstances yield any revenue worth consideration.

The idea that the Chinese government will sanction the introduction of opium into China at a moderate fixed duty, and that a large revenue may then be raised by ware- housing the drug at Hong Kong, must, I think, be abandoned as illusory. The legal ad- mission of opium into China by the Emperor, according to the best information I can obtain, is not at all probable; but even were the traffic in opium legalized, the traders have declared they would not pay any duty in Hong Kong. They can keep their large receiving ships the whole year round in Hong Kong or in any other harbours, or tranship the opium from the vessels which convey the drug from Bengal and Bombay to this place, on board the smaller vessels, which proceed along the coast to sell, or deposit it at Whampoa, Namoa, Amoy, Chimmo, Chin-Chu, Chusan, or Woosung, in the receiving ships which lie in these bays or stations the whole year round. I will not discuss the question of raising a revenue in Hong Kong from the introduction of opium for smoking in the island, either by farming out the drug or otherwise. Independent of the morality or immorality of the question of Government deriving an income from a vicious indulgence, so long as the Chinese government prohibit the introduction and make the use of opium a capital offence, it would not, to say the least, be seemly of us to encourage the use of this destructive and poisonous stimulant in Hong Kong.

The total revenue to be expected from this colony cannot in my opinion exceed 10,000 l. per annum, and to obtain this amount several years must elapse under the most favourable circumstances. The per-contra side shows an expenditure at this moment for mere civil establishment salaries and wages at the rate of 50,000 7. per annum, irrespective of the cost of any public works, roads, and buildings, which is estimated at 50,000 7. per annum for several years, independent also of the consular charges of 30,000 7. per annum, and of the army and navy; the whole showing a yearly drain on the British Exchequer of half a million pounds sterling. (See Documentary Appendix.) And here it may be necessary to remove an erroneous assertion that this heavy yearly charge is only a portion of the revenue which England derives from the China trade.

The revenue which is obtained from tea is paid by the people of England, who buy and consume the tea. It might as well be said that the West Indies furnished the revenue derived by the British Exchequer from the coffee and sugar consumed in the United King- dom. The incidence of taxation is on the last purchaser of the taxed article; the tea merchant in London adds to the invoice cost of the tea bought at Canton, the freight to England, the insurance, interest of money, warehousing, customs duty levied in England, and the fair profits of trade on every chest of tea he may sell to the grocer, who then regu- lates the price at which he can afford to sell a pound of tea to his customer, who finally pays the whole charges, taxes, and profits to the several parties before he drinks his tea, The revenue derived from the China trade is paid by the people of England; the merchant who carries on the trade does not pay one shilling of it.

It will be for Her Majesty's Ministers to decide whether, on a review of the whole case, there be any justification for spending half a million sterling annually on this coast. Com- modore Chads, C. B., who has had extensive experience for many years in China, is of opinion that England would be wise in not establishing any colony in China.

As a general principle, colonies that will not pay at least the expense of their civil govern- ment are not worth maintaining. There does not appear any reason why Hong Kong should be an exception to this rule. There is not, as has been fancifully supposed, any analogy whatever between Hong Kong and Gibraltar. Hong Kong commands nothing; a glance at a chart will show that the navigation of the China seas is perfectly indepen- dent of Hong Kong; nay, even the entrance of the Canton river is not controlled by Hong Kong; it is not possible by any outlay of money to make the island a fortress, and it is commanded by the opposite shore of the main land. But supposing several millions sterling were spent in fortifying Hong Kong, and half a million were annually expended for its garrison, the cui bono would constantly recur. From a Chinese enemy the island has nothing to apprehend even at present; no European or American state would think

452

Appendix.

Report on the Island of Hong Kong.

[ 22 ]

of capturing Hong Kong, for it would be valueless to them; and if mere glory were sought by the acquisition, they must be aware the fame would be of short continuance, as troops and ships from India, from Australia, and from all our stations eastward of the Cape of Good Hope, would soon recapture the place or starve out the garrison.

But Gibraltar is differently circumstanced; it effectually commands the narrow entrance to the Mediterranean, and, together with the fortresses and havens of Malta and Corfu, gives England a preponderating power in that great European sea, which is becoming daily of more and more value in her intercourse with the Anglo-Eastern empire. Moreover, Gibraltar is a valuable commercial entrepôt; at one period 1,000,0007. sterling of cotton goods were exported through Gibraltar into Spain.

As a fortress, Gibraltar is perfect; it is impregnable. The revenue of Gibraltar is fully adequate to its civil government, and averages upwards of 30,000 7. per annum; the mili- tary expenses incurred by garrisoning Gibraltar saves the constant maintenance of a large fleet in the Mediterranean, preserves the balance of power, and materially helps to keep the peace of Europe. The remarks applicable to Gibraltar are also applicable to Malta and the Ionian Islands, both of which stations not only pay their whole civil expenditure, with- out one shilling charge on the British Exchequer, but also contribute a considerable sum annually towards military defences and protection. Both of these places are also entrepôts of a large trade. Every colony of the British empire pays for its own civil government, except small sums which are voted annually in part aid for the Bahamas, Bermuda, the Falkland Islands, St. Helena, and Heligoland; but all these places are intrin- sically valuable: the Bahamas for the geographical position of their harbours; Bermuda as a strong fortress and dockyard in the Western Atlantic; the Falkland Islands for their important position and fisheries in the Great Southern Ocean, near Cape Horn; St. Helena as a strong fortress and recruiting station for our numerous ships doubling the Cape of Good Hope in their voyages to and from India, China, and Australasia; and in the event of war the possession of St. Helena would be of great value to our merchants, and save us a large fleet in the Atlantic. Heligoland, during the late European war, was a large com- mercial depôt for the Elbe and the northern parts of Europe. Its expense is only about 500l. a year. Numerous as are the colonies of the British empire, they are each of some utility to England; for their territorial extent as emigration fields to provide employment for a surplus population; for their productions of sugar, coffee, corn, cotton, silk, indigo, timber, oil, wool, &c.; as maritime positions or military posts; as trading emporiums or fishing stations. I have in vain sought one valuable quality in Hong Kong, for there are other good harbours around, and for 200 years we have not found the want of such. I can see no justification for the British Government spending one shilling on Hong Kong.

Religious and Social Influence.-The benefits derivable from our laws, institutions, and religion can never be conferred on the Chinese by our colonization of Hong Kong.

We are here, in fact, almost as much isolated from China, its people, and supreme go- vernment, as if we were located in the Eastern Archipelago. By the adroit policy adopted by the Chinese authorities, a "cordon sanitaire," if I may so express it, has been drawn around Hong Kong; no Chinaman is permitted to come here willingly, except he be a thief, a pirate, or a spy. No respectable Chinese, with their families, locate themselves in Hong Kong; if they did, their relations still remaining on the main land would probably be "squeezed," imprisoned, tortured, and considered as traitors to the Celestial Empire.

Hong Kong is viewed by the Chinese as a spot where adventurers and reckless characters. may make something out of the English, and where burglars and robbers may resort with impunity, and live upon the profits of their villainy.

I am strongly of opinion, from circumstances that have come to my knowledge, that the mandarins view with indulgence all vagabonds who propose to quit their own country and proceed to Hong Kong; that in fact direct encouragement is afforded them to do so; it is therefore the height of improbability to suppose that the possession of Hong Kong will ever enable us to disseminate our religion, language, and institutions in the Chinese empire. For 200 years we have had extensive and profitable intercourse with Canton, without our missionaries and other good men ever producing the slightest effect on the people or go- vernment. The inhabitants of the southern districts are decidedly hostile to us, and are daily becoming more and more filled with a deadly animosity, which the possession of Hong Kong will not remove. No converts are made by our missionaries on this island, but were such the case no converts from Hong Kong would be favourably viewed by the respectable Chinese on the main land. The Christian converts would be considered as coming from an island of thieves and pirates; they would be received with a suspicion which would check rather than advance the progress of Christianity. The missionaries with whom I have conversed take this view of the subject; they consider it hopeless to attempt the spread of Christian doctrines in China by means of converts from Hong Kong. Thus, in a religious aspect, Hong Kong is as valueless as it is on financial and commercial grounds.

Were our colonial authority and establishment at some island or position to the north, near the central regions of China, we should most probably obtain considerable moral

influence

[ 23 ]

influence over an intelligent and respectable class of Chinese, who would communicate

Appendix.

their favourable ideas to other and distant parts of the empire, and by extending a know- ledge of our language pave the way for the introduction of Christianity. An English city Report on the

at Chusan, for example, surrounded by an extensive agricultural population (the best dis- Island of Hong posed and most orderly in China, as well as elsewhere), and evincing all the benefits of the Kong. science and skill of Europe, would have a remarkable effect on the Chinese, whose inqui- sitiveness and imitative powers would soon induce them to copy those things which would conduce to their physical, and ultimately to their moral and religious improvement.

In a Political Point of View.-Hong Kong was occupied by our troops and merchants in 1840-41, at a period when our trade was driven from Canton; when we were in hostility to the Chinese government, and when the Portuguese authorities at Macao had expressed their inability to permit, as usual, British residence and resort to that port. At this period the views of Captain Elliot were solely directed toward Canton. Hong Kong was then deemed the most eligible spot for British occupation, on political and military grounds; and so it proved, as long as the operations were being directed against Canton and we were excluded from China; but on our proceeding to the north, occupying Chusan, and ultimately making peace, and opening five ports, including Canton, for free commercial resort, English residence, and the establishment of a ship of war at each, the political and mercantile value of Hong Kong entirely ceased. The late war has shown us the vulner- able point of China, namely, the Yang-tze-kang river, which is aptly denominated by the Chinese, "the Girdle of the Empire." In the event of any future hostilities our force would be directed at once towards Nankin, and other places on the Yang-tze-Kang river, and not against Canton. It is by interrupting the supplies of grain and salt to Pekin, and cutting off the trade of the great artery, or grand canal, that we can with the least expendi- ture of blood or treasure terminate hostilities with China.

To accomplish this most desirable result Hong Kong is utterly valueless. Our position must be Chusan, from its contiguity to the scene of war, from its comparative salubrity, safe haven, and capability of supplying provisions, both from the resources of the island itself, and from the contiguous coasts. A fleet of ships of war and transports may rendez- vous at Chusan, and select at will the most fitting period of the year for offensive opera- tions. No attack need be apprehended from the Chinese. Coal is abundant in the Yang- tze-kang, for the use of steamers. Ships from Singapore and the southward can now, by reason of a greater knowledge of the winds and currents, reach Chusan, even against the Monsoon, in nearly the same time they would occupy in reaching Hong Kong; and finally the Chinese government, aware of our position, would be the less disposed to break the peace, and would cease to rely so much as they now do on the strength of the forts in the Canton river. The policy of the Chinese government is to keep foreigners at the extremity of the empire; but the sagacious reasons which dictate this policy ought to render us the more anxious to operate in a counter direction. There are now seven fortifications, very strong, and apparently well provided with artillery, at the Bogue. With Chinese gunners these forts would prove, even at present, formidable to an invading force; but well manned by European or American artillerymen, the Bogue might be made almost as impregnable as the Dardanelles.

On a review of the whole case, there are no assignable grounds for the political or military occupancy of Hong Kong, even if there were no expense attending that occupancy. The government of China is sufficiently civilized to respect the persons and property of British subjects at Canton, before any declaration of war took place, which, however, is an event of very remote probability for many years to come, if we retain Chusan; and as the treaty with China provides for the stationing of a ship of war at Wampoa or Canton, a better security is thus provided for any British residents at Canton than Hong Kong could afford. The climate of Hong Kong will not admit of the island being made a garrison for our troops; and in the event of another war with China, an invading army must proceed from India, unless we keep a small military and naval establishment at Chusan but a very small effective force can be maintained here, unless at an enormous expense; and the impracticability of fortifying an island which is commanded by the hills around, and by any large battery erected on the opposite shore, is now generally acknowledged, and is in further corroboration of the inutility of Hong Kong.

;

On a review of the whole question, and examining the island in all respects, making every allowance for the newness of the settlement, and admitting, for argument sake, that ultimately there may be some trade at Hong Kong, it appears to me very advisable, if Hong Kong be retained as a British station or colony, that the civil establishment of the colony be cut down to a scale commensurate with the resources and wants of the island; and that the supernumerary officers be provided for in other colonies, as vacancies occur; that the European and Sepoy troops be removed, and a portion of the first Ceylon regiment (Malays) be kept at Hong Kong, in aid of the civil power; that a frigate or sloop of war be always stationed in the harbour, with an extra complement of marines, to be landed only in case of emergency; that the British, and other respectable inhabitants who are house- holders, be formed into a municipal body, with power to assess themselves for the police, lighting, drainage, and street-making, &c. of Victoria; that the harbour be a free port,

open

孟

Bot

453

Appendix.

Report on the Island of Hong Kong.

Dissent in Council

against Opium

Ordinance.

Translation of a

Grant or Treaty of Privileges.

[ 24 ]

open to ships under every flag; and that encouragement be given for the resort to and settlement on the island of other European nations. If this be done, a few years will determine whether it be possible to create any trade, or induce any resort to Hong Kong. Large Government establishments, and an immense outlay of the public money for the last three years have produced no beneficial result; but the opium traders, and those who choose to resort thither, have a voice in the management of the affairs of the colony. There can scarcely be less general trade, less prosperity, less security to life and property, than now exists, with a large garrison on shore and a fleet in the harbour.

If there were any one advantage, political, commercial, financial, or religious, present or prospective, derivable to England from the existing establishments at Hong Kong, there would be some justification for the expense now being incurred, and for the great annual sacrifices of life; but when such advantages do not exist, it is worse than folly to persist in a course begun in error, and which, if continued, must eventually end in national loss and general disappointment.

Hong Kong, July 1844.

(2.)

R. M. Martin.

DISSENTIENT on the Proposition for Licensing the Retail and Consumption of OPIUM in this Colony, on the following grounds :-

Ist. Because the consumption of opium is not necessary to the subsistence and health of man, and is therefore a vicious indulgence.

2d. Because the use of opium is not only a vice in itself, but the parent of many other vices; and whoever indulges in opium never ceases its use until poverty and death

ensue.

3d. Because it is no justification to say, that as gin, beer, wine, and other fermented liquors are stimulants, attended with pernicious consequences when used continuously in excess, that therefore the use of opium may also be licensed by Government. The expe- rience of civilized nations has shown that fermented liquors are advantageous to the health- ful energy of man; but no experience has shown that opium is beneficial to the body or mind of man individually or collectively.

4th. Because no Government ought to make private vice a source of public revenue.

5th. Because, independent of the foregoing and other considerations, the peculiar posi- tion in which England at present stands towards the Chinese government on this subject, the strong feeling entertained by a very large and influential portion of the British commu- nity at home respecting the sale of opium in China, and the risk which his Excellency incurs of creating an unfavourable impression against his government, without any corre- sponding fiscal advantage to the State, renders it unadvisable to license the consumption of opium in this colony.

Desirous of earnestly and faithfully advising his Excellency, these remarks are offered for the Governor's consideration with great respect.

26 November 1844.

(3.)

R. M. Martin.

TRANSLATION of a GRANT OF TREATY of PRIVILEGES Conceded by the Emperor of Japan to the English, A.D. 1613.

[Original in the Firogane or Cursive character.]

Imprimis.-Wee give free licence to the subjects of the King of Great Britain, viz., Sir Thomas Smith, Governor and Company of the East India merchants and adventurers, for ever safely to come into any of our ports of the Empire of Japan, with their shippes and mer- chandize, without any hindrance to them or their goods; and to abide, buy, sell, and barter, according

[ 25 ]

according to their own manner, with all nations; to tarry here as long as they think good,

and depart at their pleasure.

Appendix.

Translation of a

Item the 2d.-Wee grant unto them freedom of custom for all such merchandize as either Grant or Treaty of now they have brought, or hereafter shall bring into our kingdom, or shall from hence trans- Privileges. port to any foreign part; and do authorize those shippes that hereafter shall arrive and come from England, to proceed to present sale of their commodities without further coming or dending up to our court.

Item the 3d.-If any of their shippes shali happen to be in danger of shipwreck, wee will our subjects not only to assist them, but that such parts of shippe and goods as shall be saved be returned to their captain, or Cape merchant, or their assignees; and that they shall or may build one house or more for themselves in any part of our empire where they shall think fittest, and at their departure to make sale thereof at their pleasure.

Item the 4th.--If any of the English merchants or others shall depart this life within our dominions, the goods of the deceased shall remain at the dispose of the Cape inerchant and that all offences committed by them shall be punished by the said Cape merchant according to his discretion, and our laws to take no hold of their persons or goods.

Item the 5th.-Wee will that yee our subjects trading with them for any of their commo- dities pay them for the same, according to agreement, without delay or return of their goods again unto them.

;

Item the 6th.-For such commodities as they have now brought or shall hereafter bring, fitting for our service and proper use, wee will that no arrest be made thereof; but that the price be made with the Cape merchant, according as they may sell to others, and present payment upon the delivery of the goods.

Item the 7th.-If in discovery of other countries for trade, and return of their shippes they shall need men or victuals, wee will that yee our subjects furnish them for their money as their needs shall require.

Item the 8th. And without any other passporte, they shall and may set out to the north- ward upon discovery of Yead Yo, or any other part in or about our empire.

From our Castle at Surunga, this first day of the ninth month, and in the eighteenth year of our dairy, according to our computation.

Sealed with our broad seal and underwritten,

(4.)

Minna Mouttano, Yei. Ye. Yeas.

TO THE KING OF GREAT BRITAIN,

YOUR Majesty's kind letter, sent by your servant Captain John Sares (who is the first I To the King of have known to arrive in any part of my dominions), I heartily embrace, being not a little Great Britain. glad to understand of your great wisdom and power, as having three plentiful and mighty kingdoms under your powerful command. I acknowledge your Majesty's great bounty in sending me so undeserved a present of many rare things, such as my land affordeth not, neither have I ever before seen, which I receive, not as from a stranger, but as from your Majesty, whom I esteem as myself.

Desiring the continuance of friendship with your Highness, and that it may stand with your good liking to send your subjects to any port or part of my dominions, where they shall be most heartily welcome; applauding much their worthiness in their admirable navi- gation, having with much facility discovered a country so remote, being nowhat amazed with the distance of so mighty a gulf, nor greatness of such infinite clouds and storms, from pro- secuting honourable enterprizes of discoveries and merchandizing, wherein they shall find me to further them according to their desires.

I return unto your Majesty a small token of my love (by your said subject), desiring you to accept thereof as from him that much rejoiceth in your friendship.

And whereas your Majesty's subjects have desired certain privileges for trade and settling of a factory in my dominions, I have not only granted what they demanded, but have con- firmed the same unto them under my broad seal, for better establishing thereof.

From my Castle at Surunga, this fourth day of ninth, in the eighteenth year of our dairy, according to our computation, subscribed,

Minna Mouttano, Yei. Ye. Yeas.

454

Appendix,

Treaty between

the King of Siam

and the East India Company.

[ 26 ]

(5.)

COPY of a TREATY between the King of Siam and the East India Company.

Art. 1. THE English and Siamese engage in friendship, love, and affection, with mutual truth, sincerity, and candour. The Siamese must not meditate or commit evil so as to mo- Jest the English in any manner; the English must not meditate or commit evil so as to molest the Siamese in any manner. The Siamese must not go and molest, attack, disturb, seize, or take any place, territory, or boundary, belonging to the English, in any country subject to the English; the English must not go and molest, attack, disturb, seize, or take any place, territory, or boundary belonging to the Siamese, in any country subject to the

Siamese.

The Siamese shall settle every matter within the Siamese boundaries according to their own will and customs.

Art. 2. Should any place or country, subject to the English, do anything that may offend the Siamese, the Siamese shall not go and injure such place and country, but first report. the matter to the English, who will examine into it with truth and sincerity; and if the fault lie with the English, the English shall punish according to the fault. Should any place or country, subject to the Siamese, do anything that may offend the English, the Euglish shall not go and injure such place or country, but first report the matter to the Siamese, who will examine into it with truth and sincerity; and if the fault lie with the Siamese, the Siamese shall punish according to the fault.

Should any Siamese place or country, that is near an English country, collect at any time an army or a fleet of boats, if the chief of the English country inquire the object of such force, the chief of the Siamese country must declare it. Should any English place or coun- try, that is near a Siamese country, collect at any time an army or a fleet of boats, if the chief of the Siamese country inquire the object of such force, the chief of the English country must declare it.

Art. 3. In places and countries belonging to the Siamese and English, lying near their mutnal borders, whether to the east, west, north, or south, if the English entertain a doubt as to any boundary that has not been ascertained, the chief on the side of the English must send a letter, with some men and people from his frontier posts, to go and inquire from the nearest Siamese chief, who shall depute some of his officers and people from his frontier posts to go with the men belonging to the English chief, and point out and settle the mutual boundaries, so that they may be ascertained on both sides in a friendly manner.

If a Siamese chief entertain a doubt as to any boundary that has not been ascertained, the chief on the side of the Siamese must send a letter, with some men and people from his frontier posts, to go and inquire from the nearest English chief, who shall depute some of his offi- cers and people from his frontier posts to go with the men belonging to the Siamese chief and point out and settle the mutual boundaries, so that they may be ascertained on both sides. in a friendly manner.

Art. 4. Should any Siamese subject go and live within the boundaries of the English, the Siamese must not intrude, enter, seize, or take such person within the English boundaries, but must report and ask for him in a proper manner, and the English shall be at liberty to deliver the party or not. Should any English subject remove, and go and live within the boundaries of the Siamese, the English must not intrude, enter, seize, or take such person within the Siamese boundaries, but must report and ask for him in a proper manner, and the Siamese shall be at liberty to deliver the party or not.

Art. 5. The English and Siamese having concluded a treaty, establishing a sincere friend- ship between them, merchants, subjects to the English, and their ships, junks, and boats, may have intercourse and trade with any Siamese country which has much merchan- dize, and the Siamese will aid and protect them, and permit them to buy and sell with. facility. Merchants, subject to the Siamese, and their boats, junks, and ships, may have in- tercourse and trade with any English country, and the English will aid and protect them, and permit them to buy and sell with facility.

The Siamese desiring to go to an English country, or the English desiring to go to a Siamese country, must conform to the customs of the place or country on either side; should they be ignorant of the customs, the Siamese or English officers must explain them. Siamese y subjects who visit an English country must conduct themselves according to the established. laws of the English country in every particular. English subjects who visit a Siamese country must conduct themselves according to the established laws of the Siamese country. in every particular.

Art. 6. Merchants, subject to the Siamese or English, going to trade, either in Bengal, or in any country subject to the English, or at Bankok, or in any country subject to the Siamese, must pay the duties upon commerce, according to the customs of the place or country on either side; and such merchants, and the inhabitants of the country, shall be allowed to buy and sell without the intervention of other persons in such countries. Should a Siamese or English merchant have any complaint or suit, he must complain to the officers. and governors on either side, and they will examine and settle the same according to the established laws of the place or country on either side.

If a Siamese or English merchant buy or sell without inquiring and ascertaining whether the seller or buyer be of bad or good character, and if he meet with a bad man who takes the property and absconds, the rulers and officers must make search and produce the person of the absconder and investigate the matter with sincerity. If the party possess money or

property

[ 27 ]

property he can be made to pay; but if they do not possess any, or if they cannot be appre- hended, it will be the merchant's own fault.

Art. 7. A merchant, subject to the Siamese or English, going to trade in any English or Siamese country, and applying to build godowns and houses, or to buy or hire shops or houses in which to place his merchandize, the Siamese or English officers and rulers shall be at liberty to deny him permission to stay. If they permit him to stay, he shall land aud take up his residence according to such terms as may be mutually agreed on; and the Siamese or English officers and rulers will assist and take proper care of him, preventing the inhabitants of the country from oppressing him, and preventing him from oppressing the inhabitants of the country.

Whenever a Siamese or English merchant or subject, who has nothing to detain hùn, requests permission to leave the country and to embark with his property on board of any vessel, he shall be allowed to do so with facility.

Art. 8. If a merchant desire to go and trade in any place or country, belonging to the English or Siamese, and his ship, boat, or junk meet with any injury whatever, the Eng- lish or Siamese officers shall afford adequate assistance and protection; should any vessel belonging to the Siamese or English be wrecked in any place or country where the English or Siamese may collect any of the property belonging to such vessel, the English or Siamese officers shall make proper inquiry and cause the property to be restored to its owner, or in case of his death, to his heirs, &c.; the owner or heir will give a proper remuneration to per- sons who may have collected the property. If any Siamese or English subject die in any English or Siamese country, whatever property he may leave shall be delivered to his heir"; if the heir be not living in the same country and unable to come, he may appoint a person, by letter, to receive the property, and the whole of it shall be delivered to such person.

Art. 9. Merchants, subject to the English, desiring to come and trade in any Siamese country, with which it has not been the custom to have trade and intercourse, must first go and inquire of the governor of the country; should any country have no merchandize, the governor shall inform the ship that has come to trade, that there is none.

Should any country have merchandize sufficient for a ship, the governor shall allow her to come and trade.

Art. 10. The English and Siamese mutually agree that there shall be an unrestricted trade between them, in the English countries of Prince of Wales Island, Malacca, and Singapore, and the Siamese countries of Ligore, Merdilous, Singora, Patani, Junkceylor, Quedah, and other Siamese provinces.

Asiatic merchants of the English countries, not being Burmese Peguers, or descendants of Europeans, shall be allowed to trade freely, overland and by means of rivers.

Asiatic merchants, not being Burmese Peguers, or descendants of Europeans, desiring to enter into and trade with the Siamese dominions, from the countries of Mergui, Tavay, Tenasserim, and Ye, which are now subject to the English, will be allowed to do so freely, overland and by water, upon the English furnishing them with certificates.

But merchants are forbidden to bring opium, which is positively a contraband article in the territories of Siam; and should a merchant introduce any, the governor shall seize him and destroy the whole of it.

Art. 11. If any Englishman desire to transmit a letter to any person in a Siamese or other country, such person only, and no other, shall open and look into the letter.

Art. 12. Siam shall not go and obstruct or interrupt commerce in the states of Tringanu and Calantan; English merchants and subjects shall have trade and intercourse, in future, with the same facility and freedom as they have heretofore had, and the English shall not go and molest, attack, or disturb those states upon any pretence whatever.

Art. 13. The Siamese engage to the English, that the Siamese shall remain in Quedah, and take proper care of that country and of its people. The inhabitants of Prince of Wales Island and of Quedah shall have trade and intercourse as heretofore; the Siamese shall levy no duty upon stock and provisions, such as cattle, buffaloes, poultry, fish, paddy, and rice, which the inhabitants of Prince of Wales Island, or ships there may have occasion to pur- chase in Quedah, but shall levy fair and proper import and export duties.

The Siamese further engage, that when Chow Phya, of Ligore, returns from Bankok, he shall release the slaves, personal servants, family and kindred, belonging to the former governor of Quedah, and permit them to go and live wherever they please.

The English engage to the Siamese that the English do not desire to take possession of Quedah; that they will not attack or disturb it, nor permit the former governor of Quedah, or any of his followers, to attack, disturb, or injure, in any manner, the territory of Quedah, or any other territory subject to Siam.

The English engage that they will make arrangements for the former governor of Quedah to go and live in some other country, and not at Prince of Wales Island, or Praye, or in Perack, Salangore, or any Burmese country. If the English do not let the former governor of Quedah go and live in some other country, as here engaged, the Siamese may continue to levy an export duty upon paddy and rice in Quedah. The English will not prevent any Siamese, Chinese, or other Asiatics at Prince of Wales Island, from going to reside in Quedah, if they desire it.

Art. 14. The Siamese and English mutually engage, that the Raja of Perak shall govern his country according to his own will; should he desire to send the gold and silver flowers to Siam, as heretofore, the English will not prevent his doing as he may desire.

Appendix.

Treaty between and the East India the King of Siam

Company.

Bo.

[

28 ]

}

455

Appendix.

Treaty between

the King of Siam

and the East India Company.

If Chow Phya, of Ligore, desires to send down to Perak, with friendly intentions, 40 or 50 men, whether Siamese, Chinese, or other Asiatic subjects of Siam, or if the Raja of Perak desires to send any of his ministers or officers to seek Chow Phya, of Ligore, the English shall not forbid them.

The Siamese or English shall not send any force to go and molest, attack, or disturb. Perak. The English will not the state of Salangore to attack or disturb Perak; and the Siamese will not go and attack or disturb Salangore.

AGREEMENT with regard to English Vessels desiring to trade at Bankok.

Art. 1. Vessels belonging to the subjects of the English Government, whether Europeans or Asiatics, desiring to come and trade at Bankok, must conform to the established laws of Siam in every particular.

Merchants coming to Bankok are prohibited from purchasing paddy or rice for the pur- pose of exporting the same as merchandize, and if they import fire-arms, shot, or gunpowder, they are prohibited from selling them to any party but to the Government.

Should the Government not require such fire-arms, shot, or gunpowder, the merchants must re-export the whole of them. With exception of such warlike stores, and paddy, and rice, merchants, subjects of the English, and merchants at Bankok, may buy and sell with- out the intervention of any person, and with freedom and facility. Merchants coming to trade shall pay, at once, the whole of the duties and charges consolidated according to the breadth of the vessel.

If the vessel bring an import cargo, she shall be charged 1,700 ticols for each Siamese fathom in breadth.

If the vessel bring no import cargo, she shall be charged 1,500 ticols for each Siamese fathom in breadth.

No import, export, or other duty shall be charged upon the buyers or sellers, from or to English subjects.

Art. 2. Merchant vessels, the property of English subjects, arriving off the bar, must first. anchor and stop there; and the commander of the vessel must dispatch a person with an account of the cargo, and a return of the people, guns, shot, and powder on board the vessel, for the information of the government at the mouth of the river, who will send a pilot and interpreter to convey the established regulations to the commander of the vessel.

Upon the pilot bringing the vessel over the bar, she must anchor and stop below the chokey, which the interpreter will point out.

Art. 3. The proper officer will go on board the vessel and examine her thoroughly; and after the guns, shot, and powder have been removed and deposited at Paknam, the governor of Paknam will permit the vessel to pass up to Bankok.

Art. 4. Upon the vessel's arrival at Bankok, the officers of the customs will go on board. and examine her, open the hold, and take an account of whatever cargo may be on board; and after the breadth of the vessel has been measured and ascertained, the merchants will be allowed to buy and sell according to the first article of this agreement.

Should a vessel upon receiving an export cargo find that she cannot cross the bar with the whole, and that she must hire cargo-boats to take down a portion of the cargo, the officers of the customs and chokeys shall not charge any further duty upon such cargo- boats.

Art. 5. Whenever a vessel or cargo-boat completes her lading, the commander of the vessel must go and ask Chow Phya Phra Khlang for a port clearance; and if there be no cause for detention, Chow Phya Phra Khlang shall deliver the port clearance without delay. When the vessel upon her departure arrives at Paknam, she must anchor and stop at the usual chokey; and after the proper officers have gone on board and examined her, the vessel may receive her guns, shot, and powder, and take her departure.

Art. 6. Merchants being subjects of the English Government, whether Europeans or Asiatics, the commanders, officers, lascars, and the whole of the crews of the vessels, must conform to the established laws of Siam and to the stipulations of the treaty in every parti- cular. If merchants of every class do not observe the articles of this treaty, and oppress the inhabitants of this country, become thieves or bad inen, kill men, speak offensively of, or treat disrespectfully any great or subordinate officers of the country, and the case become important in any way whatever, the proper officer shall take jurisdiction of it and punish the offender. If the offence be homicide, and the officers, upon investigation, see that it pro- ceeded from evil intention, they shall punish with death. If it be any other offence, and the party be commander or officer of a vessel, or a merchant, he shall be fined; if he be of a lower rank, he shall be whipped or imprisoned, according to the established laws of Siam.

The governor of Bengal will prohibit English subjects, desiring to come and trade at Bankok, speaking disrespectfully, or offensively, to or of the great officers of Siam. If any person at Bankok oppress any English subjects, he shall be punished according to the offence in the same manner.

[ 29 ]

(5 a.)

COPY of a TREATY of Amity and Commerce between His Majesty the Magnificent King of Siam and the United States of America, concluded the 20th March 1833.

Art. 1.-THERE shall be a perpetual peace between the United States of America and the Magnificent King of Siam.

Art. 2. The citizens of the United States have free liberty to enter all the ports of the King of Siam with their cargoes, of whatever kind the said cargoes may consist; and they shall have liberty to sell the same to any of the subjects of the King, or others who may wish to purchase the same, or barter the same for any produce or manufacture of the king- dom, or other articles that may be found there.

No price shall be fixed by the officers of the King on the articles to be sold by the mer- chants of the United States, or the merchandise they may wish to buy; but the trade shall be free on both sides, to sell, buy, or exchange, on the terms and for the prices the owners may think fit.

Whenever the said citizens of the United States shall be ready to depart, they shall be at liberty so to do, and the proper officer shall furnish them with passports, provided always there be no legal impediment to the contrary.

Nothing contained in this article shall be understood as granting permission to import and sell munitions of war to any person excepting the King, who, if he does not require, will not be bound to purchase them; neither is permission granted to import opium, which is contraband; or to export rice, which cannot be embarked as an article of commerce. These only are prohibited.

Art. 3.-Vessels of the United States entering any port within his Majesty's dominions, and selling or purchasing cargoes of merchandise, shall pay, in lieu of import and export duties, tonnage licence, or trade, or any other charge whatever, a measurement duty, as follows:--The measurement shall be made from side to side, in the middle of the vessel's length, and if a single-decked vessel, on such single deck; if otherwise, on the lower deck. On every vessel selling merchandise the sum of 1,700 ticols or bats shall be paid for every Siamese fathom in breadth so measured, the said fathom being computed to contain 78 English or American inches, corresponding to 96 Siamese inches; but if the said vessel should come without merchandise, and purchase a cargo with specie only, she shall then pay the sum of 1,500 ticols or bats for each and every fathom before described.

Furthermore, neither the aforesaid measurement duty, nor any other charge whatever, shall be paid by any vessel of the United States that enters a Siamese port for the purpose of refitting, or for refreshments, or to inquire the state of the markets.

Art. 4.--If any vessels of the United States shall suffer shipwreck in any part of the King of Siam's dominions, the persons escaping from the wreck shall be taken care of, and hos- pitably entertained, at the expense of the King, until they shall find an opportunity to return to their country, and the property saved from the wreck shall be carefully preserved and restored to its owners; and the United States will repay all expenses incurred by his Majesty on account of such wreck.

Art. 6.-If any citizen of the United States, coming to Siam for the purpose of trade, shall contract debts to any individual of Siam, or if any individual of Siam shall contract debts to any citizen of the United States, the debtor shall be obliged to bring forward and sell all his goods to pay his debts therewith.

When the products of such bona fide sale shall not suffice, he shall be no longer liable for the remainder, nor shall the creditor be able to retain him as a slave in prison, flog, or otherwise punish him, to compel the payment of any balance, but shall leave him at perfect liberty.

Art. 7.-Merchants of the United States coming to trade in the kingdom of Siam, and wishing to rent houses therein, shall rent the King's factories, and pay the customary rents of the country.

If the said merchants bring their goods on shore the King's officers shall take account thereof, but shall not levy any duty thereupon.

Art. 8.-If any citizen of the United States, or their vessels or other property shall be taken by pirates, and brought within the dominions of the Magnificent King, their persons shall be set at liberty and their property restored to its owners.

Art. 9.-Merchants of the United States trading to the kingdom of Siam shall respect and follow the laws and customs of the country in all ports.

If hereafter any foreign nation, other than the Portuguese, shall request and obtain his Majesty's consent to the appointment of consuls to reside in Siam, the United States shall be at liberty to appoint consuls to reside in Siam equally with such other foreign nations.

Appendix,

the King of Siam Treaty between

and the United States of America.

[ 30 ]

(6.)-TRADE BETWEEN SINGAPORE AND CHINA,

STATEMENT of the IMPORTS from China, from 1834-35 to 1843-44, inclusive.

[ 31 ]

FOR TEN YEARS; QUANTITIES AND VALUES.

STATEMENT of the IMPORTS from China, from 1834-35 to 1843-44,

inclusive.

456

1834-35.

1835-36.

1836-37.

1837-38.

1838-39.

1839-40.

1840-41.

1841-42.

1842-43.

1843-44.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Dollars.

Alum

Anchors and Chain

Cables.

Brass Ware China Camphor Canvas Cassia

China Crockery Copper Sheathing Copper, Peruvian

Copper Ore

Cordage

Cotton

20 piculs

10 piculs

20 144 picals

340

200 piculs

650 620 piculs

Dollars.

1,232

Dollars.

880 piculs

12 anchors

1,163 2,940 piculs

287

7,530 3,670 piculs

7,802 11,676 piculs

Dollars.

19,882

Dollars.

11,940 piculs

21,426

- 28 anchors and

2,615

9 chain cables

1,717

19 chain cables.

118

238 piculs

7,890

235 piculs

235 5,640

1,140

1,144

2,205

4,685

2,120

6,913

604 piculs

20,030 268 piculs

8,190

596 piculs

20,762 283 piculs

11,138 1,067 piculs

204 bolts

1,632

11,092 piculs

130,004

3,436 piculs

64 piculs

89,386 2,709

39,604 3,163 piculs 101,683

33,318

475 piculs

4,829 2,717 piculs

27,098

2,113 picuís

116,654

120,298

169,333

23,658 335 piculs 170,330

40,867 174,411

72 bolta 6,084 piculs

1,080 76,602 155,738

39,795 2,185 piculs

96 bolts 11,696 piculs

28 piculs

150 piculs

4,503 3

616 78

57 piculs

1,596 29 piculs

754

126 picals

7,340

62,972 3,560 piculs

1,152 214 bolts

123,549 4,660 piculs 174,034

6,242 26 piculs-

1,750

12,896

1,597

54,148

176,970

572

and 9 boxes,

1,370

1,624

2,848

50 picule

1,500

2,815

760

1,042 bales

31,810 31 bales

775

and 100 piculs.

104 piculs

1,144 243 piculs

200 1,024

Cotton Twist

169

30 piculs

Gold Dust

Ditto

Hardware

Hides

China

2,700 825 piculs

- 1,199 tales,

41,977 429 pieuls 28,184

19,836 51 piculs

2,745

36 catties.

Gold Thread, Europe 96 catties

3,895

10 catties

5,409 500

600 11,016

11,470

16,157

1,386

2,700 1,060

6 picals

30 piculs

210

Iron and Steel

Indigo

Mother o'Pearl Shell

Oils:

Spice Oils

840 piculs

3,480

420 piculs

1,970

and 120 tubs steel.

and 1 box stcel.

3,233 3,095

3,350 19,685

30 buncals

900

3,805 5,218

5,000

14,465

4,618

6,023

011 tubs

5,466

1 picul

200 piculs

90 cases

and 7 casks,

60 hbds. and

2,400

4,733

2 piculs

100

146 piculs

1,165 18 piculs -

460 322 piculs

1,440

94 cases and

4,203

2 cases and

4,690

197 piculs.

160 piculs.

9 tous.

Other kinds

3 picula

600

130

536

250

Opium:

Benares

Patna

Turkey

Paints and Oils

Piece Goods:

British

China Silks and

3 chests

230 pieces

41 cases,

2,248

31 } chests

53 chests

15,600

€ piculs

3,543

16 chests

776

2,510 113 piculs

4,195

240

21,845

375

6,560

4,491

4,046

855

23 cheats

18,395

}}

6,491

7,567

1,600 111 pieces

758

78 corges

14,078

Cottons.

9 doz. and 700

30 boxes, 5,852 pieces,

19,458

-- 100 corges,

5,825

23,065

24 boxes, and

- 3,850 corges and 9 cases.

30,415

8 cases and

14,016

5,487 pieces

-- 317 corges

22,953 50 pieces

14,923

200

1,406 pieces

9,548

and 680 dozen.

720 corges.

and 3 boxes.

339 corges and 668 boxes.

9,276 pieces and 31 cases.

108,335

95,873

pieces.

and 450 yds.

30 doz.

Naukeens

Provisions:

Beef

1,986 corges

26,800 | 601 boxes

25,715

- 1,155 pack-

47,100 3,275 corges

24,203

4,398 corges

ages and 10 corges.

9,700 corges

8,400 lbs. 2,400 "

3,470 pieces and 26 cases.

3,748 cases

185corges and

O cases.

54,471

34,445

1,495 corges

Pork

123,701

-- 180 piculs,113,042

159 chests, I

99 piculs, 132,651

226 chests, and

552

394 piculs

135,800 326 piculs

118,325

171 piculs

58,705 991 piculs

371,017

1,095 piculs

61 casks

301,908 253 piculs

1,045

64,085 274 piculs

73,930

2,520

156,000 in No.

1,580 | 4,140

936

1,575

9,420

3,131

3,430

1,861

1,800

8,420

3,746

2,100 piculs -

9,250

200 piculs

279,500 in No. 1,110 3,295 piculs

59 piculs

779

421

399

5,703 1,432

2,166 200,000 in No. 15,522 5,423 piculs

888 13,955

720

448,500 in No. 1,550 27,714 5,889 piculs

621 7,022

3,647❘ 2,932

1,132

4,726

23,111

730 piculs

2,977

6,216

852

7,539

and 54 tuba.

bale.

175 bales.

720 12,402 4,120

1,280 pieuls

670

83 boxes

165

- 158 packages

1,511 110 piculs

and 631 piculs.

1,519 1,057 piculs 15,824

and 1,096 tubs.

Raw Silk

Salt

Segars

Sugar

Sugar Candy

Spirits:

Brandy

Rum

Arrack

347 piculs

1,280 piculs 1,908 boxes 1,030 piculs

128

277 dozen

39 +

80 gallons

1,943

28,737-T,215 piculs &

39,348

795 packages. 542 piculs

250 gallons

49,2441,714 piculs 49,811 and 626 boxes.

7,122 12,011146 piculs

3,040

and 307 cases and baskets.

and 516 boxes.

- 17,796 boxes and 1,909 piculs.

1,379 bas- kets and 210 boxes.

199,115

- 20,633 boxes and 4,205 piculs. 29,176 5,018 baskets

453,487

89,831

45,405 boxes and 3,929 piculs. 1,718 baskets

466,936

21,340

74,205 boxes and 6,335 pieuls.

2,746 baskets

675,964

32,804

- 110,828 boxes

504,077

and 5,039 piculs.

1,615 baskets.

15,616

and 11 picule.

5 piculs

5,125

5,133 79 pieces

1,803

5 piculs 131 pieces

5,000

2 piculs

1,141

74,478

12,716

28,991

2,770 2,150 pieces 244,475

22,500 10 pieces

180

500,953

►

422,966

330,961

620,709

12,550

36,695

125,113

101,152

36,808

19,130

7,098

15,050

10,100

24,421

37,801

300

2,350

7,005

128,534

790,735

181,777

158,503

192,413

202,413

246,639

208,981

245,745

659,272

087,614

1,109,204

2,142,504

1,947,304

1,990,810

2,073,233

Other kinds

Tea

Tobacco

3,392 lbs.

134,021

- 2,167 boxes

57,509

357 piculs

and 1,365 piculs.

1,253 lbs.

►

26,306

- 881 piculs,

47,239

1,291 baskets,

and 42 boxes.

& 2,595 boxes.

446 piculs,

& 2,552 boxes and baskets.

Tortoise Shell

Woollens

6 pieces

20 pieces

193

105 pieces

Specie

Bycee Silver

Copper Cash

Cowries

All other Articles

25,427

138,924

786

2,000

3,000

145,376

154,018

TOTAL Spanish)

Dollars

1766,956

735,570

EXPLANATORY NOTE:

A picul is equivalent to 133 lbs. avoirdupois; a coyan is equivalent to 40 piculs; a corge of tobacco is 40 baskets, cr about 10 piculs.

EXPLANATORY NOTE:

A corge of cloth is 20 pieces; a buncal of gold is equal to 832 grains troy.

Arms:

Muskets Rifles

Iron Guns

Fowling Pieces

Swivela

Pistols

Air Guns

Cutlasses

[ 32 ]

(6.)-TRADE BETWEEN SINGAPORE AND CHINA-continued.

STATEMENT of the EXPORTS to China, from 1834-35 to 1843-44, inclusive.

[ 33 ]

(6.)-TRADE BETWEEN SINGAPORE AND CHINA-continued.

STATEMENT of the EXPORTS to China, from 1834-35 to 1843-44, inclusive.

457

1834-35.

1835-36.

1836-37.

1837-38.

1838-39.

1839-40.

1840-41.

1841-42.

1842-43.

1843-44,

Quantity. Value. Quantity.

Value.

Quantity. Valuc. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value,

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Dollars.

20 in number

460 in number

38 in number 26

}}

13 in number

3,741

30 in number 33

1,870

900 in number

50 102

500 in number

88 in number 529

1,078

7,185

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Dollars.

2,015 in number

202 in number 235

7,941

15,342

12 in number

Pikes and Spears

Birds' Feathers and

Skins.

400 in number

40 | 7,000 in number

Beeche de Mer

4,649 picula

Bees' Wax

206

91,453 4,567

4,164 picula

400 1,300 innumber

74,723

די

8,990 piculs

40 picule

150 10,500 in number

746,41 | 4,283 piculs

400 7 piculs

1 case

186 in number

70 in number

1,417 18,000

80,363 5,731 piculs

3,600

64,917

60,000

2,310

3,906 piculs

66,462

6,599 piculs 32

127,470 | 3,330 piculs

960

59,575 5,070 piculs

94,838 5,862 piculs

1 picul

15 2 piculs

89,383 2,830 561

帅

18,100 149 piculs

-8,265 pieces 20,796 and 800 yards.

408 corges and 480 dozen.

29,167

Spirits:

Beer

Benjamin

Beer, Wines, and

-- 20 hogsheads,

1,052

160 dozen

and 44 dozen.

Wines

-- 196 dozen, 3

3,314 28 dozen

456

140

480

360 dozen and 10 casks. 720 1,080 gallons -

1,160 60 dozen

1,620❘ 74

120

660

59 dozen

159

1,446 and 28 hogsheads.

370 1,771 dozen

pipes, 4 hogs-

heads, and 19

quarter-casks.

Brandy

681 gallons -

330 gallons

and 8 dozen.

1,322

370

Gio

200 cases

Arrack

250 gallons

100

Birds' nests

183 piculs

106,776 277 piculs

Betelnut

Camphor (Malay)

Coffee

Cotton

Cotton Twist -

Cotton Piece Goods:

British

1,001

552

9,090 2,185 piculs

27,457 369

- 18,072 pieces, 108,618

676 dozen, 3

corges, 76 bales,

162,852 330 piculs

191,177

and 6 cases.

9,781

20,752 21,729

19,668 | 10 100

44,962 | 25,362 " 16,155

51,427

12,184 piculs

901 catties

16,158

789 catties

416cases 50 doz. 1,551 68 cases

311 picula 191,760 | 369 piculs

16,496-2,464 piculs 37,621

-2,464 piculs 37,621 1,382 piculs and 100 bales.

7,447 282

4,562

76 hogsheads

12,484

501 dozen

1,152

2,330 Jozen

8,008

and 3,974 dozen.

and 55 bogsheads.

10,356

2,188 dozen,

12,509

1,521,

9,279

121 dozen and

1,370

10 bogsheads, and

6 casks.

100 dozen

738

11 dozen and 150 gallons.

227

1,840 gallons

and 1,633 dozen.

41 cases.

- ·

868 dozen and

286 gallons.

1,911 dozen,

14,644

10,670

74 boxes, and 4,140 gallons.

and 66 dozen.

►

150 gallons

857

13,902

95 cases

415 1,510 cases

2,002 cases

400 gallons

300

1,282 gallons

3,393 gallons

200 cases

10,750 gallons,

and 22 casks.

110 dozen

1,760 gallons

144,360

373 piculs

26,908 11,880 picula 16,290

24,674

11,152

15,005 piculs 853 cutties

104,000

34,469 17,682 picula 15,591 | 22 |

371 piculs

150,131 359 piculs

32,776

44,141

3,263 9

}}

94,555 343 plcnla

6,277 20,291 piculs

63 19,290

110,299 287 piculs

38,864 9,385 12,255

149,315

17,634

43,252

103

1,181

111

937

15,609

- 2,905 piculs

19,290

and 180 bales.

15,940

114 picula

5,520

1,127 bales and 4,614 piculs.

115 piculs

90,051 - 1,673 bales and

2,451 piculs. 2,871 1,205 piculs

510,371

10,823 bales

347,916

and 1,667 piculs:

271,92 bales and 50 piculs.

624,952

20,452 bales

466,878

and 2,292 piculs.

39,759

110 piculs

6,740 1,799 picula

63,889 1,349 piculs

36,505

-- 6,449 pieces 71,044 19,558 pieces and 80 dozen.

95,239

- - 4,507 pack- ages, 100 corges, and 53 dozen,

25,464

22,785 pieces and 13 dozen.

97,040

30,512 pieces,

111,584

288 dozen, and

11 cases.

13 cases.

Indian

58 corges

2,370

30 corges,

36,322 17 corges

550

14 corges

1,182

12 corges

350

-- 8,828 pieces, 36 corges, 505 yards, 100 dozen, and I case.

1 corge

239,633

86,278 pieces,

280,103

corges, and

2,222 dozen.

200

12 cases, 51

and 400 dozen.

trunks.

Cutch

Dragon's-blood

Ebony

Earthenware

2,013 picula

22 piculs

7,650,

720

26,100

18 piculs 10,660

153

288 17 piculs 33,199 | 17,942

181

76 piculs 59,968 21,167 piculs

128 4 piculs 52,053 | 25,600 piculs

120

}}

36,860

36,656 piculs

62,412 10,350

150

7,977

1,507 piculs

4,914

3,531 picula

595 37

576

9,237

125 piculs 554 7

312

19,455 7,800

10,100

10,916

12,594

5,498

7,980

Flint Stones Fish

Mawa Sharks' Fins. Gambier

Gold Dust Gunpowder Glassware Hardware Hides

Indigo

1,500

118

2,125

and

1,622 piculs

5,200 piculs

1,115

544 piculs

3,689 1,095 piculs

70 buncals

1,666 56 casks 3,188

3,800 200 piculs

1,902 5 piculs 2,100

7 1,010 piculs

3,273 227 piculs

480

50 buucals

1,400

100 piculs

204 1,037

3,590 4,600 piculs 344 31,287

2,516 1,734

4,160 9,038 picals 8,299 II

10,051

16,817 piculs

14,878

3,233 230

5,958

}}

3,661 3,890

6,165 2,624

4,472

2,760

938

12 piculs

50 kegs 14 piculs

708

25 piculs

280

88 picule

116

450

186

800 534 picula

2,051 4,786

5,838

650 7,460

5,583

579

2,573

937 piculs

3,763 1,693 piculs

6,388

and 480 dozen

417 picule

2,306

- 2,200 in num-

2,062 332 piculs

2,036 52 piculs

178

6 bundles and

2,160

ber and 570 piculs.

352 pieuls.

rabbit-akins.

Ivory

8 piculs

Iron and Steel

40 piculs iron,

720 1,040

25 catties

2,054 piculs

and 188 kegs

steel.

Lead

20 piculs

100

800

328 pieuls

1,200

743

24 piculs

3,346 32

3,117

5,862

200

18 picule

2,130

5 piculs

608

600

}

200

900 2,942 piculs

11,506

32 piculs 1,912 piculs

3,405 16 6,158

picals 10,914 piculs and 40 kegs steel.

1,979 27,842

42 piculs

3,770

4,314 piculs

12,175

and 60 cases.

168 piculs

1,302 | 220

1,550

560 2,285

15,933 | 1,560

11,497 1,628 piculs

9,678 891 piculs

4,802

Marine Stores :

Anchors and Chain

Cables.

Canvas

Copper Sheathing Cordage

Tar and Pitch

2 chaing

140

2 anchors

282

- 2 chains and

1,311

2 anchors.

60 bolts

600 140 bolts

349 picals

1,439 130 picula

1,120 262 bolts

795

2,468 150 bolts 59 piculs 182 piculs

1,620 169 bolts 2,076 152 piculs 1,275 104

1,676

50 bolts

5,351

450

5 anchors, 4

432

of chain.

500

chains, and 54cwt.

1,014 bolts

35 anchors 31 chain cables.

4,380

-3 chains, Gan-

1,983

11 chains and

2,311

chors, and

21 anchors.

grapnels.

9,432 676 bolts

6,399

1,155 bolts

9,827

162 bolts

1,224

37 piculs

1,342

185 piculs

7,019

142 piculs

4,301

175 piculs

712

1,114 piculs

9,879

183 Bengal,

4,590 20 piculs twine

and 123 Europe.

101 barrels

507

140 barrels

037

109 barrels

814

200 barrels

1,339

25 do.

Oil

326

399

20 piculs -

100

(continued)

{ 34 ]

(6.)-TRADE BETWEEN SINGAPORE AND CHINA--continued.

STATEMENT of the EXPORTS to China-continued.

[ 35 ]

(6.)-TRADE BETWEEN SINGAPORE AND CHINA-continued.

STATEMENT of the EXPORTS to China-continued.

458

1834-35.

1835-36.

1836-37.

1837-38.

1838-39.

1839-40.

1840-41.

1841-42.

1842-43.

1843-44.

Quantity. Value,

Quantity. Value.

Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity.

Value.

Quantity,

Value.

Dollars.

Opium:

Dollars.

グ

Benares

367 chests

Patna

3141 chests

Maliva

2312,403 104

467 chests

252,327 105 chests

and 20 piculs.

268 chests 20

402,332 122

81 812 chests

256,045, 10

337,546)

564 chests 1,803 50

698,528

3,304 chests

495

1,941 chests 2,874

1,392 ₫ chests 1,483

Turkey

1,283,652 | 512

140

2,024,466 | 561

1,260 chests 1,018 1,673,422 172 }

1,480,494

105

Mangrove Bark

30,978 piculs

5,195 19,297 piculs

3,817

6,710 54,723 piculs

14,516

Pepper:

Black

6,383 piculs

39,517 7,972 piculs

56,023 16,024 piculs

White Long

108,838 10,734 piculs

16,275 plculs

67,376

11,010 picule

208 152

82,424

63,489 6,627

153

3,290

37,067 60

18,236

16,520 piculs 1,991 91

16,453

76,096 170

68,041

160

Patchuck

Paints and paint oils 24 cwt. paints

2,272 piculs

2881

774

116

33,499 45

728 200 870

3,044

500

1,111

Provisions:

Beef

18,400 lbs

2,010

Pork

Flour

70 tierces

1,130

19 casks and

2,496

74 tierces.

233 casks and 348 tongues.

20 kegs and 3,876 lbs. hams.

15 casks and

4 jars.

4,898

154 casks

4,520

4 barrels

Other kinds

22 chests

Rattane

Rice

23,747 piculs

46,369

Sago

Saltpetre Spelter -

Seaweed

Segars -

1,674 369

48,596 16,660 piculs

89,712 38,823

3.741 1,596 2,666

36,019 3,008 piculs

59,408) 25,985

3,186 621

24,339) 24,985 picula

33,892 10,007

982) 688

49,266 18,353 piculs

19,340 18,171

1,120 1,164

•

37,970

22,505

32,415 picals

62,912

26,958 piculs

and 40,000 canes.

55,663

- 23,118 piculs

43,039

34,520 picule

68,077 37,316 plculs

92,633

and 3,550 canes.

and 1,000 canes.

4,860

6,138

1,136 bags and

11,995

1,777 piculs

1,599

-6,741 piculs &

0,618 31,602

ور

34,108

5,793 piculs.

150 bags.

2,270

744

477 347

3,239 390

2,792

131

1,391 701

170 piculs

302 584 想

1,113

248 piculs

594

605

1,377

841

1,730 701

4,832

3,024 piculs

16,078 3,800 piculs

16,100 2,520

11,360) 4,100

18,409 5,280 picula

20,374

9,419 piculs -

41,380 | 11,000 piculs

7,004 477

34 30,894 6,934

2,958

1,284

8,216

402

10,378 5,377 picu!s

2,025 419 10,384 5,796

15,924

3,561

12,756

600,000 in number.

1,800).

|220,000 in number

1,955

Spices:

Nutmegs

2 piculs

44 piculs

2+ piculs

52 + piculs

8 piculs

22 picnla

17 piculs

Mace

Cloves

Wild Nutmega

Shellac

Sugar Tin

Tobacco Tortoise shell

Timbers:

Beams

Planks

Spars, &c.

265 60 catties

11,314 4

קו

5 piculs

241 catties

8,787

5,917

104 4

[

238 piculs

6,047

550 piculs

16,020

115

4,430

32 piculs

31 piculs

2,368

9 piculs

93 piculs

110 piculs

2,417

141.piculs

7,717

►

400 piculs

6,322

4 piculs 2,100 95,579 7,602 picula

100 picule

42 piculs

27,737 20 piculs

117,386 6,629 piculs 10 12,684 19

131,727 3,985 piculs

68,569 4,454 piculs

420

70,725

100 piculs 2,566 piculs

600 45,272 3,363 piculs

7 piculs 200

140 600

12 piculs 2,238 piculs

56,380

888 piculs

♫

160 4 corges, Java 11,208 22 picula

580 15,575 20 piculs

4,000 lbs.

800

8,073

1 piculs

790

Tou

11 piculs

7,087

9 picula

11,512 2,936

3,3255pieuls

78 5,028 44,517 3,754

1,801 piculs

4,540

ני

53,231

1,105

-010 cattles and 1 head.

2,250

1,358 in number

19,610 piculs

- 400 rafters and

2,664 in number 40,997

6,470

6,962

14,503

Woollens

Wood:

16 masts and 12 spars.

160 yards

21,865)

325 pieces

25,064 710 pieces

9,876 466 pieces

10,113 200 pieces

2,900

4 pieces

116

3,559 pieces and 2,359 yards.

17,360

and 960 pieces.

and 12,096 yards.]

- 1,578 picces, 328 yards, and 9 bales.

37,5527,532 pieces

121,515

6,997 pieces and 7,001 yards.

107,026

5,663 364 piculs

9,428

1,453) 280

3,881

227 picula 7,156

10,336 222 piculs 08,508 833

11,098 64 piculs

9,458

1,142 piculs

2,680 228 piculs 16,100 5,287

100

7,225 478 piculs 80,502 | 3,241

5,670

18,170

6,381 3,710,

5,289

1,250 piculs

2,181 | 2,700 piculs

5,220

2,434 1,702,,

3,707

2,303

}}

4,556

5,770

10,445

900 piculs 5,754

1,850

526 piculs

10,093

10,808 piculs

995 1,172 picuis 18,0157,440

3,049

10,602

3,819

2,019

5,278

11,755

21,383

12,530

15,501

9,202

1,989

3,904

15,770

3,345

4,429

5,888

18,084

3,598

6,732

8,622

12,167

28,241

11,540

2,956 11,187

2,009

5,301

11,933

29,434

1,126

19,200

4,456

2,025

3,220

2,747

3,500

48,138

€5,784

11,724

►

1,169,780

1,137,492

1,499,136

121,598

2,892,873

37,605

169,333

47,885

3,058,202

3,027,802

3,250,260

Garro

702 piculs

18,344 115 piculs

Sandal

Booko

170 19

950 1,046 152

4,680 356 piculs 11,143 409

10,705 127 piculs

}}

Lakkah Japan

3,050

200

9,030 3,400 piculs

400

10,800 3,075 picula 100

Europe, Sundries

8,225

7,037

7,201 471

7,129 3,737 picule.

175 1,267

3,873

堂

India

ditto

Java

ditto

Straits

ditto

Eastern ditto

Specie

2,082

1,788

207

1,461

7,785

19,002

4,970

7,459

17,383

14,611

5,580

50,650)

21,864

25,244

TOTAL Spanish)

Dollars

[1,213,605

1,073,525

1,312,051)

MERCHANDISE.

1838-39.

QUANTITY,

(7.)-TRADE WITH CHINA AND BENGAL.

IMPORTS from China.

1839-40.

1840-41.

VALUE.

QUANTITY,

VALUE.

QUANTITY.

1841-42.

VALUE.

QUANTITY,

1842-43.

VALUE.

QUANTITY.

1843-44.

VALUE.

QUANTITY.

VALUE.

Alum

I. Mds.

9,879

Rs. 29,639

Rs.

1,950

5,852

Aniseed

I. Mds.

Arsenic

I. Mds.

39 157

549 2,368

3,415 203

209

10,246

26,197

Rs. 84,795

9,137

Rs. 28,201

Rs.

11,636

34,908

3,254

555

2,576

121

Beer and Porter

2,117

119

540

788

Beads and False Pearls

13,420

3,300

26,287

25,975

45,121

26,338

Betel Nuts

Books

230

100

Bottles (Empty)

Dozens

Brass Leaf and Leaf Metal

948

247 10 24,800

200

500

416

387

16,212

475

Brimstone

I. Mds.

204

www

Camphor

1. Mds.

433

18,203

1,341

56,341

843

49,842

Canvas

Cardamums

Cassia

China Fancy Articles

China Root

Coal

Coffee - Confectionery Coral (Sea) Cordage

Dammer

Earthenware

Felt (Patent)

662

39,713

417

23,941

900

530

9,010

1,773 343

99,282

5,489

238

3,342

www.

555

7,776

2,205

18,626

30,881 573

1,974

33,560 10,772

2,176

38,993

1,074

18,273

886 条

14,874

6,709

10,499

10,618

[

202

858

63 1

442

162

1,296

915

4,145

1,059

4,247

5,771

2,886

Sa. Wt.

14,955 6

26 7,042

2,512

7,865

12,500

23,171

880

2,640

220

770

2,638

Sheets

Flour

Galangal

532

3,000

1,125

I. Mds.

156 1

782

243

1,215

190

1,237

220

247

91 2,833

1,560

1,357

10,177

1,125

8,437

235

1,762

1,223

143 4,282

157

628

Gambier

Glass (Pier and Mirror)

Glass-ware

Gum Copal

Guns and Pistols

Haberdashery

Hams

Hardware and Cutlery

Hats and Caps

Ironmongery

Liquors

026

1,037

200

240

260

279

468

1,830

2,012

789

Lbs.

503

252

981

1,901

250

2,389

3,819

296

389

1,042

1,822

138

370

Medicines

Metals:

110

Block Tin

Copper (Cake and Slabs)

I. Mds.

Copper (Old)

4,341 31

1,47,682 1,012

11 2,323

31 76,668

856 666

20,979 22,003

1,441

Iron of Sorts

2,865 162 787

1,00,691

5,668

1,81,898

5,662

260

8,346

1,772

Lead Shot

Bags

153

Pig and Sheet

625

4,843

Oilman's Stores and Grocery

600

2,877

Piece Goods:

British Cotton

Yards

11,092

2,022

121

China Cotton

Pieces

4,568

17,390

1,897

16,306

Silk

[Pieces

6,732 1

Woollen

Yards Yards

1,334

1,07,850 Ps. 1,593

23,329

3,431

8,231

41,922 5,262

1,39,586 9,120

45,746

1,40,270 6,097

45 841

270

6,945

1,28,122

1,082

6,416

5,593

70,291

Paint of Sorts

679

Pepper (Black)

I. Mds.

253

3,037

(Long)

I. Mds.

Plate and Jewellery

1,919

Precious Stones

6,802

Provisions

Rattans

I. Mds.

Saddlery

Sago

Segars

Silk (Raw)

Spices (Mace)

(Nutmegs)

Stationery and Cards

Tea

Tobacco

Twist, Blue -

White

Vermillion

Wines

Spirits, &c.

Wood (Spars and Planks)

All other Articles

Merchandise

Treasure

TOTAL

Rs.

300

2,415

13 13,691

784

274 10,423

680 7,210

26,208

66 49,284

3,642

55,866

1,47,825

Lbs.

420

33,678

2,61,733 172

315

240

49,988

3,92,783 4,403

391

242 25,455

1,51,647 7,088

388

3,386

1,18,750 6,927

256

7,897

1,45,594 4,234

Lbs. 11,200

561

5,794 67,336 640 4,560

583

69,960 220

592

1,801

2,70,753 4,350

416

57,202 1,593

193

51,469

367

47,609

9,956

20,247

2,223

2,040

1,708

129

625

66,900

20,168

72,049

38,957

33,919

47,886

7,69,603

76,53,092

6,21,406

21,32,395

12,09,550

38,72,873

7,32,732

53,69,686

6,92,550

65,11,106

8,87,810

88,38,917

84,22,695

27,53,801

50,82,423

01,02,418

72,03,656

96,76,727

بیاری

398

0 3,085.

1,825

1,455

2,000

8,655

1,475

212

531

367

34,524

Calcutta Custom-flouse, 17 August 1844,

(signed)

E. Currie, Coll. P. Bonnaud, Acc.

[ 37

459

(7.)-TRADE WITH CHINA FROM BENGAL.

1839-40.

EXPORTS.

1840-41.

1841-42.

1842-43.

from Bengal.

Trade with China

Appendix.

1843-44.

MERCHANDISE.

QUANTITY.

VALUE.

QUANTITY.

VALUE.

QUANTITY.

VALUE.

QUANTITY.

VALUE.

QUANTITY.

VALUE.

QUANTITY.

VALUE.

1838-39.

[ 38 ]

Cotton Piece-goods

Mixed Piece goods

Silk Piece-goods

Woollens, Shawls, &c.

Cotton Twist (Fort Glo'ster)

Sugar Saltpetre

Raw Cotton

Rice Paddy Grain

Dholl and Pease

Soojee Opium Canvas

1,147 ps. fl 50 doz.

Rs. 15,054

Rs.

285

410

1,846 ps. [282 doz.

Rs. 3,124

[1,357 ps.

28 doz.

Rs.

2,053

1,786 ps.

Rs. 2,626

Rs.

1,702 ps.

1,300

124

476

1,254

524

3,254

568

1,437 5

5,646 153

1,562 30

7,703

138

759

446

111

670

Bales

480

80,014

I. Mds.

371

368

13,653 2,18,632

73,193

2,724

14,301

21,79,086

1,38,778

14,18,409

18,044

27,229

8,050

11,758

13,031 1,60,802 12,758

64,414 16,56,447 16,946

23,511

80,591 2

1,23,434 8,68,171

5,298 à 1,49,304

52,008

76,341

59,880

27,816 30,808 14,86,550 1,95,738 80,487 12,332

1,61,744 19,57,379 18,385

190

122

100

582

671

224

230

150

588

957

456

641

712

188 1,284

1,550

2,187

1,065

1,752

2,930

4,206

1,650

2,750

900 300

1,187 425

Chests Bolts

14,642 164

1,19,75,423

4,052

18,74,445

5,852

39,47,745

11,378

84,05,784

11,988

|1,21,35,267

13,157 1,76,10,851

2,474

109

709

504

7,274

Castor Oil

I. Mds.

204 77

Elephants' Teeth

580

Ghee

79 1

1,117

288 800

449

490

8,134

87 3

1,490

862

5,791

Gunnies

No.

11,550

1,785

Hides and Skins

9,315

18,630

888

1,382

550

Putchuck

I. Mds.

4,852

51,141

6,239

Provisions

10,152

62,391 514

13,649

1,36,498

10,623

1,17,595

5,088 1

61,060

6,833

82,001

1,410

[

Rum (Bengal)

Gallons

1,329

1,019

330

248

316

Segars

1,130

175

158

4,582 158 1,451

3,000

2,557

1,279

213

Tobacco

Soap Wheat

I. Mds.

Cokl

12 1

307

4 1

120

821

4,926

517

3,193

263 2

1,791

498

3,477

300

375

•

3,400

4,750

Hemp-twine Turmeric

Arrowroot

Borase of Tincals -

RE-EXPORTS :

Cotton Piece-goods (British)

Cotton Twist (British)

Copper

Coral

Iron

Sandal-wood Tortoise-shell

Coffee - Cutch

Cochineal

Woollens

212

238

4 3 71

1 1

219

852

78,732 yds. 199 ps.

16,406

43 PB.

1 doz.

15 ps. 86 1,20,537 yds.

397 ₫ doz.

405 ps.

23,4712,600 yds.

1,404 1,376 ps.

[8,842 ps.

7,834

19,500 yds.

100 yds.

1,568

Bales

425

9,566

22,714

I. Mds.

2,050

88 }

3,226

Sa. Wt.

10,200

7,013

903

2,258

3,175

4,047

I. Mds.

2,700

3,375

929

3,764

599

1,724

9,075 1,129

8,210

2,821

232

2,849

437

4,754

1,500

1,669

75 5,843

क

2,295 3,204

Gum Myrrh

Tea

All other Exports and Re-exports

Merchandise Treasure

TOTAL

[ 39 ]

13,203

8,758

76 2

768

58,512

1,45,36,278 29,250

18,948

34,04,579 9,500

Rs. 1,45,65,528

34,14,079

1,22,053

59,98,879 1,13,960

61,12,839

2,53,311

99,21,286

1,91,971

1,40,38,291

1,49,951

2,00,23,247

99,21,286

1,40,38,291

|2,00,23,247

(signed)

E. Currie, Coll.

P. Bonnaud, Acc.

Calcutta Custom House, 17 August 1844.

Calcutta, 22 August 1844.

N.B.-A considerable portion of the opium intended eventually for the China market is shipped here for Singapore, and does not, therefore, appear in these Returns.

To the Hon. R. M. Martin, H. M. Treasurer, Hong Kong.

(signed) E. Currie.

from Bengal.

Trade with China

Appendix.

460

[ 40 ]

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and China,

(8.)-TRADE between Bombay and China from 1838 to 1843-44.

IMPORTS from China in 1838-39.

[ 41 ]

IMPORTS from China in 1839-40.

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

461

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and

VALUE.

China.

Tons. Crots. Lbs.

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE

Apparel

Beads

149 boxes, and

191

Rs.

3,669

11,520

Tons.

Crts.

Lbs.

Rs.

Beer

5 hogsheads

Apparel

Beads

655 chests

Beer

8 hogsheads

11,362

Cassia

184,048

250

21,506

28,735

Chinaware

5,876

400

Cochineal

31,053

93,223

Cassia

2,82,161

35,259

Earthenware

157

Chinaware

Cochineal

Coral

Earthenware

Eatables and Confectionery

Fireworks (China Crackers) Indigo

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth

Marine Stores

Mats

Medicines and Drugs

Metals:

Copper, American

Tin

Oil, of Sorts

Piece Goods:

Nails

Old White

British, White China Silk

Perfumery

Shawls -

Plate, Plated Ware, and Jewellery -

Rattans or Canes

Silk, Raw

Spirits

Spices, Mace -

302 number

100 bundles

68,711

13,219

89,663

900

6,271

Eatables and Confectionery

Fireworks (China Crackers) Glass-ware

Grain, of Sorts

2,867

434 chests

13,030 bags

4,843

246

81,180

20,048

Hardware and Cutlery

1,815 chests

19,077

3,863

3,291

1,808

Hemp Indigo Mats

339

2,409

2,035

20 bundles

275

1,605

Medicines and Drugs

838

38,137

770 bundles

19,451

Metals:

11,568

1,68,903

Copper

Old

White.

105

84,360

Tin

484

Lead, White

15,024

6,451

2,502

Piece Goods:

British Printed

China Silk

1,050 pieces

19,082 pieces

2 cases

6,875 pieces 23,741 pieces

371

Plate, Plated Ware, and Jewellery

22,880 3,51,288

5,804

2,240

16,153

Precious Stones, Pearls -

Rattans or Canes

Silk, Raw

Spirits, Gin - Spices, Mace

400

Stationery

5,39,171 12,85,761

10,232 gallons

9,326

1,466

2,932

Sugar

Sugarcandy

Summerheads or Umbrellas

Stationery

Sugar

Sugarcandy

34,997

Sundries

35,431

42,683

3,04,222

Tea

•

3,59,399

Tortoise-shells Chip

Summerheads or Umbrellas

2,826 chests

77,905

Sundries

Tea

Tobacco, American

Cheroots

Vermillion

Wine

Wood, of Sorts

1,078 boxes

8,246 bundles

620 gallons

Merchandise

Treasure

Gold

Silver

TOTAL

88,285

3,47,640

1,50,124

Tobacco, American

Cheroots

Vermillion

2,116

1,586

21,560

Wine

11,760

1,490

Wood, of Sorts

Woollens

254

33,83,042

Rs. 9,95,918

- 1,26,26,394

Rs. 1,70,05,354

1,36,22,312

3,101

1,016

10,378

118

4,500

1,14,456

5,475

5,000

600 bundles

190,609 4,56,662

855 gallons

806

1,161

2,327

23,014

3,054

10,243

25,520

1,43,067

183 chests

5,451

22,027

191,416

66,452

2,380

1,218

1,037

139

1,292 boxes

25,840

- 8,753 bundles

23,662

and boxes.

137 gallons

168

30 number, and

481

20 pieces

Merchandise

1,325

810

•

12,28,305

Treasure

Gold

Silver

Rs. 2,500

28,42,681

28,45,181

TOTAL

Rs. 40,73,486

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and

China.

Apparel

Beads

Cassia

Chinaware

[ 42 ]

IMPORTS from China in 1840-41.

*Coffee

Cochincal

Earthenware, of Sorts

Eatables and Confectionery

Fireworks

Ghee

Glass, Looking and Window

Gum, of Sorts

Hardware and Cutlery

Hemp

Indigo

Leather and Saddlery

Marine Stores

Medicines and Drugs

Metals:

Brass, Sheet

Copper, Old

Tin

White

Oil, of Sorts -

Pepper

Perfumery and Toys

Piece Goods:

China Cotton

Silk

Cashmere Shawls

Plate, Plated Ware, Jewellery, and

Watches

Precious Stones:

Pearls

Coral

Saltpetre Silk, Raw

Spirits, Gin-

Spices:

Mace

Nutmegs

Stationery

Sugar

Sugarcandy

Summerheads or Umbrellas

Sundries Tea

Tobacco

Cheroots

Vermillion

Wine, of Sorts

Wood, of ditto

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

Rs.

7,827

20,065

Apparel Beads

Beer

Cassia

Tons.

Chet.

Lbs.

225 bundles and

370

5,23,403

64,153

5,265

19,037

3,829

370

14,818

1,175 chests

16,429

156

3,937

201

870

192

20,466

22,779

38,438 pieces

5,598 pieces

49 number

532 gallons

3,710

11,824

1,26,923

750

109

479

1,103

15,770

205

2,107 1,052

Chinaware Cochineal

[ 43 ]

IMPORTS from China in 1841-42.

Eatables and Confectionery Fireworks

Glass, Looking and Window Gum, of Sorts

Hardware and Cutlery

Indigo

Medicines and Drugs

Metals:

Copper, American

Old

White

Sheet

Tile and Plate

Lead, Pig and Sheet Spelter

Tin

Oil, Cassia

Pepper, Long Perfumery and Toys

Piece Goods:

British White China Cotton

Silk Shawls -

Plate, Plated Ware, Jewellery, and

Watches Precious Stones, Cornelians

4,41,473

85,373

1,202

7,050

2,907

487

240

9,06,687 25,83,110

Rattans or Canes

432

Silk, Raw

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

Tons. Crot.

Lbs.

Rs.

10,816

126 chests and

214

11,808

[7,85,146

77,127

7,885

2,204

7,059

3,019

381 boxes

6,210

3,727

2,075

781

34,863

2 cases and

22,868

29,561 1,33,234

1,614 pieces 4,263 pieces 19,105 pieces 5 pieces

00 C

16,383

1,945

2,647

11,814

4,275

1,687

426

9,794

4,534

128

1,398

1,280

6,174

36,942

3,08,194

135

462

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and China.

5,924

290

2,000 bundles

1,688 gallons

303

8,29,4101 22,20,654

2,436

Spirits

Spices:

Mace Nutmegs

Stationery

Sugar - Sugarcandy

Summerheads or Umbrellas

4,249

8,498

16,542

28,947

59,488

79,203 49,992

996 chests and]

5,52,087

6,51,147

32,423

6,211 numbers

1,28,138

5,34,728

3,32,986

Tobacco

Cheroots Tortoise Shell

Vermillion

Wine, of Sorts Woollens

16,810 bundles

2,292 gallons

5 pieces.

831

308 boxes

6,160

207

18,700

8,926

Merchandise

47,59,100

Treasure

Gold Silver

Rs. 5,000

56,66,858

56,71,858

TOTAL

Rs. 1,04,30,958

1,469

9,236

875

1,315

83,931

58,284 32,074

4,50,559

4,28,832

2,024 number

1,640 chests

45,773

1,22,251

8,52,317 5,039

3,73,497

Sundries

710 boxes

bundles

74,717- and

649 14,200

1,04,922

Tea

boxes

357 gallons

3,561 pieces and

1,017

859 7,808

Merchandise

50,72,669

Treasure

Gold Silver

TOTAL

Rs. 6,236

53,66,951

53,73,187

Rs. 1,04,45,856

The produce chiefly of Java and Ceylon, but imported in China ships.

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and China.

[ 44 ]

IMPORTS from China in 1842-43.

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

[ 45 ]

IMPORTS from China in 1843-44.

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

463

VALUE.

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and

China.

Tons.

Crots. Lbs.

Apparel

Beads

1,079 bund., and

630

China and Earthenware

Rs.

8,824

92,966

Tons.

Crets.

Lbs.

Rs.

55,786

Cochineal

• Coffee

Eatables and Confectionery Fireworks

Glass, of Kinds

800

2,600

Apparel Beads Betelnut

15,747

46,605

61,146

1,143

110

4,671

8,857

Beer

9 hogsheads

450

19,688

8,843 chests

54,691

China and Earthenware Cochineal

81,256

5,810

11,620

Coir

550

2,081

4,524

Gum, of Sorts

Eatables and Confectionery

34,568

102

8,414

Fireworks

6,084 chests

82,478

Hardware and Cutlery

Hemp

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth

Jewellery

Marine Stores

Medicines and Drugs

Metals:

Copper, American

3,508

Glass, of Kinds

8,217

159

Gum, of Sorts

107

2,917

Hardware and Cutlery

8,524

4,354

Hemp

195

140

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth

125

24,744

194 1,81,316

Indigo

11,438

5,569

Jewellery and Watches

6,256

Liquors

9 dozens

108

119

1,07,879

Old-

949

White

9,596

Tin

41,172

6 dozens, and

749 pieces

86,045 pieces

4 pieces

481 boxes

14,108 cases

2,908 bundles

108 dozens

469 gallons

100 pieces

Oil, of Sorts

Perfumery and Toys

Piece Goods:

Cotton

Silk

Shawls

Plated Ware

Silk, Raw

Spices:

Cassia

Mace

Nutmegs Pepper

7,18,376

5,466 17,97,841

13,71,859

2,858 2,524

2,17,826

11,045

4,419

675

Ditto, Long

334

Spirits, Gin

2,470 gallons

2,579

Stationery

Sugar

43,642

Sugarcandy

49,249 23,879

4,96,456

5,26,554

Sundries

Tea

Tobacco, Cigars

Twist

1,71,074

6,79,317

4,35,787

9,620

660

Umbrellas

Vermillion

94,646 14,150

Wines :

Champagne

Lisbon Sherry

2,160

703

2 quarter casks -

Wood Woollens

11 pieces, and -

101

2,771 1,912

49,64,385

Rs.

1,61,490 1,49,53,254

1,51,04,744

Rs. 2,00,69,129

133

1,037

Marine Stores

Medicines and Drugs

Metals:

Brass, Old Coper, American

Old

3,362

20,932

1,93,136

453

113

1,13,560

4,733

225

White

Tin

7,202

18,114

5,096

5,46,693 160

825

Oil, of Sorts -

Piece Goods:

China Cotton China Silk

Shawls

British, Plain

Precious Stones, Pearls

Plated Ware

Quicksilver

Silk, Raw Spirits, Gin Spices:

Cassia

Cardamoms

Mace

Nutmegs

Pepper, Long Stationery Sugar - Sugarcandy Sundries Saddlery Tea Tobacco

Cigars

Twist, British

Toys

Umbrellas

18 gals. and 59 D.

30,646 pieces

1,051

Dyed

Printed

890 pieces

14 pieces

756 pieces

398 pieces

10,507

4,31,812

780

1.913

1,198

195 pieces

975

2,500

21,206

36,044 7,83,662

72,088

16,00,750

1,240 gallons

1,240

8,34,2901

1,56,028

77 5663

2,275

1,133

12,347

11,233

933

34,843

64 883

5,83,883

20,521

2,80,671

3,79,130

160

6,54,468

4,09,183

197

8,031

178

49,960

1,230

1,515

101

3,938 chests

1,11,832

Merchandise

Treasure.

(Gold

Silver

TOTAL

Vermillion

Wine, Lisbon Wood, of Sorts Woollen

44,460 bundles

44.460

205 gallons

1,054

74 pieces, and

141

2,908

15 pieces -

300

Merchandise

48,77,606

Treasure

Gold Silver

Rs. 17,23,227 2,75,06,783

2,92,30,010

TOTAL

* The produce chiefly of Java and Ceylon, but imported in China ships.

Bombay Custom-House,

6 August 1844.

H. H. Glass,

Rs. 3,41,07,616

Collector of Customs.

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and China.

Apparel

Beer

[ 46 ]

EXPORTS to China in 1838-39.

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

Tons. Crots.

Lbs.

Rs.

1,200

4 hogsbeads

288

Cotton

184,089 bales

6,76,72,812

92,71,593

Beer

Guns:

Olibanum

Other Sorts

Hardware and Cutlery Horns, Gynda

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth

Medicines and Drugs

Mother-o'-Pearl Shells

Oil, of Sorts -

Opium

Precious Stones :

Cornelians

Pearls

Piece Goods:

Coffee

1,400

6,073

177

770

1,752

111

1,162

457

77,593

12,209

1,888

16,147

3,015

17,353 chests

1,58,47,400

66,250 7,11,357

Cashmere Shawls

11 number

4,225

Country, of Sorts

3,115 pieces

14,320

Safflower

104

735

Salt

160

400

Sharkfins and Fishmaws -

9,090

3,69,041

Spices, of Sorts

231

Spirits

139 gallons

193

Stationery

1,500

Sundries

Wine

767 gallons

Wood, Sandal

15,800

103

Woollens

300 pieces

245 2,322 2,51,113 6,900

Merchandise Treasure, Silver

2,66,68,034 17,000

TOTAL

Rs. 2,66,85,034

Apparel Beer Cotton

Eatables and Confectionery

Glass, of Sorts

Gum Olibanum

Horns, Gynda

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth

Leather and Saddlery

Medicines and Drugs

Metals, Copper Sheathing

Mother-o'-Pearl Shells

Oil, of Sorts

Opium

Precious Stones:

Cornelians

Pearls

Perfumery and Toys

Piece Goods:

EXPORTS to China in 1839-40.

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

Tons.

Crts.

Lbs.

Rs.

1,075

21 hogsheads 7,9,661 bales

1,272

2,91,68,699

50,06,830

402

725

1,052

6,732

1,666

291

61,126

483

110

9,831

1,600

800

4,641

103 chests

1,93,000

British, White -

145 pieces

Country, of sorts

2,530

Sharkfins and Fishmawe

5,434

Spirits, Brandy

72 gallons

Sundries

Wine

Wood, of Sorts

827 gallons

[ 47 ]

EXPORTS to China in 1840-41.

QUANTITY.

WEIGH T.

VALUE.

Coir and Coir Rope Cotton

Eatables and Confectionery

Gums:

Olibanum

Other Sorts Hardware and Cutlery Horns, Gynda

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth Leather and Saddlery Marine Stores Medicines and Drugs Metals:

Iron, British Bar

Hoop -

Mother-o'-Pearl Shells

Oil of Sorts

Opium

Precious Stones :

Cornelians

Pearls

Piece Goods:

British, Printed

White

Cashmere Shawls Country of Sorts

Perfumery and Toys

Sharkfins and Fishmaws

Spices, Almonds

Spirits, Brandy Sundries Wine, of Sorts Wood, of Sorts

33hhds.

83,765 bales

12,022 chests

360 pieces

21 pieces

19 number

551 pieces

Tons.

Crets. Lbs.

Rs.

1,836

272

28 3,37,11,049

225

48,77,869

1,803

255

2,135

383

1,585

800

101

4,313

206

32,478

100

600

482

19,655

943

190

3,654

1,764 5,400

87,36,847

91,887

1,47,709

2,640

168

1,130

2,910

350

7,568

3,855 gallons

1,455 gallons

9,451

3,88,446

150 7,692

20,759

8,304

85 2,66,014

Apparel Beer Cochineal

Cotton

Earthenware

Merchandise Treasure, Silver

TOTAL

EXPORTS to China in 1841-42.

QUANTITY.

WEIGH T.

1,46,26,597 10,000

Rs. 1,46,36,597

VALUE.

Tons.

Crots. Lbs.

Rs.

924

12 hhds.

695

128,910 bales -

14,833

4,74,09,464

50,850

63,08,196

2,455

820

220

2,648

1 case

100

1,297

6,286

101

1,933

370

171

3,738

112

17,695

240

160

20,041

...

175

1,329

162

841

1,03,22,215

(continued)

止

32,803 5,25,720

650

1,200

10,300

2,59,222

311

1,869

3,770

5,673

86,077

Merchandise Treasure, Silver

62,11,605

1,30,800

TOTAL

Rs.

63,42,405

Eatables and Confectionery

Ghee

Glass, Looking and Window Guns and Pistols

Gums:

Olibanum

Other Sorts Hardware and Cutlery Horns, Gynda

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth Leather and Saddlery Medicines and Drugs Mother-o'-Pearl Shells Oil, of Sorts - Opium

1 case and

14,043 chests

464

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and

China.

Appendix.

Trade between

Bombay and

China.

[ 48 ]

Exports to China in 1841-42-continued.

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

[ 49 ]

EXPORTS to China in 1842-43--continued.

QUANTITY.

405

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and

WEIGH 1.

VALUE.

China,

Tons.

Crots.

Lbs.

Rs.

110

Precious Stones:

Cornelians

Pearls

Piece Goods:

British, White

Silk

Country of Sorts

Silk

Plate, Plated Ware, Jewellery, and

Watches.

Perfumery and Toys

Spirits of Sorts

Sharkfins and Fishmaws

5,433 pieces

180 pieces 117 pieces 371 pieces

Tons. Cwts. Lbs.

Rs.

18,797 3,10,197

21,092

1,650

490

9,452

3,45,568

2,405 gallons

4,114

Stationery

Sundries

Wine, of Sorts

2,300

33,679

4,358 gallons

23,763

Wood, of Sorts

14,002

2,49,157

Woollens, British

755 pieces

22,069

Merchandise Treasure, Silver

TOTAL

1,77,85,022 4,765

1,550

125

2,875

Perfumery and Toys

Piece Goods:

Dyed Cotton Printed ditto Plain ditto Silk

Country Cottons Shawls, Cashmere

Plate and Plated Ware Precious Stones, Pearls. Sharkfins and Fishmaws Silk, Raw Spirits:

Arrack Brandy Rum

Whiskey

Stationery Sundries

160 pieces 405 pieces

1,110

5,052

2,023 pieces

1,176 pieces

387 pieces

51 number

14,715

20,359

2,007

7,440

1,200

4,59,054

9,120

2,78,418

300

1,094 gallons 2,863 gallons

122 gallons

40 gallons

694

5,906

122

6,461

26,398

Tea

600

360

Tobacco

234

Rs. 1,77,89,787

Cigars

119 boxes

348

Tortoise Shell

683

5,155

Wines:

EXPORTS to China in 1842-43.

Champagne Claret Madeira Port

15 dozens

41 dozens

47 dozens

785 gallons

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

Sherry

Wood, of Kinds

Woollens, British

Apparel Becr

Betelnut

China and Earthenware

330

620

549

3,510

12 doz.& 911 gals.

4,473

14,117

773 pieces

2,61,021 8,391

Merchandise Treasure, Silver

TOTAL

2,71,04,466 750

Rs. 2,71,05,216

Cochineal

Coffee

Coir

Cornelians or Agates

Cotton

Eatables and Confectionery

Ghee

Glass, of Kinds

Grain

Gums:

Animi

Arabic

Olibanum

Other Sorts.

Hardware and Cutlery Horns

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth

Leather and Saddlery

Marine Stores

Medicines and Drugs

Metals:

Copper, Bolt-

Nails

Sheathing

Tile

Iron, British, Nail-

Tin

Plate

Rod

Sheet

Lead, Pig and Sheet

Oil, of Sorts -

Opium

Paint, Red Lead

T'ons. Crts.

Lbs.

Rs.

4,638

40 hhds. & 282 doz.

4,215

130

24,766 1,680 84

78,889

408

168

67,253

2,12,661 bales -

7,64,44,744

94,89,441

EXPORTS to China in 1843-44.

2,164

300

QUANTITY.

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

200 bags

1,000

213

6,102

Tons.

Cwts. Lbs.

Rs.

3,974

23,697

1,981

13,900

Apparel Beer

Beads -

2,563

675 dozens

2,538

123

3,907

China Earthenware

300

116

360

109

7,418

Coffee

336

49,610

Cotton

259,051bales -

- 9,50,22,855 1,07,17,945

Coir

100

405

136

Coral

4,000

1 case and

1,015

35,777

Cornelians or Agates

66,586

Eatables

3,503

Fishmaws

3,979

244 2,78,617

1,032

Glass, of Sorts

840

1,547

Gums :

3,566

10,936

Olibanum

Other, of Sorts

2,643

1,232

Hardware and Cutlery

500

300 boxes

4,500

5,999

2,873.

18,241 chests

1,61,59,002

Horns

Ivory, Elephants' Teeth

Jewellery and Watches Liqueurs

Medicines and Drugs

12 dozen

3,600

6,430

31,082

2,546

17,083

665

250

9,824

880

1,16,212

235

240

1,134

46,509

(continued)

486

Appendix.

Trade between Bombay and

China.

Report on the Tea

Trade.

Copper Sheathing

Metals:

Copper Nails -

Iron, Old

Iron, Kentledge

Tin Plate

Mother of Pearl Shells

Oil, of Sorts

Opium

Paint

Piece Goods:

Dyed Cotton

Plain Cotton

Silk, Country

Silk, China

Shawls, Cashmere

Precious Stones, Pearls

Sharkfins

Saddlery

Spirits

Sundries

Wine, Sherry

Wood, of Sorts

Woollen, British

Bombay Custom House,

5 August 1844.

[ 50 ]

EXPORTS to China in 1843-44-continued.

To the Hon. R. M. Martin,

QUANTITY.

25 boxes

22,461 chests

100 pieces

3,311 pieces

1,124 pieces

461 pieces

2, number

WEIGHT.

VALUE.

Tons.

Crets.

Lbs.

Rs.

119

4,764

600

375

538

3,362

300

- 2,69,41,880

730

1,096

19,448

9,961

3,594

1,200

3,19,877

8,478

1,82,134

850

279 23,694

3,689

5,007

551 pieces

64,378 7,890

Merchandise. Horses

3,88,85,919 1,500

TOTAL

Rs. 3,88,87,410

H. H. Glass,

Collector of Customs.

Her Majesty's Treasurer, China.

25 gallons

1701 doz.&112gals.]

(9.)

REPORT on the TEA TRADE, transmitted to Her Majesty's Government from China, in July 1845.-By R. M. Martin.

THE traffic in an innutritious herb, grown almost solely in one district of Asia, and in a country hitherto isolated from the western nations, is one of the most remarkable illustrations of the enterprize and energy of modern commerce. A trade involving British capital to the extent of about 10,000,000l. sterling, furnishing regular employment to about 60,000 tons. of first-class English-built shipping, contributing nearly 5.000,000. sterling of annual revenue to the Exchequer, and influencing materially the morals and sobriety of the nation, deserves investigation in detail, as regards its rise, progress, and present condition.

The tea plant, although found in different parts of the eastern hemisphere, is probably indigenous to China, or Japan, where it is extensively cultivated. The earliest record to be found of the use of tea is in the records of the Moorish historians and travellers in the end of the eighth century, at which period the Mahommedans had free ingress and residence in China, subject to very few restrictions.

Ibn Batuta mentions that the emperor received the revenues from salt; that paper money, bearing the government stamp, was current in the country; and that the general drink of the people was prepared by immersing the leaves of a small plant in hot water, which was used medicinally as well as for correcting the bad properties of the water.

Soliman, an Arabian merchant, who visited China, A. D. 850, describes "sah" (tea), as the usual beverage of the people.

Texeira, a Spaniard, in 1600, saw dried leaves (of tea) at Malacca, which were in use among the Chinese. Olearius, in 1633, found the use of tea pretty general among the Persians, who procured it from China by means of the Usbeck Tartars. The Russian am- bassador (Stawkaw) to the court of the Mogul Chau Shau Attyn, partook of tea, and at his departure he was offered it for the Czar Michael Romanoff, which he refused, not knowing of what use it would be in Russia.

Of the first introduction of tea into Europe we know but little. In 1517, Emmanuel, King of Portugal, sent a fleet of eight ships to China, and an ambassador to Pekin, who obtained permission to open a trade; but it was not until after the formation of the Dutch East India Company in 1602, that the use of tea became known on the continent, and although

[ 5 ]

Appendix.

Trade.

although the enterprizing Hollanders paid considerable attention to it, as an article of com- merce, the consumption increased but little, for in 1670 it was unknown in Dort. The Dutch, in their second voyage to China, bought a good deal of tea, at from 8 d. to 10d. per Report on the Tea pound (the price at the present day), which, although of a middling quality, sold in Paris for 30 livres a pound; and for some years the best Japanese tea, esteemed as much better than that of China, brought from 100 to 200 livres per pound in France, until the use of coffee and chocolate became fashionable and general.

The first authentic notice to be found of tea in England, is in an Act of Parliament (12 Car. II, c. 23) A. D. 1660, by which a duty of 8d. per gallon was laid on all tea made and sold in coffee-houses; and by an Act framed in the same year the duties of excise on malt liquor, cyder, perry, meal, spirits, or strong waters, coffee, tea, sherbet, and chocolate. were settled on the king for life. In the diary of Mr. Pepys, secretary of the Admiralty, there is found under date 25th September 1661, the following memorandum relative to tea "I sent for a cup of tea, a Chinese drink, of which I had never drank before." In 1662, Charles the Second married the Princess Catherine of Portugal, who it is said was fond of tea, having been accustomed to it in her own country, hence it became fashionable in Eugland. Waller, in a birth-day ode on her Majesty, ascribes the introduction of the herb to the queen in the following lines:

"The best of queens and best of herbes we owe

To that bold nation who the way did show. To the fair region where the sun doth rise, Whose rich productions we so justly prize."

The same poet attributes an inspiring power to the Chinese leaf:

"The muses' friend, tea, does our fancy aid,

Repress those vapours which the head invade."

In 1660 tea was sold in England at three guineas per pound. The following copy of an advertisement in 1680, shows the price of the leaf, and the mode of vending it to the public:

"These are to give notice to persons of quality, that a small parcel of most excellent tea is by accident fallen into the hands of a private person to be sold; but that uone may be disappointed, the lowest price is thirty shillings a pound, and not any to be sold under a pound weight, for which they are desired to bring a convenient box. Enquire at Mr. Thomas Eagle's, at the King's Head, in St. James's Market."-London Gazette, 16 De- cember 1680.

In 1666 Lords Arlington and Ossory brought a quantity of tea from Holland; its price in England then was 60s. per pound. About this period, the East India Company being desirous of presenting a rarity to his Majesty, procured 22 lbs. of tea, which was thought a valuable offering to royalty.

Heretofore the small quantity used in England was obtained from the Continent; for in 1634, some English ships having visited Canton, a rupture took place between our seamen and the Chinese, and trade was for some time interdicted; but in 1668 the Court of Directors, in the despatch to their factories at Bantam in Java, ordered them to send home by their ships 100 lbs, weight of the best tea they could get. And accordingly, in 1669, the East India Company's first invoice of tea was received, amounting to two canisters of 143 lbs. Such was the commencement of a trade which, by the most judicious manage- ment, has now risen to an importation of upwards of 50,000,000 lbs. weight. That a careful proportioning of the supply to the demand was absolutely necessary, will be evident from the following fact, which at this early period operated as a warning to the Company, and has since proved highly beneficial to the commerce. In 1678 the East India Company imported 4,713 lbs. of tea; but this then large quantity completely glutted the market, for the imports of tea during the ensuing six years amounted in all to only 318 lbs. In 1680 the Company opened a direct trade with China,

In 1689 the old mode of levying the duty on tea, viz. by the quantity made in the coffee- houses, being found very uncertain as well as vexatious, an Act of 1 Gul. & Mar., sess. 2, c. 6, fixed a custom duty of 5s. a pound, together with the former sum of five per cent. on the value.

For some time the consumption of tea slowly increased in England, in consequence of the high rate of duty, which was sometimes as high as 200 per cent. on the sale price.

A considerable degree of smuggling arose, which was only put down by lowering the taxation. During the years 1697, 1698, and 1699, the East India Company imported on an average 20,000 lbs. of tea annually. In 1700 the importation was augmented to. 60,000 lbs. a year, the average price of tea being 168. per pound. In 1721 the importation of tea into England exceeded for the first time 1,000,000 lbs.; and at the September sale in 1728, the quantity put up for sale was 769,104 lbs., the duty on which amounted to 153,820. sterling.

The bill of cargo of the Cæsar, which arrived from China 17th May 1726, has entered in it 358,000 lbs. oftea, the duty on which was 71,620 4 sterling. Since the commencement of the present century the annual consumption of tea in the United Kingdom has increased. by upwards of 20,000,000 of pounds, while its use during the same period has been decreasing in Europe and America. In the space of 100 years, from 1710 to 1810, there were sold at the East India Company's sales 750,219,016 lbs. of tea, the value of which was 129,804,595 l. sterling. Of this quantity of tea 116,470,675 lbs. were re-exported. Since the commencement of the present century, 1,385,949,566 lbs. of tea have been sold in England,

407

Appendix.

Report on the Tea Trade.

[ 52

England, and there has been paid into the British Exchequer about £. 167,643,702 sterling on the above-mentioned quantity of tea!

The following Table will explain the rise and progress of the British tea trade, in reference. to the quantity of tea annually exported from 1669 to 1845, the quantity sold or retained for consumption, the rate of duty levied thereon, the amount of revenue paid yearly into the British Exchequer, the price per lb., &c.

The exports from China for the seasons commencing 1st July and ending 30th June 1844, 1845, and 1846, were-

1 8 4 4.

1845.

1846.

[ 53 ]

The distribution of tea to different parts of the United Kingdom is thus shown for 1844:

London, 60 vessels, containing Liverpool, 25 ditto

Dublin, 4 ditto

Clyde, 4

Bristol, 2

ditto

Leith, 2

ditto

Hull, 1

ditto

Belfast, 1

ditto

Lbs. 33,436,887 110,108,552

1,143,471

1,716,142

1,060,978

478,089

423,143

252,000

Appendix.

Report on the Tea Trade.

Congou*

Caper

Lbs. 38,508,849

Souchong

Black-leaf Pekoe

Pouchong

Sorts

498,066 1,562,603 273,827

Lbs. 34,878,261 1,355,025 1,372,508

Lbs.

137,061

47,525

Flowery Pekoe

Orange ditto

Total Black Tea

54,920 453,277 1,105,978

42,547,520

414,546

534,751

1,796,542

40,476,919 -

Ireland is largely supplied from Liverpool, but Dublin now imports direct from China nearly one-third of the quantity of the tea used in Ireland.

While the East India Company had the monopoly of the trade, their shipments were made at one period of the year, viz., in November, December, January, and February; and latterly the select committee at Canton purchased during the spring, at low prices, the teas which were left unsold at the usual period, and which were termed winter teas; this, how- ever, was only done to a limited extent, lest an inferior article should be imported. Now the trade is more equally diffused over the whole year, although the best seasons for sailing from China to England are from November to February; during which period also the bulk of the teas arrive in Canton, and command the largest exports. The diffusion of exports. throughout the year will be seen by the following returns for 1844.

TEAS Exported from China to Great Britain between 1 July 1843 and 30 June 1844, in 96 Ships. (Saghalien and City of Derry loading.)

Twankay

Hyson Skin

Hyson

Young Hyson

Imperial

Gunpowder

4,079,147 575,801 1,274,123 1,465,177

2,951,474 292,052

2,103,185

2,963,697

597,678 1,304,531

1,233,328

2,315,691

TOTAL

9,296,547

11,859,427

51,844,067 lbs., in 101 ships. 52,336,946 lbs., in 103

Total for 1844

})

1845 1846

were scarce.

During 1844-45 ninety-five ships loaded at Canton, seven at Shanghai, and one at Hong Kong, to which latter place some tea had been brought from the northward, where freights The cargo of the barque "Nautilus," the first vessel that loaded at the northern ports under the new Treaty, consisted of, Congou, 144,545 lbs.; Pekoe, 575 lbs.; Twankay, 87,770 lbs.; Hyson Skin, 3,413 lbs.; Hyson, 414 lbs.; Young Hyson, 7,630 lbs. ; Gunpower, 1,351 lbs.; Imperial, 721 lbs. Total, 246,545 lbs.

*11,193 lbs. of Bohea are included in this.

July August September October November December January February March April

May

June

IMPORT DELIVERIES and STOCK OF TEA in the United Kingdom, ending 31 December 1845, 1844, and 1843.

DATE.

Bohea.

Congou.

Caper.

Souchong and Campoi.

Black-leaf

Pekoe

and H. Muey.

Flowery Pekoe.

Orange Pekoe.

Sorts,

Total Black.

Lbs.

Lbs. 1,409,868

Lbs.

1,610

Lbs.

44,402

Lbs.

Lbs. 34,100

Lbs. 42,550

Lbs.

1,532,530

367,106

8,018

375,124

755,020

TOTAL

3,935,545 18,387 5,968,774 29,531 4,725,895 80,842 5,234,968 46,311 4,155,958 127,900 9,540 3,207,845 104,667 1,653 | 2,929,938 19,074

4,059,905 1,565,996

11,193 38,316,818

6,200 04,929

761,220

5,079

260,253 64,112 172,224 124,811 64,985

20,082

182,291 80,429 41,188

118,189

453

4,354,873

275,841 5,195

6,084,135

232,849

5,273,080

17,686

84,552

8,208

5,581,021

299,252

88,762

19,145

232,244 2,216

4,875,477

114,294

3,866

23,599

36,884 21,783

3,522,478

104,235

9,749

40,586

5,693

4,208

3,115,136

62,715 7,028

498,065

334,308 67,192

14,253

9,500 13,565

4,561,438

8,195

57,750 1,100

1,640,069

1,562,603 273,827 453,277 1,104,070 56,728 42,276,581

Hyson.

Young Hyson. Hyson Skin.

Twankay.

Imperial. Gunpowder. Total Green, GRAND TOTAL.

DATE.

IMPORTS.

DELIVERIES.

Stock 31 December.

Lbs.

39,555

Lbs. 222,655

1845.

1844.

1843.

1845.

1844.

1843.

1845.

1844.

1843.

Lbs.

Lbs. 12,336 410,430 41,365

6,115

Lbs.

61,884

788,225

6,115

Lbs. 2,320,755 881,239 761,220

July. August.

50,951

236,296

20,232 294,745

48,764

106,121

757,109

5,111,982

Lbs.

Bolea, Canton

Lbs.

Lbs. 72,000 134,000 152,000

Ditto, Fokein

Congou

Pouchong

Caper

35,328,000 33,739,000 764,000 2,493,000 434,000 352,000

Lbs.

Lbs. 152,000 218,000 26,000 9,000 33,282,000 29,865,000

Lòs.

Lbs.

29,793

307,771

113,748

19,097

62,436

532,845

7,216,980

September. October. November.

434,000 3,000 29,823,000 27,777,000

514,000

12,000

45,882

151,483

16,582

134,823

63,227

141,407

553,404

5,826,484

December.

107,408

70,039

96,948 280,042

109,554

275,171

989,162

6,520,183

January.

1,426,000 1,649,000

1,096,000 1,758,000

392,790

176,764 102,823 1,064,887

170,677

298,634 2,206,575

7,082,002

February.

407,000 357,000

282,000 255,000

208,974

155,741

199,147 521,480

45,209

93,690

1,224,241

4,746,719 March.

Souchong

1,350,000

1,085,000

944,000 1,073,000

1,376,000

970,000

346,754

51,551

Flower and Black Leaf Pekoe and

H. Muey

Orange Pekoe

Twankay

3,543,000

Sorts

Hyson Skin

Hyson

Young Hyson

Imperial and Gunpowder

For Exportation only

505,000

1,460,000

1,332,000

1,827,000

538,000 759,000 995,000 855,000 3,431,000 316,000 1,545,000 860,000 1,141,000

723,000 777,000

849,000

534,000

26,252

33,220

996,000 1,146,000

378,000

379,000

19,442

23,734

51,145 470,273 23,537 31,520 391,323

23,012

95,905

340,631

37,814

96,501

34,318

63,138

1,338,640 557,455 563,481

4,153,770 April.

5,118,893 2,203,544

May.

June.

203,000 141,000

TOTAL

Lbs.

42,000 2,000

48,393,000 46,853,000

3,740,000 3,241,000

379,000

230,000 1,608,000 2,419,000 1,325,000 1,163,000 1,456,000 3,935,000 118,000 125,000 112,000 73,000

46,077,000 44,297,000

39,107,000 37,391,000

2,390,000

2,587,000

423,000 297,000 878,000 1,026,000 529,000 522,000 806,000 435,000 230,000 145,000 110,000 160,000

1,429,254 1,429,254

560,885 | 4,022,382

592,537 1,294,887 9,167,252 51,443,833 TOTAL.

Black

Green

39,644,000 39,513,000

38,092,000 35,243,000

8,749,000 7,340,000

8,585,000 9,054,000

33,968,000 32,416,000 5,139,000 4,975,000

The

The tea trade of Canton, 1841-42, was not interrupted by the war which we were waging against the Chinese Government in the north of China, although we had destroyed the forts of the Bocca Tigris in the Canton River 7th January, captured the defences of Canton City. on 19th March, and compelled the city of Canton to capitulate and pay 6,000,000 dollars on the 25th and 30th of May 1841. Amoy was stormed and taken on the 26th August

1841.

Appendix.

Report on the Tea

Trade.

[54]

1841. On 1st October 1841 Tinghe, the capital of Chusan, was captured after an assault of two hours. Ningpoe and Chinhæ were next taken, and during the winters of 1841-42, forcibly retained in our possession. Chapoo, 16th May 1842; Shangai, 19th June 1842; yet during these proceedings 36,799,905 lbs. of tea were shipped from Canton for the United Kingdom, in 29,300 tons of British shipping, divided as equally as in the other seasons over the different months of the year, as shown in the accompanying return printed in the "Friend of China and Hong Kong Gazette, No. 11, No. 17 of 14th July 1842." This return is a complete answer to the erroneous allegation that the possession of Hong Kong by England is essential to a steady prosecution of the tea trade at Canton. Even during the blockade of Canton, and before we had any settlement at Hong Kong, the tea trade. was carried on nearly as extensively as ever, by conveying the tea to the outer anchorages. in the Canton waters in a few ships under Danish and other foreign colours, temporarily used for the purpose.

STATEMENT of the Export of TEA from Canton to the United Kingdom, commencing 1 July 1841, ending

30 June 1842.

5,534 61,210 | 137,669|111,392

Month.

Tons,

Bohea.

Congou.

Caper.

Campoi Hung Souchong. and

Anhoi. Muey.

Pekoe.

Orange

Pekoe.

Sorts,

Black,

Lbs.

July

492

41,545

August

1,380

Lbs. 416,268 609,057

Lbs.

6,974

Lbs.

3,901

Lbs.

Lbs. 2,812 13,490

Lbs.

Lbs. 484,990

6,405 97,897

September

2,546

39,9571,290,742

3,703

89,224

11,461 37,257

October

2,902

November

2,868

December

4,228

January

3,718

433,073 1,093,027 2,189,428 110,322 4,623,978 357,411 3,927,007

5,844

37,783

3,158

78,440

20,847

704,449 1,472,344 1,373 1,679,079

16,894 98,642 45,306

16,537

2,631,772

129,620

43,810

38,843

85,083 44,570

5,121,532

121,821

24,537

42,587

81,196

February

2,741

2,903,649

5,819

54,800

4,228

9,842

March

2,425

2,562,769

22,861

$6,536

450

33,180

37,977

April

617

390,947

11,966

9,093

3,669

25,491 51,031 20,028 53,265

May

3,633

3,401,971

12,212 15,747

730

June

1,750

1,098,219 114,205 38,773

29,300

982,306 24,498,061 245,784 635,940

7,958

89,540

59,076 44,932

270,124 530,155 |755,636

53,256109,090 33,917 23,510

457 4,555,016 411 3,004,240 8,848 2,753,650 488,968 $13

3,652,395 1,461,514

11,402

Total Black

- Lbs. 28,009,950

[ 55 ]

Between 1st July 1840 and 30th June 1841 there were shipped from Canton for England, black tea, 23,694,159 lbs.; green tea, 4,992,825 lbs.; total, 28,686,984 lbs.; and to the

468

Appendix.

United States, black teas, 1,524,244 lbs.; green teas, 6,030,103 lbs.; total, 7,554,347 lbs. Report on the Te A considerable portion of tea was shipped in the month of May 1841, a few days previous Trade.

to the storming of Canton; and a large portion in June 1841, immediately after the capture and ransom of that city.

The trade in tea, as well as in other articles of different foreign countries with China, will be given under their respective heads; but it may be useful for comparison to examine the importation and consumption of tea in continental Europe at former periods,

The quantity of tea consumed in Europe must formerly have been considerable, as it is stated that the quantity of tea exported from China to Europe in 1666 was 17,000,000 lbs., and that in nine years preceding 1780, there were 118,000,000 lbs. of tea imported into the Continent. The average of teas exported from China to Europe in foreign ships for nine years, viz., from March 1772 to 1780 (says another authority), was 13,191,201 lbs. ; the average number of ships, 12.

In 1785 the importation into the Continent was 19,000,000 lbs.; but in 1796 it had decreased to little more than 2,500,000 lbs. The decline of the tea trade on the Continent will be best seen by the following table, by which it will be perceived that in the latter. period there was a falling off of 97,119,724 lbs.

In 1808-9, &c., I find no account of tea exported from Canton to Europe; the amount having, I suppose, become so small for each country, the names of which are distinguished in this Table. The Americans, as will be seen under the head of "American trade with China,' became the chief carriers of tea and eastern produce during the latter years of our war with France, and this trade they still in some degree possess.

AN ACCOUNT of the Number of Pounds of TEA shipped at Canton on Board Foreign European Ships, viz. Swedish, Danish, Dutch, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Prussian, Austrian, Russian, Hamburgh, Tuscan, &c.

YEARS.

QUANTITY.

YEARS.

QUANTITY.

Lbs.

14,630,200

19,072,300

16,651,000

Lbs.

1795

1796

2,759,800

2,515,460

1797

2,714,000

15,715,900

1798

4,319,300

10,165,160

1799

1,577,066

13,578,000

1800

3,968,267

10,675,900

1801

185,533

7,174,200

1802

5,812,266

•

2,291,560

1803

1,074,266

1791

4,431,730

1804

3,318,799

1792

7,864,800

1805

1,809,466

1793

3,462,800

1806

1,534,267

1794

4,138,930

1807

1,144,266

TOTAL

Lbs.

129,852,480

TOTAL

Lbs.

32,732,756

Hyson.

Young Hyson.

Skin.

Twankay.

Gunpowder,

Imperial.

Green.

TOTAL.

Month.

1782

Lbs.

14,695

18,509

7,968

5,121

3,716

50,009

534,999

July.

1783

98,354

91,621

24,519

621,640

110,954

61,770

1,008,858

1,713,307

August.

584,123

135,452

15,507

467,626

299,818

192,379

1,694,925

1784

3,167,269

September.

294,717

464,507

106,993

398 753

186,404

81,139

1,532,513

3,211,592

October.

1785

160,141

148,605

32,603

329,015

194,032

129,915

994,311

3,626,083

November.

27,091

32,845

53,259

167,310

19,718

117,224

317,447

5,438,979 December

1786

62,011

82,833

14,480

134,910

76,350

37,279

407,863

4,962,899 January.

136,144

30,225

15,316

493,625

40,354

29,832

745,496

3,749,736 February.

1787

190,246

12,623

11,170

87,915

50,924

27,402

380,280

3,133,931

March.

65,412

45,623

24,128

15,662

170,320

659,288

April.

103,792

135,091

45,934

584,561

51,200

73,690

11,131

1,810,436.

1,209,065

327,749

295,819

3,605,305

71,682

1,149,406

40,419

687,907

995,192 402,741

4,647,587 1,954,255

May.

June.

1788

1789

1790

برینی نان

Total Green

Lbs.

8,789,954

TOTAL EXPORT

Lbs. 36,799,905

Black.

Green.

TOTAL.

Lbs.

Export to London

Ditto to Liverpool

Ditto to Cork

21,720,461 3,423,170 1,895,001

1,017,688

29,744,149

622,299

4,045,469

123,499

2,018,497

Ditto to Scotland

965,318

26,472

991,790

TOTAL

28,009,950

8,768,955

36,799,905

Between

Lbs.

Foreign Exportation, the First Period

Ditto

129,852,480

the Second Period

32,732,756

Decrease on 13 Years

Lbs.

97,119,724

Of the Portuguese tea trade I have been unable to get any data; the demand is so trifling that we know nothing of the amount, although Macao, their settlement, at the entrance of the Canton River, has long been the residence of the English tea merchants. The following Table exhibits the Dutch tea trade at an early period.

Appendix.

Report on the Tea

Trade.

[ 56 ]

Quantity of TEA exported from Canton by the Dutch, from 1783 to 1808.

YEARS.

QUANTITY.

YEAR 5.

QUANTITY,

Lbs.

1783

1790

1784

5,334,000

1797

1785

4,458,800

1798

1786

5,943,200

1799

1787

5,794,900

1800

1788

4,179,600

1801

1789

5,106,900

1802

205,333

1790

1,328,500

1803

1791

2,051,330

1804

1792

2,938,530

1805

1793

2,417,200

1800

1794

4,096,800

1807

1,144,266

1795

1808

TOTAL

Lbs.

43,649,760

TOTAL

Lbs.

1,449,599

Exportation, First Period

Ditto

Last Period

Lbs.

43,649,760

1,449,599

Lbs.

42,200,161

469

[ 57 ]

By comparing the first three years with the last three years of the Dutch trade, the decrease will be found to amount to 122,834 quarter chests; and in 1830 there were no ships sent to China.

The Dutch consul, in an address to the Governor of Canton in 1829, when there were the following ships in China; the "Peter and Karl," 300 tons; the "Teemanshop;'

Charlotte," of 150 tons; and the "Experiment," of 188 tons, trading to Java;

the while so long ago as 1747 there were six large Dutch vessels at Canton, and in 1789 there were five, all of large burthen, says, "For many years the trade of Holland with the empire of China was considerable; many ships annually came, bringing goods from Holland or its colonies ; but the principal object was always to purchase cargoes, entirely the productions of China ; and I am happy to say that no difficulties have ever existed between the two countries. Formerly our connexion was advantageous to both parties, but since the expenses and the duties which are demanded on our ships and our merchandize, whether imports or exports, have considerably increased, the cohong has not preserved the merchants which the govern- ment had fixed, from whence it results that commerce has become limited, and its advantages less, and insensibly that of Holland has so much diminished that it has become almost nothing."

The Dutch are now trying to cultivate tea in Java, and the produce this year 1844-45 is about 75,000lbs., and 1846, 992,500 lbs. ; but it is of inferior quality, and grown and manu- factured at considerable expense.

Denmark next presents itself to observation, as the Danes have been consumers of tea since the commencement of the last century; at one time, as the annexed Table will show, they exported a large quantity of tea from Canton. The duty is extremely low, viz.: two per cent, ad valorem, and the sale price, according to Mr. Consul Fenwick's report, dated Elsinore, December 1828, was for Bohea 20d., Congo 28 d. to 30 d., and Souchong 30 d. to 32d. per lb. Here also we do not find the consumption to have at all increased, but the very contrary.

QUANTITY of TEA shipped at Canton by the Danes*.

Appendix.

Report on the Tea Trade.

Decreased Exportation

After the restoration of the house of Nassau in 1815, a Dutch company was formed to carry on the tea trade; the royal proclamation announcing that it was to "prevent the trade falling into the hands of foreigners." In 1817 the company was dissolved, and the Americans and Dutch entered freely into competition for the supply of the Hollanders and Belgians with tea, "the duties (as Mr. Masterson, the vice-consul at Rotterdam, says) being so low, that the importations by Dutch and foreign flags is only about an English penny on the lower prices, and on the higher prices nothing." Mr. Masterson delivered in to the House of Commons the following Table, which demonstrates, although there was the greatest com- petition, the greatest abundance, and the lowest possible price (lower even, sometimes, than it could be bought at Canton), yet the consumption of tea did not increase, although according to theory it ought to have done so. Let it be remembered that this trade has not only been carried on without profit, but at considerable loss; that of the Dutch being 2,000,000 of florins within four years.

TEA TRADE to the Netherlands.*

YEARS.

QUANTITY.

YEARS,

QUANTITY.

1767

Lbs. 3,010,286

Lbs.

1787

2,664,000

1768

1,430,874

1788

2,496,800

1769

1,449,306

1789

1,773,000

1770

2,800,482

1790

520,000

1771

2,750,164

1791

1772

2,990,600

1792

832,000

1773

8,867,300

1793

1774

3,237,300

1794

24,670

1775

2,833,700

1795

1776

2,487,300

1796

1777

2,098,300

1797

2,504,400 1,307,800

1778

QUANTITY

1,388,400

1798

2,910,900

YEARS.

1779

BY AMERICANS.

BY THE DUTCH.

BY AMERICANS.

BY THE DUTCH.

3,983,600

1799

1,132,266

1780

2,341,400

1800

1781

4,118,500

1801

1818

Lbs. 8,508,164

Qr. Chests,+

Lbs.

Qr. Chests.

1782

5,477,200

1802

90,535

1824

1,409,992

13,023

1783

3,204,000

1803

1819

3,496,746

59,929

1825

2,036,760

37,224

1784

3,158,000

1804

963,467 185,533 1,380,266

966,133

1820

3,322,638

73,372

1826

528,264

45,768

1785

4,578,100

1805

1,739,866

1821

721,644

17,213

1827

294,030

28,038

1786

2,092,000

1806

1822

1,256,442

28,024

1828

1,111,308

46,672

1823

1,730,872

26,192

1829

353,628

26,392

Total

Lbs. 64,305,812

Total

Lbs. 21,421,101

TOTAL

14,036,506

295,265

TOTAL

4,733,982

197,117

Exportation of First Period

Dutch:

Ditto, Last Period

Lbs. 64,305,812 21,421,101

First Period's Importation Last

ditto

Decrease

Lbs. 42,884,711

Americans:

ditto

First Period's Importation Last

Qr. Chests. 295,265 197,117

Decrease

Qr. Chests

98,148

Lbs. 14,036,506 4,733,982

Decrease

Lbs.

9,802,524

† A quarter chest contains 60 lbs. English.

* House of Commons Report, page 448.

In April 1825 the stock of teas of different kinds on hand in Denmark was - In 1827 there was a direct supply of

Lbs. 484,000

717,000

Total

Lbs.

1,201,000

Macpherson's Commerce of India.

;h די

[ 58 ]

[ 59 ]

470

Appendix.

Report on the Tea Trade.

In September 1828, after the sale which supplied the market until thel

ensuing spring, there were on hand

The consumption, therefore, for four years was Or yearly

Lbs.

he}

685,000

516,000

129,000

There was, consequently, in 1828 sufficient tea in Denmark for nearly five years' con- sumption. It is a marked indication of the indispensable necessity of carefully attending to the importation of a foreign, and indeed an artificial article, such as that of tea, that in some countries in Europe the use of the tea was formerly considerable, even when its price. was great and the difficulty in procuring it enhanced; but now, when freight, insurance, &c. is low, and tea exceedingly cheap, that the importation is so extraordinarily lessened. Sweden offers a confirmation of this remark, as the following Table demonstrates; at present, I believe, there is very little tea imported.

The Swedes perhaps thought as the poet did in the two concluding lines of the following extract from the "Dessert,"

Dessert," a poem published in 1819:

Enlivening, mild, and sociable tea !

Scandal compelling Green, Pekoe, Bohea; Without thee once Philosophy could write,

And Wisdom's page the moral pen indite;

Without thee Thamosthetes their laws enacted;

Without thee thought, and taught, and dreamt, and acted :

With this celestial gift, how strange that we

Should neither better eat, nor drink, nor think, nor see."

QUANTITY OF TEA Exported from Canton by the Swedes.

observed that there is no government duty to enhance the cost, and the prices given by the

consul are for Hyson Skin 2s. per lb., and for Souchong 2s. 9 d.

Appendix.

"The consumption of tea in this government is so insignificant as to warrant the assertion, Report on the Tea that it is scarcely to be considered as an object of trade. It is used more as a medicine Trade. than as a necessary article of subsistence, or an agreeable beverage, except by the English families here resident, and a few others in the higher circles.

"The importation in British vessels is limited to small parcels brought by masters of ships, and I am credibly informed has not amounted to 1,000 lbs. during the last nine years, the period I have been in office. A more considerable quantity (about 3,000lbs.) was imported some years ago in an American ship, and left in commission with an English house here; but the greater part, notwithstanding the extreme lowness of the prices, still remains unsold, and I am assured that it is very doubtful whether wholesale buyers could be found for it at a reduction of 30 per cent.

"In the city and liberties of Trieste, which is a free port, and also in Istria, as being beyond the line of customhouses, there are no duties on tea or any other articles of merchandize. There was, indeed, till lately, a duty of one half per cent. ad valorem, which has now ceased, the object for which it was levied, viz. to pay the debts contracted by the municipality during the war, being accomplished "

The consul at Leghorn states that the consumption of tea in Tuscany is chiefly confined to foreigners who reside in Florence and Leghorn, the natives only using it medicinally. In Genoa the consumption is a few hundred pounds weight. In Mr. Money the consul-general's return, I find the following statement of the total importation into the Austrian ports of the Adriatic +.

TOWNS.

YEARS.

QUANTITY.

YEARS.

Venice Trieste

QUANTITY.

Lbs.

1767

3,066,143

1787

1768

3,186,220

1788

Lbs. 2,890,900 2,589,000

1769

1,494,509

1789

1770

3,076,642

1790

1771

2,984,361

1791

1772

2,746,800

1792

1,591,330 1,559,730

1773

1,489,700

1793

756,130

1774

4,088,100

1794

1775

2,562,500

1795

2,759,800

1776

3,049,100

1796

1777

2,851,200

1797

1,406,200

1778

3,258,000

1798

1,408,400

1779

2,626,400

1799

444,800

•

· 1780

4,108,900

1800

2,022,400

1781

3,267,300

1801

1782

4,265,600

1802

1783

4,878,900

1803

1784

1804

1,427,067

2,852,666

1785

6,212,400

1805

1786

1,747,700

1806

Total

Lbs.

60,960,475

Total

Lbs.

21,208,423

Fiume Ragusa

QUANTITIES OF TEA IMPORTED.

Have not averaged more than two cwt. per annum in the last 10 years. About five cwt. per annum, being little in use except by British resi-

dents.

Do not exceed from 100 to 150 lbs. per year.

Very inconsiderable.

In the foregoing mentioned States tea is cheap; there are little or no duties. From Palermo the consul-general writes, "The consumption of tea in the island of Sicily is very trifling, about 20 chests per annum; the Sicilians seldom make use of it, except in illness. as a medicine, and that of a very inferior quality; it is chiefly imported from the United States of America."

In the kingdom of Naples, it appears from the two years' returns forwarded by the con- sul-general, there has been a decrease :-

In 1826

In 1827

Decrease

Lbs.

5,961

3,419

Lbs.

2,542

The following is a return of the quantity of tea exported from Canton, by the Prussians, at the end of the last and beginning of the present century:--

In 1783

1787

1791

1800

1802

1803

Lbs.

3,329,800

499,300

5,070

802,400

1,756,000

1,073,733

Exportation of First Period Ditto,

ditto, Last Period

Lbs. 60,960,475

21,208,423

Decrease

Lbs.

39,752,052

Trieste presents a still more conclusive fact. During the latter part of the last century there was comparatively a large importation of tea into Trieste from Canton, as follows:

In 1779

1780

1782

1783

1792

Lbs. 1,375,900

317,700

933,300

3,428,400

393,870

After 1803 there is no further regular account of exportations, and I only find casual shipments, decreasing in quantity. In 1829, the consul-general at Dantzic regrets it is not in his power to get any information of the tea trade there, or in Berlin; that "in fact there is no wholesale trade in teas."

At Frankfort, the consul-general observes, "The quantity of tea cannot exactly be ascer tained, as no consumption duty is levied, 10d. per cwt, not deserving that denomination."

Cwts. In 1817 the consumption was In 1826

ditto

380

112+

Decrease

Cwts.

268

The

The following letter from the British Consul at Trieste, in 1828, to the Foreign Depart- ment, relates to the consumption of tea there, and shows the effect of American speculation, to the extent of 3,000 lbs., some years ago, which still remain unsold. Let it be also observed

* Consular Returns, House of Lords' Select Committee, Appendix (B.), p. 1259.

+ Select Committee, House of Lords, Appendix (B.), p. 1245.

The only two years given in the Consular Return.

Appendix.

Report on the Tea

Trade.

[ 60 ]

The consul thinks that about 1 cwt. of tea is consumed by a population of 70,000 inhabitants in Frankfort; but he adds, "This valuation cannot serve as a general basis for Germany, as in some parts of it no tea is drunk,' and in others very little, the people being in the habit of drinking coffee for breakfast, and beer or wine at other meals."

It might be supposed that the temperament of the French nation would have made them extensive consumers of tea. Formerly the taste in this particular was improving and extending; and at one time tea found its best market in France. The decline will be best seen by the following statement :-

EXPORTATION of TEA by the French, from Canton, from 1782 to 1807.

From 1824

1825

1826

18 27

[61]

RUSSIAN IMPORTATION OF TEA.

YEARS.

QUANTITY.

VALUE.

YEARS.

QUANTITY,

YEARS.

Lbs.

1782

1795

1783

4,231,200

1796

1784

4,960,000

1797

1785

466,600

1798

Poods.

Roubles.

154,197

6,260,429

133,514

4,807,049

130,562

5,675,992

161,958

6,719,166

QUANTITY,

Total Poods

580,231

Lbs.

Of which exported during four years

3,843

23,462,636

7,75,730

Thus leaving Poods

576,388

22,686,906

1786

382,260

1799

1787

1,728,900

1800

1788

292,100

1801

1789

294,300

1802

353,333

1790

442,100

1803

On an average 144,097 poods, of the value of 5,671,726 roubles; or in English weight and money, 5,187,496 lbs.; value 248,3467.

1791

784,000

1804

1792

1,540,670

1805

1793

1806

1794

1807

The trade of Russia with China through Kiachta will be found under its proper head in the section of foreign commerce.

TOTAL

Lbs.

15,122,130

TOTAL

Lbs.

353,333

Exports, first period

Lbs. 15,122,130

Ditto last period

353,333

Decrease

Lbs.

14,768,797

At a later period we do not find that peace, and the increasing prosperity of the people, induced them to drink tea extensively, although the duties on importation scarcely differed on a foreign or native ship, viz. about 2d. per pound. In the following years the importa- tion was almost stationary, although a large portion was for re-exportation:--

In 1820

1821

1822

- 1823

1824

1844

TEA IMPORTED INTO FRANCE:

Kilogrammes.

83,366

79,144

83,597

70,057

89,030

The average annual consumption of Chinese tea in different countries, as nearly as can be ascertained, is now thus:-

Great Britain and Ireland -

British North America and West Indies Australasia, Cape of Good Hope, &c. British India, &c.

Total in the British Empire

United States of North America Russia

France and Colonies -

Hanse Towns, &c.

Lbs. 45,000,000

2,500,000

2,000,000

Lbs. 52,000,000

7,000,000 10,000,000

500,000

150,000

Holland and its Colonies

1,000,000

Belgium

200,000

Denmark, Sweden, and Norway

250,000

The German States -

500,000

Spain and Portugal

100,000

Italian States -

50,000

South American States

500,000

Eastern Islands, &c.

250,000

Total consumption in foreign countries

Lbs. 20,250,000

[For the present trade of France with China, see Section. China, in published Report.]

of Foreign Commerce with

The consul at Bremen states that the consumption of tea is inconsiderable, occupying a small portion of ship room.

At Lubeck "there is no wholesale trade in tea, and but a very irregular one in the retail. line."-(Consul's Report.)

The commerce of Russia with China, as I observed previously, is involved in obscurity. Sir Daniel Bayley, the consul-general at St. Petersburgh, in his despatch to government, 18th December 1828, says, "From the most authentic sources of information I have had access to, it appears that the importation of tea into the Russian Empire has been ast follows:"

A kilogramme is 15,434 grains avoirdupois.

RUSSIAN

Thus the English consume twice the quantity of tea that is consumed by all the other countries in the world, excepting China and Japan.

It may be useful to compare the price of tea in England with its price at different places on the continents of Europe and America. The accompanying Table is prepared chiefly from the consular returns called for by his Majesty's Government at the termination of the East India Company's charter in 1832. It should be remarked, however, that unless the qualities of the teas quoted were known, the price is a fallacious criterion. In some of the consular returns a lower price is quoted for Souchong and other teas than the most worth- less rubbish of Bohea or Congou would cost at Canton. (See Table, pp. 62, 63.)

It will be seen, on referring generally to the Canton Price Currents, that the cost price of tea has increased in Canton since the abolition of the East India Company. The an- nexed comparison for January 1832 and December 1844, is an illustration of the remark. The prices in both these years were higher than ordinary, especially in 1844, and not until February and March 1845 did prices fall sufficiently to allow of a profitable exporta-

tion.

471

Appendix.

Report on the Tea Trade.

Appendix.

Report on the Tea

Trade.

[ 62 ]

CANTON PRICE CURRENT.

[ 63 ]

Bohea

2d January 1832. East India Company's Purchases:

taels picul 13 a. 15

Congo

24 a. 28

Bohea Congo, old

6th December 1844. Public Merchants' Purchases:

per picul 10 a. 17

10 a. 15

Campoi

Souchong Pekoe Twankay

Hyson Skin

18 a. 28

Hyson Gunpowder

42 a. 58

51 a. 61

Hyson

Gunpowder, Imperial

19 a. 34

52 a. 60

22 a. 28

Ditto, new Caper Souchong Pekoe Twankay - Hyson Skin

30 d.

16 a. 21

PRICES at the Public Tea Sale, London, 27th July 1844.

GREEN TEAS.

COUNTRIES.

GUNPOWDER.

HYSON.

YOUNG HYSON.] HYSON SKIN.

TWANKAY.

13 a. 54

England Russia -

New York New Orleans France Portugal Holland

26 a.

30 a. 38

22 a. 36

20 a. 80

20 a. 70

Bremen Hamburgh

s. d.

Dantzig Frankfort

Denmark

Roman States

Lubeck

Trieste Leghorn

Per lb. 5s. 6d, 14/7 a. 38/10 3/6 a. 4/2

Per lb. 38. 6d. 11 a. 8

Per lb. 2s. 34d. 9 a. 8

2/7 a. 3/8

52.

3 a. 10

5/6 a. 5/10

5/0 a. 5/1

5/5 a. 5/7

4/0 a. 5/10

4/5 a. 5/0

none -

7/8 a. 9/8 13/4 a. 1/50

2/8 a. 3/6 2/10 a. 3/0 2/11 a. 4/2 3/10 a. 4/10

8/4 a. 9/2 4/0 a. 4/1 4/9 3/0 a. 5, 3 3/4 2/2 a. 2/8

2/5 a. 3/5 3/8

3/4 a. 3/6

1/5 a. 2/6

none

6/8 a. 7/6

none

1/10 a. 3/0

none

Per lb. 28. 1d. 7/9 1/10 a. 2/8 2/7 a. 2/10

2/10 2/11 a. 3/4

2/6 a. 2/8 1/2 a. 1/5 1/2 a. 1/10

none

3/9 a. 6/8

none

1/4 a. 2/5

none

Per lb. 2s. 2 d. 6/9

none.

2/10 a. 2/11 2/6 a. 2/8

2/0 a. 2/2

1/5 a. 1/10

none.

2/1 a. 4/2

none.

1/8 a. 2/1

none.

none

8/7 3/7 a. 6/0

5/0 3/1 a. 3/7

6/0

7/4

2/8

2/2 a. '720.

1/10

1/4 a. *466

1/4 a. '000

REMARKS.

Congou

per lb.

Ditto

10 1 10

Ditto

11 }}

Ditto

]

Average price per lb.

1 3}

Ditto

1 84

Ditto

1 10

Souchong

1 3

ditto

Ditto

2 23

Pekoe

ditto

3 1

Ditto

Twankay

Ditto

1 2

ditto

211

Hyson Skin

ditto

1 6

Hyson

2 10

ditto

2 10

Gunpowder

3 1

ditto

3 1

Ditto

Average Price

per

lb.

Estimating the cost price in China

The charges there, freight, &c.

Profit to merchants exporting

Charges in London

There remains charges and profit for salesmen, &c.

2 2

SALE PRICE OF TEA in England and on the Continents of Europe and America, according to the Consular Returns, and the Continental Price Currents about that Period; reduced to Sterling Money by Dr. Kelly's "Cambist," and by the most respectable mercantile houses.

Holland

COUNTRIES.

PEKOE.

Per lb.

33.

7/1 a 10/5

5/10 a. 6/0

4/7 a. 7/0

BLACK TEAS.

BOUCHONG.

Per lb.

28. 7 d.

COMPOI.

Per lb.

CONGOU.

England

Russia -

New York

New Orleans

France

Portugal

21/4 a. 29/214/7 a. 17/6 none used

1/8 a. 2/2 2 a. 4

3/4 a. 8/4

3/11 a. 4/8 3/4 a. 3/6

2/6 a. 3/5

a. 10/11 1/4 a. 2/0

7/8 a. 13/6

2/6 a. 2/8 4/0

1/1 a. 3/0 2/9

1/9 a. 2/2

2 s. 3 d. 11/8 a. 12/7

none

2/6 a. 2/8

1/11 a. 2/6

Per lb. 28. d. td. 8/9 a. 9/8

1/5 a. 1/7 1/4 a. 1/7

2/6 a. 34 2/5 a. 2/8

1/6 a. 2/1

1/8 a. 2/0 1/6

1/0 a. 1/1

BOHEA.

Per lb.

none

1 s. 6 d. 5/10 a. 6/9 1/5 a. 1/6

1/8 a. 1/11

3/2

none.

2/1 a. 2/3

2/0 a. 2/3

1/4 a. 1/8

8/4

1/2 a. 1/3

Dantzig

2/6 a. 3/4

none.

Frankfort

5/0 a. 10/0

2/1 a. 3/0

Denmark

none used

Roman States

6/4

2/4 a. 2/6 4/0

1/8

3/4

Lubeck

1/2 a. 1/10

none.

Trieste

lione

none.

Leghorn

Sicily

4/0

Naples -

6/8

Canton

2/2 a.

3921/1

a. 922

1/7 a. 738

1/4 a. 130

0/9 a.

666

Bremen

Hamburgh

4/10 a. 10/6

none

3/4 a. 4/8

none

←

none

1/1 a. 1/3

Sicily Naples Canton

England. -Average prices at which 30,483,552 lbs. of tea were offered for, and sold at the India House, in all 1831, of which 18,83,000 lbs. were put up without any fixed price; and besides which, 16,46,980 lbs. were refused by the brokers as too large a supply for the market.

Russia.--Consular Return. The duty on black tea, from 1s. 9 d. to 1s. 11d. per lb., and on green from 1s. 5d. to 1s. 6d. is included. I have taken the descending scale of prices.

New York.-Exclusive of the duty, New York Price Current, January 1832. The Souchong, so called, is mere Congo. Portions of some cargoes unsaleable, by reason of their being "several years imported.'

New Orleans.-Exclusive of the duty. New Orleans Price Current for February 1832, in which it is constant remark," Sales small and scarce."

France. From Prix Courant sur la place de Paris, 18th April 1832. A gentleman in Paris has particularly inquired the retail price of tea throughout France, and states it to be from 5s. to 25 s. per lb.

Portugal.-From Holha Mercantil do Porto Lisbon, 7th April 1832. The duty on tea is 1 per cent. ad valorem.

Holland. These are the high and low Amsterdam and Rotterdam prices for May 1832, by the 100 chests or cargo; the duty is only seven florins per 100 kilogrammes for Bohea, and 12 florins per 100 kilogrammes for all other descriptions.

Bremen.-Bremen, 1st May 1832. Furnished me from Messrs. Reid, Irving & Co.

Hamburgh. The duty is almost nominal, not worth calculation. From the Borsen Halle Hamburgsch abend Qeitung, 20th April 1832.

Dantzig.There is no wholesale trade. Duty for consumption, 31 d. per lb. Consular Re-

turn.

Frankfort.-The government duty is only 10d. per cwt. I have given a descending scale of prices from the Consular Returns to Parliament. Denmark.-Duty two per cent. ad valorem. years' stock in hand. The Consul remarks, that

These prices were given when there was 10

other teas are proportionally higher."

Roman States-Duty per lb. 11 d., of which one-third is allowed as a drawback on exporting articles in lieu of tea, the produce of the States. Consular Returns.

Lubeck.-Duty one-half per cent, ad valorem. Consular Returns.

At Trieste there is no duty, and at Leghorn it is nominal. The teas, although denominated Souchong and Hyson, are in reality inferior Congous and Ilyson Skin, which may be bought for 9 d. a lb. at Canton. The Consul reports, that 3,000 lbs. left by an American vessel, "some years still remains unsold, and it would be sold at 30 per cent. reduction if buyers could be found ago, for it. Just so it is at Hamburgh and other places, where nominal prices are quoted, but where it would be difficult to find buyers at even half the price named. At Sicily, although the price is 4 s. to 6s., the Consul says the tea is "of a very interior quality." The duty is 18. per lb. at Sicily, and 8d. per lb. at Naples.

Canton. Prime cost at Canton of the teas exported to England by the East India Company,

1830-31.

472

Appendix.

Report on the Tea Trade.

[64]

473

Appendix

Trade.

The territory in which the large amount of tea consumed in Europe and America is grown is south of the Great Yan-tze-Keang river; the whole region lying between the 27th Report on the Tea and 31st degrees of north latitude, and from the sea coast inland for 500 to 600 miles, may be considered capable of producing tea; but the most favoured region is the generally sterile hilly province of Fokien, and the provinces of Keangsoo and Chekeang, between the 25th and 31st degrees of north latitude. This territory, which extends over 350 to 400 square miles, is composed principally of the debris of a coarse granite, and of a ferruginous sandstone, crumbling into decay; but when well comminuted and irrigated, yielding suffi- cient nutriment for the hardy tea plant (a camellia), whose qualities, like that of the vine, are elicited by the nature of the soil, the elevation, the climate, and the solar aspect to which the shrub is subjected *.

It is generally stated that green and black teas are produced from the shrubs of the same species, with a slight variety; the leaf of the green being larger and broader than that of the black; the former leaf is rounded, the latter elliptic, flatter, and more coriaceous.

The cultivation in different soils, the picking of the lea

CO129/27 - Public Offices | 1848