港史文本 - HK In Texts: Administrative Reports

PAPERS LAID BEFORE THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF HONGKONG 1881

Table of Contents

1 The Governor's Address to the Council on the Census Returns, 1881

2 The Governor's Address on Opening the Legislative Sessions of 1882

3 Inspector of Schools' Report

4 Report of Superintendent, Botanical Gardens and Plantations

5 Police Annual Report and Returns

6 Annual Return of the Number of Cases Tried and Actions Commenced in the Supreme and Vice-Admiralty Courts

7 Revenue and Expenditure, With Comparative Statement for 1880 & 1881

8 Harbour Master's Annual Report

9 Post Office Annual Report

10 Annual Report on Government Education

11 Registrar General's Returns of Births and Deaths

12 Gaol Annual Report and Returns

13 Reports of Colonial Surgeon and Other Sanitary Papers

14 Major Palmer's Determination of Latitude at Mount Elgin, in the Kaulung Peninsula

ADDRESS OF GOVERNOR SIR JOHN POPE HENNESSY, K.C.M.G., ON THE

CENSUS RETURNS AND THE PROGRESS OF HONGKONG..

At the Meeting of the Legislative Council on Friday, the 3rd June, 1881, in laying the census returns on the table, His Excellency said:-Gentlemen, you are aware that, under instructions from Her Majesty's Government, the census was taken in this Colony on the 3rd of April last. The former census was taken at the end of 1876. It was submitted to Sir ARTHUR KENNEDY a few days before he left the Colony for Queensland, and it became my duty to make a brief report upon it. It is unusual, almost unprecedented, for the same Governor to have to make reports upon two successive censuses. A census is generally taken every ten years, but it happens that only four years and four months have elapsed since the last census in this Colony. But apart altogether from what may be unusual in official proce- dure, I find, looking at the returns I am now about to put upon the table, that there is something unusual in the important facts they disclose. A comparison of the census of 1881 with the census of December 1876, shows an amount of real progress and substantial prosperity in the short space of years, such as, I believe, can only be equalled in the Australian Colonies, and which is, perhaps, unprecedented in any of the Crown colonies.

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These census returns will enable the Council to answer three questions. They will enable you to decide how far the Colony of Hongkong has really fulfilled the objects for which it was established; they will enable you also to determine whether it is true, what you have all heard said so often (out of Hongkong, or by unobservant residents in it), namely, that there are no trades and manufactures whatever in this colony; and these returns will also enable us to decide a question much discussed here now, whether the recent transactions in land, the important sales and transfers of land, that have taken place of late, are speculative, or whether they are really bond fide the result of healthy commercial progress, and a matter of necessity.

With respect to the latter point, I am placing upon the table a return which has been prepared in the Survey Department in consequence of a minute of mine, in which I directed attention to the publication in the Daily Press of the 11th May, 1881, of a statement of transactions in landed proper- ty in Hongkong, and called upon the proper officers to have that return checked and verified. Accordingly, that return, which, no doubt, you have all seen, was transmitted to the Acting Surveyor General. He has now furnished us with an authentic statement of the transactions, from the Land Office books, that have taken place in the transfer and sale of property from the first of January last to the 11th of May this year. To be brief, I think, on the whole, he corroborates what appeared in the Daily Press; and the summary he gives at the end is to this effect:-Total value of properties bought by Chinese from foreigners, $1,710,036; total value of properties bought by Chinese from the Govern- ment, $17,705; total value of properties bought by foreigners from foreigners, $216,750; total value of properties bought by foreigners from the Government, $5,060; total value of properties bought by foreigners from Chinese, $16,450.

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Now, this large item of $1,710,000 on the transfer of property, almost entirely for commercial purposes, to the Chinese community since January last year, is undoubtedly an event of

great impor- tance. Is it speculative, or is it justified by the returns I am now laying on the table? In the first place, what do we learn from the census returns of the Registrer General? We find that the population has risen from 139,144 in 1876 to 160,402 in 1881, showing, in four years and four months, an increase of 21,258, and of this increase the Chinese population account for 20,532. The Registrar General adds, that the European and American community is larger by 273; that the increase is among the British, Portuguese, Germans and Italians, and is that of women and children; that the male adult population of Europeans and Americans has decreased. This fact is of interest, because, whilst, taking the male adult British subjects from the United Kingdom, there has been a decrease from 342 to 336, there has been an increase in the number of women and of boys and girls. So, too, with the Portuguese; there is a falling off from 418 adult males in 1876 to 384 at present, but an increase in- the women and children. So, too, with the Germans; there is a falling off in the adult German population, and in the American population, and in the French population, but in each case there is an increase in the number of women and children. This fact, I say, is of interest, because the tropical Colony where European children flourish cannot be very unhealthy. The vitality of a foreign child is a delicate test of climate, and I believe we can point to this particular item in the census returns as affording some indication that Hongkong is growing more healthy. And now, proceeding to the question of the 20,000 additional Chinese, we have to consider this:-Has the increase in the various mercantile occupations of the Chinese been such as to justify the remarkable transfer of landed property I have referred to? The census returns furnish us with an opportunity of testing how far in the harbour of Victoria itself the means we have of commercial movement-that is, the transference of goods from steamer to steamer, from steamer to shore, and vice versa-how far that has been facilitated since the year 1876. From the returns, I find that that movement is conducted by steam launches, cargo boats, and sampans. The steam launches have increased from 8 in 1876 to 37 in 1881, the cargo boats from 494 to 656, and the sampans from 1,357 to 2,088. So far for the machinery that

we have in our harbour for conducting the commercial movement of the Colony; it has substantially increased. The returns I am laying before you are identical in form with the returns prepared in the time of Sir ARTHUR KENNEDY, and probably his predecessors, and amongst these returns there is one which answers the question I have been asking, and that is a return of the occupations of the Chinese adult male inhabitants of the Colony. On analysing that return, I find that the following are the changes that have taken place since the last census with respect to Chinese merchants and other Chinese directly concerned in the trade and commerce of the Colony.

The Chinese Trading hongs,-that is, the Nam-pak hongs and other wealthy merchants who now send the manufactures of England into China,-have increased from 215 to 395. Chinese traders have increased from 287 to 2,377; Chinese brokers, from 142 to 455. Taking the Chinese engaged in dealing in money;-the Shroffs have increased from 40 to 208; the Teachers of shroffing have increased from 9 to 14; the Bullion dealers, who do not appear in any former census, are now returned at 34; the Money Changers, 111 in 1876, still reinain at 111, but in 1876 there were no Chinese Bankers returned, and now we have in this census 55 Chinese Bankers. The piece-goods dealers have increased from 78 in 1876 to 109, and cotton and yarn dealers from 38 to 58. This is of interest, not merely to Manchester, Bradford or Leeds: (these Chinese merchants of Hongkong are now facilitating an Indian trade with China, healthier, and with a safer future, than the trade in that drug which a few years ago was the only considerable commercial link between British India and China. Since 1877, the quantity of Bombay yarn received in Hongkong has steadily risen from 21,000 bales to 61,000. The increase in the value of this trade from $1,706,913 in 1877 to $5,251,246 in 1880, has been coincident with an increase in our imports of raw cotton from Bengal and Rangoon from 33,000 bales in 1877 to 86,000 in 1880. Our opium trade shows no such tendency to increase. In 1880, we imported 87,747 chests, as against 88,428 in 1877. Mr. F. D. SASSOON tells me that the value of our total trade with India last year was $67,772,937, the value of the opium being $58,248,235. Though the trade in other goods than opium is but one-sixth of the total Indian trade, yet it is so rapidly developing, that I look forward with confidence to the time when it will outstrip, and, perhaps, enable the Indian Government to curtail, the trade in opium. Tea merchants have increased from 26 to 51, rice dealers from 95 to 128, coal dealers from 16 to 20, firearms dealers from 15 to 20, timber dealers from 15 to 107, drapers from 101 to 156, and foreign goods' dealers from 167 to 191. Compradores have increased from 77 to 95, ship compradores from 67 to 113, and ship charterers from 7 to 41. Looking to the increase I have pointed out in the ordinary machinery for the commercial movement in the harbour, to this remarkable increase of the mercantile community, and to the well-known magnitude of the mercantile transactions of our Chinese merchants, it seems clear that this large expenditure, since January 1880, of $1,710,000 by Chinese for commercial property was a necessary expenditure.

There is another question that we may fairly ask. It has often been said, and there is hardly a directory or guide relating to Hongkong in which you do not see it recorded, that Hongkong has no local manufactures whatever. Is that true? Well, on turning to the census returns, I find many local Chinese manufactures in this Colony. Bamboo workers have increased from 93 in 1876 to 121 in 1881; Boat builders, from 48 to 110; Carvers, from 59 to 70; Cigar makers, from 21 to 31; Engi- neers from 10 to 121, and Gold beaters from 41 to 60. Glass manufacturers appear for the first time; there are now 16 in the Colony, and I believe at this moment the glass manufactory to the west of the town is capable of turning out such glass as some of the European storekeepers here are themselves prepared to sell; and when a service of glass may get injured, they can now send to our local glass manufactory and get tumblers to replace those broken in the set. I find image makers have increased from 10 to 15, lantern makers from 50 to 63, leather box makers from 39 to 53, lemonade and soda- water makers from 28 to 30. Watch manufacturers did not appear in the former census; they now number 13: Oar makers have increased from 30 to 43. Opium dealers have declined from 108 to 103, but that is not coincident with any decline in the revenue the Government of Hongkong derives from the monopoly of prepared opium, which was $132,000 in 1877, but was sold in 1879 for $205,000 a year. Paper box makers have declined from 21 to 10, and rattan workers from 596 to 448. Of rifle makers we have five in the Colony. Sail and rope makers have increased from 100 to 141, and sandal-wood dealers and workers, from 74 to 76. Workers in sapanwood have declined from 96 to 20, and though there is apparently a decline in the number of sauce manufacturers from 49 to 41, there has been an increase in the quantity of sauce manufactured. I may mention, that a short time before the late Mr. KwOK ACHEONG died, I went with him and two or three other Chinese gentlemen interested in the factory at Yau-ma-ti, to examine the factory, which was in a more or less rude state, the buildings not being then completed. I was glad to see what they were doing. In addition to making soy, they made ketchup for the European market, and they had also a manufactory for preserving fruits. Now, the ketchup is sent in hundreds of barrels every year direct from Hongkong to a well- known house in London, that well-known provision merchant whose good things most of us have, from time to time, enjoyed. He sends out thousands of little bottles of his ketchup to Chinese as well as to European storekeepers here, so that, in short, the ketchup we consume as English ketchup is manufactured by Chinese in Hongkong, sent to England, and this famous provision merchant in England returns it to us for retail. I am bound to add, that the latest advices are that the peculiar article which is produced by the Chinese manufacturer at Yau-ma-ti was regarded at the recent sales in London as the best in the market, and our little local manufactory is very successful. I

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find immediately following this we come to the soap manufacturers; they do not appear in the last census, and they are now only 7 in number. There also appears, for the first time, one spectacle-maker. We have Chinese sugar refiners; they have declined from 25 to 15, and tanners from 7 to 1. Tobacco manufacturers have increased from 44 to 96. Tooth-powder makers appear also for the first time; they number 57. Umbrella-makers have increased from 97 to 169, vermilion manufacturers and dealers from 111 to 123, and Weavers, who appear for the first time in our census, number 6. It is, ! therefore, clear that we have in this Colony numerous local manufactures which have every prospect of extending.

But apart from the question of such manufactures, there are in this Colony, as you

as you all know, various industries employing Chinese artizans. Carpenters have increased from 2,510 to 2,923, blacksmiths from 690 to 708, pewter-smiths from 60 to 173, tinsmiths from 88 to 172, and braziers from 488 to 864. Masons show a falling off from 845 to 542. Rice-pounders have increased from 954 to 1,083, and in stone-cutters there is a large increase,-from 449 to 1,439. The number of tailors now in the Colony, who work with sewing machines mostly, amounts to 1,857. It is an interesting fact, that for these tailors drill is imported into the Colony from England; they make it up with their sewing machines, and the made clothes are then exported to New Zealand and Australia. In that way Chinese! cheap labour, even without leaving the atmosphere of China, is, to a certain extent, successfully competing with Australian and English manufacturers of clothes.

There are certain special occupations of the Chinese which are worth nothing, as they indicate the prosperity of the natives. We have the birds' nest sellers, who have increased from 12 to 35, the sharks' fins dealers, from 9 to 15, beancurd sellers, from 93 to 107, jadestone dealers, from 8 to 18; but cinnamon dealers have fallen from 8 to 7. Sesamum oil dealers appear for the first time, and number 5, and ginseng dealers also appear for the first time and are 4 in number. Joss-paper sellers have increased from 30 to 47, joss-house keepers, from 17 to 41, and chair coolies, from 859 to 980.

In addition to those who are concerned in our commerce and trades, there is a certain amount of professional life amongst the Chinese, as shown by the census returns. We had in 1876, 198 Chinese doctors; now we have 333. Well, the question has often been asked, whether Chinese doctors do much good, but I think we may, perhaps, rely upon the good sense of those who employ them and have confidence in their empirical knowledge and skill. But even the European community and the Government of the Colony owe a debt of gratitude to some of those Chinese doctors. Hongkong is peculiarly situated with respect to the posibility of an influx of small-pox. Perhaps no other port in the world is more liable to a visitation from that disease, and yet, though occasionally I get a report from the Harbour Master of a case or two that may be brought here, it does not spread in the Colony. How does that come to pass? I was talking not long since to the Health Officer, Dr. ADAMS, and he tells me he has to examine the Chinese who emigrate, and he finds nearly all the young Chinese have three or four vaccination marks, or inoculation marks, upon the arms. He says he was often puzzled to know how this vaccination came to be apparently so perfect among the Chinese. Well, the fact is, that for some years past the doctors of the Tung-wá Hospital have vaccinated extensively, and some of them have been employed as travelling vaccinators, who go about this, Colony, and who, since 1978, visit the mainland and vaccinate all through the neighbouring province of China.

Thousands upon thousands have been vaccinated by them. The returns are printed in our annual Blue Books. Thousands upon thousands have been vaccinated during the last four years. But when I saw the annual returns sent in by the Colonial Surgeon not many weeks ago, I appended the following minute to that document:-"I cannot find any return showing the number of vaccinations by the Medical Officers of the Colony. Ascertain how many persons have been vaccinated every year for the last "four years by the Colonial Surgeon, the Health Officer, the Superintendent of the Civil Hospital, and the Deputy Superintendent." This appears to have been sent to the Colonial Surgeon for a report. The report of the Colonial Surgeon was very brief:-"No return has ever been kept." Whereupon, my honourable friend on my left (the Acting Colonial Secretary) writes to the Colonial Surgeon asking him if he could from his memory, and approximately, furnish the number he has himself vaccinated, and get the same information from the other Medical Officers of the Government. The reply of the Colonial Surgeon is: "I have the honour to inform you that ten persons were vaccinated in the Hospital by "the Superintendent. I have not been able to obtain any more information from the Superintendent. "The Acting Health Officer vaccinated his own child twice without success. I have performed 32 vaccinations on children, fifteen unsuccessfully, and about as many more on adults." And then he proceeds to state that he distributed lymph, which I send to him (it comes to me every mail in my despatch bag from Downing Street), amongst his professional brethren in the Colony and at Canton. He adds, that in future he will take care that a record of the vaccinations by the Government Officers is kept. It may, of course, be said that the Colonial Surgeon and the other Officers of the Government were aware of the fact that this semi-administrative duty,-in fact, a duty of no slight importance to the Government and the Colony,-was actually being performed for them by the directors of the Tung- wá Hospital; and, therefore, they did not think it necessary to interfere with the Chinese doctors, who were vaccinating thousands of people and doing it so well, and who have protected the Colony so thoroughly. Passing from the doctors, we come to the druggists, who have also increased from 164 to 243. I find, for the first time in the professional life of the Chinese in this Colony, that we

have three dentists. About eighteen months ago I visited one, not professionally, but for the purpose of seeing the instruments he used, and I then found he had the same apparatus we find in all dentists' establishments. In fact, he did work for the first-rate American dentists we have here, being fully capable of making or repairing sets of teeth. He was a gentleman of intelligence, and impressed me, I must say, as favourably as a dentist could. I also find Chinese architects for the first time, five in number. For the first time, we also have in the list one geomancer. I have not seen that gentleman, but I find in the list perhaps an antidote to the geomancer; for the first time we see in this list a Chinese barrister-at-law. I think we may all congratulate ourselves on his appearing not only in the census returns as a barrister, but as being also a member, by the Queen's favour, of the Legisla- ture of the Colony. I find also on this list three newspaper editors, but there were three in 1876. They are not exactly the same three, because one, a gentleman who was enumerated in 1876, was a friend of mine, the editor of the Chinese Mail, Mr. CHUN AYIN, and I believe that newspaper editor is now receiving a salary of twelve hundred pounds per annum as an officer of the Chinese Government in Cuba, where, I understand, he is the Consul-General. I don't know whether I am right in classing them amongst the professional portion of the Chinese community, but I find we have 84 fortune-tellers in the Colony, instead of 46 in 1876. The schoolmasters have increased from 114 to 171, and students from 341 to 2,562. These students are not to be confounded with school-boys, who are dealt with in another part of the census. Most of these gentlemen who return themselves as students are, no doubt, young men, but some of them possibly are old men, who devote themselves to literary pursuits. Por- trait painters have increased from 170 to 200, and photographers from 30 to 45. Story-tellers have decreased from 5 to 1./ Musicians, also, I am sorry to see, have fallen from 70 to 30. If it were not one of those statistical fallacies that sometimes occur, even in the best regulated Registrar General's Office, it would be a melancholy fact, that when our Chinese bankers and bullion dealers come upon the scene, the story-tellers and musicians seem to disappear. Perhaps great material prosperity is not without some drawbacks.

*On the whole, it is manifest we have in this Colony an increased Chinese community of import- ance to the commercial interests of England, and, therefore, we may at once answer the question ac to this large dealing in land, and may admit it was a just and natural process, and that this transfer of property from Europeans to Chinese was not of a merely speculative kind.

That I need hardly ask you, But it has sometimes been

Now, does Hongkong fulfil the object for which it was established? gentlemen, after the brief resumé I have given you of our census returns. discussed what the object of this Colony is, and in my time I have heard it said that it is a military object, or a naval object-I have generally been of opinion myself it was commercial,-but I find on referring to a despatch of the Secretary of State to Sir JOHN DAVIS, where this question was raised, that there it is briefly and clearly laid down for what object this Colony was really established. Sir JOHN DAVIS had to forward to Her Majesty's Government a memorial from the foreign merchants complaining of the taxation of Hongkong. They represented that Hongkong had been established, as they thought, for military objects in China, and, on that account, they begged the Imperial Govern- ment would undertake to pay for the cost of the establishments, and that they themselves should be relieved from taxes. The Secretary of State who had to decide on this memorial in the year 1846 was then a young man, but he evidently gave due attention to the subject, and, having reviewed the whole question, he expressed his opinion that the occupation of Hongkong was exclusively with a view to commercial interests; and, in a word, his despatch said it was established in the interests of trade alone, and that the traders naturally should pay the expenses of the Colony. I find that this same Secretary of State had in a previous despatcli requested the Governor to have land sales in the town of Victoria at which none but Chinese could bid. Representations came from the Governor, either Sir HENRY POTTINGER or Sir JOHN DAVIS,-that there was a certain class of Chinese who would be peculiarly suitable for commercial operations, but that, owing to land jobbers, they could not compete at the land auctions in Hongkong, and therefore the Secretary of State directed that there should be some land sales at which none but Chinese could bid. Well, he incurred a little local criticism for doing that, and when this despatch of his was published laying down the purely commercial objects of Hongkong, and stating that the Colony should pay for itself, one of the foreign newspapers then printed here commented on it in these terms:-"The answer of Mr. GLADSTONE is universally "regarded by everyone with whom we have conversed since it was published, as sealing the fate of Hongkong. We do not believe it will be met by any violent recrimination or outcry, but the disgust "it has excited is such as will not be speedily eradicated. What little trade we ever possessed here "has been all but extinguished." Well, a generation has passed since that criticism was published in the Colony, but I am bound to say, every year since then has justified Mr. GLADSTONE's policy; and, at this moment, we are in a Colony whose commercial prosperity is perhaps unrivalled. Who now will venture to say that he was not right to encourage the Chinese to buy land and settle in Hong- kong? Who now will differ with Mr. GLADSTONE as to the true character and object of this Colony?

There is one aspect of this progress and prosperity which concerns us as a legislative body dealing with financial matters, and it is this,-that as the Colony makes progress, the revenue should improve without the imposition of any new taxes. That has also taken place. The revenue and expenditure of this Colony for the last three years were as follows:-The revenue in 1878 was

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£197,424; in 1879, £200,853; in 1880 it reached £222,905. The expenditure for each of these years respectively was, for 1878, £189,692; for 1879, £193,097; for 1880, £197,502. The expenditure was therefore kept, I think prudently, within the revenue. The valuators' returns for ten years past, recently laid before you, show that the valuation of house property fluctuated but little from 1871 to 1876, but that it rose steadily with the influx of Chinese in 1877, and has continued to increase. Hence the house taxes, which were at the same rate (12 per cent.) in 1876 and in 1880, produced in these years respectively, £38,439, and £48,032. The opium farm also rose from £27,500 in 1876 to £42,708 in 1880. The other chief items of our revenue are stamps, postage, taxes on shipping, and certain licences, as well as various fees under the emigration and shipping ordinances. At a first glance, our taxation appears a little unfair, but in an Oriental community like this, I think it would be impossible to have it otherwise than it is. The opium farm falls exclusively on Chinese. On the other hand, the spirit licences, and certain items under the Stamp Ordinance, probably fall more, in proportion to their small numbers, on the Europeans; but, upon the whole, I am of opinion, and I am sure you will agree with me, that we are very lightly taxed. Hongkong is a free port; we have no income tax; we have no public debt, and we have a moderate surplus,-less than one year's income. For that revenue, which, as I say, has been a growing revenue for some years past, and that without the imposition of any additional taxation-for that revenue, what has the Government done? We have kept up, I think, an efficient Police force, and there has been no stinting of money in those ordinary functions of Government represented by the various services and establishments of the Colony. Whatever has been required for getting the Supreme Court into that working order which the Chief Justice and His Honour the Acting Chief Justice urged over and over again upon successive Governors as being necessary, has now been provided. It has involved a little expense with respect to interpretation and other points. The vote for public instruction is now larger than ever it was: so is the vote for medical and sanitary purposes. I have added a new branch to the Harbour Department, the Surveyorship under our Merchant Shipping Ordinance of 1879. Instead of $700 a year as in 1877, we now spend $10,000 a year in tree planting. In short I don't think anything absolutely needed for the wants of the Colony has been neglected. I am bound to say, that during the four years of my Government of the Colony, whenever this Council has met, I have been only too anxious to receive from my honourable friends any suggestions either with respect to prudent retrench- ment or to any necessary outlay. And during these four years, there has not occurred one single division in Council. Now, my two honourable friends on my right (the Acting Chief Justice and the Attorney General) have had experience in other Crown Colonies-in Singapore and Jamaica,—and I think they will learn with some surprise and gratification the fact that for four years we have never had a division in this Council.

Perhaps there is some misunderstanding with respect to the functions of this Council. It has been asserted that an unofficial member of the Legislative Council has not the power of initiating anything, and that his position is a peculiar and somewhat discouraging one on that account. But, as a matter of fact, an unofficial member of the Legislative Council has, in that respect, exactly the same powers and privileges as a member of the House of Commons: a member of the Legislative Council can, in fact, initiate any vote or motion he pleases, with the one proviso that he cannot propose the expenditure of money. The same rule applies precisely in the House of Commons; there is no difference whatever; any motion may be made by members of Council in the form prescribed by the rules and regulations, all of which are really based on the orders and procedure of Parliament in England. Our Legislative Council, as constituted at this moment, represents the community. We have now, and have had for some time past, a Chinese member sitting in this Council Chamber. No one, I am sure, will deny that I was justified in recommending the Queen to appoint a Chinese member on the Legislative Council in a Colony where so much of the commercial life is conducted by the Chinese-where the wealthiest merchants are Chinese-where the Chinese possess so much property-where they are the permanent inhabitants, and where nine-tenths of the Government revenues are contributed by them. We have, I am happy to say, a representative here of the old house of TURNER & Co., and a representative of the house of JARDINE, MATHESON & Co.,-and the official members of the Council, they also represent something more than the Government; so that, as far as this body is concerned, it has, I think, every requisite a legislative body should possess for the proper conduct of public business. And that is one reason why I regard the progress this Colony has made as natural and safe. It has not been the doing of any one man. It has been brought about, in fact, by the community, and under the watchful eye of the legislature of the Colony.

I may, perhaps, take this opportunity of saying a few words upon a subject which has, no doubt, sometimes attracted your attention, and that is the allegation made that, during the four years of my Government of this Colony, I have too much encouraged the Chinese. Now, I believe that the duty of a Governor in dealing with a community such as I find here, is to avoid what is popularly called encouragement of any body, or of any class, but to simply hold the balance evenly between all men. And that is what I have done. Coming here with a few year's experience, at the other side of the China Sea, of the Government of a Chinese community, I very soon after my arrival was waited on by some Chinese gentlemen of Hongkong, who frankly told me their position in the Colony. They pointed out to me that there were certain restrictions, some laid upon them, others attempted to be laid upon them, to which they objected, and they asked me, at all events, to assist them to this extent,-not to allow

undue or unfair restrictions to be laid on the Chinese, but to give them that same equality and fair play that they thought they were entitled to with all other subjects of the Queen. I was not in the Colony many weeks when there came under my notice one most serious restriction that was about to be laid upon them, and which, after consulting them, I was able to prevent. Three days before I came to the Colony, a proposal was made which would certainly have had the effect of preventing an influx of Chinese, and probably would have driven a good many out of the Colony. It was made after Sir ARTHUR KENNEDY left, three days before I arrived, and it was submitted to me because it was assumed a certain amount of force would be necessary to carry it out. The Colonial Secretary himself had great doubts as to its prudence, but he submitted it to me. It was called "Rules and Regulations with respect to Chinese graves. It was to apply solely to the Chinese. I requested the Colonial Secretary to get ten or a dozen of the most respectable Chinese that he and the Registrar General knew, to come to me and consider these particular rules. They came. Mr. CHUN AYIN was the spokesman; Mr. WAI AKWONG was present, and some leading Chinese gentlemen now in the Colony. When the document was translated to them, they began by saying that the rules had been framed without any consultation with them and without their knowledge. They pointed out that the rules so framed were inconsistent with their religion and their usages as regards graves and services for the dead. One of the rules to which Mr. CHUN AYIN especially objected was this, " Single graves shall not be more than 6 feet long by 2 ft. wide, nor less than 5 feet deep." Now, he and others pointed out as regards the depth, that they thought it a very good thing, and that a law to that effect already existed in the Colony, but with respect to the provision "not more than 6 feet long by 2 feet wide," they said that their graves were always more than 6 feet long and 2 feet wide. An ordinary Chinese coffin measures 6 feet 6 inches in length, and it is 2 feet 7 inches wide at the head. The coffin of a Chinese gentleman who has received a button or decoration--and many of our merchants who have subscribed to various benevo- lent objects in China possess decorations--is 7 feet 9 inches long, and even the coffin of a Chinese pauper is over 6 feet in length. Therefore, these Chinese gentlemen said to me,-"There is no neces- sity for any exercise of force. The effect will be that we will go away if such rules are promulgated "about our graves." They reminded me of what occurred at Macao, and said it would drive people out of the Colony. I need hardly tell you that I put my veto on thesc rules and regulations and that I have not allowed any system to be enforced that would offend the prejudices of the Chinese on the subject of their graves.

There also came before me a proposal which showed that a special restriction had been laid upon them, and which very much concerns what I said in the opening part of my remarks about the transactions in landed property. There came before ine certain reports of the Surveyor General referring to the restrictions imposed by order of the Governor in Council on the extension of Chinese premises in Hongkong. The Executive Council met to consider the reports. There was an appli- cation before me for converting certain European buildings in Queen's Road Central into Chinese structures, for building Chinese houses in Duddell Street, and there was also a proposal made by Messrs. DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & Co. to dispose of certain land for Chinese commercial purposes in another part of the Colony. The upshot of the discussion in Council was, that I was able to relax somewhat the rule that appeared to have been made-by Sir RICHARD MACDONNELL, I think it was-to restrict the building of Chinese houses, and I was able to allow Mr. CHATER to sell the property and to allow the Chinese to build their shops and stores, but, although entertaining some doubts as to the policy of not allowing Messrs. DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & Co. to sell their land to Chinese, I declined, on the advice o the Council, to permit it. But in writing to the Secretary of State I said, "I am disposed to think th "line Mr. PRICE, the Surveyor General, has now drawn cannot be maintained very long in justic "either to the Chinese who wish to buy property or to the Europeans who wish to sell it. mitted the minutes of Council and a memorandum by one of the members who opposed the sligh relaxation I made in the restriction, and who expressed the opinion that the Governor should oppos the erection of Chinese shops and houses in the European business quarter of the city, and reserve th central portion of the city for English and foreign firms. He seemed to think that the increase o Chinese I anticipated would not occur, and that the future of the Colony was to be what it had been i the early days, more of a European than a Chinese community. However, Lord CARNARVON approve The three or fou so far of what I did in partially removing the restriction, and so the matter rests. years that have passed since then have only shown more clearly the impolicy, indeed, the impossibility of trying to stem the free current of commercial life, and, by any artificial restrictions, of endeavourin to preserve the best parts of the town to Europeans or Americans. In fact, such restrictions are no merely restrictions on the Chinese of Hongkong; they are, indirectly, restrictions on the manufacture of Manchester, who want the cheapest and best agents here for placing their goods on the Chin market.

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I also had the opportunity of consulting the Chinese on another proposal. There came to me resolution from the Chamber of Commerce, in which the Chamber proposed that the Governme The should adopt a system of registering all the sleeping partners in Chinese houses of business. showed that it was exceedingly difficult to find out who had money in a Chinese trading concern, ar recommended that the natives should be compelled by law, and under adequate penalties, to regist every person who had a share, no matter how small, in a Chinese business. The Chamber of Co merce added that they had no desire to apply this system to the European houses, but wished it to

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confined solely to the Chinese. Acting on my usual principle, I mentioned it to some of the leading Chinese bankers and others, but they pointed out that the Chinese system of trading would be completely upset by it, that there is an extraordinary net-work of investments in this Colony, as in any other community of Chinese, and that it would interfere seriously with Chinese trade, and, in fact, tend to prevent the influx of Chinese into the Colony. Accordingly, I declined to accede to the proposal of the Chamber of Commerce.

From time to time suggestions have been made to me about sanitation, and they have generally assumed the character of recommending the pulling down of Chinese houses, compelling the Chinese to adopt what are called the rules of Western sanitary science, that is, to have underground drains, to build their houses after a system they do not like, and to conduct their domestic arrangements according to European and American models. There again I found, on consulting the Chinese, that they did not like it. They said all this would only tend to drive them away, and they ventured, shrewdly I think, to say that their own system had some merits, and that the system to be substituted for their own had not worked well elsewhere,--had caused typhoid fever, diphtheria, and cholera, from which this Colony and the neighbouring ports are free.

Well, gentlemen, it is upon such questions as these that I have been able to give to the Chinese community positive assurances to the effect that I would make no distinction between them and the other British subjects in the Colony. The mere fact of doing that which was, after all, but a negative exercise of the functions of the Government has gained for the Government the confidence of the Chinese Community, and they have come to the Colony for the last three years in large numbers. They are settling here, buying property, and what they are doing is, no doubt, of great interest to us all.

I must say it is of interest to me as the Queen's Representative, not merely because I see Her Majesty's Chinese subjects prosperous, but because what is going on in Hongkong tends to render prosperous men of our own race from England, Ireland, and Scotland in this Colony. I rejoice, also, to see that this prosperity is shared in by the Armenians, the Parsees, and other subjects of the Em- of India; as well as by the Portuguese, the Americans, the Frenchmen, the Germans, and the press other foreigners who here enjoy the commercial advantages of an Anglo-Chinese Colony and the protection of the British flag.

In the West Indian Islands I have seen Englishmen full of enterprise and ability, but too, many of them bankrupt planters, broken-down merchants. Why? Because the native community they had to work with was not like the community of this Colony. (Here you find a community industrious and temperate, with a natural aptitude for commerce. But it is not merely Chinese who are making money. The Europeans are making money also. And as we watch the transfer of business houses in this Colony, and see the Chinese trader coming closer, day by day, to the manufacturer of England, it is a deeply interesting fact to note, that, with the growing prosperity of the place, there arises a demand for British enterprise, for enterprise that the Chinese mind, with its unrivalled trailing instincts and natural commercial skill, cannot, at present, supply. I refer to our local Companies, founded by Europeans. Is there any one here who can say that in any other Colony there are public Companies more prosperous than the public Companies of Honkong? Take them all in all, the public Companies founded by the enterprise and ability of our European merchants in this Colony, are at this moment eminently prosperous, our Dock Company, Sugar Companies, River Steamer Companies, Insurance Companies, our Gas Company and our local European Banks. The success that has attended these Companies arises, no doubt, in the first instance from the enterprise of those who originated them, but we must not forget the fact that they are worked in the midst of a Chinese community, and that it is impossible to separate the prosperity of our fellow countrymen from the prosperity of the natives of the Colony

There is one other consideration which I may venture on this occasion to point out to you. It is this, that of all the Colonies in Her Majesty's Empire, this is, perhaps, the most interesting in what may be called the foreign policy that is forced on the Government. We are close to an extra- ordinary Empire. This little Colony has with the Empire of China the most intimate commercial relations. What should be the duty of this Colony to the Chinese? Apart from the general principle of doing justice to all, I have to look to the interests of England and the instructions of Her Majesty on this subject, and there is no doubt, the interests of England are gravely involved in having this Colony maintain friendly relations with China. The Chinese have at the moment, and have had for many years, a great deal of internal content. And what is the consequence? Throughout China now, there is a development of industrial resources and a production of wealth which cannot fail to benefit the British manufacturer and British ship-owner. China is an essentially progressive nation,-cautious and slow, but, I say, eminently progressive. It is not progressive in certain respects, no doubt; for instance, not in that way one sees sometimes depicted in Punch, where children assume to lecture their parents, and where the rising generation expresses contempt for grey hairs. That is a species of progress we do not see in China. His Honour on my right will also, perhaps, have noticed in some of the commer- cial cases before him, that there are practices sanctioned by our bankruptcy law in which one would be sorry to see China making progress in the sense in which the term is sometimes used in Western nations and the United States. My own experience on the subject is confirmed by the evidence

printed by order of the Congress of the United States with respect to the Chinese who had gone from Hongkong to San Francisco. There I find the evidence of the Chairman of the Chamber of Com- merce, a gentleman apparently of large business transactions. He speaks of having transactions amounting to millions of dollars with the Chinese. But what he says is, in effect, this,-"I find I can have these business transactions with the Chinese in San Francisco with perfect safety. I take no "bond or security from them. Large sums of money and goods to a considerable amount pass. If "it were a countryman of my own or any other foreigner, I would have to adopt a different system." In short, he says, "I attribute the commercial prosperity of the Chinese in San Francisco to their great commercial probity." Another leading American merchant of San Francisco, in his evidence, says, "The Chinese pay their debts ten times more promptly than our white men; they are clear-headed, shrewd, intelligent, and capable of managing business on a large scale; this is especially true of the 'hong merchants of Hongkong."

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National characteristics such as these make China a safely progressive country, and make it the duty and interest of a trading Colony like this, and a commercial Empire like England, to be at peace with They China. I would push this principle of peace to the extent of not worrying them with advice. will understand, in course of time, that there is something to be learned, especially in physical science from Western nations. But, above all, we should avoid, either in dealing with the Queen's subjects in this Colony, or in our relations with the Empire near us, any attempt to force on the Chinese institu- tions which are unsuited to them, and some of which we, in course of time, may, perhaps, discover are unsuited to ourselves. Those are the principles by which I have endeavoured to guide my four years' administration of this Colony, and now, in submitting to you these returns, which correspond with the period of that administration, I can only express the hope, and I do it with every confidence, that, when the next census is taken, all classes in this Colony will be as prosperous as they are to-day.

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CENSUS RETURNS, 1881.

These Returns were published in the Administrative Reports for 1879-80.

LAND SALES.

THE FOLLOWING TRANSACTIONS HAVE TAKEN PLACE BETWEEN THE BEGINNING OF LAST YEAR AND 11TH MAY, 1881.

No. and Description

of Lot.

Price as given in Price declared as] the Printed List

sold for, in the

in the Land Office.

Published in the Memorials regd.

Remarks.

Daily Press.

Lot. 647 Inland

$20,100

522

12,000

240,000

769

7,000

11,000

30,000

801

23,000

24,000

Marine

95,000

202

Inland

350,000

203,000

4 Marine

76,000

105,000

103,000

72,000

Inland

35,000

Marine

57,500

764

Inland

16,000

15,800

20,000

40,000

36,000

39,000

517

7,000

650

10,150

105

43,000

50,000

34,500

447 & 448

36,500

26,600

632

14,500

13,000

138

33,300

33,900

66,000 62,500

29,000

Marine

75,000

72,500

Section A.

( 79,000

{ 54,500

21,000

Section C.

45,000

73,000

639

Inland

18,000

17,000

20,000

21,000

207

32,000

401

13,000

Sold together with Marine Lots la. and 636.

Together with 4 other Lots, viz., Inland Lots 47a., 47b., 47c., and 47d.

No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books.

Sections A and D, portion of Section B, and Sections A and I, Lot 102. Together with portion of Sections A and B of Marine Lot No. 1.

Remaining portion together with Inland Lots 194 and 198. No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books. No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books.

Together with a portion of Inland Lot 73.

No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books. No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books. Section A and remaining portion.

No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books.

Sections A and B together with Inland Lot 633.

Remaining portion.

Section C and remaining portion.

Section C.

No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books. Together with Inland Lots 274 and 702a.

402

16,000

16,450

Section A.

157

48,500

39,000

Section 4.

1 & 129

74,000

*108 & 109

50,000

71,500

Marine

275,000

10 & 12

275,000

250,000

£45,700

Should be Marine Lot 56.

* 99 & 100

Marine

168,400

$168,400

110,000

&c.,

Three Lets, } 644

Inland

141

180,000 12,525 50,000 43,500 28,000 14,500

12,525

28,000

"Duart. ""

16,000

Marine 50,000 40,000

Remaining portion.

Inland

93,000 93,000

505

6,200

4,250

Marine

15,000

"Blue Buildings." No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books. No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books.

Sold by the Government at Auction, 10th May.

"Glenealy."

"Head's"-No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books.

"Falconer's Buildings."

Section A.

222 Inland

12,000

590

19,500

8,000

10,000

No such transaction appears in the Land Office Books. "Breezy Point."

* Properties sold by Foreigners to Chinese.

† Properties bought by Foreigners.

Total value of Properties bought by Chinese from Foreigners,

the Government, Foreigners from Foreigners,..

the Government, Chinese,

5,060 16,450

Total,..

$1,966,081

...$1,710,036

17,785 216,750

Surveyor General's Office, 28th May, 1881.

E. BOWDLER,

Acting Surveyor General.

ADDRESS OF HIS EXCELLENCY SIR JOHN POPE HENNESSY, K.C.M.G., TO THE

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF HONGKONG, 7TH OF FEBRUARY, 1882.

HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.

In opening the Legislative Session of 1882, I have to inform you that HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN has been graciously pleased to confirm and allow thirteen of the fourteen Ordinances which were passed

in 1881.

MACAO EXTRADITION ORDINANCE.

Of these Ordinances, No. 1 of 1881, the Macao Extradition Ordinance, is one which deals with a question that engaged the attention of my predecessors for forty years; it has now been settled by the negotiations of Lord KIMBERLEY and Lord GRANVILLE with the Government of Lisbon. And though undoubtedly the credit of that settlement belongs entirely to the Home Government, nevertheless the advantage of it will be felt by the Governments of Macao and Hongkong, for the Executives of both Colonies will now be enabled to deal with fugitive criminals in a way that they could not before.

PENAL LAWS REFORM.

Ordinance No. 3 of 1881, the Penal Laws Amendment Ordinance, now confirmed by the Queen, is not the least important reform in colonial penal laws that has been effected in our time. It repeals or amends ten Ordinances, some of them of exceptional severity, and all practically directed against one race only. The Ordinance gives permanent legislative authority to a policy which the Royal prerogative enabled me to enforce for some years past, in spite of some little local criticism; and henceforth it will be illegal in this Colony to brand any criminal, to have public flogging, to allow flogging in Hongkong, except for such offences as entail flogging in England, or to allow flogging on the back. The impolitic system now abolished by the Queen and the legislature of this Colony, though devised for the suppression of crime, had actually manufactured a criminal population and increased crime. This abolition has been followed by the diminution of crime, and a universal feeling through- out the Colony, to which you can all bear witness, that life and property have become more secure in Hongkong.

DECREASE OF CRIME.

I have no wish, gentlemen, to weary you with statistics, but I may perhaps quote the authentic figures which have recently been put before me with reference to the class of crimes which some years ago caused so much alarin throughout the Colony. I take the four years during which, as I have just mentioned, under the exercise of the Royal prerogative, I practically suspended those penal laws which Her Majesty has now abolished. In 1878 cases of murder numbered seven, and this number was reduced to four in 1879; in 1880 there was one case, and in 1881 two cases. Of cases of robbery with violence from the person, the number was 35 in 1878, 39 in 1879, 25 in 1880, and 19 in 1881. Cases of burglary, or larceny from dwelling houses, amounted to 113 in 1878 to 101 in 1879, to 53 in 1880, and to 60 in 1881. There were two assaults with intent to rob in 1880, and none in 1881. Taking the total of these really grave crimes, which formerly caused so much apprehension and alarm, -in 1878 they amounted to 173, in 1879 to 145, in 1880 to 81, and in 1881 to 81.

DECREASE IN KIDNAPPING.

The only other class of crime to which I will refer is kidnapping. With reference to that crime, you are aware that Lord KIMBERLEY instructed me to approve in his name of a Chinese Society, which now deals practically with the suppression of that crime, acting in concert with the Captain Superintendent of Police. The consequence is that the smallest number of kidnapping cases that occurred in the four years I have referred to was in 1881, when we had only 50 such cases. This is owing to the operations of the Chinese Society, the skill and energy of the Police Force, and the action of the Supreme Court in passing heavy sentences on those who are convicted of that offence. I believe that by these means the principal kidnappers are at the present moment locked up in our gaol.

COMPANIES' ORDINANCE.

Amongst the other Ordinances passed in 1881, is Ordinance No. 14, the Companies' Ordinance, which introduced some reforms that were pressed upon my attention by my honourable friend, the senior un-official member of the Legislative Council. It is an Ordinance that facilitates the work of those commercial associations that are doing so much to utilise the surplus capital of the Colony.

REVENUE.

In connection with the Appropriation Ordinance for 1882, which Her Majesty has sanctioned, I am laying to-day upon the table some dispatches and some financial papers. The financial papers I am putting before you consist, as usual, of the comparative statements of revenue and expenditure of the past year in comparison with that of the preceding year-that is the statement of 1881, compared with that of 1880. I find that the revenue for the year 1881 amounted to over $1,100,000 being the largest revenue ever collected in this Colony. The proceeds of the sale of Crown lands I have always held to represent the capital of the Colony, and therefore in the figures I have given you I do not include that important item. But adding that item, we find that the sum actually collected amounts to $1,309,428. The receipts of the preceding year amounted to $1,056,329, and thus last year the amount collected was more than a quarter of a million in excess of that of the preceding year. Taking the item of stamp revenue,-the total sum collected in 1881 amounted to $173,641, in the preceding year it had reached $127,623, showing an increase of $46,000. In looking through the stamp Returns, I find an increase under the great majority of items:-bank notes in circulation, bills of exchange, bank cheques, bills of lading, bottomry bonds, charter parties, transfer of shares, ordinary adhesive stamps, and a large item for conveyances and assignments. This, I need hardly tell you, is the largest revenue ever collected under our stamp Ordinance. When I called upon the Collector of stamps in 1880 to estimate the amount which would be collected in 1881, he estimated it at $115,000, so that the increase which occurred that year was largely in excess of his anticipations.

OPIUM REVENUE.

Now, there is one item in our revenue which, compared with the two previous years, showed in 1881 no change, viz., $205,000 from the opium farmer, because it had been sold in 1879 for three years. I sold the opiumn farm in 1879 at an increase of price from $132,000 to $205,000. But it was said that I had rather unduly forced up the price of the farm, and it was anticipated that when next I should have to dispose of the farm, it would be sold at a smaller figure than the current rate; and indeed one of my officials, a man of ability and knowledge of the Colony, in a communication he made in London to one of the gentlemen in the Colonial Office, expressed great apprehension with respect to the opium farm, and in a memorandum which was transmitted to me by the Secretary of State, he said that there would be a falling off in the opium revenue when the opium farin was sold this year. However, these anticipations have not been verified; I have sold the opium farm for 1882-83 for $210,000, so there has been no falling off in the current revenue, which is $205,000.

INCREASE IN JUNK TRADE AND IN FOREIGN SHIPPING.

Now, in looking through the items of revenue which I am putting upon the table, you will see that in this return it states that there is a considerable increase in what are called fees of office. The increase in 1881 amounted to $20,215. On analysing that increase, which I do from a return furnished me by my honourable friend, the Colonial Treasurer, Captain DEANE, I find the items of that increase are of importance in considering the question of the prosperity of the Colony. I find, for instance, that the items for licenses and fees of junks, which amounted in 1880 to $18,807, increased in 1881 to $19,839. Now, between the years 1880 and 1881, there was also an increase in the foreign shipping, and the foreign steamers purchased by the Chinese. The junk trade has to

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compete with the coasting steamers, and when we find that the trade of the coasting steamers, and the general foreign shipping of the Colony increasing at the same time with an increase in the junk trade, we have a combination which shows the prosperous state of the commerce of this Colony. With regard to the foreign shipping, I have not yet before me the final returns, but as you are aware, the revenue from the light dues furnishes a certain criterion for the increase or diminution of the foreign shipping trade. I find that the increase on light dues of foreign shipping amounts to $2,660. Well, that seems in itself a small sum, but when you remember that the light dues only amount to one cent per ton, upon the foreign shipping, the small apparent increase means an increase of 266,000 tons of foreign shipping in one year in the harbour. I believe that the tonnage of foreign shipping cleared and entered in Hongkong in 1881 exceeded 8,800,000 tons. There are a few other items, which, though apparently small, undoubtedly indicate mercantile prosperity; those are the increase of our revenue from cargo boats and cargo boats' certificates, from the shipping of sailors, and from the examinations of masters and engineers, upon all of which items there is an increase in the past year.

Under the head of miscellaneous receipts, I find an increase in the revenue from the storage of gunpowder and kerosine. The total amount of revenue under the head of miscellaneous items in 1880 was $6,695, whereas in 1881 it was $18,294. The taxation of the Colony is at the present moment at precisely the same figure as it was when I first became Governor of Hongkong in 1877, and the increase of revenue in five years, from $885,308 to $1,309,428, is therefore an increase of revenue dependent solely upon the progress and prosperity of the Colony.

EXPENDITURE.

The expenditure in 1880 amounted to $885,204, whereas in 1881 the amount was somewhat larger, viz., $895,985. The difference, you will observe, between the revenue collected in 1881 and the expenditure of that year is about $400,000,-a respectable sum to have gained on the Treasury transactions of the past year, without new taxes, and whilst maintaining the establishments and services in a state of efficiency.

WORKS AND BUILDINGS.

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I find that the expenditure on works and buildings in 1881 amounted to $59,781, as compared with $50,568 in the preceding year, showing an increase of $9,000. Under the head of what are called miscellaneous services, there was an increase last year, of $11,000. Now, with respect to works and buildings, the items showing an increase consist of repairs to buildings, amounting to $14,098, as compared with $11,923 in the preceding year. One large cause of increase is the typhoon breakwater in Causeway Bay, the expenditure upon which is $30,095. The work is proceeding, and will be so far completed before the next typhoon season, as to furnish at that time, if we should have a typhoon, a substantial protection to the junk population. There has been a slight increase in the item of street lamps, which amounts to $21,418. There is an increase in the telegraph service from $2,900 to $5,600. Our telegraphic communications are now connected with all the Police Stations in the Colony. Two small submarine lines have been laid across the harbour, and you are also no doubt aware that we are substituting iron posts in the place of the ordinary wooden poles. Amongst the other miscellaneous items which account for this increase I find the item of compensation to Mr. COUGHTRIE of $1,500. That compensation was claimed a considerable time ago, by Mr. COUGHTRIE, for an injury which he stated was done to his dwelling house by the bursting of a drain, and he held the Survey Dapartment responsible for it. He applied for $1,500, and after a very long inquiry into the matter, I am happy to say that the EARL OF KIMBERLEY sanctioned the claim, and the sum of $1,500 has been paid to him. As to the ordinary services of the Colony, such as the maintenance of an efficient Police Force, providing a proper staff for the Harbour Department, and doing what is required for the other public establishments, any necessary expenditure has never been refused by me. As to our roads, streets, and bridges, I am on the whole satisfied with the state they are in. I have, however, intimated to Mr. PRICE and to Mr. BOWDLER that any further assistance required in the Public Works department, I am prepared to sanction. In 1881 I laid out $12,000 on tree-planting,—a considerable increase on the annual sum ($700) spent on that work a few years ago. The good results we all observe from the tree-planting, justify this increased expenditure. On the whole, gentlemen, I think you have no reason to be dissatisfied with the expenditure you have voted, and with the mode in which it has been laid out. There are certain works, which I was anxious to see carried out some years ago, with which at that time the Surveyor General expressed his inability to deal until the repairs to the Praya Wall had been completed. Four years ago I pointed out the necessity for a new Gaol on Stone Cutters' Island. That is a matter which has been pressed very much upon my attention by the Government, and the EARL OF KIMBERLEY has now expressed an opinion that that is the only suitable site for the Gaol. The new Observatory at Kowloon is a work of Imperial as well as local of importance. The plans and estimates for a new Water Police Station at Kowloon have been laid before Her Majesty's Government. As to the water supply scheme, before I proceeded some months ago to Peking, I instructed Mr. BOWDLER to carry out what is known as the Tytam scheme. He asked me to get him some skilled workmen from England for certain technical details. I telegraphed for them, and in the

meantime a question has been raised by a gentleman now in the Colony, Mr. CHADWICK, as to going back upon the still more expensive scheme, in contrast to the later Tytam scheme, and he is about to report upon the matter to Her Majesty's Government. The Water Police Station has been delayed by a reference, very properly made, to the Surveyor General, who is now in London. The plans of the Observatory have been referred to eminent scientific authorities in London, and I am awaiting instruc- tions before beginning the work. The question of the Gaol is also before the Secretary of State, and having been referred to the Surveyor General, the question has arisen as to the number of prisoners to be accommodated. When last I addressed you upon the subject, I thought we should provide accoin- modation for 750, and upon that subject the question has arisen as to how far it might not be desirable to have the Gaol on Stone Cutters' Island made to accommodate say 600 or 700, and a lock up on this side of the harbour for 100 or 200.

SANITATION.

Mr. CHADWICK is about to report to Her Majesty's Government upon some questions connected with the sanitation of Hongkong, questions which have been brought to the notice of Her Majesty's Government, as appears in the instructions given to Mr. CHADWICK, by representations-constant representations, as Lord KIMBERLEY says-by the officer in command of the troops as to the condition of the Chinese houses, and the system of drainage, which he imagined was injuriously affecting the health of the troops under his command. The sanitary state of this Colony is always a question of great interest to us; and the fact of there being 900 or 1,000 European troops in the Colony, gives us an opportunity as it were, by means of the army mortality returns, of testing its sanitary state. I do not by any means assert that the mortality and sickness among the troops shows the general mortality and sickness in the Colony, because, owing to their less temperate habits and other causes, it is generally greater among the troops, but comparing year by year the mortality among the troops, we arrive at some conclusion as to the improved condition or otherwise of the houses in the vicinity of the barracks.

DECREASE MORTALITY OF THE WHITE TROOPS.

The complaints to which Lord KIMBERLEY refers were made by the Officer Commanding the Troops in Hongkong in 1879, 1880, and 1881. I have now, however, before me a return of the mortality among the troops during those three years, and I find that the number of deaths amongst the white troops-that is amongst the men, women, and children of the European troops, amounted to 22 in 1879; in 1880 this had fallen to 20, and last year, 1881, it only amounted to 9, so that as far as these returns, which we have just received from the military authorities, indicate, there has been a steady decline in the mortality of the white troops in this Colony of late years.

DECREASE IN GENERAL Mortality.

Now, taking a return of the same years which has just reached me, of the whole population of the Colony, we find that in 1879, the death rate amounted to 32 per thousand, in 1880 it had fallen to 28 per thousand, and in 1881 it had fallen to 24 per thousand. The death rate of the European and Americans residents in Hongkong in 1881 was 18 per thousand. These figures are eminently satis- factory, as showing the general condition of the health of the Colony, and as showing what mistakes have been made by those who believe that owing to the increase of the Chinese population, or any other cause, the sanitary state of the Colony for the last three years has been getting worse, instead of steadily improving.

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ORDINANCE.

In speaking of the health of the troops, there is one topic which I have not referred to before, but which I must touch upon now, because I am instructed by the Secretary of State to prepare an Ordinance to deal with what is called the Contagious Diseases Ordinance, No. 10 of 1867.

You will no doubt remember that in 1877, I took the responsibility of appointing a Commission to inquire into the operation of this Ordinance, and the Registrar General's proceedings in connection with it. You will also remember that one result of the appointment of that Commission, and the inquiry that began in 1878 was, that statements were industriously circulated throughout the Colony to the effect that certain measures which I adopted to put an end to abuses that I found in operation under that Ordinance, would cause an increase of contagious diseases amongst the troops. who had not an opportunity of knowing the facts circulated these rumours throughout the Colony, and I believe even to this day it is generally understood in some quarters, that, though it was admitted that the abuses which I put an end to were revolting abuses, though it was admitted that it was in- possible any Government could sanction some of the abuses which were detected by the Commission, yet nevertheless putting a stop to them, and especially of the abuses caused by the employment of paid. informers, it was said would undoubtedly cause an increase in the amount of disease amongst the troops.

Those

I need hardly say that the Ordinance was passed at the instance of the Officer Commanding the Troops here many years ago. It had been devised for what was called the protection of the soldiers and sailors. Now, in looking to the result of the changes I felt it my duty to make, I recently asked for a return from the Military Authorities showing the number of soldiers suffering from contagious diseases during the four years past; that is during the time that the reforms which I felt it necessary to introduce had been in operation. Here are the figures which have been furnished to the Colonial Secretary by the Military Authorities on the 23rd of January last. In 1878 the number of soldiers suffering from those diseases amounted to 188, in 1879 to 182, in 1880 to 164, and in 1881 to 186. You therefore see that the abolition of abuses in the management of the Contagious Diseases Ordinance has had a similar effect to that which took place in the more important one of our penal legislation. I will not dwell upon that subject further than to say that in the instructions given by Lord KIMBERLEY to me, important changes are indicated in the existing Ordinance; when that Ordinance has been prepared it will be my duty to submit the draft in the first instance to the Secretary of State, and when it has been sanctioned by Her Majesty's Government, it will be laid before you. I believe I used the words "revolting abuses" in reference to those which I put a stop to. They are in fact the words used by the EARL OF KIMBERLEY himself in referring to some abuses I found existing in Hongkong.

SANITARY IMPROVEMENTS.

Though the Military and Civil returns indicate a steady improvement in the public health, and in the health of the troops, I am nevertheless not satisfied with the sanitation of the Colony. I think that the town of Victoria might be made a model of sanitation, with its position on the slope of a hill, the possibility of obtaining an almost unlimited supply of water for drinking and washing purposes, and, above all, having here a native population who will readily carry out the Chinese custom by which the sewage and refuse is carried out of the town, and used for agricultural purposes. Having a population accustomed to that sensible practice, I have very little doubt this Colony can be made a model of sanitation. I observed the other day that Professor HUXLEY said that some Oriental nations, that we had been in the habit of calling barbarous, were actually more civilised than ourselves in the mode in which they treat sewage. He exposed the danger to public health of the existing European system. It is a subject in fact in which we may have something to learn from the Chinese. In England people are now considering the evils of the under-ground drainage systein carrying off excrementitious matter by water supply. Eminent sanitary authorities seem now to be in favour of what is called the Chinese process.

BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES.

There are, no doubt, in this Colony other things necessary for good sanitation. Eighteen months ago I called for information from the Survey Department as to the establishment of baths and wash-houses for the poor, and recently I have been again in communication with the leading Chinese inhabitants of the Colony on the subject, and the result is that a system of private baths which now exists to some extent for Chinese, for which twenty cash, that is, two cents, are paid for a single bath-that system can be extended, and I believe the poor will be able before long to avail them- selves of baths and wash-houses where the payment will be extremely moderate, that is, beginning at a scale of one or two cash. These baths and wash-houses, with a supply of warm water, can be built without much cost. You will require a certain number of them, and when the plans are completed I will have much pleasure in submitting them to you and asking for the small vote that their cost will entail.

€

LAND SALES.

I have told you that the item from the sale of Crown lands, which reached in 1881 the sum of $205,680, I was not disposed to treat as one of actual revenue. With respect to that item there has also been some expression of opinion in the Colony. I have seen it stated, that the sale of Crown lands. effected in 1881 was a speculative sale, that the Crown sold lands for sums far higher than purchasers were entitled to pay, and that the land so sold would not be applied to practical purposes, but was in reality intended for speculative purposes, that is, for being sold from one person to another, no buildings being erected upon the lots. You are well aware that at one time in the history of this Colony such things occurred. A similar charge appears to have been made as regards the sale of the Crown lands in 1881. This is a matter of public interest, and I have therefore asked the Surveyor General to favour me with a return of the various lots sold in 1881 by the Government, with a statement as to what has been done or is proposed to be done with the land so sold. Now, I find that the first lot sold was inland lot No. 509. It was sold for $3,500 to a Chinese gentleman, and upon that lot he is erecting a number of houses. The next lot sold in 1881 was lot No. 26 at Kowloon, a marine lot. That has been sold to the Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Co., a company, as you know, one of the most flourishing of its kind in the East, which is doing an immensity of good in the

Colony. That was purchased with a view to the erection of houses for the workmen employed at the dock, but the buildings are not yet commenced. The next I see was a lot sold to Messrs. BELILIOS and CHATER, for $12,525 and upon that lot godowns and houses are to be erected during the current year. Though the godowns are not yet finished, some of them are actually let, such is the demand for business premises in the Colony. The next lot was a small one, sold for $1,768, purchased by a European gentleman for a lawn tennis ground which has been constructed. The next lot, for $2,025, was also sold to my enterprising friend, Mr. CHATER, and upon that lot there have been erected four godowns for the storage of kerosine oil, and they will contain about 120,000 cases. The buildings are nearly completed. There was a small inland lot sold to Mr. EDE, which is still unoccupied.

CHINESE SUGAR REFINERY.

Two very important lots were sold at Bowrington to LAI WAI YEUNG, one for $10,025 and the other for $6,025, and upon those lots that Chinese gentleman is constructing, as you all may see, a large sugar refinery. The site selected is one that, as you know, remained perfectly idle and grass-grown up to this year. It is between the premises of JARDINE, MATHESON & Co. and the city of Victoria. Upon that ground the sugar refinery is now being built. It is the first time that a sugar refinery, as such, has been constructed in the Colony of Hongkong, for the sugar refinery a little further to the east, which is called the East Point Sugar Refinery, consists of buildings which, were constructed originally with a view of doing something to remedy the inconvenience felt with regard to the currency of the Colony by establishing here a Mint. Sir HERCULES ROBINSON constructed those fine buildings for a Mint. They were subsequently sold-I think it was unfortunate -for less than a third of what they cost, but I am bound to say they are now usefully employed by an energetic company, the China Sugar Refining Company. With regard to the sugar refinery being built by the Chinese a little nearer the town, the machinery for that building is being obtained from Scotland; it is of the best kind, with all the latest improvements, and the machinery and buildings will cost about $350,000. I find that a small lot, inland lot No. 622, was sold for $510 to a European gentleman for the storage of timber. Next there is a lot sold for $2,525 to another European gentleman for kerosine godowns. These godowns have been nearly completed. The next lot, a small one, sold for $205, is still unoccupied.

SEA-WALL AND GODOWNS AT KOWLOON.

I come now to a very important sale that was effected at Kowloon of marine lots No. 20 and 21, sold, one for $29,025 and the other for $24,025. They have been purchased by Mr. CHATER. The ground is now being reclaimed from the sea. I had an opportunity some time ago of examining the plans and estimates, and with respect to that important work I have been furnished by Mr. DANBY with a memorandum in which he states-

"The ground on the beach at Kowloon between Tsimsha-tsui and the Royal Naval Coal Sheds was sold lately by Government to some influential capitalists in the Colony, who propose utilising it for commercial purposes by erecting large Godowns and Coal Sheds thereon. The ground will be reclaimed by them, a strong sea wall being erected in front aud for the whole length of the ground, wharves will also be constructed at intervals along the front of he sea wall, so that vessels of large tonnage can lay alongside and either discharge or take in cargo, at any state of the tide and in all weathers, this position being sheltered from typhoons and strong gales by the Kowloon hills. Men-of-war and steam-ships anchor imme- diately in front of this place during the typhoon season. The storage capacity of the whole of the godowns will be about 375,000 tons, and the capital that will have been laid out on the project when compicted will exceed one million dollars." I find the next lots are lots bought by European gentlemen as sites for bungalows on the hills.

LARGE NEW DOCK.

Next we come to a lot, at Belcher's Bay, which was sold for $36,100. On that lot there will be constructed a dock of large dimensions, for some of the Chinese gentlemen who purchased that valuable piece of Crown land have expressed to me their regret that Her Majesty's ship Inconstant should be seen leaving this harbour to proceed to Nagasaki to be docked, and they undertake that, when they have an opportunity of making their new dock, Hongkong will then have a dock capable of taking in the largest vessel in Her Majesty's service. I find certain works which were undertaken in Duddell-street, and for a small portion of which some Crown land was sold. My honourable friend on my left (Mr. BELILIOS) has those works in hand also. Upon that site there are now being built, as you see, substantial and magnificent godowns, and I think some of these, as many as nine of them, though not yet finished, are actually let.

NEW SUGAR REFINERY.

Finally, I come to inland lot No. 837, which was sold for $24,500 to Messrs. BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE. That is a lot about halfway between this and Shau-ki-wán, at a place called Quarry Bay, and the only reason why any one can speak of the Government having got larger prices than it ought to expect for land is, that with reference to the sale of this lot an incident occurred which

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might give rise to the idea there was some speculation. I think it was $6,000 that in consultation with Mr. BowDLER we arranged as the sum at which the upset price for that lot should be fixed. I may mention that, as usual in such cases, I received representations that the upset price was somewhat too high. From time to time in 1881, with respect to the lots at Bowrington especially, I myself ventured considerably to increase the upset price the Survey Department recommended. Representations were made to me on the subject, but I did not feel justified in reducing the price. But with respect to this particular lot I understand, in fact it is a matter of notoriety, commented on in the public Press, that though the upset price was something like $6,000 a gentleman attended at the sale and ran the price up to $24,500. Well, there can be no doubt whatever from all I understand, if that gentleman had obtained the lot for $24,500, it would not have been for the purpose of erecting upon it a sugar refinery. Messrs. BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE intend to put upon it a sugar refinery, which I am disposed to think will be one of the best sugar refineries in the whole of Her Majesty's Colonial empire. When I was Governor-in-Chief in the Windward Islands, I had an opportunity of seeing a remarkable sugar refinery built at St. Lucia, which at that time was supposed to be the best in the British Colonies. Having seen the plans and estimates of the new sugar refinery, with an account of the machinery now on its way out, obtained from Blake, Barclay & Co., of Greenock, I have no hesitation in saying we are about to have a sugar refinery in Hongkong that can compete with the large refinery at St. Lucia. This new manufactory will consist of a building having nine floors; it will be constructed to a great extent of iron, on the modern system and with the latest machinery. The total sum which will be expended on the undertaking, when completed, will not be far short, I believe, of £200,000.

Now that is, gentlemen, a detailed account of what was done with the Crown lands sold by me. in 1881. There is nothing in that narrative showing what is called land speculation; on the contrary, it shows that the commercial wants of the Colony have been increasing, that the necessity of providing more godowns has been felt by the merchants, and that our manufactures are increasing, and you will notice, that not only has there been an increase of enterprise and prosperity on the part of the foreign community, but also on the part of the Chinese.

PUBLIC WORKS BY PRIVATE ENTERPRIZE.

Some weeks ago I observed that the Secretary of State for India, Lord HARTINGTON, looked forward hopefully to the time when certain public works in India would be undertaken by private enterprise. When you consider what is done by the Survey Department in this Colony, you cannot but notice how small the amount really is which we lay out in public works as compared with what may be done by private enterprise and capital when the Colony is prosperous. Sir HERCULES ROBINSON entertained the scheme of forming a Praya Wall at Kowloon and wharves running from it out into deep water, so that steamers and ships could go alongside. The expense would have been considerable. The scheme was contemplated by the Government, but it was felt the time had not come for the Government to undertake it. Now it is being undertaken, not by the Government, but by the energy and capital of the colonists, and I am sure you will agree with me that nothing can be more healthy, as a sign of our prosperity, than that works of this kind should be constructed, not by the Survey Department, but by private enterprise.

EUROPEANS AND CHINESE ALIKE PROsperous.

But it is manifest that whatever may be said with respect to the prosperity of the Colony as shown by the revenue returns, by the general commercial activity of the Colony, by the fortunate position of the Colony with regard to the diminution of crime and the greater comfort and ease of every one as regards the protection of life and property,-whatever indications of prosperity may thus be seen, it is also satisfactory to note that, in the history of Hongkong, there never was a time when there was more successful enterprise among all classes alike of the community, Europeans as well as Chinese.

HONGKONG STUDENT IN LONDON.

There is one class of enterprise, an intellectual enterprise, to which I have great pleasure in referring. Some of my learned friends who are present know that at the examinations at the Inns of Court in London, there are young men from Oxford and Cambridge, London University and King's College, and the chief competition is for the studentships or scholarships given at Lincoln's Inn. Last year a young Chinaman, born under the British flag in this Colony, succeeded at that examination in defeating his competitors from the English, Scotch and Irish Universities, and in three of the subjects of examination he obtained the first place. This was Mr. Ho KAI, one of the numerous Anglo-Chinese subjects that Her Majesty now has in this Colony. I think it is a matter we may all congratulate ourselves upon. That young gentleman, who has been called to the English bar, will return, I think, this month to the Colony, and I am sure you will all join with me in welcoming him

back.

CHINESE BENEVOLENT INVESTMENTS.

My attention has been called by the Chinese inhabitants to a plan by which wealthy Chinese in this Colony may put aside a certain portion of the money they make, investing it in such a way as to benefit their descendants and also to benefit the general community. This trust property would be administered by a certain number of the Chinese residents, perhaps those who under one of our Ordinances conduct so admirably the affairs of the Tung-wá Hospital, and to that body of gentlemen will be given from time to time considerable sums by wealthy Chinese which will be invested by them, a certain portion, say seven-tenths, to be appropriated so as to benefit the descendants of the donors by giving them education, and in other ways, the remaining three-tenths to be devoted to the public Interests of the Colony in general. A scheme of that kind, carefully elaborated, has been recommended 40 me by what I am justified in describing as the Chinese community of the Colony. I am disposed 40 give it the most favourable consideration, and I mention it now with satisfaction because it is a further indication of the real progress of Hongkong. As long as these gentlemen, who, as you know, now represent not only the vast majority of rate-payers but the wealthiest rate-payers in the com- munity-out of the twenty largest rate-payers in 1881, seventeen were Chinese-as long to establish themselves and their descendants in the Colony for ever, so long we have a guarantee for as long as they desire loyalty and good order. On the whole, gentlemen, in opening the Legislative Session 1882 I think we can all look forward, without anxiety, to the continued prosperity of the Colony.

*Names of the twenty Rate-payers paying the largest amount of rates for the years 1876 and 1881.

1876.

AMOUNT.

1881.

AMOUNT.

1. Douglas, Lapraik & Co.,

2. Jardine, Matheson & Co.,

3. Kwok Acheong,

$ c.

11,108.92

1. Wo-Hang,

11,397.00

8,453.40

2. 'Ng Sang,

10,240.00

6,906.36

3. Douglas, Lapraik & Co.,

9,466.80

4. T. G. Liustead,

6,527.52

4. Jardine, Matheson & Co.,

7,544.60

5. Siemssen & Co.,

6. Turner & Co., ....

6,305.44

5. Yeong Shu-lum,

6,876.00

5,913.72

6. Lum Sow,

6,003.90

7. D. Sassoon Sons & Co.,........

5,499.00

7. Ho Lai Shi,

5,863.39

8. J. J. dos Remedios & Co.,............

4,972.80

8. Kwok Ying Kai,

5,748.00

9. Lum Sow,............

4,475.08

9. Ching Sing Yeong,

5,730.30

10. H'kong & S'hai Banking Corporation,

3,938.40

10. Lo Shing,

5,624.00

11. Wo Hang,

3,372.48

11. 'Ng Cheong,

5,363.00

12. Lee Shing,

3,154.80

12. Yeong Amow,

4,968.00

13. Choy Chan,

2,988.00

13. Tang Luk,

4,748.00

14. Coare Lind & Co.,

2,965.08

14. Kwok Ying Shew,

4,700.25

15. Choo Wing Yoong,

2,585.40

15. Low Cheong,...

4,690.46

16. 'Ng Sang,........

17. W. Curtis,

18. J. Gerrard,

2,572.80 16. Koo Mun Wa,

4,596.70

2,467.44

17. Ip Ching Chuen,

4,516.00

2,261.28

18. Choy Chan,

4,048.77

19. Yeong Shu-lum,

20. Gibb, Livingston & Co.,

2,212.20

19. D. Sassoon Sons & Co.,

4,020.89

2,110.80

20. Fung Wing,

3,996.39

90,790.92

120,142.45

Of the twenty principal Rate-payers in 1876, twelve were foreign houses contributing, $62,523, and eight

were Chinese contributing, $28,267.

Of the twenty principal Rate-payers in 1881, three

were foreign houses contributing $21,032, and seventeen Chinese contributing, $99,110.

Total amount of rates collected in 1876 at 12% $184,509.25. Total amount of rates collected in 1881 at 12%=$221,796.23.

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GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION-No. 126.

The following letter, with enclosure, from the Inspector of Schools, reporting the result of the examination of the Grant-in-Aid Schools, is published for general information.

By His Excellency's Command,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 18th March, 1882.

Νο. 53.

W. M. DEANE, Acting Colonial Secretary.

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT,

HONGKONG, 27th February, 1882.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward under this enclosure the usual Tabulated Summary of the grants earned, in 1881, by the various Grant-in-Aid Schools, amounting to $10,466.01, which sum exceeds the sum provided in the Estimates for 1882 by $1,966.01. But as the sum of $240 has already been paid, under C.S.O. 482 for rewards to Masters of Government Schools, and debited as usual to the Grants-in-Aid Account, the actual excess of expenditure over the sum provided in the Estimates amounts to $2,206.01.

This excess is caused by the increased number of Grant-in-Aid Schools, ten new Schools having been brought under the provisions of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme in 1881. The number of Grant-in-Aid Schools has risen from 27 in 1880 to 37 in 1881.

As regards the excess of amount of grant earned by certain of these Schools over their respective amounts of actual expenditure, I have solicited the attention of the Government to the matter in my Letter No. 43 of 24th January last, when I recommended to reduce the grants (under Rule No. 7) to` two-thirds or three-fourths of the expenditure incurred by each School. As this recommendation has not met with the approval of His Excellency the Governor, I can under the circumstances only re- commend that the Grants be paid as per tables enclosed, but that notice be given to all the Managers of Grant-in-Aid Schools that steps will be taken to introduce in the Grant-in-Aid Scheme the following Rule, which I herewith beg His Excellency the Governor to introduce into the Scheme, as an addition to Rule No. 9:-

"No grant will be made to any School for any one year to an amount exceeding two-thirds of the expenditure incurred by the School during that year. But in cases where rent is not actually paid, the rental of the premises occupied by the School may be valued by the Government Valuators and a sum equal to the value of the rental of the premises included in the expenditure of the Schools."

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable M. S. TONNOCHY,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

E. J. EITEL, Inspector of Schools.

TABLE XIII-RESULTS OF THE EXAMINATION OF THE GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS IN 1881.

NAME OF SCHOOL.

Class of School.

No. of Scholars Pre-

sented.

No. of Scholars Exam-

ined.

Standard I.

Standard IL.

Standard III.

Number of Scholars who Passed.

Number of Scholars who Failed.

Standard IV.

Standard V.

Standard VI.

Standard I.

Standard II.

Standard III.

Standard IV.

Standard V.

Standard VI.

Total Passed.

21.09

3.-Baxter Vernacular Hollywood Road School (Girls).

1.-Baxter Vernacular Saiyingp’ún School (Girls),| 2.-Baxter Vernacular D'Aguilar St. School(Giris),|

I 23

20.47 15

27.59

10 36

49.09

132

4.-Baxter Vernacular Iligh Street School (Girls),|

74.28 125

102

Total Failed.

ance during School Year.

Average Daily Attend-

Ge Standard I.

388 Ne Standard II.

2 2 3 3 1 Standard III.

Standard IV.

́co | Standard V.

Standad VI.

Sums to which the School is entitled.

Grant-in-Aid.

Needle Work.

27.00

8 33 Good.

Capitation Grant,

To Teacher.

To Manager.

Total Grant.

24.99

48.37

145.12

193.49

20.47

39.61 118.86

158.47

27.59

52.89

158.70

211.50

$ 912.64

49.09

87.27 261.$2

349.09

74.28

87.32

261.96

319.28

3.-C. M. S. St. Stephen's School ("¡oys),

16.50

36.60

71.52

214.58

286.10

36.60

1.097.02

4.-C. M. S. Baxter Memorial School (Girls),..

51.79

66.19

198.60

264.79

51.79

7.-C. M. S. Saiyingp'ún School (Boys), i

ទូ

#.-C. M. S. Shéung-wan School (Boys),

80 80

9.-L. M. S. Hollywood Road School (Boys),.

10.—L, M. S. Wantsal School (Boys),

14 30

11.—L. M. S. T'Alp'ingsh^n School (Mixed),

34 31

12.—L. M. S. Wantsai School (Girls), .

3.1

18.-L. M. 8. Staunton Street School No. 1 (Girls,).j

14.-L. M. S. Staunton Street School No. 2 (Mixed),

15.-L. M. S. Yaumáti School (Boys)............. 18.-St. Paul's College Mission D'Aguilar Street School, (Boys),

ຄ

··

26E68328

32.85

81.36

*90

8.1

133

32.85

49.21

147.04

196.85

81.36

117.09 3/1.27

468.36

73.51

105.37

316.11

$421.34

73.51 70 180

$7.56

89.00

31.6G

23.63

64.41 15

150

9.00

37.56

68.64 205.92

274.06

13.50

38.06

59.89 179.67

239.56

2,119.02

46 3.00

31.66

58.66 176.00

231.66

16.50

23.63

35.53 106.60

142.13

64.41 81.60 253.81

338.41

71.56 111.80 335.67

447.56

71.56 110 114

71.24 115

120

17.-St. Paul's College Mission Lyndhurst Terrace

School, (Boys),

33.59

110

18. St. Paul's College Mission Lyndhurst Terrace School (Girls),

47 96

19.- Basel Mission Boarding School (Girls), . 20.—Basel Mission Day School (Boys),..

21.-Berlin Foundling House School (Girls),.

22.-Diocesan Home School,

28.-Catholle Mission St. Joseph's College Anglo-

Chinese School (Boys),...

24.-Catholic Mission St. Joseph's College Anglo-

Fortuguese School (Boys),

25.-Catholic Mission St. Francis' Portuguese School (Girls),..

26.—Catholic Mission St. Francis' English School (Girls),

27.-Catholic Mission Bridge's Street Poor School, ]

BEER 2 2 2 2 2 2 - 2 22----

↑

22.05

19.

37.49

37.52

30.41

109

101.03

232

130

111

20.00 90

20.00 12

= 2 2 3282 2 2 9

71.24

98.31

201.93

893.24

1,065,89

ཿ :

29:8:

32 21.00

33.59

66.14

168.45

224.50

9.00

47.06

117.49

852.47

469.96

582.01

22.05

28.01

84.04

112.05

9.00

37.49

93.67

281.62

375.49

975.49

37.52

75.38

226.11

301.52

89.41 75.35 226.06

301.41

191.05

332.26

990.79

1,329.05

180

264

336

12 4.50

20.00

37.87

113.03

151.50

3.00

20.00

20.50

61.50

82.00

2,221.96

··

20.00 15.30

46.50

62.00

20.00 42

37.-Salyingp'un School (Boys),*.

Portuguese (Boys),

28.--Catholic Mission Bridge's Street Poor School,

Portuguese (Girls),

29-Catholic Mission Cathedral School (Boys),

30.—St. Paul's College I'kong Public School (Boys),| IV

31.-Victoria School (Boys),.

32.- Victoria Selool (Girls),..

33. – Tang Lung Chan School (Mixel, 31-Graham Street School (Boys), *. 35.-Graham Street School (Girls), *. 36.-Salyingp'un School (Girls), *

* Native Schools not under European supervision.

Education Department, Hongkong, 27th February, 1882.

20.00 66

30 28

30.00

18.00 12

35.07

25.40

39.97

63.45 155

17.

29.23

13.91

39.83

100

2.83838 8:

2 : 00 :

(24+2)

::::

:::::::

32 3.00

20.00

20.50

70.50

106.00

30,00 47.50 142.50

190.00

20:22:

0.00

18.00

35.67 80.41 25.40 62.60 197.80

34.00

102.00

136.00

186.00

241.26

321.67

572.07

250.10

7.50

80.97

63.61

190,86

254.47

63.45 78.61

245.84

314.45

12 7.50

7.50

29.23

13.91

39.18

21.85

117.55

74.56

39.83

64.15 193.38

156.73

09.41

257.83

1,082.80

40 40

† Two passed in Algebra (Special Subject).

‡ The total grant was $113.51, but was reduced 5 per cent. under Rule No. 3.

GRAND TOTAL,.

10,466.01

E. J. EITEL,

Crane, v ). Han 3 Pin russ Inaxacion of Schools

Inspector of Schools.

す

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.-No. 139.

The following Report from the Superintendent, Botanic and Afforestation Department, is published for general information.

By His Excellency's Command,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 25th March, 1882.

No. 9.

W. M. DEANE, Acting Colonial Secretary.

BOTANIC GARDEN, 22nd March, 1882. SIR,I have the honour to report on the Botanical and Afforestation Department for the year 1881.

2. The general orderly appearance of the gardens has been maintained, and, with one exception, great

disturbing influence occurred to cause much damage or destruction to plants or grounds. In former years the walks have sometimes received immense damages during heavy falls of rain in the storms to which we are subject, but the experience which has been gained of these destructive rains has been brought to bear on, what was, defective drain and water-channel works for their improve- ment. There are still some improvements required, but these will, I hope, as circumstances and means permit, be effected. The exception alluded to was a large land-slip which occurred in the Glenealy Ravine towards the end of the rainy season, carrying away a stone bridge and many tons of earth. The damage is still unrepaired, but now that money required for its repair has been voted, I hope soon to see the necessary works commenced. The present appearance is a sad disfigurement to the beautiful ravine, as well as the absence of the bridge being an inconvenience to visitors wishing to use the walk between Robinson Road and the New Garden plateau.

3. Another injurious influence, wind, has a much less destructive power on plants and trees in the gardens than it had a few years ago when the trees were smaller. In 1874 the great typhoon worked enormous damage in the gardens, scarcely a tree or shrub having escaped great injuries, an immense number having been totally destroyed. On October 14th of the year under notice (1881) we experienced the outside of a typhoon which, although it blew with great violence, did comparatively but little damage in the gardens. The reason of the immunity from such damages as were experienced in former years is the increased size and number of the trees and shrubs, and the consequent shelter which they

afford to each other.

4. The gardens have been frequented by visitors much the same as in previous years, but, I think, the number of children with amahs daily using the gardens for recreation is considerably increasing.

5. The work alluded to in paragraph No. 2 of the report for 1880, viz., the transplanting ard re-arrangement of trees and shrubs in the gardens has been continued and considerable improvements were effected, and some more space secured thereby. Owing to the very limited space available for further planting, it will be necessary to avoid planting large growing trees, and to confine ourselves more to select small sized trees and shrubs. To accomodate the large number of Chinese plants which should, and I hope will, be introduced from year to year, space must be reserved for their reception.

6. The very small corner, used as a garden nursery and place for growing choice plants and pot plants for garden and public decorative purposes, is far too limited for the proper developement of these objects, to say nothing of the more extended use of this establishment in providing plants for distribution to the public, a service which, if better means for carrying it out could be secured, would be duly appreciated by those who would be glad of the opportunity to procure both old and new introductions. It might perhaps be advisable to make arrangements for plants being distributed, as in many other similar institutions, on payment of a small fee to cover cost of propagation &c., to those who may be anxious to obtain plants, but who, in consequence of their having nothing in the way of plants or seeds to offer in exchange, hesitate to apply for plants. We have been obliged to use the garden nursery for the propagation, for afforestation services, of trees which, in consequence of their requiring more constant and close care and supervision than could be given them in distant nurseries, could not be sufficiently well attended to elsewhere. The work of rearing valuable and select kinds of trees is constantly increasing to meet planting requirements, and in consequence of the gardens being entirely surrounded by private property no extension is possible except in that portion between the New Garden plateau on the north, Robinson Road on the south, and Albany Road on the east, a piece of land which was set apart for the New Garden extensions by the Government about eleven years ago, and which has since been reserved for garden purposes, but which, for want of funds, has not been brought into order. This piece of ground is so greatly needed for pressing demands, and the cost of bringing it into order would be so small, that I could not too strongly urge its speedy completion.

7. The following is a list of plants which flowered for the first time in these gardens:-

Anthurium Schertzerianum.

Aloe picta.

Aristolochia recurvilabra.

Berberis chinense.

Cinnamomum cassia.

Cassia siamea.

Gasteria verrucosa. Evonymus gibber. Jasminum simplicifolium. Manihot glaziovii. Kaempferia elegans. Macrozamia Miquelli.

Pinus Massoniana.

Ptychosperma Alexandra.

Plumbago zeylanica.

Phoenix farinifera.

Pelargonium fragrans. Quercus fissa.

}}

cornea.

Harlandi.

Rhododendron Championæ.

Sarcocephalus cordatus. Salix babylonica.

Swainsonia Osborni.

Spiraea callosa. Symplocos congesta.

Stereospermum sinicum.

Schizocapsa plantaginea. Tristanea conferta. Wormia alata.

Weigela rosea.

8. The usual interchanges of plants and seeds with other establishments and individuals have been conducted. The facilities, however, for carrying on the exchanges with Queensland have been considerably reduced owing to the discontinuance of the E. A. S. S. Company's steamers running so regularly to Brisbane as they did; and, also, to some changes in the administration of the Queensland establishments. To the agents of the Eastern & Australian Steam-ship Company we have for several years been much indebted for the favours, so kindly and freely given, of carrying consignments of plants and seeds free of freight to and from the Australian Colonies and Singapore.

9. During the past year the receipts have been 1,373 living plants, 148 packets, boxes, and bags of seeds, from 41 contributors, included in 76 consignments.

10. The plants sent out during the year were 868, and of packets, and bags of seeds the number was 82 to 29 recipients, included in 48 consignments.

11. The following is the list of contributors to the gardens:-

Alves, A. F.

Botanic Gardens, Brisbane, W. Hill, Director.

Melbourne, W. Guilfoyle,, Trinidad, H. Prestage, Superin-

tendent.

Bunting, I., Yokohama. Burnie, E.

Bernays, L. A., F.L.S., Brisbane. Coote, His Excellency, Admiral. Chatterjee, S. P., Calcutta. Chalmers, J..L., Pakhoi. Chun Atsan.

Clouth, Dr.

Dolan, W.

Hayllar, T. C., Q.C.

Hance, H. F., Whampoa.

How Qua, Canton.

Humphreys, J. D.

Henry, Rev. B. C., Canton.

Johnson, Hon. F. B.

James Veitch and Sons, London.

Kopsch, H., Pakhoi.

Leichtlin, M., Baden Baden.

Lucknow Horticultural Garden. Manger, Mrs.

Donovan, His Excellency Lieut.-General. Nowrojee, D.

Perry, W. Wykehamn.

Phillips, G., Taiwan.

Queensland Acclimatisation Society, L. A.

Bernays, F.L.S., Vice-President.

Robinson, A. A. Mrs.

Royal Garden, Kew, Sir Joseph D. Hooker,

K.C.S.I., &c., Director.

Rapp, F.

Romano, A. G.

Roberts, J. F., Sydney..

Stephens, M. J. Ď.

Taylor, C. S.

Sampson, Theo., Canton.

Watters, T., Tamsui.

Woodin, E. L.

12. Thanks are specially due to the Honourable F. B. JOHNSON for his great kindness in procuring, from different parts of China and Formosa, plants and seeds of various kinds which were wanted for the gardens.

13. Although the island of Hongkong has been so much hunted over by botanists and collectors, scarcely a year passes without discoveries of entirely new plants being made, or of known plants being discovered for the first time in Hongkong. During the past year several new plants from Hongkong have been added to the enormous list of known and described plants.

14. While mentioning new plants, I may state that specimens of these are always carefully collected, dried, and preserved in the herbarium cabinets in the gardens' office; and, also, that now that the dried collections of plants have been arranged and docketed, they are available for reference and study to those who may require to use them for those purposes.

♡

›r

u to to

15. As it is very desirable to possess in this Colony as complete as possible a collection of dried Chinese plants, I would take this opportunity of stating that well dried specimens of Chinese plants would always be very acceptable, and that they would be placed in the cabinets for public use, if any one having duplicate plants, or opportunities to collect plants, would kindly contribute them to this

office.

16. In consequence of the low temperature and very dry atmosphere of our cool season, and of heavy falls of rain and frequent storms of the hot season, a great number of beautiful but somewhat tender plants, such as orchids, ferns, and other small growing plants, cannot be successfully grown, except a very limited number which are cultivated in the small glass house and pits which were put up several years ago. These structures, which were built for experimental purposes, have fulfilled so well the purpose for which they were intended, that the public generally, judging from expressions of their opinion continually being made, would be glad to see proper structures, worthy of the Colony, provided for the cultivation of a much larger collection of beautiful and interesting plants than can yet

be accommodated.

AFFORESTATION.

17. The following is a tabulated return of planting operations during the

Pinus sinensis, one year old,

three year old, 3 to 5 ft. high, in situ,

year:- 97,695

3,776

649,587

Thunbergii, in situ,

•

7,000

Eucalypti,

4,347

Stillingia sebifera, (Tallow Tree) in situ, Quercus salicina, & Q. Harlandi,..

6,000

2,115

Japanese spp.,.

2,240

Rhus succedanea, (Wax Tree) in situ,

1,800

Melia Azederach (Pride of India) in situ,

1,110

Bamboos,

654

Syncarpia laurifolia,

344

Castanea (Chestnut) in situ,

300

Albizzia Lebbek,.

319

Cocos nucifera (Cocoa-nut),

196

Ficus retusa ("Banian")..

Dammara robusta,

Aleurites sp.,

Miscellaneous,

Aleurites triloba (Candleberry Tree),

....

180

777,914

18. The total number-777,914-of trees planted shows an increase of 566,899 over the previous year's work, i.e., the number has been nearly quadrupled. This year we expect to make an increase of about a quarter of a million over those planted last year, which will make a total for the season of 1882 of over a million additional trees for the Colony.

19. As will be seen from the above table, many kinds of trees beside the Chinese Pine have been planted. Some of them are put out for experiment-and I have great hopes that they will succeed,- but others are of indigenous trees which are certain to do well. A few of them, as the Japanese Wax Tree, the Tallow Tree and the Pride of India, will probably furnish valuable products, as they do in China and Japan, such as wax, vegetable tallow, and timber, besides the great addition of diversity of form and colour which they will make to the beauties of the future sylvan scenery.

20. Roadside planting outside of the town has been extended on both the Pokfoolum and Shau- kiwan Roads. About a mile of the former, and a little less than a mile of the Shaukiwan Road, was planted. The trees used were bamboos and "banians." Many of the former were purchased from Chinese on the mainland. The "banians" were transplanted from the Botanic Gardens, Bowrington Plantation, and other places where they were no longer required. The dimensions of these trees ranged from 7 feet 2 inches down to about 1 foot 6 inches in circumference, at three feet from the ground; in height, after about half the length of the branches had been lopped, from 25 feet, down- wards to 10 feet; and their ages were from about 25 years down to 10 years. A few of these trees were much damaged by the large larvae of a species of Longicornes. Many kinds of trees here during the weakened condition of their health, consequent on removal, are very subject to attacks from species of Longicornes. The eggs of the Longicornes are deposited in the bark, and when they hatch the larvae subsist by consuming the inner portions of the bark, thus causing much injury to, and some- times the destruction of the tree.

21. By the typhoon of the 14th October 20 trees in the streets and roads were blown down, mosǝ of which, however, were replanted in their old positions or conveyed to, and planted in, more suitablt

sites.

22. Ten nurseries in Hongkong and Kaulung have been maintained. The trees--small seed- lings-in two of these, which are situated at considerable altitudes-900 to 1,100 feet--suffered severely in the October typhoon. Although, for the sake of saving labour in the transport of trees, it would be very desirable to maintain nurseries high up on the hills, in the middle or vicinity of intended planting grounds, the damage done by this typhoon to the seedlings points to the inadvisability of risking quantities of tender seedlings in nurseries in high and exposed positions.

23. In the beginning of the year Forest Guards were appointed to protect trees and shrubs from the depredations to which they were constantly subject, and also to control the goat-keepers in regard to the lands used for grazing purposes. For the protection of the young trees it was found necessary to interdict certain lands for grazing purposes and grass cutting, and to allot lands where goats and cattle might be permitted, and where grass might be cut. The result of the appointments has been very satisfactory. Tree cutting has been very much checked, and the cutting of large pine trees, which had gone on very much, has been almost entirely stopped, except at Little Hongkong, where there have been two or three instances of a number of good sized trees being felled and carried away. The villagers report that the cutting was done by night by boat people who landed at Deep Water Bay. I have much reason for believing, however, that the villagers themselves are the culprits, and to put a stop to this tree cutting it may be necessary to adopt more stringent measures.

24. Hill fires have occurred in several places. In the vicinity of the Chinese Cemetery on Mt. Davis the grass was set fire to twice-by worshippers at the Cemetery. I believe in the first instance the fire destroyed about 5,000 healthy trees which had been planted only a few months, and in the second case about 600 trees were burnt.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Honourable W. M. DEANE, M.A.,

Acting Colonial Serretary,

&c.,

Sc.,

&c.

CHARLES FORd, Superintendent,

Botanic and Afforestation Department.

悉

24 25

لسم

태양

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.-No. 102.

The following Report and Returns from the Police Department are published for general

information.

By His Excellency's Command,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 11th March, 1882.

No. 27.

W. M. DEANE, Acting Colonial Secretary.

VICTORIA, HONGKONG, 4th February, 1882. SIR, I have the honour, in accordance with the instructions contained in your Circular of the 1st December 1881, to forward for the information of His Excellency the Governor, details of the Police Establishment, the list of Pensioners, and the Criminal Statistics for 1881.

2. The Criminal Statistics show that 6696 cases were reported to the Police during 1881, being an increase of 281 Cases, or 4.38 per cent. on the returns for 1880. In the sub-division of these cases into Serious Crimes (so called) and Minor Offences, an increase of 278 cases, or 13.55 per cent., is found in Serious Crimes, and an increase of only 3 cases, or .0006 per cent. in Minor Offences.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

W. M. DEANE, Captain Superintendent of Police.

The Honourable M. S. TONNOCHY,

Acting Colonial Secretary,

&c.,

&c.

Robberies

with Violence Burglaries.

from

the Person.

Larcenics in Dwelling

Houses

at Night.

Assaults

with Intent

TABLE A.

RETURN of SERIOUS and MINOR OFFENCES reported to have been committed during the Year 1881, with the Results of such Reports.

to rob.

Larcenies.

Felonics

not

already

Assaults

and

Disorderly

Unlawful

Gambling. Kidnapping.

Possession.

Piracy.

given.

Conduct.

Euro-

Miscellaneous

Offences.

peans

and

Ameri.

Indians.

Chinese.

Total.

cans.

November,

December,..

TOTAL,...... 19 15

October, ...

•

February,

}

March,

6 7

April,

મ

2 1 2 1

May,

1 4

June,

July,.

Angust,

September,

January,

244

114

35 4

7.. 70

96 | 11

47 105 25

2 82 131 19 29 75 5 G

44 120 8

❤

35 25 12..

8 21 20

32 3

498

127

600

1965

5..

160 91 25

59 128

21 22

111

148

77 117 18

31 98 1 L 7 13

22 20

41..

20 26 1

403

438

133

157 31

572

607 85

22 46

5 3

571

623

123

517

13 1

107 172 25

43 100 13 1

23 27 4:

27 3.1 3

2 500

- 00

627 83

559

••

141

75 17

87 120 21

1200

45 86 18

21 22

28 41 3

531

630

330

102

607

179

100

000

28 ••

81 191 16

22 82

1 6

605

80 652

556

•

157

80 21

223

43) 2 2

3 23

31 31 59 136

139

44 3 4

1 418

406

9006

536

130 66

80 132 | 20 23] 80 17

3 17

for

33 17 68 191

194

40 1

7 1

666

612

564

138 78

22 1 1

GTĮ

93 11 21 71 I

1 3 57 65

(1)

32 23 79

192

185

43 .. 3

505

70 641

613

120

173

10 1

•

73 22 29 78

រ

15 16

•

431 261 72 223

221

61)

520 114

596

115

603

91 | 20

38 105)

29 27

8❘ 12

15 35

149

167

33 51.

→

520

89 582

551

1879

979

200 11 8

5 201 1430 |227 | 397;1016) 108

50 35 63 303 307 53

7❘ 12

9 337 281 566 1879 1983

367

495 36 49

6102 10677036 1108

9699

22 16 19 129 118

19 27 26 71

27 18 23

17 22 45

18 30 33

149

157

205

167

23 42 32 200 224

32 17 75 125

139

1355

24 41

532 130

Cases reported.

1881.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported..

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Drunkenness.

Nuisances.

No Pass or Light.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged,

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

No. of Persons convicted,

No. of Persons discharged.

ALL

CASES.

TOTAL

Police Department, Hongkong, 30th January, 1882.

;

W. M. DEANE,

Captain Superintendent of Police.

Januarý, ..

14 13 1

31 23

2.. 10 12] 4

9 9

•

1 20 17 6 G 4

69 18

2 2

1 1

5 8 46 47 1

18 17 2

13 16 2 27 37 0 8 7 1

21 46 1

1 1

9 3

27 23 4 21

23] ..

23 83 5

5 6 1

171

83 ..

21 2

8 3

36 41

** 69 99

14 2 17

5 1

July, ............** 8]

August,.... 12}

September,.

04 44 18

101 2

8 2

.. 10 20 ..

** 198 18

•

4 .. 1 I

11 12

13 1

37 32 7 19

10 ..

11] 6

8 3

6 7. 4 18

7 7

fox

13 5

43 47

5 381 37 1 8 14 1

10 10 1

4 51 3 2 10 10❘ 2 3

1 | 1} 2 2 .. 86 31

October,.... 17 14 3 521 50

31 81..

17 2

18 16 2 9 10 1

7 6 14

16 ...

2 2

•

10 10

November, 21 21 2

48 44 17 28 28 1

12 12 1

23] 31 2 1

8 10 15 9

ස

December,.. 11}] 11

16 15

12 12 1

6..

20 19 7 17 45 5

4❘

1 12

10 | 3 1

28 29

31 29

2 2 2.

•

4 4

23 16 14 2

8 3 3 2 1 4

3; }

1 2

104

191

11| 1|

192

18 14

•

810.

223 221 58

3 2]

2.. 2 5 3 [

149 107 33

136

13 10 5

G....

4 1 1

125

1 4 3

21 2

200

10 10

9 a

—

25 26

14 2

| *

129 118 33

139

175

149

61 30

161

157 81

205 22

Cases reported.

1881.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persona discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

Į No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged.

Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted. No. of Persons discharged. Cases reported.

No. of Persons convicted.

No. of Persons diacharged.

Breach of Spirits Ordinances. and Opium

TABLE B.

RETURN of MISCELLANEOUS OFFENCES :eported to have been committed during the Year 1880, with the Results of such Reports.

Mendicants.

Unlicensed

Hawking.

Street Crics.

Desertion, Refusal and

Neglect of

Duty.

Rognes,

Vagabonds

and

Suspicious

Breach of

Public

Vehicles

Characters.

Ordinance.

Breach of

| Harbour and j

Coasts

Ordinances.

Breach of

Police,

Guol

and

Deportation

Ordinances.

Breach of Pawnbrokers, Markets and

Weights and Measures

Ordinances.

Intimidation, Extortion, Bribery and

Conspiracy.

Cutting

Trees

ог

Earth.

Obtaining Goods and

Money

by Falso

Pretences.

Trespass.

Breach of Registration Ordinance.

Spurious Coins.

Attempt

to commit

Suicide.

Damage

Property, &c.

Perjury, False Charge, &c. Cruelty to Animals.

Total.

TOTAL... 139 118 35 435 415] 67

251 253 6

106 127 27

206| 219 37

68 89 28

125 255 32

Police Department, Hongkong, 30th January, 1882.

انه

74 14 15 15 2 14

2 191 188 8 954.

111 11121 38 20

12 17 413 34 29 2230|30|11] 6 9 4 5 4 21,970 1,088 | 367

W. M. DEANE,

Captain Superintendent of Police.

DESCRIPTION.

TABLE C.

COMPARATIVE RETURN of OFFENCES coming under the notice of the Police, during the Years 1879, 1880, and 1881.

SERIOUS.

MINOR.

Number of Cases.

Number of Persons.

Convicted.

Discharged.

DERCRIPTION.

Number of Cases.

Number of Persons.

Convicted.

Discharged.

1879, 1880. 1881. 1879. | 1880. | 1881. 1879. 1880. 1881.

Murder,

4 *

Robbery with Violence from the Person,

Burglary or Larceny from Dwelling, Assault with intent to rob,..

101

...

Kidnapping,

Piracy,

Unlawful Possession,

333

226

303 302

181 307

105

Larcenies,

1850

1662

Felonics not already given,

1879 972 898 979 302 5 ,1

«॰ པརྞྞདྡྷཥྛཿ

Assault,..

Gambling,

Miscellaneous,

Drunkenness,.

Nuisances,

No pass or Light,

1879. 1880. 1881. 1879. | 1880. | 1881. | 1879. 1880.

1881.

232

762

284

320

810 566

838 746 904 1134 965 1430 376 310 227 157 397

358 499 814 1046 185 191 108 1442 1815 1879 1717 1769 | 1983 337 374 367 301 276 337 No Analysis of Convictions & Discharges.

230

260

TOTAL,..

2397

2051

2329

1381 1208

1390

185 430

406

TOTAL,....

3732 4361 4367

3350

3548 4159 898 875

702

* Supposed murderer committed suicide,

1881-Total Number of Cases, 6,696, being an Increase of 281 Cases, or 4.33 per cent. over 1880. Increase of Serious Crimes, 278 Cases, or 13.55 per cent, Increase of Minor Offences, 3 Cases or .0006 per cent.

Police Department, Hongkong, 30th January, 1882.

W. M. DEANE,

Captain Superintendent of Police.

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.-No. 124.

The following Returns connected with the business of the Superior and Subordinate Courts of the Colony, for the year 1881, are published for general information.

By His Excellency's Command,

W. M. DEANE, Acting Colonial Secretary.

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 18th March, 1882.

RETURN of CRIMINAL CASES tried in the SUPREME COURT of HONGKONG, during the Year 1881.

SENTENCE.

CHARGES CASES

ÁBAN-

DONID.

POST-

PONED.

Number of Cases.

Number of l'ersons.

CRIMES.

Convicted.

Acquitted.

Death.

Death Recorded.

Penal Servitude.

Hard labour, over 1 Year.

Solitary Confinement, Hard labour, 1 Year and under.

Number of Persons.

Number of Persons. Privately Flogged,

Number of Cases.

Number of Per

sons.

Number of Cases.

Number of l'er-

sons.

REMARKS.

Assault and Wounding,

1 Attempting to Steal,

Burglary,

5 Breaking, Entering and Stealing in a Dwelling House or Store, 4 Conspiracy,

2 Entering a Dwelling House at Night with intent to commit a Į

Felony therein,

1 Forcibly detaining a Woman for the purpose of Emigration,

CO CT

10 10 7

Do. Do.

Do.

do. with intent to sell her,

a Child with intent to deprive parent of 3

its possession, taking away

Highway Robbery with Violence,

Larceny and Previous Convictions,

do.

Do.

in a Boat in the Harbour,

Do.

on Board a Ship in the Harbour,

do.,

***

Do.

3 Perjury,.

Do. in a Dwelling Honse,

Do. by a Servant,

Do. from the Person,

Manslaughter,

2 Murder,.

3 Obtaining Goods by False Pretences,

on a Forged Document,

1 Purchasing a Woman for the purpose of Prostitution,.....

5 Receiving Stolen Goods,

2 Robbery and Assault,

Do. with Violence,

Do. from the Person with Violence,

Shooting with intent to Murder,

3 Unlawfully Wounding,

Do.

and by force bringing into the Colony a Child, forĮ

the purpose of selling it,..

Do.

and by fraud

Do.

do.,

Do.

and by fraud taking away a Child with intent to

deprive parent of its possession,

Do.

and by force detaining a Child with intent to sell it, enticing away from the Colony a Female, for the

...

purpose of Emigration,

121

Da.

bringing into the Colony

Do.

do.,

Do.

detaining a Woman in a House against her will,

Do.

and by force detaining a Girl, for the purpose of

Jud

...

Prostitution,

Do.

giving False Statement to the Registrar General, destroying certain Saplings and Shrubs,

2 Uttering Counterfeit Coin,

Do. setting Fire to a Vessel,

Wounding with intent to do grievous Bodily Harm,

1132 -

111 39

42 33

105 154

Hongkong, 1st February, 1882.

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

...

C. F. A. SANGSTER,

Acting Registrar.

TOTAL

TOTAL NUMBER NUMBER OF

CASES.

PRISON-

ERS.

A BSTRACT OF CASES UNDER COGNIZANCE OF THE POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT DURING THE YEAR 1881. CASES, now disposed of, and the Number of Male and FemALE PRISONERS UNDER EAch Head.

Ordered to find Security.*

Undecided.

WRITS ISSUED BY THE POLICE MAGISTRATES DURING THE YEAR 1881.

Warrants.

TOTAL,

8,203

M. M. F.

173

333 1,678

10,000 | 7,049 Consisting of Offenders not sentenced to Imprisonment.

M. F. M. F.

192 48

F. M.

182

186

3.1

9,379

630

1,514

177

195

2,058

TOTAL MALES AND FEMALES,

.10,009

བ ་ ས ས ས ་

OFFENCE.

THE CASES CONSISTED OF

No. of

No. OF CASES.

PRI-

BONERS,

OFFENCE.

NO. OF CASES.

No. or

PRI- BONERS.

Abduction and sale of Women and female Children, Absent from Ship without Leave, (see "Seamen "). Abusive Language, (see "Breach of the Peace"). Accessory after the Fact to Felony, (see "Felony ").

before

Accusing of Crime-Conspiracy for, (see “Conspiracy "). Aiding and Abetting in Felony, (see "Felony "). Alms-Soliciting, (sce "Mendicancy"). Animals-Cruelty to,

Arms-Chinese not Holders of Night Passes found carrying,] Army and Navy-Desertion from H.M.'s, (see "Desertion"). Arson,

Artificers and Artizans-Misconduct as, (see “ Workmen "). Assault At or in connection with riotous Assemblages,... -Accompanied with Damage to Property,

-Common,

-Indecent,

-On Police in the Execution of their Duty, and

obstructing and resisting Police,

-On boys and females under 14 years of age, -On person to prevent lawful apprehension, -With intent to hinder workmen,.

to rob,.......

to commit an unnatural Offence, With wounding,

Attempting to commit Felony, (see "Felony ").

other Offences,

extort by Threats, Menaces, &c., (see

'Threats," &c.).

bribe Police Constables, (see " Bribery ").

Auctioneer-Unlicensed, (see "Unlicensed ").

Banishment-Returning after, (see also "Conditional Į

Pardon "),

Bankrupt-Fraud by,

Begging, (see "Mendicancy ").

Breach of the Peace,

Bestiality, (see “Unatural Offences").

Bills-Posting, (see "Posting Bills ").

Birds-Breach of Ordinance for Preservation of,

Births and Deaths-Breach of Ordinance for Registration of, Boarding House for Seamen-Unlicensed, (see "Unli-

censed ").

Boats-Larceny in the Harbour on board, (see "Larceny ").

-Breach of Ordinance for registration of,

-Refusing to accept hire,......

-Exposing Night Soil along the Praya in open, (sec)

"Nuisances ").

-Obstruction of Wharves by, (see "Obstruction").

-Refusing to pay Hire of,

-Unlicensed Plying of,

-Breach of Ordinance for Cargo, (see" Cargo Boats").

Bodily Injuries-Cutting and wounding and inflicting,

Bonfires-Firing Crackers, or making,

(see "Cutting," &c.).

Bribery,

"Seamen ").

Buggery, (see "Unnatural Offences").

British Merchant Seamen-Refusal of Duty by, (sec

Buildings Breach of Ordinance for,..

Burglary,

Burial of Chinese Corpse elsewhere than in a Cemetery, Canton-Deportation to this Colony from (see "Deport-

ation" &c.).

Cargo Boats-Breach of Ordinance for,

Cattle-Bringing into the Colony diseased, (see “Un-

wholesome Provisions ").

-Slaughtering in a place other than that provided

Chairs and Vehicles-Breach of Ordinance for Street, Chair Coolies--Obstruction of Public Ways by, (see Ob-

202

Brought forward........................

Coin-Offences relating to,

1,386 10

1,732 10

Common Assault, (see “Assault ").

Larceny, (see "Larceny ").

to commit Felony,

to defraud,

6 2

Conditional Pardon-Breach of,

Confederating with Pirates, (sec "Piracy ").

Conspiracy to accuse of Crime,

Constables of Police-Assault, &c., on, (see "Assaults").

-Assuming Name and Designation

of, (see Police").

-Attempt to bribe, (see “Bribery"). -Misconduct as, (see "Police"). Contagious Diseases' Ordinance-Breach of, Contempt of Court,

Coolie Lodging Houses-Unlicensed, (see "Unlicensed,"

&c.).

Coroner's Summonses to attend Inquests-Disobedience

of, by Juror, (see “Jurors ").

Crackers-Making Bonfires or Firing, (see "Bonfires,"

&c.).

Crime Conspiracy to accuse of, (see “Conspiracy "). Crimes and Offences committed in Chinese Territory,

(see Chinese Territory ").

Crown Land-Trespass on, (see "Trespass ").

Cruelty to Animals, (see "Animals").

Cutting and Wounding with Intent to do grievous

513

732

176

180

1 2

:::

****

10 ***

bodily Harm,...

Damage to Property, (see “Malicious Injuries "). Dangerous and offensive Trades-Carrying on,.

Weapons-Found by Night

with, with intent to break into a Dwelling House, (see "Night").

:883

Dangerous Goods' Ordinance-Breach of,..

Deaths and Births-Breach of Ordinance for. (sce

"Births," &c.).

Decoying persons into or away from the Colony, Deportation from Canton to the Colony under H. M's.)

Order in Council, 1865, (

•

Japan Shanghai

Returning from,

Deported Persons-Harbouring,

Desertion from Foreign Ships,

223

from H. M's. Army and Navy,

from British Merchant Ships,

6 ~

Rogues and Va-

gabonds," &c.).

Assisting in the—of Soldiers and Seamen,...

Destitutes (see "Vagrants," under “

Diseased Cattle-Bringing into the Colony, (see “Un-

wholesome Provisions").

Disorderly Behaviour-Accompanied with Damage to}

Property,

-Drunkenness, Fighting, &c.,........... -Wasting Water at Public Hydrants, House Keeping a,

Distilling―Пlicit,

Dogs-Allowing unmuzzled ferocious, to be at large, &c.

156

766

1332

...

1∞

Stealing,

Domestic Servants-Misconduct as,

Dredging in th. Harbour at Anchorage for Ships-of-

war, (see "Harbour ").

Driving furiously-(see "Furious driving ").

Drugs-Administering,

D.unkenness (see “Disorderly Behaviour ").

Ducks-Selling in the Streets, (see " Breach of Markets'

Ordinance ").

Dust Bins-Neglecting to clean out, (see “Nuisances ").

—Raking, (sɛe "Nuisances ").

287

360

-Turned loose on Public Ways,..

-Stealing,

for the purpose,.............

struction").

Chair Hire-Refusing to pay Vehicle or, (see" Chairs and

Vehicles").

Chai Mui-Night Noises by playing at the Game called,

(see “Night").

Child Stealing,

Embezzlement,

Embracery,

Chinese Corpse-Burial of, elsewhere than in a Cemetery,

(see "Burial").

--not Holders of Night Passes found carrying

Arms, (see " Arms").

-Offenders found in the Colony after Banishment under Ordinance 9 of 1857 and in Breach of Conditional Pardon under Ordinance 1 of 1860, (see "Banishment" and "Conditional Pardon"). Passengers' Act, 1855,—Breach of, Territory-Crimes and Offences committed in, Clothes Hanging to dry over Public Ways, wet, (sec

Nuisances ")..

-Purchasing or Receiving Regimental, (see “Mi-

litary Law"). ..

Carried forward,

1,386 1,732

Dwelling Houses-Found by Night with Dangerous and Offensive Weapons with Intent to break into, (see "Night ").

-Found by Night in-with Intent to commit Felony, (see "Night "). -Larceny in, (see “Larceny ").

Earth-Cutting from prohibited Places, (see "Trespass

on Crown Land ").

Enclosed Places and Gardens-Larceny of Vegetables

and Fruits from, (see "Larceny ").

Encroachment on Crown Land, (see "Trespass").

Escape of Prisoners from Gaol,.

from Custody of Police, -Negligently allowing.

Evidence-Giving wilful false, (ace “False Charge." &c.) Explosive Substances-Breach of Ordinance for Stor-

age of..........

Extortion,

by Menaces,..

by Threats, (see “Threats ").

Carried forward,

2,351 | 3,276

OFFENCE.

Brought forward,..........

False Charge-Preferring-or giving wilful false Evi-

dence,

Imprisonment,.

Pretences-Obtaining Goods and Money by, Statements-Seamen presenting false Characters and making, (see “Seamen ").

Trade Marks and Labels-Fraudulently using, (see "Trade Marks").

Felony-Accessory before the Fact to,

after

-Attempting to commit,.

-Conspiracy

(see "Conspiracy ").

-Found by Night in Dwelling Houses with Intent

to commit, (see "Night, &c.").

Ferocious Dogs-Allowing unmuzzled, to be at large,

(see

"Dogs").

Fighting, (see "Disorderly Behaviour").

Filth and Rubbish-Allowing Accumulation in House, or

immediate Vicinity thereof, (see "Nuisances ").

Fire Arms-Discharging,

Fish-Selling in the Streets, (see Breach of Markets'

Ordinance ").

Forgery,

Forcible Entry,

No. of No. of

CASES.

PRI-

SONERS.

2,351 3,276

OFFENCE.

Brought forward,........

Inquests-Jurors disobeying Coroner's Summonses for

Attendance at, (see “Jurors ").

Japan-Deportation to this Colony from, (see" reporta-

tion").

Jurors-Neglecting to answer Coroner's Summonses tol

attend Inquests,

NO. OF

No, or

CABES.

PRI- FONERS.

3,155 4,729

""Abduction and Sale

Kidnapping, (see “ Child Stealing,"

of Women and Female Children ").

Labels and Trade Marks-Fraudulently using false, (see

"Trade Marks," &c.).

Larceny-Cattle, (see “Cattle Stealing ").

-Children, (see “Child Stealing "). —Dogs, (see Dog Stealing ").

-Common,

-from Ships or Boats in the Harbour,..

the Person,

Wreck,

-in a Dwelling House,

—of Vegetables and Fruits from Gardens audĮ

enclosed Places,

—of Beasts or Birds not the subject of Larceny

at common Law,.

Lewdness, (see "Indecent Exposure," &c.).

Libel,

Lights-Chinese not carrying at Night,

Lodging Houses-Unlicensed Coolie, (see "Unlicensed ").

784

ུ ཡཿ ཧྨ རྞ ཨྠ

$72

185

197

Forcibly detaining or taking away adults with intent to

obtain ransom,

detaining women or female children for the

purpose of carnally knowing them,

Foreign Ships--Desertion from, (see “Desertion ").

Men-of-war, Stragglers from, (see Desertion Fowls-Selling in the Streets, (see Breach of Markets'

Ordinance ").

Fraud by Bankrupt, (see "Bankrupt ").

Conspiracy to commit, (see “Conspiracy ").

Fruits and Vegetables in Gardens and enclosed Places-

Larceny of, (see Larceny ").

Mails-Detention of H. M.'s, (see "Post Office ").

Malicious Injury to Property,

Manslaughter,

Marine Store Dealers-Breach of Ordinance for,

Markets' Ordinance-Breach of, ........

327

Mendicancy,

156

Men-of-war Anchorage-Dredging at, (see “Harbour ”).

-Refusal of Duty by British, (see

• Seamen ").

Merchant Seamen-Desertion of, (see “Desertion ̈).

Military Law-Breach of,

Misdemeanor-Attempting to commit,

Furious Driving,.

Gambling-Breach of Ordinance for Suppression of,.

125

-in the Streets, treated as Obstruction of

Public Ways,....

745

215

-in Public Ways, treated as Rogues and Va- Į

gabonds,

218

-Aiding and Abetting in,...

-Registered Householder permitting, in a House,

Gaols--Breach of Ordinance for,.

Gaol-Escape of Prisoners from, (see "Escape ").

Gardens and enclosed Places-Larceny of Vegetables and

Fruits from, (see “Larceny ").

Geese-Selling in the Streets, (see "Breach of Markets'

Ordinance ").

Girls-Abduction of, (see "Abduction ").

Goods and Money-Obtaining by False Pretences, (sec

"False Pretence").

Gunpowder-Breach of Ordinance for Storage of, Harbour and Coasts Ordinance-Breach of,.

Dredging at Anchorage for Ships-of-war in the, Larceny on board Boat or Ship in the, (see

Larceny ").

Regulations-Breach of,

Throwing Rubbish on the Beach or into the, (sce

"Nuisances").

Hawkers-Calling out in the Sale of their Wares, (sce

"Street Noises ").

-Obstruction of Public Ways by, (see “ Obstruc-

tion ").

-Unlicensed, (see "Unlicensed ").

Highway Robbery with Arms or with Violence, (sce

"Robbery").

House-Allowing Filth and Rubbish to accumulate in, or

in immediate Vicinity of, (see "Nuisances "). House Breaking, Householder, Registered, permitting Gambling in a House

Householders and Servants-Breach of Ordinance for

(see "Gambling ").

for

Registration of,....................

House Larceny in a, (see "Larceny ").

-Registered Householder permitting Gambling in

a, (see "Gambling ").

-Found by Night in a-with Intent to commit

-Inciting a Person to commit a,

-Aiding and Abetting in........

Money Changer-Unlicensed, (see “Unlicensed "). Murder,

-Piracy with, (see “ Piracy ").

Navigation-Obstruction to,

Navy and Army-Desertion from H. M.'s, (see “De-

sertion ").

Night-being out without Light at, (see “Light ").

-Found at, armed with dangerous and offensive

Weapons, with Intent to break into Dwell- ing Houses,.....

-Found in Dwelling Houses by-with Intent to`

commit Felony therein,

-Noises, by playing at the Game called “Chai-

Mui,"

-Noises, by Watchmen,

Night Passes-being out without. (sec “Passes ”).

-Chinese carrying Arms, not being Hold-

ers of, (see “ Arms"). Night Soil-Exposing in the Streets in uncovered Buckets, and in open Boats along the Praya, (see "Nuisances ").

Nuisances-Allowing Dirt and Filth to remain on Pre-į

mises, or in immediate Vicinity thereof, -Blasting Stones to the danger of Persons (

and Property,

་་

-Exposing Night Soil in the Streets in uu-

1519

පු

1739

18 18

covered Buckets and in open Boats

along the Praya,

-Hanging wet Clothes, &c., to dry over

Public Ways,..................

-Keeping Pigs without a Licence,...

-Neglecting to clean out Dust Bins and

throwing Rubbish, &c., into the Streets,

102

122

-Obeying Calls of Nature in the Strects,.

-Raking Dust Rius,

-Regulations-Breach of,

-Throwing Rubbish into the Harbour, or

on the Beach,

Obstruction or Resisting Police, (see “Police "').

of Roads and Streets, &c., by Hawkers,

Chair Coolies and Shopkeepers, of Wharves by Boat People,

558

55S

188

Dangerous").

་་

Felony therein, (see “Night ").

-Found by Night with dangerous and offensive Weapons, with Intent to break into a Dwelling, (see "Night," &c.).

-Setting Fire to, (see “Arson ").

-Unlicensed Coolie Lodging, (see "Unlicensed "). Seamen's Boarding, (see “Unlicensed "). Hydrant-Wasting Water at a public (are “Disorderly

Conduct ").

Inciting a Person to commit a Misdemeanour, (8cc “Misde-

meanour ").

Indecent Assaults, (see “ Assault ").

Exposure of Person by Bathing or otherwise, Į

and Lewdness,.............

Information-Laying a false,.

Injury to Property-Malicious, (see "Malicions Injury,"

Offensive Trades-Carrying on Daugerous and, (sce

Offensive Weapons-Found at Night with dangerous and-with Intent to break into a Dwelling House, (se “Night "). -Having Possession of,

Opium-Breach of Ordinance for Preparation and Sale!

of prepared,

Passengers' Act of 1855-Breach of Chinese, (sce

Chinese," &c.)

Passes Chinese carrying Arms, not being Holders of

Night, (see “Arms ")

&c.).

80 89

Carried forward,

3,1554,729

Carried forward,.....

5,918 7,630

NO. OF

No. of

CASES.

PRI-

DONERS.

6.9308,668

OFFENCE.

Brought forward,.

Passes--Chinese out at Night without,

Pawning-Illegally,.

Pawnbrokers-Breach of Ordinance for,

Personating Bail,

Perjury, (see also "Preferring false Charge and giving

wilful false Testimony ").

Piracy,

NO. OF

CASES.

PRI-

BONERS.

5,918 7.630

563

Pigs Unlicensed Keeping of, (see “Nuisances," &c.).

-with murder,

-Confederating with Pirates,

Police-Assaulting, obstructing or resisting, (see “Assault").

---Assuming Name, Designation, &c., of Constable

of,

-Escape of Prisoners from Custody of, (see

Escape," &c.)

-Rescuing Prisoners from Custody of,...

Police Constables-Bribing, or attempting to bribe, (see

"Bribery," &c.).

-Misconduct as,

Posting Bills on Walls, &c.,

Post Office-Breach of Ordinance for,..

Poultry-Selling in the Streets, (see "Breach of Markets'

Ordinance").

Praya-Exposing Night Soil in open Boats along the,

(see "Nuisances," &c.)

Prepared Opium-Breach of Ordinance for Preparation

and Sale of, (see “Opium "). Preservation of Birds-Breach of Ordinance for, (see

"Birds," &c.).

Prisoners-Escape from Custody of Police of, (see

Escape").

from Gaol of, (sec "Escape").

-Negligently allowing the Escape of, (see

Escape ").

-Rescuing from Custody of Police, (see

"Police").

Provisions-Exposing for Sale, or bringing into the Colo- ny, unwholesome, (see "Unwholesome Pro- visions," &c.).

Public Ways-Hanging wet Clothes, &c. to dry over,

(see "Nuisances, &c.").

-Obstruction of, (see “Obstruction ").

Quarantine Regulation-Breach of,

Rape,

Receiving Stolen Goods,...

Recognizances-Breach of,

OFFENCE..

Brought forward,.

Seamen's-Effects Detention of,

Seamen-affected with Contagious Disease,

Servants-Breach of Ordinance for Registration of

Householders and, (see “House ").

-Misconduct as Domestic, (see "Domestic

Servants").

Shanghai-Deportation to this Colony from, (see

Deportation," &c.).

Ship or Boat in the Harbour-Larceny on board (see

'Larceny ").

Shopkeepkers-Obstruction of Roads by, (see “Obstruc-

tion ").

Shrubs, Trees, &c.-Cutting and injuring, (see "Trees "). -Unlawful Possession of, (see "Un-

lawful Possession ").

Soldiers-Assisting to desert (see "Desertion").

;;

-Disposing of Uniform, &c. (see “Military Law"). Spirituous and fermented Liquors-Breach of Ordi-

nance for Retail of,

Stamp Ordinance-Breach of,

Stealing Cattle, (see "Cattle Stealing ").

Children, (see "Child Stealing ").

Dogs, (see "Dog Stealing ").

Stolen Goods-Receiving, (see "Receiving," &c.)

Stones and other Missiles-Discharging to Danger of

Persons or Property,.....

Stragglers from Foreign Ships, (see “Desertion "). Streams-Defiling,

Street Chairs and Vehicles --Breach of Ordinance for,

(see Chairs and Vehicles ").

Streets-Obstruction of Roads and, (see “ Obstruction "). -Gamblers and Watchmen to Gamblers, (see

Rogues and Vagabonds ").

-Gambling, treated as Obstruction of Public

Ways, (see "Gambling ").

-Noises by Hawkers,..

Suspicious Characters, (see “Rogues and Vagabonds "). Threats-Attempting to export by Menaces, and,..

-With Intent to extort Money,

-Unlawful Possession of Shrubs, (see “Cu-

lawful Possession ").

Regimental Clothes, &c., Purchasing or receiving (see

'Military Law").

Registration of Births and Deaths-Breach of Ordinance

for, (see "Births and Deaths ").

of Householders and Servants-Breach of

Ordinance for, (see “ House ").

Religious Ceremonies-Chinese carrying on without

Authority,

Rendition of Chinese, (see "Crimes, &c.")

Rescuing Prisoners from Custody of Police, (see “Police ”). Resisting Police-Assaulting, obstructing, or, (see “Police,'

&c.)

Biotous Assemblages,"

Roads and Streets-Obstruction of, (see "Obstruction," &c.).

Assault at, or in connection with,

(see "Assaults," &c.).

Injury to,.....

-From the Person,

Robbery--Assault with intent to commit, (see "Assault, &c.")

-From the Person with wounding,

-On Highways with Arms or with Violence,

Rogues and Vagabonds-As Street Gamblers and Watch-

men to Gamblers,

124242

196

-Of Violence to the P'erson,

Trade Marks and Lables-Fraudulently using false, Trees, &c.-Cutting and Destroying,

Turf-Cutting from Crown Land without Permit, (sre

Trespass on Crown Land ").

Trespass on Crown Land,

116

Unmuzzled Ferocious Dogs-Allowing to be at large,

&c. (see " Dogs").

Uniform, &c.—Soldiers disposing of,(see “Military Law") Unlawful Possession of Property,

309

368

of Trees, Shrubs, &c.,.................

Unlicensed-Auctioneer,

...

—-Coolie Lodging Houses,

-Hawking,

440

-Money Changer,

-Plying of Boats for hire, (see “Boats "). -Seamen's Boarding Houses,

Unnatural Offence,

-Assault with Intent to commit an,

(see "Assaults").

ing into the Colony,

'Chairs," &c.).

}

-As Suspicious Characters,

Wandering abroad and lodging (

226

in the open air...........................................

226

116 116

-As Beggars,

Rubbish and Filth-Allowing Accumulation in House, or

immediate Vicinity thereof, (see "Nuisance ").

-Throwing into the Streets, (see

་

"Nuisances ").

-Throwing into the Harbour or on the

Beach, (see "Nuisances ").

Sailors-Assisting in the Desertion of, (see " Desertion "').

Seamen-Harbouring deserted...

-Desertion of Merchant, (see "Desertion"). -Making false Statement as to Ships in which they served, or presenting false certificates of Character,

-Refusal of Duty by British Merchant,

Seamen's Boarding House, Unlicensed, (see “Unlicensed,"

&c.).

Carried forward,

Magistracy, Hongkong, 4th March, 1882.

Unwholesome Provisions-Exposing for Sale, or bring-

Vehicles and Chairs-Breach of Ordinance for, (ser

Watchman to Gamblers, (see "Rogues and Vaga-

bonds").

-Misconduct as Private,

-Night Noises by, (see “Night").

Weapons-Found by Night with dangerous and offen-

sive, with Intent to break into Dwelling Houses, (see "Night.").

-Having Possession of offensive, (see “Offen-

sive").

Weights and Measures-Breach of Ordinance for,. Witnesses-Intimidating, (see "Embracery ").

---Ordered to give Security for Appearance...

Wharves-Obstruction by Boat People of, (see “Ob-

struction").

Workmen-Intimidating,

-Misconduct as..

Wounding-Assault with, (see “Assault ").

-Cutting and, and inflicting bodily Injuries,

(see "Cutting," &c.).

-Robbery from the l'erson with, (see “Rob-

bery ").

Wreck-Larceny from, (*: “Larceny ").

6,930 8,668

TOTAL,

8,203 10,009

H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistrate.

AESTRACT of CASES brought under COGNIZANCE at the POLICE MAGISTRATES' COURT during a period of Ten Years, from 1st January, 1872, to 31st December, 1881, inclusive.

CASES, HOW DISPOSED OF, AND THE NUMBER OF MALE AND FEMALE PRISONERS Under each Head.

Years.

Total Number of Cases.

Convicted and Punished.

Committed for Trial at

Discharged.

Supreme Court.

Committed to Prison

or detained pending Orders of His Excellency the Governor.

Ordered to find Security.

To keep the Peace,

to be of Good · Behaviour, and to answer any

Punished for Prefering False Charge

Charge.

or giving False Testimony.

Undecided.

Total Number

of Defendants.

| F

M. F.

3872,

9,950

11,185

999

2,426

294

137

271

1873,

9,137

8,810 1,352

1,798

266

171

1874,

8,079

6,636 1,135

1,051 269

101

175

1875,

8,055

6,749

890

1,632 281

190

1876,

9,103

7,315

683

1,744 200

118

174

1877,

9,283

7,336

572

1,966 364

209

192

1878,

9,100

7,166

628

2,126 251

200

1879,

7,009

5,758 361

1,900 189

145

1880,

7,098

1881,

8,203

5,892 252 7.049 333

1,775 1,678 173

187

170

192 48

1854

230

204

369

22288E22*3

RCORRI

HBORHO

14,099 1,345 10,933 1,673. 8,065 1,436 8,713 1,217 9,402 1,024

9,745

972

9.630

922

8,103

602

8,126 531

9,379 630

Grand Totals

for the 10 Years,.

-85,017

73,8967,205 | 18,690 2,574

1,434

176

164

2,074

305

271

260

96,795 10,352

......

Average per

Year,

8,501.7 7,389.6 720.5 1,869.6 257.4

143.4 17.6

16.4

207.4

30.5

27.1

399

6.4

26.0

2.5

9,679.5 1,035.2

Magistracy, Hongkong, 4th March, 1882.

H. E. WODEHOUSE, Police Magistraic.

No. 3.

CORONER'S Office, HONGKONG, 3rd March, 1882.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward herewith the usual Annual Returns for the year 1881, in connection with the Inquests held during the year.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

H. E. WODEHOUSE, Corouer.

The Honourable M. S. TONNOспy,

Acting Colonial Secretary,

&c.,

St.,

&c.

Nationality.

CORONER'S INQUESTS.

TABLE A.-Return of all Coroner's Cases, 1881.

Inquests Held.

Buried without Inquest.

Tery much decom-

Men. Women. Boys. Girls. Total. Men. Women. Boys. Girls. posed; ser not asor Total.

Europeans and Americans,.. 11

12:

2:2

tainable.

-30

Chinese,

Indians and Malays,

...

Total,.

10 12

111

Total for 1880,......!

133

VERDICTS.

TABLE B.-Return of Inquests, 1881.

Chinese.

Indians and Malays.

Total.

...

48 1

Men. Women. Boys. Men. Women. Boys. Girls. Men. Women. Boys.

Europeans and Americans.

Accidental Death,

Concussion of Spinal Cord, caused by a fall, Concussion of the Brain, produced by a

blow or blows,

Died from the effects of a Wound re-

ceived in the Chest,.

Felo de Se,

Found Dead (cause of death unknown), Found Drowned,

Fracture of Skull, caused by a fall,

Manslaughter,

Met his Death during a fight, but that

there is no evidence to show how, f

Murder,

Natural Causes,

Do.,

in Gaol,

Qverdose of Opium,

Sull-born,.

Suicide while in a state of Temporary

Insanity,

Total,.....

GON

L: TO:

рай на ротов сого

1 111

Reason why no Inquest was held.

Europeans and Americans.

Very much

Chinese.

Indians.

decompos-

TABLE C.-Return of Burials without Inquest, 1881.

Found on Shore. Found in Harbour.

ed; sex not Total. ascertain-

Un-

Men.

Women. Men, Women, Boys. ¦ Girls.

able.

Un- Known. known. Known. known.

No suspicious circumstances,..

No evidence

and decomposed

State of Body,

Post Mortem satisfactory,

Total,.

Coroner's Office, Hongkong, 3rd March, 1882.

II. E. WODEHOUSE, Coroner.

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.--No. 222. -

The following Statement, showing the total Receipts and Payments for 1881, including the Accounts received and paid by the Crown Agents in England, is published for general information, ogether with a Comparative Statement of Revenue and Expenditure for the Years 1880 and 1881.

By Cominand,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 11th May, 1882.

FREDERICK STEWART,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

ག་

COLONY OF HONGKONG.

STATEMENT SHOWING THE TOTAL RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE IN THE YEAR 1881.

Land Revenue,

146,300

139,371.03

་་་་་་

RECEIPTS.

Amount

Estimated.

Amount Amount [received by received in the Crown the Colony. Agents in

Total

Receipts.

More than Less than

Estimated. Estimated.

England.

6,928.97

PAYMENTS.

Amount

Estimated.

Amount

paid in the

Colony.

Amount paid by the Crown

Agents in

England.

Total

Payments.

More than Less than Estimated. Estimated.

CIVIL DEPARTMENTS:-

...

Premia on Land Sales,

10,000

203,659.20

139,371.03

203,659.20|193,659.20

Governor,

Colonial Secretary,

32,958

33,072.78

23,228

18,749.03

3,662.74

22,411.77

...

Colonial Treasurer,

9,970

9,796.23

221.61

10,017.84

114.78

47.84

816.23

Auditor General,

21,649

19,865,64

3,760.49

23,626.13

1,977.13

Rents, exclusive of Lands,

59,100

59,115.17

15.17

Clerk of Councils,

1,060

948.68

110.10

1,058.78

Surveyor General,

40,837

32,367.50

5,131,59

37,499.09

Licences.

252,900

237,154.36

Taxes,

361,500

387,137.14

...

237,154.36

400

15,745.64

Government Gardens & Plantations,

5,322

5,166.06

1.22

3,337.91

155.94

Postmaster General,

91,200

74.835.58

1,111.93

75,947,51

15,252.49

387,137.14 25,637.14

Registrar General,

18,059

18,357.16

298.16

Harbour Master,

37,124

39.681.62

832.07

40,513.69

3,389.69

Postage,

105,000

98,822.56

6,177.41

Lighthouses,

7,508

3,724.57

1,107.30

4,831.87

2,676,13

Collector of Stamp Revenue,

4,612

4,441.49

97.73

4,539.22

102.78

Fincs, Forfeitures and Fees of Court,

9,400

Fecs of Office,.............

73,330

Sale of Government Property,

500

Reimbursements,

Interest,

16,897,57

103,752.32 103,918.52 30,588.52

1,891.17 1,891.17 1,391.17 35,633 25,076.44 4,192,96 29,269.40 15,000 20,256.50 2,059.72 22,316,22 7,316.22

*16,897.57 7,497.57

Judicial Departments,

51,498

42,860.14

5,098.06

47,958.20

3,539,80

Ecclesiastical Department,.

5,498

5,498.00

166,20

Educational

do.,

34,119

32,135.26

1,129.92

33,265.18

853.82

Medical

do.,

30,514

29,089.77

5,315.77

34,405.54 3,861,54

...

Police Magistrates' do.,

19,597

17,814.04

1,441,22

19,258,26

338.74

Police 6,363.60 Gaol

do.,

177,489 161,753.07

21,579.26

183,332.33

5,843.33

do.,

46,656

47,298.92

47,298.02

642.92

Fire Brigade

do.,

15,096

10,699.57

3,333.41

14,032.98

1,063.02

...

Pensions, &c.,

25,000

9,733.32 | 19,527.58

29,260.90 4,260.90

Charitable Allowances,

4,000

3,970.00

30.00

Miscellaneous Receipts,

16,000

24,903.63

24,903.63 8,903.63

Transport,

4,500

1,133.32

2,274.13

3,107.45

1,092.55

Works and Buildings, ·

78,800

59,781.01

499.99

60,281.00

...

18,519.00

Roads, Streets, and Bridges,

40,520

38,785.15 1,350.02

40,136.07

383.93

Lighthouses, (Maintenance),

3,000

2,634.03

365.97

Government Gardens and Plantations, i

(Tree Planting, &c.),.

12,000

13,668.85 290.96

13,959.81

1,959.81

Miscellaneous Services,

37,800

Military Expenditure,

106,748

52,123.22 5,113.14 108,605,17

57,236.36 | 19,436.36

...

108,605.17

1,857.17

TOTAL Colonial Revenue.......$ 1,084,663 | 1,318,037.09 6,418.88 1,324,455.97|275,008.62 35,215.65

TOTAL Colonial Expenditure,

986,422

898,580.18| 82,992.92

981,582.10 43,689.63| 48,529,53

Deposits Available,

Deposits not Available,. Advance Account,

Family Remittances,.

Subsidiary Coins,

Crown Agents,

Praya Wall and Piers,

Exchange Account,

Balance, 1st January, 1881,

TOTAL,..

* $5,497.79 of Fees are paid by Stamps.

A. F. ALVES,

Accountant,

Colonial Treasury. Hongkong, 21st April, 1882.

AECOM PÅ

81,100.00

8,441.22

18,714.86

25.321.43

25,321.43

....

60,000.00 7.874.22

67,874.22

309,883.90

220.00

2,603.51

Deposits Available,

60,000.00

Deposits not Available,

8,024,82

8,024.82

Advance Account,

18,133.82

790.92

18,924.74

Family Remittances,

27,519.66

Subsidiary Coins,

8,608.83 59,265.39

67,874.22

Crown Agents,

545,676.51 15,204.19

560,880.70

136,486.92

136,186,92

321,177.00 | 1,650,925,03 | 324,177.00| 1,975,102.00

Praya Wall and Piers,.

Investment by Crown Agents,

Balance on hand, 31st December, 1881,

TOTAL,

1,650,925.03 | 324,177.00 1,975,102.03

10,170.70 231.06

10,401.76-

138,172.86

138,172.80

101,721.17

101.721.17

AIERACE THË' REVENUE AND L.

Examined,

FREDERICK STEWART,

Seting Auditor General.

GDITURE of fËË COLONY OF HONGKONG IS 30 AND 1881.

J. RUSSELL. Colonial Treasurer.

Colonial Treasury. Hongkong, 21st April, 1882.

SKOCOWAMANE,

Acting Auditor General.

Colonial Treasurer.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE REVENUỀ AND LÁ

NDITURE OF THÀ COLONY OF HONGKONG IN

REVENUE.

1880.

1881.

INCREASE.

Land RevENUE:—

Leased Lands,..

125,167.36

123,115.59

DECREASE.

2,051.77

EXPENDITURE.

SU AND 1881

1880.

-1881.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

CIVIL DEPARTMTMENTS:—

Lands occupied by Chinese Villagers, Squatters, &c., {

not leased,

2,311.39

2,745.44

The Governor,

434.05

Colonial Secretary,......

32,796.43

33,072.78

276.35

Stone Quarries,

21,813.45

22,411.77

598.32

12,954.00

13,200.00

246.00

Treasurer,..

Fees on Grant of Leases,

9,994.68

10,017.84

23:16

330.00

310.00

20.00

Auditor,

Spirit Retailers,

PREMIA ON LAND SALES,..

LICENCES :-

Pawnbrokers,

5,998.35

203,659.20

197,660.85

Clerk of Councils,

19,058.55

23,626.13

4,567.58

RENTS EXCLUSIVE OF LANDS,.

59,668.81

50,115,17

553.64

Surveyor General,

1,054.69

1,058.78

4.09

Government Gardens and Plantations,

37,893.25

37,499.09

394.16

25,446.52

26,538.94

1,092.42

Postmaster General,

4,364.70

5,166.06

801.36

92,042.30

75,947.51

10,500.00

13,650,00

3,150.00

Registrar General,

16,094.79

Auctioneers,...

2,700.00

8,000.00

300.00

Harbour Master,.

15,968.86

18,357.16

2,388.30

Tenements for Emigrants,

37,407.53

40,513.69

131.10

Emigration Brokers,

2,200.00

Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys,

875.00

1.28.75

2,400.00

776.00

2.35

Lighthouses,

3,106.16

200.00

Collector of Stamp Revenue,

5,138.56

4,831.87

306,69

100.00

Judicial Departments,.

4,672.57

4,539.22

133.35

Opium Monopoly,

205,000.00

187,916.67

17,083.33 | Registrar of Companies Department,

48,933.89

47,958.20

975.69

55.17

55.47

Boarding Houses,.

192.00

Ecclesiastical

do.,

Marriage,

347.00

233.00

114.00

Educational

4,679.71

5,498.00

819,29

do.,

Chinese Undertakers,

100.00

90.00

10.00

Medical

31,696.84

33,265.18

1,568.34

do.,

Money Changers,

755.00

780.00

25.00

Police Magistrates'

37,308.38

34,405.54

2,902.84

do.,

Marine Store Dealers,.

18,631.70

1,185.00

1,140.00

45.00

Pólice

19,258.26

626.56

do.,

176,312.30

Spirit Distillers,

2,064.75

310.00

1,754.75

Gaol

183,332.33

7,020,03

do.,

TAXES:-

Fire Brigade

45,729.19

47,298.02

1,569.73

do.,

Stamps,

120,678.96

165,340.91

44,661.95

Pensions, Retired Allowances, and Gratuities,

11,662.90 14,032.98

2,370.08

25,519,21

Police, Lighting, Water and Fire Brigade Rates,

230,557.31

221,796.23

8,761.08

Charitable Allowances,

29,260.90

3,741.69

Postage,

92,615.57

98,822.56

6,206.99

******

Transport,

3,994.00

3,970.00

24.00

Fincs of Courts,

7,449.08

10,648.03

3,198.95

Works and Buildings,

3,004.63

3,407.45

402.82

Forfeitures of Courts,

905.98

710.20

195.78

Roads, Streets, and Bridges,

51,395.61

60,281.00

8,885.39

Fees of Courts,

44,192.58

4,594.76

5,539,31

944.58

Lighthouses (Maintenance)

40,136.07

4,056.51

FEES OF OFFICE :—

Govt. Gardens and Plantations, (Tree planting, &c.),

2,181.39

2,634.03

152.64

On Cemetery Burials,

364.00

968.25

601.25

Miscellaneous Services,

9,620.74

13,959.81

4,339.07

Licences for Junks, &c.,

45.235.08

18,807.50

19,839.50

1,032.00

Military Expenditure,.....

57,236.36

12,001.28

Registry of Boats,

105,355.14

3,066.70

3,053.68

108,605.17

3,250.03

13.02

Do.

of Cargo Boats and Crew,

2,113.75

2,843.53

369.78

Do.

of Hawkers,

2,837,25

3,696.25

859.00

Cargo Boat Certificates,

385,00

487.00

102.00

Registration of Householders,

1,748.25

1,813.00

61.75

Official Signatures,.

Do.

Registration of Deeds,

Shipping Seamen,

Examination of Masters, &C.,

of Servants, &C.,

89.00

91.00

2.00

80.00

88.00

8.00

3,759,60

9,369.62

5,610.12

6,392.00

6,940.00

548.00

1,890.00

2,090.00

200.00

Survey of Steam-ships, &c.,

4,151.00

7,231.17

3,080.17

Colonial Registers,...

70.00

45.00

25.00

Merchant Shipping Act,

...

242.75

317.00

74.25

Registry of Carriages, Chairs, &c.,

Registration of Company,.

Medical Fees on Examination of Emigrants,

Registration of Births, &c.,

Light Dues,

1,972.40

890.00

13,965.00

42.30

18,095.07

2,891.90

849.50

919.50

40.50

18,919.25

35.10

4,954.25

7.20

20,755.11

2,660.07

Licences, &c., for Steam Launches,

245.00

382.50

137.50

Official Administrator and Assignee,

1,530.36

550.93

979.43

Registration of Trade Marks,

141.20

111.20

Licences for Chinese Passenger Ships,

Sale of Government Property,

440.00

1,302.21

520.00

80.00

Reimbursements,

34,534.22 29,269.40

Interest,

Miscellaneous Receipts,

$ 1,069,947.64 |1,324,455.97

588.96 21,287.66 22.316.22 1,028.56 14,558.78 24,903.63 10,344.85 291,530.00

1,891.17

5,264.82

37,021.67

948.014.33

981,582.10

58,511.27 24,943.50

Deduct Decrease,

Nett Increaѕс,

37,021.67

254,508.33

Deduct Decrease,

Colonial Treasury. Victoria, Hongkong, 21st April, 1882,

A. F. ALVES,

Nett Increase,

Examined,

FREDERICK STEWART,

Accountant.

Acting Auditor General.

24,943.50

33,567.77

J. RUSSELL, Colonial Treasurer.

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION-No. 179.

The following Annual Report from the Harbour Master, with the Returns accompanying it, is published for general information.

By Command,

FREDERICK STEwart,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 15th April, 1882.

Νο. 100.

HARBOUR DEPARTMENT, HONGKONG, 18th March, 1882.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward the Annual Returns of this Department for the year ending the 31st December, 1881.

I. Number, Tonnage and Crews of Vessels entered.

II. Number, Tonnage and Crews of Vessels cleared.

III. Number, Tonnage and Crews of Vessels of each Nation entered. IV. Number, Tonnage and Crews of Vessels of each Nation cleared.

V. Total Number, Tonnage and Crews of Vessels entered at each Port. VI. Total Number, Tonnage and Crews of Vessels cleared at each Port. VII. Return of Junks entered from Macao.

VIII. Return of Junks cleared for Macao.

IX. Return of Junks entered at each Port from China and Formosa."

X. Return of Junks cleared at each Port for China and Formosa.

XI. Gross Total Number of Junks entered at each Port.

XII Gross Total Number of Junks cleared at each Port.

XIII. Return of Junks (Local Trade) entered.

XIV. Return of Junks (Local Trade) cleared.

XV. Summary of Arrivals and Departures of all Vessels, and of all Chinese Passengers. XVI. Return of Vessels registered.

XVII. Return of Vessels struck off the Register.

XVIII Amount of Fees received under Section III of Ordinance No. 8 of 1879.

XIX: Return of Chinese Passenger Ships cleared by the Emigration Officer.

XX. Return of Vessels bringing Chinese Passengers to Hongkong from Places out of China. XXI. Return of Marine Cases tried.

XXII. Diagram of Tonnage of Vessels entered.

SHIPPING.

2. The total arrivals, exclusive of Junks, at Hongkong for the year ending the 31st December 1881, amount to 3,214 vessels and 2,853,279 tons, being an excess of 333 vessels and 317,692 tons over the arrivals in 1880. Of this excess 233 vessels and 225,978 tons were under the British flag,. and 100 vessels and 91,714 tons were under European, and other flags.

3. Of the arrivals in 1881, the percentage due to each Nationality is as follows:-

Nationality.

Percentage of tons.

American,

British,

Chinese (exclusive of Junks),

Danish,

French,

German,.

Japanese,

Siamese,.

Spanish,

The remainder,

Percentage of vessels.

3.82

4.58

71.74

73.75

4.41

4.06

1.83

1.38

3.20

5.78

10.95

7.29

0.81

1.01

0.65

0.36

1.18

0.48

1.36

1.28

4. 2,750 vessels propelled by Steam, and 2,599,460 tons arrived in 1881, as against 2,465 steam vessels and 2,316,121 tons arrived in 1880, or an increase of 285 vessels and 283,339 tons.

The following table will show the Nationality of the steam vessels arrived in each year :--

1880.

1881.

Increase.

Decrease.

Nationality.

No. of vessels.

Tons.

No. of vessels.

Tons.

No. of vessels.

Tons.

No. of vessels.

Tons.

American,

53,650

48,439

5,211

Annamese,

...

272

Austrian,

3,179

14,465

11,286

Belgian, ......

1,125

...

1,125

British,

1,946

1,821,705

2,164

2,033,986

218

212,281

•

...

Chinese (foreign bottoms),

154

125,869

142

115,926

9,943

Danish,

5,950

36,392

30,442

Dutch,

12,191

8,858

3,333

French,

153,511

155,897

...

2,386

German,

115

90,657

178

135,449

44,792

Japanese,

25,635

28,869

3,234

...

Norwegian,

Russian,

၁၁

1,810

2,274

7,535

5,261

Spanish,

18,565 37

13,372

13 5,193

5. The trade in sailing vessels (exclusive of Junks) has also increased, there having been 464 vessels and 253,819 tons arrived in 1881, as against 416 vessels and 219,466 tons arrived in 1880. Of this increase 15 vessels and 13,697 tons were under the British flag, and 33 vessels with 20,656 tons were under the flags of Nations not British.

6. There is an increase of 17,488 tons from the Australian Colonies, and there is a small decrease of tonnage to those Colonies. The excess of arrivals over departures is caused by vessels carrying Cargo from England to Australia, loading there with Coals for China, and returning to England with Chinese and Japanese produce. There is an increase (including Junks) of 190,351 tons from, and an increase of 161,178 tons to the Coast of China and Formosa. There is an increase of 44,945 tons * from, and of 9,505 tons direct to Great Britain, but the actual tonnage to and from Great Britain cannot be ascertained, as the greater number of vessels proceeding there clear for, and enter here from Singapore, and in the absence of an Export and Import office it is impossible to distinguish between what tonnage is for, or what is from Great Britain, and what is for, or from the intermediate Ports. There is a decrease of 9,568 tons from Ports in Japan, and an increase of 21,773 tons to those Ports. There is a steady and increasing trade in European vessels and Junks between Hongkong, the Island of Hainan, and Ports in the Gulf of Tonquin, an increase of 15,322 tons having arrived from, and of 19,441 tons having cleared to those places.

Captains NAPIER and CARPENTER, R.N., in H. M. S. Magpie having completed their survey. of the Coast of Hainan, and the Gulf of Tonquin, masters of vessels will find the navigation of the waters about the dangerous Sandbanks which almost block the approaches to Hainan, much facilitated, and Shipmasters cannot be too grateful to the Captains and Officers of the Magpie for their valuable and laborious services.

Siam shows an increase of 18,770 tons from, and of 12,185 tons to that Country. An increase of the trade between the Colony and the United States of America is also observable, 18,454 more tons having arrived from, and 8,915 more tons having cleared for those States than was the case in 1880.

JUNK TRADE.

7. 24,339 Junks and 1,680,025 tons arrived in the Colony in 1881, as against 23,920 Junks and 1,650,258 tons arrived in 1880, shewing an increase of 419 Junks and 29,767 tons. There is an increase of 46,436 tons in the trade with the Coast of China and Formosa, and a decrease of 16,669

tons with Macao.

EMIGRATION.

8. Emigration during the year has been largely on the increase, 20,300 Chinese having left this Port in 1881 in excess of the number leaving Hongkong the previous year.

It is a strange commentary on the recent Convention, entered into between the United States of America and China for the purpose of checking emigration, to find that 14,127 more Chinese have been introduced into those States than landed there in 1880, and Chinese are still going over in large numbers, for the purpose of constructing new Railroads. The Chinese on arrival get high wages and the protection of the law, and their condition in America is far superior to what they experience in their native country.

9. The Australian Governments have adopted a more practical means of putting a stop to the Immigration of Chinese into those Colonies, by laws which in their effect almost completely prohibit a Chinaman from seeking his living on that Continent. How far this prohibition is in accordance with the existing Treaties with China, and the expediency of shutting out the most sober and industrious race in the world from a Continent wanting labourers, are not matters for discussion in this report.

10. The Northern Territory of South Australia still admits Chinese, but the inducement to go there does not seem to be very encouraging, as only 172 left for Port Darwin in 1881, while 2,268 left for that Port in 1880.

There is a large and increasing emigration to the Straits Settlements, there being an excess of 5,400 over the number leaving Hongkong the previous year. Employment is found for them, not alone in the Straits Settlements, but in the Malay States, and in the neighbouring Island of Sumatra. 11. The following tables will show the number of emigrants that have passed through this Office between the years 1872 and 1881, inclusive, together with the Countries to which they proceeded; also the number of Chinese returned to the Colony during the same period:-

NUMBERS IN.

TOTAL

COUNTRIES

PROCEEDED TO.

1872. 1873.

1874. 1875. 1876. 1877.

1878. 1879. 1880. 1881.

IN THE LAST 10

YEARS.

British Columbia,

...

240

British Guiana,

506

Calcutta,

...

California, U.S.A.

9,147 16,640 15,988 -19,168 14,034 | 9,562 | 6,340

6,811

New South Wales,

507

261

312

775 2,142

793

New Zealand, . Oregon, U.S.A. Philippine Islands, Queensland,

Sandwich Islands,

2,082

6,235 19,339 3,643

123,264

10,555

178

560

766

478

121

345

135

2,638

1,215

994

545

580

915

1,083

1,764

2,208

1,021 2,044

12,369

952 2,447

2,447

2,658

1,284

2,714 774

277

235

216

11,557

220

...

532

8,618

6,732

6,732 6,530

22,947

111

1,118 | 1,102

2,331

Siam,...

South Australia,.

Straits Settlements,

Sumatra,..

786 344

1,044 2,337

3,200 4,259 3,200 4,259

3,989

4,374

6,305 6,635

33,278

97 1,812 1,771

2,268 172

Vancouver's Island, Victoria,

155

203

9,790 7,743 9,623 15,158 16,254 15,029 20,630

156 661 265 355 142 206 144 429

6,120

16,421

31,145 | 36,545178,338

...

156

282 418

435

1,151 3,149

526

448 2,071

West Indies,

322

TOTAL,...... 22,443 | 28,768 31,866 8,152 46,350 39,741 38,653 33,529 50,324 70,625 410,451

COUNTRIES

NUMBERS IN.

TOTAL

IN THE

ARRIVED FROM

1872. 1873. 1874. 1875.

California, U.A.S.

Cuba,.......

3,721 | 5,724 | 7,454 | 5,503

58.

1876. 1877. 1879. 1879. 1880.

6,871 7,130 6,611 6,800 7,135

1881.

LAST 10

YEARS.

7,939

64,388

...

New South Wales,

•

404

557

New Zealand,

190

284 322

Oregon, U.S.A.

538

231

371 673 190 233 136 459

365

145

297 903 634 796

5,190

182

1,717

394

834'

330

858 514

330

4,488

Peru,

172

151

523

Philippine Islands,

3,236 | 3,438 | 3,694 4,811

4,960 4,437

5,173

4,937 | 3,272

37,958

Queensland,

1,222

2,346 2,667

2,458

Sandwich Islands,

Siam,

719 968

30 1,244 1,845

1,845 1,475

111

101

2,802

South Australia,..

2,537

Straits Settlements,

Victoria,

292 609. 117 340

TOTAL,

883 1,997

14,547 13,452 19,117 23,886 25,972 30,088 29,775 82,775 38,901 36,950 259,963 2,824 23,778 25,355 32,319 38,502 42,890 48,746 47,882 | 50,542 51,011 52,983 413,503

795 820 107 2,977 | 3,197 23 401 690

688

10,996

437

835 1,621

4,016 | 21,780

46 127 345

· 405

229

814

REGISTRY OF SHIPPING.

12. Four vessels have been registered, and seven have been struck off the register books of this Colony, during the year under review.

MARINE MAGISTRATE'S COURT.

13. The cases tried in this Court are the same as in 1880, the principal offences being Drunken- ness, Refusal of Duty, and Assault.

EXAMINATIONS FOR THE POSTS OF MASTERS, MATES AND ENGINEERS, UNDER

SECTION XV OF ORDINANCE No. 8 OF 1879.

14. The following lists will show the number of Candidates who passed, and those who failed in obtaining Certificates ot Competency :-

Masters,..

First Mates, Only Mates,

Second Mates,..

RANK.

First Class Engineers,

Second Class Engineers,

PASSED.

FAILED.

Q∞∞

MARINE COURTS, UNDER SECTION XIII OF ORDINANCE No. 8 OF 1879.

15. The following Courts have been held during the year :--

;

1. On the 14th May, 1881,-inquiry as to the stranding of the British Steam-ship Lorne, Official number 62,297 of Leith, on the right bank of the River Han near Peaked Rock, at the entrance to Swatow. The Master's (JOHN MCKECHNIE) Certificate of Competency was returned.

2. On the 23rd May, 1881,-inquiry as to the stranding of the British Steam-ship

Hailoong, Official number 65,082 of Aberdeen, on the South point of the Island of Quemoy near the Port of Amoy. The Master's (WILLIAM YOUNG HUNTER) Certificate of Competency was suspended for six months.

3. On the 17th October, 1881,-inquiry as to the loss of the Britisi barque Bolton Abbey, Official number 49,896 of Liverpool, on the South-east side of the Pratas Shoal. The Master's (JOHN WILLIAMS) Certificate of Competency was returned. 4. On the 24th October, 1881,-inquiry as to the loss of the British ship Geraldine Paget, Official number 63,572 of London, on the South-east side of the Pratas Shoal. The Master's (STEPHEN WILKINSON) Certificate of Competency was returned.

In the case of the Bolton Abbey the members of the Court expressed themselves as follows:-

"The Court cannot too strongly express their opinion that the Pratas Shoal should be provided with lights. The Shoal was surveyed in 1858; and, being in the track "of the numerous ships navigating the China Sea, has been a fruitful source of disaster, as is evidenced by the many vessels wrecked on this highly dangerous "and as yet unmarked Shoal."

The members of the Court of enquiry into the case of the Geraldine Paget expressed themselves as follows:-

"We repeat the opinion given at the recent Marine Court of enquiry that the Pratas

Shoal should" be efficiently lit up."

SEAMEN.

-16. 6,940 Seamen of all nationalities were shipped, and 7,281 were discharged in the year 1881. The excess of discharges over men shipped is caused by the former leaving the Colony without notifying their departure.

GENERAL.

17. It may not be out of place in reporting on the Marine of the Colony to call attention to what is, and has long since been admitted as a great want, a Time Ball for the benefit of Shipmasters.

As there is some delay in building the contemplated Observatory at Kowloon, I take the oppor- tunity of suggesting that the Colonial Government should make an application to the Naval Authorities with a view to a Ball being dropped daily at one o'clock on board H. M. S. Victor Emanuel. Ships are now so short a time in Port that the Captains are unable to regulate their Chronometers in tht old fashion of landing them to be rated by Messrs. FALCONER, NOBLE, and others. I would submie that, if Vice-Admiral WILLES, C.B., the Commander-in-Chief, consents to the arrangement, the Officer having charge of this duty be paid for his responsibility out of the Light Dues, which are ample to meet this charge.

FEES.

18. The fees collected by this Department during the year were as follows:-

Emigration fees, under Ordinance No. 5 of 1874, No. 5 of 1876, and No.

of 1878,..

III of Ordinance 8 of 1879, Registry of Ships,

$ C.

21,839.25

Fees under Section

Do.

VII

Do.

XVI

Do.

XXXIV

Do.

XXXVII

"",

Do.

XXXVIII

Do.

XXXIX

Do.

XLIV

Sale of Printed forms,

317.00

Survey and measurement of Ships, 7,231.17

do. under 50 tons,

382.50

Examination Masters, Mates, &c..... 2,090.00

Shipping Seamen,

6,940.00

Light dues, (not paid by Chinese

Junks

©),..... ........20,755.14

Storage of Gunpowder,

.17,787.35

Registration &c. of Junks (paid by Chinese),19,839.50

Junks

Cargo-boats' Certificates,

487.00

Harbour Regulations, Sale of,

61.00

814.50

Total,......

.$98,544.41

It will be seen from the above return that, although Chinese Junks pay for licences, &c., under Section 38, they are exempt from the payment of light dues under Section 34, and that the difference was, for the last year, $915.64 in their favour.

BREAKWATER.

19. The construction of the Breakwater for the Harbour of Refuge is progressing, but to make this Refuge complete it will be necessary to dredge a considerable portion of the inclosed space. A good dredging machine, if the Colony possessed one, would always find employment, as the foreshore is constantly silting up, forming an embankment along the Praya, which, at low water, not only prevents cargo and other boats from getting close inshore to discharge and load, but the filth deposited by the drains creates such a stench, especially in the summer months, that it only requires one's hours to be spent as mine are, in an Office on the Praya, fully to appreciate the evil.

I have the honour to be,

The Honourable

THE ACTING COLONIAL SECRetary,

&c.,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

&c.

&c.,

H. G. THOMSEtt, r.n.,

Harbour Master, &c.

I.-NUMBER, TONNAGE, and CREWs of Vessels ENTERED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong from each Country, in the Year 1881.

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

BRITISH.

COUNTRIES WHENCE ARRIVED.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews Vessels.

Tons.

Crews Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Vessels. Tons. Crews. Vossola.

Tons. Crews. Vossela

Tons.

Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Vossels.

Tons. Crews.

Australia and New Zealand,

British Columbia, ....................................................................................................

48] 45,602 1,686

48]

45,602 1,686

...

***

...

456 24,170

750| 15

874

...

British North America,

***

...

Coast of China and Formosa,.....

1,157 1,227,844 50,510|

Cochin China,

Continent of Europe,

81,903 2,995

4,613

894

187

...

Great Britain,

India and Singapore,

Japan,

Java and other Islands in the Indian Archi-

pelago,

442

160 202,173 5,671| 111] 136,124) 7,893 50,871 2,590

396

196,599 17,524|

887

153

137

69 104,115 5,706)

...

54,945 987

014

...

111

186,124| 7,893]

6,000

202

***

...

་་.

50,871| 2,590

66,122 4,376

1,458

896

4,500

297

787

261

BAR

***

1,881

443 107,980 17,540||

930

138,383 23,867

156

871

85,439 1,214 1,200 1,263,283 51,724 15,976 1,370,447 208.709 7,679 467,388 86,857 23,655 1,837,835 295,568 17,133 2,598,291 259,219

27,936

...

81,903 2,995

4,613

202,560 5,761

8741 26

7,722|| 502,827 88,071 24,855 3,101,118 847,200

136 109,839 8,889 74 108,728 5,843 204 257,505 6,748 123 142,124 8,095 105 118,451 6,988

885

12 5,688 15,083 1,924 1,529 350,065 43,315

24,170 456) 750 15

874

69,772 2,142

750

791

69,772 2,14%

750

27,936 69 104,115 5,706]

54,915 987

136 109,839 8,889

894 74 108,728 5,843] 201| 257,118 6,658

...

887

6,000 202

123|| 142,124 8,095

67,580 4,398

5,287

3231

13,702 1,908|| 1,086| 152,085|25,775||

101 116,993 6,966|

10 4,896 1,372|| 334,982 41,391|

1,458

309

787

223

157

675

6751

Manritios,

675|

North Pacific,

***

...

675 14

...

320

159

479 88

320|

159

479

...

Philippine Islands,

20,238 1,724)

920

21,158 1,753

16,666 1,494

700 701

17,366 1,564

86,904 3,218)

1,620

88,524 8,317

Ports in Hainan and the Gulf of Tonquin,

25,322 2,047)

67 16

25,389||2,062|

49.616 3,222

...

49,616 8,222}

170

4,701

151

1,170

5,871

183

Sandwich Islands.................................................................................

...

47,074 1,966

48 24,557

943

...

South America,...................................................................................................................

South Pacific,

United States of America,

***

1,363

...

221

...

26,675 1,162

...

26,075 1,162

69 11 48,103 1,719

•

TOTAL,.

,066,109

2,257 2,066,109 95,931

491

***

...

74,778 2,881

88,194 1,364 2,306 2,104,803 97,295 17,102|1,942,274 253,091 7,845 486,727 88,956 25,247 2,429,001 312,050 19,659 4,008,883 349,026 7,894 524,921 90,320 27,558 4,533,304| 439,346

2,429,001

59|4,008,888||

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, &c.

21,557 943)

74,938 5,269|

4,701 120 71,631 2,909|

171

75,005, 5,284

151

1,170

5,871

183

1201

71,631 2,909

...

1. 1,863

69 11 48,103 1,719) 87

1,363

...

74,778 2,881

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, &o.

COUNTRIES TO WHICH DEPARTED.

Australia and New Zealand,

British Columbia,

British North America,

Coast of China and Formosa,

1,1301,229,352 49,593

Cochin China,

29,332 1,360

Continent of Europe,

851

...

Great Britain,

59,487 2,440||

...

59,278 2,2821 29 851 59,487 2,440] 17

19,283 650 68,266 4,754

6,351

...

II.-NUMBER, Tonnage and CREWS of Vessels CLEARED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong for each Country, in the Year 1880.

WITH CarooES.

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

IN BALLAST.

TOTALA

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

Vessels.

211

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

21,247 9321 Ju 468 13

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

...

BAD

...

106

1,386 33 573 14 2,799 61 76.920 2,575 1,236 1,306,272 52,168 16,918 1,436,759 222,229 29,946 922

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

21,247 9321 463 13

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

...

356 11

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

TOTAL.

IN BALLAST.

TOTALA

Tons. Crews. Vessels. Tons. Crews.vesacis. Tons. Crews. Vnstc{t, Tons.

1,386) 33

929

4,162 84

22,633) 965

...

1,363 373,654 68,998 23,269 1,810,418 291,227 18,048 2,666,111 271,822 6,457 8,618 282 43 27,901| 932

1,0361 27 3 2,799 61

35G

76|

48,615 2,010]

1,363 23: 41 450,574 71,573 24,5053,116, 38,564 1,204

1211

87,179

1,214

...

68,266 4,754;

BGI

69,117 4,776]

...

13,550

315

India and Singapore,

151

195,042 8,531

8,300 734

154 198,342 8,610)

231

25,664 924

763

4,804

279

14,313 594

73,037 2,755)

763 270!

36 69, 56! 73.800

2.776

27|

29.968 993

174

220,706) 9,455]

7,604

158)

Japan,

75,744 3,318 18

11,401

852

87,145 8,665

62,958 4,210

1,359 44

691

64,317 4,254

120 138,702 7,623

1911 228,810) 5,003

12,760

396

Java and other Islands in the Indian Archi-

pelago,

8,134 88

2,053

5,187 151

***

6,570 113

5,570 113

4 8,134 88

7,623

176

186 181.462 7919

18] 10,757 264

Масло,

441| 197,798|17,484|

...

441||

197,798 17,484

953 144,362 24,058

6,051

756 1,001

150,413 24,814

1,394

842,16 41,542

6,051

756 1,442 848.211 42,208

North Pacific,

8,225

8,225 901

1,291 77

2,367

3,658 137

1,291

5,592|

150

6,688

227

Philippine

Islands,

451

22,196 1,816! 16

14,275 862

36,471 2,178

12,639 1,067

871

83,814 700

68]

46,453 1,767

34,835 2,883

48,089 1,062|

129

82.924 8.945

Ports in Hainan and the Gulf of Tonquin,......

25,185 2,047

1,158 51

26,343 2,098

50,384 3,303

1,098

100

61,482 3,364

172

75,569 5,350

2,256

112

1761

Sandwich Islands,

Russia in Asia...................................................................................................

627

...

627

5,491 171

...

5,491

171

101

6,118) 200

...

77,825 6,462 6,118]

200

GOD

4081

...

Siam,...

67 39,020

South Africa,

695

1,716

2,209

41,729 1,783

17,584

741

...

408

408) 13

408

8,916

190

21,500

931

57,104 2,457

6,125

257

108)

63,229 2,714

695

...

•

Sonth America,

...

South Pacific,

...

United States of America,

2,531

...

695

2,531

2,531 461

2,531

521

West Indies,.

45,945 1,765:

939

2,506

48,451

939

1,818

5,649

...

TOTAL,...

2,111 1,947,557 91,198||

...

44 66,408 1,928

187 146,993 4,614 2,2982,094,550 95,812 18,2641,032,336 264,501 6,489 448,934 71,691 24,753 2,381,270 336,285 20,975 3,879,893 855,702 6,676 595,927 76,305 27,051 4,475,820) 482,087

91 19

72,057 2,019

76 112,353 8,693 1

8,155

144

939 21

...

84 120,508 8,837 21

...

939

།

''' ་

III.--NUMBER, Tonnage and Crews of Vessels of Each Nation ENTERED at the Port of Victoria, in the Colony of Hongkong, in the Year 1881.

ENTERED.

NATIONALITY OF VESSELS.

WITH CARGoes.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels,

Tons.

Crews.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

American,

Annamese,

113

124,898

3,368

5,767

177

272

123 2

...

130,665 272

3,545 41

Austrian,

British,

14,465

516

...

14,465

516

2,257

2,066,109

95,931

Chinese,

138

113,240 6,823

38,194 2,686

1,364

2,306

2,104,303

97,295

185

142

115,926

7,008

Chinese Junks,

16,549

1,228,648 218,318 1,228,648218,318

7,790

451,377

87,761

24,339 1,680,025 | 306,079

Danish,

32,408 1;186

7,124

215

39,532

1,401

Dutch,... French,

German,

9,361

652

9,361

652

102

163,875

11,526

1,217

103

165,092

11,548

324

191,691

6,288

16,460

509

352

208,151

6,797

Hawaiian,

1,363

Japanese,

28,869

2,059

28,869

2,059

Norwegian,

549

Portuguese,

632

Russian,

8,016

304

461

8,477

328

Siamese,

10,383

448

10,383

448

Spanish,

13,414

1,475

27.2

13,686

1,516

Swedish,..

1,553

...

1,553

TOTAL, 19,659 4,008,383 349,025

7,894

524,921

90,320

27,553 4,533,304 | 439,345

H. G. TROMsett, r.n., Harbour Master, &c.

IV.-NUMBER, TONNAGE and CREWS of Vessels of each Nation CLEARED at Ports in the Colony of Hongkong,

in the Year 1881.

CLEARED.

NATIONALITY

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

OF VESSELS.

TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews. Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

Americau,.

Annamese, .....

Austrian,

86,476 411 15,827

2,678

33,593

639

114 3

120,069

3,317

579

411 15,827

56 579

British,

2,111

1,947,557

91,198

187

Chinese,

Chinese Junks,

145 17,569 | 1,324,660

Danish,

117,812 1,324,660 24,586

7,219

232,038

6,284

146,993 3,555 317,951

4,614 460

2,298 151

2,094,550

95,812

121,367

7,679

67,691

23,853

1.642,611 |299,729

860

13,666

500

38,252 1,360

Dutch,....

7,821

661

2,577

105

10,398

766

French,

159,833

11,306

3,652

108

100

163,485

11,414

German,

223

134,513

4,742

115

66,870

1,925

338

201,383

6,667

Hawaiian,

1,363

Honduras,

Japanese,.

510 28,869

510

2,065

28,869

2,065

Norwegian,.

275

Portuguese,

632

Russian,

6,047

19 336

•

632

Siamese,

9,130

480

Spanish,

Swedish,

14,254 955

1,509

2422

1,752

7,799

377

2,834

140

11,964

620

268

14,522

1,536

578

1,533

TOTAL,...

20,375 3,879,893 355,792 6,676 595,927 .76,305

27,051 | 4,475,820 | 432,097

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, &c.

V. TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE AND CREWS OF VESSELS ENTERED AT EACH PORT IN THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, IN THE YEAR 1881..

1. BRITISHI.

FOREIGN.

NAMES

OF PORTS.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES,

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

Vis.

Tons. Crews. Vis.

Tons. Crews. Vis. Tons. Crews. VI9. Tons. Crews. Vls.

Tons. Crews. Vis.

Aberdeen,

...

asa

Shaukiwán,.

Stanley,.

Victoria,

...

2,257|2,066.109| 95,931| 40

Yaumáti,

Total,..

16,097 4,075 20,720 4,572| 14,036 1,764| 38,194 1,304 2,306 2,101,30307,20516,061|1,827,049 236,362 3,015 64,372 6,321 2,714 2,257|2,066,109 95,931| 19 38,191| 1,364||2,306 2,104,303 97,205 17,402 1,042,271 253,091 7,845

372

...

419

719

146

59,818 14,500|| 372 66,029 11,550| 4191 22,280 2,981 146

...

404

TOTAL.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Tons. Crews. Vls.

Tons. Crews.

707

719

43,721 10,431| 1,079|

59,818 14,506

45,309| 6,978| 1,138|

66,029 11,550

8,244 1,217 230

22,280| 2,081

Tons. Crews. Vis.

707 43,721 10,431 1,079 16,007 4,075

45,309 6,978 1,138 20,720| 4,572|

8,244 1,217 236 14,036 1,764 234,484 35,511 19,676 2 061,533 271,873 18,318 3,893.158 332,293 3,664 154,069 34,819 3,118 219,341 41,140404 64,372 6,321 2,714 486,727 88,056 25,247 2,129,001 3-12,050 19,659 4,008,383 349,025 7,894| 524,021|00,320| 27,553| 4,533,304|139,346

272,678 36,875 21,982 4,165.836 369,168 154,969 34,819 3,118 219,341 41,140

H. G. THOмSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, §e.

VI.-TOTAL NUMBER, TONNAGE AND CREWS OF VESSELS CLEARED AT EACH PORT IN THE COLONY OF HONGKONG, IN THE YEAR 1881.

BRITISH.

FOREIGN.

TOTAL.

NAMES

OF PORTS.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

WITH CARGOES.

IN BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vis. Tons. Crews. Vis.

Tons. Crews. Vis.

Tons, Crews.

Aberdeen, Shaukiwán,..

Stanley,.

...

Vis. Tons. Crews. Vis.

220 13,828 1,848| 855 6541 41,019] 5,638| 451 131 13,341 1,596| 105

Victoria,

2,111| 1,947,557|01,108|

Yaumáti,,

...

Crews. Vis. Tons. Crews. Vls. 58,134 14,481 2201 13,828 1,848| 855 64,917| 11,333 6541 41,010 5,638| 451 22,280 2,082| 131 13,341| 1,596| 105 187 140,993 4,014 2,298 2,094,550 95,812 16,073 1,779,909 241,067 3,249 250,926 26,965 19,322 2,030,835 268,030 18,184 3,727,466 332,265 3,436 1,186|| 83,330|14,445 1,829| 122,665 25,014 3,015| 206,004|39,450|| 1,186| 83,339 14,445

Tons. Crews. Vls.

44,306| 12,633) 1,075]

Tons.

Tons. Crews. Vis. Tons. Crews.

22,008 5,695| 1,105] 8,939 1,386 230

1,829

Total,..

2,111| 1,947,55791,198

187 146,993 4,614 2,298 2,094,550 95,812 18,264 1,982,336|264,594| 6,489|| 448,034 71,691 24,753 2,381,270 306,285 20,375 3,879,803 355,792|

6,676

44,306 12,633 1,075|| 58,134 14,481 22,008 5,695 1,105| 64,017|11,333 8,939 1,386| 236 22,280| 2,982 397,019 31,577 21,620 4,125,885 363,812 122,665 25,014 3,015| 206,004|39,459 595,927|76,305 27,051 4,175,820 432,097

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, &c.

VII.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews and Passengers of Junks ENTERED from Macao, during the Year ending 31st December, 1881.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Victoria,

930 138,383

23,867

Passen- gers.

3,745

Vessels. Tons.

Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passeu- gers.

155

13,033 1,886

180 1,085

151,416 25,753 3,925

Total,... 930 138,383

23,867 3,745

155 13,033 1,886

180

1,085

151,416 25,753 3,925

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, &c.

VIII.—Total Number, Tonnage, Crews and Passengers of Junks CLEARED for Macao, during the Year ending 31st December, 1881.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews. Passen-

Vessels. Tons.

Crews.

gers.

Passen- gers.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

Passen- gers.

Victoria,

948

140,301

23,725

4,201

6,006

739

160

.995

146,307 24,464 4,361

Total,... 948 140,301

23,725

4,201

6,006

739

160

995

146,307 24,464 4,361

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, &c.

IX.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews and Passengers of Junks ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong, from Ports on the Coast of China and Formosa, during the Year ending 31st December, 1881.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels. Tons.

Crews.

Passen- gers.

Vessels. Tons.

Crews.

Passen- gers.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Aberdeen, Shaukiwán,...

372

16,097

4,075

111

707

43,721 10,431

1,079

59,818

14,506

155

419

20,720

4,572

233

•

719

45,309

6,978

168

Stanley,

1,138

66,029

11,550

401

146

14,036

1,764

8,244

Victoria,..... 14,278

1,217

236

Yaumáti,......

975,040 177,719 | 133,030

22,280 2,981

3,405

186,101

32,430

18,742

17,683

404

64,372 6,321

2,714

154,969

34,819

142

3,118

219,341

Total,... 15,619 1,090,265 194,451 133,511

7,635

438,3+4 85,875 19,131

1,161,141 |210,149 | 151,772

23,254 1,528,609 280,326 152,642

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, fc.

41,140 238

X.-Total Number, Tonnage, Crews and Passengers of Junks CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong, for Ports on the Coast of China and Formosa, during the Year ending 31st December, 1881.

Cargo.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers..

Vessels. Tons.

Crews. Passen-

Vessels. Tons.

Crews.

gers.

Passen- gers.

Aberdeen,

Shaukiwán,..

220 13,828 654

1,848

164

855

Stanley,..

131

41,919 13,341

5,638

205

451

1,596

105

Victoria,

14,430 | 1,031,932 184,786 134,707

2,997

Yaumáti,......

1,186

Total,... 16,621 1,184,359 208,313 135,222

83,339

14,445

1,829

44,306 12,633 22,098 5,695 8,939 1,386 113,937 22,224 11,510 122,665 25,014 121

1,075

1,105

236 17,427

58,134 14,481 64,017 11,333 22,280

2,982

211 294 84

1,145,869 207,010 146,217

3,015

206,004 39,459

200

6,237

311,945 66,952-11,784.22,858

1,496,304|275,265 | 147,006

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N.,

Harbour Master, &c.

XI-Gross Total Number, Tonnage, Crews and Passengers of Junks ENTERED at each Port in the Colony of Hongkong (exclusive of Local Trade), during the Year ending 31st December, 1881.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels. Tons. Crews.

Passe -

gers.

Aberdeen,

372

16,097

4,075

111

707

43,721 10,431

1,079

Shaukiwán,...

419

20,720

4,572

233

719

45,309 6,978

168

1,138

*Stanley,

146

14,036 1,764

Victoria,

15,208

1,113,423201,586 136,775

3,560

Yaumáti,......

404

64,572 6,321

2,714

8,244 199,134 34,316 154,969 34,819

1,217

236

59,818 14,506 66,029 11,550 22,280 2,981

155

401

18,922

142

18,768 3,118

1,312,557 235,902

155.697

Total,... 16,549 | 1,228,648 218,318137,256

7,790 451,377 87,761

19,311

219,341 41,140

24,339 1,680,025 | 306,079 156,567

238

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, fc.

XII-Gross Total Number, Tonnage, Crews and Passengers of Junks CLEARED at each Port in the Colony of

Hongkong (exclusive of Local Trade), during the Year ending 31st December, 1881.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Vesrels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels.

Passen-

Tons.

Crews.

gers.

Aberdeen,

220

13,828

1,848

164

855

44,306 12,633

1,075

58,134 14,481

211

Shaukiwán,..

654

41,919

5,638

205

451

22,098

5,695

1,105

64,017 11,333

294

Stanley, ......

131

13,341

1,596

105

8,939

1,386

Victoria,

15,378 | 1,172,233

208,511 |138,908

3,044

119,943

22,963

11,670

236 18,422 | 1,292,176 |231,474

22,280 2,982

150,578

Yaumáti,.....

1,186

83,339 14,445

1,829

122,665

25,014

121

Total,... 17,569 1,324,660 232,038 139,423

6,284

317,951 67,691

3,015

11,944 23,853 1,642,611 299,729 151,367

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, &c.

206,004 39,459

200

XIII.-Return of Junks ( Local Trade) ENTERED at the Port of Victoria from the Out-stations of the Island and the Villages in British Kaulung, during the Year ending 31st December, 1881.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Vessels.

Tons.

Crews.

Passen-

gers.

Victoria,..

3,574

121,380 38,782 7,518

893

17,985 5,691 6,601 4,467 139,365 44,473 14,119

Total,... 3,574 121,380 38,782 7,518

893 17,985

5,691

6,601

4,467

139,365 44,473 14,119

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Harbour Master, fc.

XIV. Return of Junks (Local Trade) CLEARED from the Port of Victoria for the Out-stations of the Island and the Villages in British Kaulung, during the Year ending 31st December, 1881.

CARGO.

BALLAST.

TOTAL.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Vessels.

Tons. Crews.

Passen- gers.

Vessels. Tons.

Crews.

Passen- gers.

Victoria,

1,995

52,578 17,758 10,977 2,568

95,356 | 27,533 3,837

4,563

147,934❘ 45,291

14,814

Total,... 1,995

52,57817,758 10,977

2,568

95,356 27,533

3,837

4,563

147,934 45,291 14,814

H. G. TROMSEtt, r.n., Harbour Master, fc.

XV.-SUMMARY.

No. OF

TONS.

CREWS.

FOREIGN TRADE.

VESSELS.

British Vessels entered with Cargoes,...

2,257

2,066,109

95,931

Do.

10.

in Ballast,.....

38,194

1,364

Total,....

2,300

2,104,303

97,295

British Vessels cleared with Cargoes,...

2,111

1,947,557

91,198

Do.

do. in Ballast,

187

146,993

4,614

Total,...........

2,298

2,094,550

95,812

Total of all British Vessels entered and cleared,

4,604

4,198,853

193,107

Foreign Vessels entered with Cargoes,

17,402

1,942,274

253,094

Do.

do.

in Ballast,..

7,845

486,727

88,956

Total,......

25,247

2,429,001

342,050

Foreign Vessels cleared with Cargoes,

18,264

1,932,336

264,594

Do.

do.

in Ballast,.....

6,489

448,934

71,691

Total,.......

24,753

2,381,270

336,285

Total of all Foreign Vessels entered and cleared,

50,000

4,810,271

678,335

Total of all Vessels entered with Cargoes,......

19,659

4,008,383

349,025

Do.

do.

in Ballast,

7,894

524,921

90,320

Total of all Vessels entered,....

27,553

4,533,304

439,315

Total of all Vessels cleared with Cargoes,

20,375

3,879,893

355,792.

Do.

do.

in Ballast,

6,676

595,927

76,305

Total of all Vessels cleared,

27,051

4,475,820

432,097

Total of all Vessels entered and cleared with Cargoes,.

40,034

7,888,276

704,817

Do.

do.

in Ballast,

14,570

1,120,848

166,625

Total of all Vessels engaged in Foreign Trade only, entered and cleared,...

54,604

9,009,124

871,442

LOCAL TRADE.

Total of all Vessels entered,

4,467

139.365

44,473

Do.

cleared,

4,563

147,934

45,291

Total of all Vessels engaged in Local Trade only, entered and cleared,......

9,030

287,299

89,764

...

do.

Total of all Vessels engaged in Foreign Trade only, entered and cleared,..

Do.

54,604

9,009,124

871,442

in Local Trade only,

do.

9,030

287,299

89,764

63,634

9,296,423

961,206

Grand Total of all Vessels entered and cleared,.

SUMMARY OF ALL CHINESE PASSENGERS.

NAMES OF Places.

From Ports other than in China or Japan,

Do..

in China and Japan,.

Do.

in Macao, ...

Do.

in Villages of the Colony,

52,983

492,210

58,751

14,119

Total Arrivals,.

618,063

Left for Ports other than in China or Japan,

70,625

Do.

in China and Japan,

Do.

in Macao,

Do.

in Villages of the Colony,.

Total Departures,

Excess of Arrivals of Chinese over Departures,

453,274

50,747

14,814

589,460

Grand Total of Arrivals and Departures,

28,603

1,207,523

H. G. TROMsett, R.N.,

́Harbour Master, &c.

XVI. RETURN of VESSELS REGISTERED at the Port of Hongkong, during the Year 1881.

Name of Vessels.

Official Number.

Regis Horse

tered

Power. Tonnage.

Built

Rig.

Where Built and When.

Remarks, &c.

Chateaubriand,

Hanoi, str.,

Ping On, str.,

Barque Schooner

Kiung Chow, str.,

73,445 408.67 73,446 96.68 44 73,447 573.88 40 Schooner Wood Philadelphia, U.S.A., 1865. 73,418 237.76 40 Schooner Wood Hongkong, 1877.

Wood St. Malo, 1868.

Wood

Hongkong, 1881.

Foreign name

briand."

tt Chateau-

Foreign

On.'

name Ping

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N.,

Registrar of Shipping, &c.

XVII.-RETURN of REGISTRIES of VESSELS CANCELLED at the Port of Hongkong, during the Year 1881.

Name of Vessels.

Number.

Date Official Regis-

tered of Tonnage. Registry.

Horse Power.

Rig.

Built of

Where Built and When.

Reason of Cancellation.

Sir Jamsetjee Jee-l

jeebhoy, str.,...)

Taiwan, str.,

Bombay, str.,

Fatchoy, str.,

50,687 184.97 1869

64,097 23.06 1872 30,710 740.22 1879 73,438 139.44 1880

101 None

Wood

25 Sloop

Iron

180

Ribston,.

Otto,

58,053 396.88 1880

73,443 274.44 1880

Brig

Schooner Iron 10 Schooner Wood

Barque Wood

Wood

Lady Aberdour, ... 58,126

287.09 1880

Brig

Wood

Bombay, 1849. Hongkong, 1872. Glasgow, 1852. Hongkong, 1877. Sunderland, 1867. Apenrade, 1863. North Hyltou,

up, 1881.

Broken Sold to Foreigner, 1881. Destroyed by fire, 1881. Sold to Foreigner, 1881. Transferred to Fremantle,

W.A., 1881. Sold to Foreigner, 1881. Sold to Foreigner, 1881.

Durham, 1868.

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N.,

Registrar of Shipping, &c.

XVIII. AMOUNT of FEES received under the Merchant Shipping Act, 1855, and Section III of Ordinance

No. 8 of 1879, in the Harbour Department, during the Year 1881.

MATTER OR DUTY IN RESPECT OF WHICH-FEE TAKEN.

NUMBER,

FEE.

AMOUNT.

REMARKS, &c.

Certifying Desertions,"

121

Copy from Registry book,

Declaration of Ownership,..

Endorsement of Change of Masters,

Endorsement of Change of Ownership,

Endorsement of Change in Rig or Tonnage,

Granting Certificate of Imperial Registry,

Inspection of Registry,...

Recording Mortgage of Ship,

Recording Discharge of Mortgage,

Recording Sale of Ship,.

Registering Certificate of Sale,.

TOTAL,.

317

H. G. THOмsett, r.N.,

Registrar of Shipping, &c.

XIX-RETURN of CHINESE PASSENGERS SAIPS cleared by the Emigration Office, Hongkong, during the year ending the 31st day of December, 1881.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

No.

DATE CLEARED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION-

ALITY

MASTER'S NAME.

WHITHER BOUND.

TOTAL.

OP SHIP.

January 3

Avoca, str.

Mars, str.

905 British

R. G. Murray

Straits Settlements

413

424

1,62 Austro-Hung. F. Colombo

279

303

46978

5 Java, str.

Vortigern, str.......

Danube, str......

Mirzapore, str.....

City of Tokio, str.

Nestor, str.

4 Brisbane, str.

5 Rajanattianular, str.

933 1,037 Dutch

876 British 561 2,270

3,448 American 1,459 British

J. Alexander A. Clanchy

A. Parish

891 British

J. A. Reddell

Brisbane Sydney

164

177

Melbourne

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

224

233

J. de Ridder

Straits Settlements

392

406

600

616*

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

225

228

W. B. Cobb

San Francisco

249

264

R. Jago

Straits Settlements

149

154

15 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

A. B. Mactavish

153

115

286

15 | Suez, str.

1,890

J. D. Eaton

284

331

18 Consolation, str.

764

R. Young

Bangkok

19 Cyclops, str.

1,403

C. Butler

Straits Settlements

139

141

24 Ravenna, str.

2,117

E. Stewart

Jason, str......

1,412

R. J. Brown

141

Port Darwin

Cooktown

27 Bowen, str.

844

S. G. Green

Brisbane

110

Sydney Melbourne

101

18 February 1 | Belgic, str.

1,716

7 Lombardy, str.

1,726

12 Japan, str.

1,865

H. Davison J. B. Chapman T. S. Gardner

San Francisco

Straits Settlements

113

Moray, str.

1,427

M. J. Butcher

104

111

16 Sarpedon, str.

1,592

J. Rea

257

259

City of Peking, str.

Antenor, str..

RANARA♫*

Zambesi, str.

3,448 American 1,645 British 1,540

G. G. Berry

San Francisco

966

993

J. T. Bragg

Straits Settlements

215

216

وو

A. Symons

152

154

Consolation, str.

764

R. Young

Bangkok

174

184

27 March

2 Geelong, str...

2❘ Urano, str.

3 Rajanattianuhar, str..

1,139

1,319 Austro-Hung. N. Ucropina

933 British

G. W. Atkinson

Straits Settlements

703

725

505

540

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

371

382

7 Gaelic, str.

1,713

W. H. Kidley

San Francisco

596

7 Khiva, str.

1,500

T. Alderton

Straits Settlements

149

150

8 Hungarian, str.

984

H. J. J. Wise

Sydney

478

480

9 Vortigern, str.

876

J. Alexander

Straits Settlements

€34

646

Port Darwin

Cooktown

10 Menmuir, str.

1,247

W. Ellis

Cleveland Bay

655

Sydney

587

Melbourne

Danube, str..

561

A. Clanchy

Bangkok

296

Cairnsmuir, str.

1,123

G. L. Custle

Straits Settlements

715

Suez, str.

1,390

J. D. Eaton

685

Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

A. B. Mactavish

516

128

CZAR

315

719

734

672

}}

Port Darwin

Cooktown

19 Kenmure Castle,

str.

1,269

J. Luck

695

Sydney

632

Melbourne

Port Darwin

21 Crusader, str.

647

T. Rowin

Cooktown

Sydney

**26656&1&62

པ དེ བ བ བ བྷའི རྒྱུ བསྐ ཐཱ བ

47 April

21 Kashgar, str. #22 Henry Buck,

22 Herbert Black, 22 Consolation, str. 23 Oceanic, str.....

C. T. Hook, str.

Aiden Besse,..

1 Coloma,.....

2 Rajanattianubar, str.

4 Gwalior, str...

6 Daphne, str..

6 Avoca, str..

7 Brisbane, str.

1,515

750 American 573

C. Davis

704 British

2,440

902

842 American 853

933 British

1,720

W. A. Seaton

F. W. Treat R. Young J. Metcalfe

W. H. Bradley

A. Noyes

C. M. Noyes

G. T. Hopkins J. Orman

1,510 Austro-Hung. G. Doncich

905 British

Straits Settlements

Victoria, Van's Isld. 254

New Westminster Br. Columbia 240

San Francisco

208

150

Bangkok

891

3,448 | American 561 British 1,865 1,427 1,284 Chinese 1,060 British

W. B. Cobb A. Clanchy T. S. Gardner M. J. Butcher H.H.Cunningham

H. O'Neill

J. Thompson

R. Young

* 89588STSSE

7 Meath, str.

1,337

176

9 City of Tokio, str.

San Francisco

1037

Danube, str..

Bangkok

208

Japan, str..

Straits Settlements

750

Moray, str.

711

Mee Foo, str.

San Francisco

378

...

})

Killarney, str.

Bangkok

198

22 | Dale, str.

645

175

25 Consolation, str.

764

28 | Lombardy, str...

1,726

J: B. Chapman

Straits Settlements

172

28 Septima, str.............

783 German

J. Petersen

564

فانات

Cooktown

3 958

29 Glamis Castle, str.

1,559 | British

R. J. C. Tod

Sydney

659

830

Melbourne

160

30 Rajanattianular, str.

30 Bellerophon, str..

933 1,397

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

126

137

68 May

2❘ China, str.

1,037

T. W. Freeman S. F. Cole

Straits Settlements

772

782

482

485

Carried forward,..

89,310

Carried forward,....:: 24,697

606

34063

25,715

J. A. Reddell

J. Johnson

Cooktown Sydney Melbourne Port Darwin Cooktown

Sydney

275

...

434

927

Straits Settlements

552

•

Fortland, Oregon

321

337

Bangkok

485

Straits Settlements

170

· 459;

•

R. G. Murray

479

34822

220

152

262

240

444

927

567

321

351

502

171

463

494

355

180

1040

216

874

746

381

140

187

RETURN of CHINESE PASSENGERS SHIPS cleared by the Emigration Officer, Hongkong,-(Continued.)

NATION-

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

No.

DATE CLEARED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

ALITY OF SHIP.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHITHER BOUND.

TOTAL.

Brought forward,...

89.310

Brought forward,24,697

G06 349

82722ZARKPRIZ*X

69 May 70

Vorwærts, str.

Belgic, str.

1,817 Austro-Hung. G. Marussig 1,716 British

Straits Settlements

600

63 16

25,715

718

H. Davison

San Francisco

596

William H. Besse,

1,027 || American

B. C. Baker

Portland, Oregon

382

390

P. J. Carleton,

986

J. A. Amsbury

349

354

Stentor, str.

1,304 British

J. Kirkpatrick

Straits Settlements

228

232

9 Vortigern, str.

876

J. Alexander

607

673

Danube, str...

561

A. Clanchy

Bangkok

269

271

Zambesi, str..

1,549

A. Symons

Straits Settlements

154

Patroclus, str.

1,650

M. R. White

691

261

717

N. Boynton,

1,065 | American

W. E. Nason

Portland, Oregon

330

350

City of Peking, str.

3,448

G. G. Berry

San Francisco

1023)

Orestes, str. ........

1,028

1,323 British

J. K. Webster

Straits Settlements

390

393

Arratoon Apear, str.

1,392

R. J. McConnell

315

209

548

Suez, str. ........

1,390

W. M. Dodd

557

664

Dale, str.

645

J. Thompson

Bangkok

157

164

Port Darwin

21 Ocean, str.

1,039

H. Webber

Cooktown

Sydney

298

448

Naples, str.

1,473

C. White

Consolation, str.

764

Nizam, str.

1,727

Achilles, str.

30 Quinta, str.

1,529 875

German

R. Young

G. W. Brady

C. Anderson

H. N. Thomsen

Melbourne

San Francisco Bangkok

820

835

138

141

Straits Settlements

171

173

705

708

Victoria, Van's Isld.

510

514

30 Gaelic, str.

1,713 British

W. H. Kidley

San Francisco

590

596

30 Rajanattianular, str.

933

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

છ

92 June

1 Taunton,

688

J. Harney

Portland, Oregon

284

93 94

8 Danube, str.

561

9 Lennox, str.

1,327

Avoca, str.

905

A. Clanchy

D. Scott

R. G. Murray

Bangkok

298

Straits Settlements

482

530

324

939

St. Vincent,

1,377

R. C. Thompson

San Francisco

305

365

Hector, str.

1,590

E. Billinge

Straits Settlements

150)

159

14 | Oceanic, str.................

2,440

J. Metcalfe

San Francisco

1000

15 Japan, str.

1,000

1,865

T. S. Gardner

Straits Settlements

544 210

811

100

16 | Dale, str.

645

J. Thompson

Bangkok

125

126

Port Darwin

101

Charlton, str.

786

A. Erskine

Cooktown

Sydney

Melbourne

102

Consolation, str.

764

R. Young

Bangkok

123

}

126

103

Polluce, str

104

Geelong, str...

1,545 Austro-Hung. G. Regusin

1,139 | British

Straits Settlements

398

427

G. W. Atkinson

348

375

105

Rajanattianuhar, str.

933

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

210

213

106

27 C. T. Hook, str.

902

107

"">

Nestor, str.

1,459

་་་་

108

City of Tokio, str.

109 July

Glaucus, str....

110

Xenia,

111

Achilles, str..

112

China, str.

1,037

3,448 American 1,648 British 1,174 American 1,529 British

W. H. Bradley

R. Jago

J. Maury T. S. Jackson

N. E. Reynolds

C. Anderson S. F. Cole

Straits Settlements

113

114

San Francisco

1029

1,040

Straits Settlements

164

Victoria, Van's Isld.

372

375

Straits Settlements

145

146

233

271

113

Serapis, str.

1,271

S. F. North

17!

114

Dale, str.

196

645

J. Thompson

Bangkok

115

Arratoon Apear, str.

1,392

R. J. McConnell

Straits Settlements

174%

116

Suez, str.

1,390

W. M. Dodd

185

Gol

263

117

Belgic, str.

1,716

H. Davison

San Francisco

596

118

Ulysses, str.

1,561

A. Thompson

Straits Settlements

125

119

21 Consolation, str.

704

R. Young

Bangkok

104

120

26 Antenor, str.......

. 1,645

J. T. Bragg

Straits Settlements

106

121

26 Vortigern, str.

876

J. Alexander

135

122

125

126

127

128

129

130

123

28 Rajanattianuhar, str.

30 City of Peking, str.

124 August 2 C. T. Hook, str.

3 Sarpedon, str.

5 Hungaria, str.

9 Laertes, str.

Avoca, str.

18 Japan, str.

Lennox, str.

933

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

:::

.:..

596

126

116

106

149

3,448 American

902 British

1,592

1,460 Austro-Hung. G. Stur.i

1,391 | British

G. G. Berry

San Francisco

776

W. H. Bradley

Straits Settlements

109

837

136

J. Rea

106

...

106

R. F. Scale

139

905

W. J. Webber

1,865

T. S. Gardner

176

1,827

D. Scott

100

138

181

17 Gaelic, str.

1,713

132

19 Adria, str....

781

W. H. Kidley

T. Fairtlough

San Francisco

282

266

Straits Settlements

210

230

133

29 Rajanattianuhar, str.

933

134❘ Sept.

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

132

1 Oceanic, str........

2,440

J. Metcalfe

San Francisco

648

135

6 Anjer Head, str.

1,300

A. Roper

Straits Settlements

498

136

Danube, str...................

561

A. Clanchy

Bangkok

119

137

Pekin, str.

2,232

W. D. Anderson

Straits Settlements

260

138

13 Telemachus, str.

1,421

139

18 Decima, str.

1,151

Germau

II. Jones

L. Petersen

142

Port Darwin

140

15 | Dale, atr.

645 British

J. Thompson

Bangkok

141

16 City of Tokio, str.

3,448

142

16 China, str...

143

16 Canton, str.

144

17 Daphne, str.

145

21 Diomed, str.

American 1,037 British

J. Maury

S. F. Cole

1,095 1,510 Austro-Hung. G. Doncich 1,241 British

San Francisco

368

Straits Settlements

263

51.

J. C. Jaques

553

136

648

518

124

260

142

386

226

571

333

856

M. H. F. Jackson

253

146

22 | Arratoon Apear, str..

1,392

147

22 Fuez, str.

1,390

R. J. McConnell W. M. Dodd

252

113

390

516

148

22 Consolation, str.

558

764

R. Young

149

30 Belgic, str.

1,716

H. Davison

Bangkok San Francisco

199

206

622

522

150

Oct.

1 Bellerophon, str.

1,397

T. W. Freeman

Straits Settlements

429

431

151

6 Geelong, str..

1,139

W. J. Webber

500

152

571

8 | Danube, str.

561

ور

A. Clanchy

Bangkok

•

237

2.3

Carried forward,

202,815

Carried forward....

|51,343 2,103

69: 254

54,393

No.

DATE CLEARED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

RETURN of CHINESE PASSENGERS SHIPS cleared by the Emigration Officer, Hongkong, Continued.)

NATION-

ALITY

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHITHER BOUND.

TOTAL.

OF SHIP.

M. F.

Brought forward,...

202,815

153 Oct.

Hungarian, str.

984 British

W. McD. Alison

Brought forward, 51,343 2,103 Straits Settlements

201

154 100

Lennox, str.

Ca-capedia, str.

156

City of Peking, str.

157

Rosetta, str.

158

17 Phoenix, str.

159

Dale, str.

1,327 1,924 3,448 American 2,249 British

683 German G45 British

D. Scott.

488

***

693

254

54,393

213

584

W. A. Fraser G. G. Berry

San Francisco

472

489

982

1,012

A. E. Barlow

Straits Settlements

223

224

H. J. Behrens

361

J. Thompson

Bangkok"

361.

298

306

180

Consolation, str.

764

R. Young

191

196

IGI

27 Patroclus, str.

1,650

M. R. White

Straits Settlements

272

272.

162

28 Rajanattianuhar, str.

933

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

163

29 | Gaelic, str.

1,713

W. H. Kidley

San Francisco

435

...

435

164

29 Anjer Head, str.

1,300

A. Roper

766

165

31 | Khiva, str.

1,506

M. de Horne

Straits Settlements

150

166 Nov.

3 Clara,

939

A. S. Cutler

Antigua,

دو

West Indies

304

167

Avoca, str.

905

J. P. Hassall

Straits Settlements

205

168

Ocean, str.

1,039

H. Webber

796

150

322

268

169

231

Vorwærts, str.

170

Danube, str...

1,817 Austro-Hung. J. Marussig

561 British

198

251

4. Clanchy

Bangkok

157

161

171

Japan, str.

172 173

Kashgar, str.

1,805 1,515

T. S. Gardner

Straits Settlements

136

153

دو

R. G. Murray

151

...

151

Dale, str.

645

P. H. Loff

་་

Bangkok

801

174 175

Oceanic, str..

2,440

J. Metcalfe

San Francisco

808

Arratoon Apear, str.

1,392

A. B. Mactavish

Straits Settlements

310

176

177

Surz, str.

1,390

W. M. Dodd

362

2200

831

403

430

Anchises, str.

1,304

C. Jackson

243

Port Darwin

Cooktown

178

19 Menmuir, str.

1,247

W. Ellis

Townsville Brisbane

179

21 Consolation, str.

764

R. Young

Bangkok

180

22 Devonshire, str.

1,513

A. Purvis

San Francisco

384

407

181

28 Thibet, sir.

1,671

W. R. Jordan

Straits Settlements

166

167

182

Cyclops, str.

1,403

C. Butler

635

...

639

183 Dec.

Rajanattianuhar, str.

793

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

184

City of Tokio, str.

3,448 American

185

Nelson, str.

895 British

J. Maury

J. Thom

San Francisco

1023)

1,050

Straits Settlements

430

510

186

Danube, str.

561

A. Clanchy

Bangkok

172

187

Jason, str...

1,412

R. J. Brown

Straits Settlements

393

188

Gwalior, str......

1,720

A. W. Adanison

171

189

Dale, str.

645

P. H. Loff

Bangkok

391

***

190

Lennox, str.

1,327

D. Scott

Straits Settlements

503

540

191

16 Belgic, str.

1,716

H. Davison

San Francisco

671

---

671

192

17 | Geelong, str...

1,139

W. J. Webber

Straits Settleinents

391

4+1

193

Helios, str.

1,007 Austro-Hung. C. Lazarich

1571

174

194

Japan, str.

1,865 British

T. S. Gardner

105

195

Hector, str.

1,590

E. Billinge

115

196

Mary Tatham, str.

1,064

J. Gorley

San Francisco

652

072

Port Darwin

Cooktown

197

23 Tannadice, str.

1,408

S. G. Green

Brisbane Sydney

Melbourne

198

26 Verona, str.

199

200

30 Glaucus, str........................... 31 | Rajanattianuhar, str.

1,985 1,fi48

E. Ashdown

Straits Settlements

198

T. S. Jackson

788

793

G. T. Hopkins

Bangkok

201

co 19

10 10

Total Tons,......] 269,917

Total Passengers,...........

Gri,678 2,680

198

816

200

351

70,625

To Antigua, West Indies,

,, Bangkok,

Brisbane,

Cleveland Bay,

,, Cooktown,

Melbourne,..

Port Darwin,

New Westminster, British Columbia,

,, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.,

San Francisco, U.S.A.,...........

Straits Settlements,

,, Sydney,

Townsville,

Victoria Vancouver's Island,

SUMMARY.

3:8 6,389

105

125

.16

322 6,635

...

440

448

240)

240

370

172

2,003

...

2,044

19,006

240

19,339

33,995 2,494|

9,606 1

1,196

444

312

36,545

•

3,643

***

1 1,151

Total Passengers,..

66,678 2,680 916 351 70,625

• Under contract of service.

H. G. THOMSEtt, R.Ñ.,

Emigration Officer, &c.

XX.-RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong, from Places. out of the Chinese Empire, during the Year ending the 31st day of December, 1881.

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION-

ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

1 2 3 4H LO TO

1 January 2 Alden Besse,

812 American

Noyes

Jason, str.

1,411 British

Brown

Portland, Oregon Straits Settlements

330

149

Priam, str.

1,572

Butler

200

203

Suez, str.

1,390

Eaton

238

Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Mactavish

.180)

192

City of Tokio, str.

3,448 American

Cobb

San Francisco

673

686

Ravenna, str.

2,118 British

Stewart

Straits Settlements

Glenroy, str.

1,411

Wallace

2201

220

8 Danube, str.

561

Clanchy

Bangkok

12 Consolation, str.

13 Antenor, str.

15 | Lorne, str.

764 1,645 1,035

Young Bragg

Straits Settlements

250

264

McKechnie

1521

152

17 Lydia, str.

1,170 German

Paulson

260

Lord of the Isles, str.

1,586 British

Felgate

207

208

Dale, str.

645

Thompson

Bangkok

56)

Cassandra, str.

937 German

Langer

Honolulu

841

Port Darwin

Thursday Island

Cooktown

Keppel Bay

22 Bowen, str.

844 British

Green

Townsville

271

Brisbane Sydney

Dunedin, N.Z.

Melbourne

BRONKH* * N*2.

25 Rose M.

366

25 Sarpedon, str..

1,592

Croil Rea

Newcastle, N.S.W.

· 41

Straits Settlements

354

26 Gleniffer, str.

1,433

Graham

}}

26 | China, str.

1,037

Weighell

27 Belgic, str.

1,716

Davison

San Francisco;

420

28 Rajanattianuhar, str..

933

Hopkins

Bangkok

29 Gordon Castle, str.

1,320

Waring

Straits Settlements

25 February 1 Hungaria, str...

1,460 Austro-Hung. Doncich

200

Ho Chung, str.

847 Chinese

San Francisco

Petersen

Honolulu

156

بحرب

228

32.

Moray, str.

1,427 British

Butcher

Straits Settlements

106

Japan, str.

1,865

Gardner

co co

109

ප

Deucalion, str. ......

1,639

Purdy

130

City of Peking, str.

3,448 American

Berry

San Francisco

174

Telemachus, str..

1,421 British

Jones

Straits Settlements

126

Laertes, str....

1,391

Scale

303]

303

Oxfordshire, str..

998

Jones

111

Kashgar, str.

1,515

Seaton

131

...

Gaelic, str..

1,713

Kidley

San Francisco

Dale, str.

645

23 Naples, str.

1,470

Thompson White

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

384

388

24 Urano, str.

1,319 Austro-Hung N. Ucropina

24 Rajanattianuhar, str.

933 British

25 Benledi, str.

999

26 Gleneagles, str..

1,838

Hopkins Ross Auld

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

140

113

118

42 March

1 Fleurs Castle, str.

1,622

1 Ajax, str.

1,524

Kidder Kidd

248

297

300

Port Darwin

Cooktown

1 Claverhouse, str.

763

Brown

Townsville

108

Brisbane

Melbourné

Port Darwin

Cooktown

2 Menmuir, str.

1,247

Ellis

Thursday Island

***

113

Townsville

Sydney

Melbourne

2 Cheang Hock Kian, str....

956

Webb

Straits Settlements

416 12

447

5 Gwalior, str.

1,719

Orman

---

7 Suez, str.

1,390

Eaton

290

7 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Mactavish

200

10 O

295

216

10 Agamemnon, str..

1,522

Wilding

289

269

***

14 Galley of Lorne, str..

1,380

Branthwaite

130

...

**62

14 Oceanic, str.

2,440

Metcalfe

San Francisco

120

17 Grand Duc Constantine, st.

461 Russian

Lamascheffsky Bangkok

18 Consolation, str.....

764 British

Young

...

•

21 Thibet, str.

1,671

Jordan

Straits Settlements

125

126

21 Glenorchy, str.

1,775

21 Bellerophon, str.

1,396

Quartly Freeman

239

334

Port Darwin

Cooktown

23 Brisbane, str.

891

Reddell

Townsville

Sydney

Port Darwin

Cooktown

24 Meath, str..

1,337

Johnson

Brisbane

Melbourne

14)

*66

8788888

25 Glamis Castle, str..

1,558

28 Diomed, str.

1,241

28 Rajanattianuhar, str.

933

63 April

1 City of Tokio, str.

2 Daphne, str..

2 Hesperia, str.

3,448 American

1,510 Austro-Hung. Doncich

1,136 | German

Tod Jackson Hopkins Cobb

Straits Settlements

274

300

Bangkok

107

•

San Francisco

220

...

تجھ

Straits Settlements

270

4 Lombardy, str.

1,726 British

Carried forward.

91,898

Petersen Chapman

120

...

Carried forward.

11,581

11,713

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong,-( Continued).

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION- ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

F. M. F.

Brought forward......

91,898

222222 2 22882

67 April

4 Glenfruin, str.

1,935 British

Hogg

Brought forward... 11,581| Straits Settlements

11,713

68.

Moray, str.

Japan, str.

1,427 1,865

Butcher

208

Gardner

200

4 Orestes, str.

1,303

Webster

111

111'

Danube, str.

561

Clanchy

Bangkok

4 Mee Foo, str.

1,284 Chinese

Cunningham {

San Francisco

132

Honolulu

203.

Cheang Hock Kian, str.....

956 British

Webb

Straits Settlements

245

258

Stentor, str..

1,304

Kirkpatrick

∞

Canton, str.

1,095

Jaques

Septima, str.

783 German

Petersen

Honolulu

11 Glencoe, str.

1,901 British

Gulland

Straits Settlements

150

13 Consolation, str........

764

Young

Bangkok

Port Darwin

Cooktown

Townsville

13 Bowen, str.

844

Darke

107

Sydney

231

Dunedin, N.Z.

Melbourne

14 Patroclus, str.

1,650

16 Zambesi, str.

1,540

White Symons

Straits Settlements

196

Achilles, str.

1,529

Anderson

322

Belgic, str.

1,716

Davison

San Francisco

1001

100

China, str.

1,037

Cole

Straits Settlements

210

23 Teucer, str.

1,324

Power

316

25 Carisbrooke, str..

960

Wharton

26 Vorwærts, str..

.89

25 Rajanattianuhar, str.

Breconshire, str..

1,785 Austro-Hung Marussig

933

Hopkins

Bangkok

175

Straits Settlements

190

1,241 British

Williams

Lydia, str. .....

1,170 German

Paulsen

Honolulu

Nizam, str.

1,727 British

Brady

Straits Settlements

144

May

City of Peking, str.

3,448 American

Berry

San Francisco

157

4 Danube, str.

561 British

Clanchy

Bangkok

140

Seewo, str.

1,058

Bendall

Straits Settlements

Glenlyon, str.

1,373

Donaldson

140

Menelaus, str.

1,559

Nicholl

250

Cheang Hock Kian, str...

956

Webb

234

258

Cyclops, str.

1,403

Butler

100

9 Glenfalloch, str..

1,418

Park

100

Suez, str.

1,390

Dodd

250

101

10 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

McConnell

245

270

102

Bellona, str.

897 German

Fickmeier

103

Anchises, str.

1,304 British

Jackson

118

104

Khiva, str.

1,506

Alderton

104

Port Darwin

101

Cooktown

105

13 Ocean, str.

1,039

Webber

155

Townsville

106

16 Killarney, str.

1,060

107

Hector, str.

1,589

108

19 Radnorshire, str.

1,201

O'Neill Billinge Davies

Sydney Bangkok

100

Straits Settlements

346

316

Port Darwin

Thursday Island

Cooktown

109

19 Menmuir, str.

1,247

Ellis

Townsville

116

Sydney

Dunedin, N.Z.

•

Melbourne

110

20 Consolation, str.

111

20 Gaelic, str..

764 1,712

Young

Bangkok

Kidley

San Francisco

122

112

20 Glenfinlas, str.

1,409

Wilcox

Straits Settlements

113

21 | Horseguards, str.

909

Hill

127

114

25 Rajanattianuhar, str..

933

Hopkins

Bangkok

100

115

25 C. T. Hook, str.

902

Bradly

102

116

27 Ravenna, str.

2,139

Stewart

Straits Settlements

228

117

27 Carisbrooke, str...

960

Wharton

324

Port Darwin

Cooktown

118

30 | Hungarian, str.

998

Wise

Townsville

Brisbane

Melbourne

119

31 | Danube, str.

561

Clanchy

Bangkok

120❘ June

2 Oceanic, str.

2,440

Metcalfe

San Francisco

141

121

2 | Avoca, str.

904

Murray

Straits Settlements

122

3 Moray, str.

1,427

Butcher

200

123

3 Japan, str.'

1,865

Gardner

119

161

124

4 Nestor, str.

1,458

Jago

368

125

4 Jason, str.

1,411

Brown

102

126

4 Glenavon, str...........................

1,937

Taylor

127

8 Glaucus, str.

1,647

Jackson

101

128

9 Cheang Hock Kian, str....

956

Webb

347

363

129

10 Nepaul, str.

2,065

Murray

DOU

130

10 Euphrates, str.

1,299

Mitchell

131

11 Dale, str.

645

Thompson

Bangkok

132

13 Geelong, str.

1,135

Atkinson

Straits Settlements

***

1133

14 | Atholl, str.

923

Duncan

115

184

15 Consolation, str..

765

Young

Bangkok

106)

106

...

135

16 Pollnce, str..

136

137

16 Achilles, str.

16 Marlborough, str.

1,418 Austro-Hung G. Rogusin 1,529 British 1,175

Straits Settlements

Anderson

Sanderson

827

327

Carried forward..

185,219

Carried forward.

21,550 193

21,838

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong,—( Continued).

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION- ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

Brought forward...... 185,219

Brought forward... 21,550 193 84

21,838

138 June 129 140 141

20 Sarpedon, str.

20 Rajanattianuhar, str..

1,591 British

933

Rea

Straits Settlements

234

Hopkins

Bangkok

20 City of Tokio, str.

C. T. Hook, str.

3,448 American

Maury

San Francisco

902 British

Bradly

Bangkok

263

Port Darwin

Cooktown

Townsville

142

22 Meath, str.

1,337

Johnson

Brisbane

140

Sydney

Melbourne

143 144

Rohilla, str....

2,227

Glenearn, str.

1,410

Barratt Duke

Straits Settlements

100

120

145

Ulysses, str.

1,560

Thompson

200

146

147

28 Brisbane, str.

Port Darwin

891

Craig

Sydney

228

130

Carisbrooke, str..

960

Wharton

Straits Settlements

302

310

148

30 Danube, str.

561

Clanchy

Bangkok

100

149 July 150

1 Antenor, str.

1,644

2 China, str.

1,037

Bragg Cole

Straits Settlements

250

210

151

4❘ Suez, str.

1,390

Dodd

160

152

4 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

McConnell

216

231

153

5 Metapedia, str.

1,453

Fowler

154 155

156

6 Bothwell Castle, str.

1,653

Thomson

Verona, str...

1,984

Ashdown

160

Mee Foo, str.

1,284 Chinese

Cunningham

San Francisco

359

379

157

Glenroy, str.

1,411 British

Wallis

Straits Settlements

240

158

12 Catterthun, str.

1,460

Miller

159

13 | Belgic, str.

2,651

Davison

San Francisco

160

15 Laertes, str..............

1,391

Scales

Straits Settlements

350

161

16 Consolation, str.

764

Young

Bangkok

162

11.

18 Rajanattianuhar, str..

933

Hopkins

460

163

19 Marlborough, str.

1,175

Sanderson

Straits Settlements

497

164

23 Cheang Hock Kian, str..

956

Webb

357

165

Atholl, str.

923

Duncan

153

627

510

390

170

166

25 Agamemnon, str.

1,522

Wilding

198

167

26 Deucalion, str.

1,639

Purdy

381

168

169

28 Hungaria, str.

170 August 2 Japan, str.

1,460 Austro-Hung Sturli

28 Danube, str.

561 British

Clanchy

Bangkok

→

100

1,865

Gardner

Straits Settlements

326

359

171

3 Lennox, str.

1,327

172

5 Zambesi, str.

1,540

173

Ajax, str.

1,524

174

6 Gaelic, str.

1,712

175

8 Dale, str.

644

176

8 Carisbrooke, str..

960

Scott Symons Kidd Kidley Thompson Wharton

240

1901

190

San Francisco

170

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

360

373

Port Darwin

116

177

12 Menmuir, str,

Cooktown

1,247

Ellis

Townsville

215

178

12 Consolation, str...

764

179

13 Naples, str.

1,473

180

16 Carnarvonshire, str..

1,530

181

17 Lorne, str.

1,035

Young White

Patrick

McKechnie

San Francisco

Sydney Bangkok

801

186

Straits Settlements

163

284

182

18 Marlborough, str.

1,175

Sanderson

183

20 Castello, str.

1,483

Coates

200

6696T US

194

168

300

198

212

184

20 Rajanattianuhar, str.

933

Hopkins

Bangkok

110

185

24 Cheang Hock Kian, str...

955

Webb

Straits Settlements

262

186

"..

24 Oceanic, str.

2,441

Metcalfe

San Francisco

126

187

25 Telemachus, str..

1,421

Jones

Straits Settlements

250

188

29 | Stentor, str..

1,304

Kirkpatrick

26G

266

189

29 Danube, str.

561

Clanchy

Bangkok

❤

•

190

30 Hesperia, str.

191

Sept.

1 Diomed, str.

1,136 German' 1,241 British

Petersen

Honoluln

235

254

Jackson

Straits Settlements

185

***

192

2 Mirzapore, str.

2,270!

Perrin

...

193

2❘ Suez, str.

1,390

Dodd

241

...

194

3 Arratoon Apear, str.

1,392

McConnell

230

...

195

3 Strathleven, str.

1,588

Pearson

196

6 Loudoun Castle, str.

1,615

Marshall

197

5 City of Tokio, str.

3,448 American

Maury

San Francisco

260

198

6 Dale, str.

645 British

Thompson

Bangkok

199

8 Glenfruin, str.

1,935

督管

Hogg

Straits Settlements

168

...

168

Cooktown

Townsville

200

9 Bowen, str.

844

Darke

Sydney

107

Dunedin, N.Z.

Melbourne

201

10 Daphne, str.

1,396 Austro-Hung. Doncich

Straits Settlements

202

10 Elvira Dovale,

203

12 Consolation, str.

1,363 Hawaiian Pementel

764 British

Callao

133]

ها

151

Young

Bangkok

Port Darwin

204

12 Ocean, str.

1,039

Webber

Cooktown

Brisbane

231

205

13 Rosetta, str..

2,250

Barlow

Straits Settlements

206

13 Bellerophon, str.

1,396

Freeman

324

-207

14 Teucer, str.

1,324

Power

113

***

208

14 Carisbrooke, str....

960

Wharton

412

430

209

19 Marlborough, str.

1,175

Sanderson

322

...

322

210

19 Prinz Heinrich, str.

872 German

Hofman

Bangkok

***

*211

21 Gleneagles, str.

1,838 British

Gasson

Straits Settlements

130

...

212

21 | Orestes, str..

1,323

Webster

334

331

Carried forward...... *288,820

Carried forward.

35,453 345 187

86,016

RETURN of VESSELS bringing CHINESE PASSENGERS to the Port of Victoria, Hongkong,-(Continued).

No.

DATE ARRIVED.

SHIP'S NAME.

TONS.

NATION-

ALITY OF SHIP.

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

MASTER'S NAME.

WHERE FROM.

TOTAL.

Brought forward...... 288,820

Brought forward... 35,453 - 345

187

36,01

Port Darwin

213 Sept. 21 | Meath, str.

1,337 British

Johnson

Cooktown

214

})

22 Rajanattianuhar, str..

933

215

22 Belgic, str.

1,716

Hopkins Davison

Bangkok

San Francisco

328

Port Darwin

216

23 Brisbane, str.

891

Craig

Cooktown

Sydney

217

Cheang Hock Kian, str....

955

Webb

Straits Settlements

497

218

28 Geelong, str.

1,139

Webber

174

171

219

Altonower, str.

220

Khiva, str.

1,611 1,506

Murray

150

De Horne

...

221

Cassandra, str.

1,097 German

Ahrens

119

Port Darwin

222

30 Hungarian, str.

984 British

Wise

Cooktown

Melbourne

223 October 1

Lennox, str.

224

Danube, str.

1,327 561

Scott

Straits Settlements

152

f "?

152

Clanchy

Bangkok

225

City of Peking, str.

3,448 American

Berry

San Francisco

614

514

226

Japan, str.

1,865 British

Gardner

Straits Settlements

282

227

228

Anjer Head, str.

1,300

Roper

250

Lorne, str.

1,034

McKechnie

153

229

Patroclus, str...

1,650

White

100

230

13 Kashgar, str.

1,575

Murray

128

100

128

231

14 Consolation, str......

764

232

17 Menelaus, str...............

1,559

Young Lapage

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

400

Port Darwin

Cooktown

233

17 Catterthun, str.

1,407

Miller

Sydney

521

365

Melbourne

181

234

Canton, str...

1,095

235

Norden, str.

778 Danish

Jaques Rasmussen

Straits Settlements

300

171

***

300

171

236

Gaelic, str.

1,713 British

Kidley

San Francisco

460

...

460

237

Yorkshire, str.

1,426

Longley

Straits Settlements

176)

176

238

25 Glenlyon, str.

1,373

Donaldson

239

27 Plainmeller, str..

1,196

McKenzie

163

240

27 Gwalior, str.

1,719

Adamson

241

28 Vorwærts, str.

242

28 Cheang Hock Kian, str..

1,816 Austro-Hung Marussig

955 British

147

Webb

300

243

28 Miramar, str.

800

Clarke

186

Port Darwin

244

28 Nelson, str.

824

Thom

Townsville

Cooktown

245

Prinz Heinrich, str.

872 German

246

Anchises, str.

1,389 British

Hofmann Jackson

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

221

247

Strathmore, str.

1,383

Rowell

164

248 Nov.

Gordon Castle, str.

1,320

Waring

106

249

1 Danube, str.

561

Clanchy

Bangkok

250

4 Carisbrooke, str.

960

Wharton

Straits Settlements

160

162

251

5 Glenavon, str...

1,936

252

Suez, str.

1,390

Taylor Dodd

280

253

7 Arratoon Apcar, str.

1,392

Mactavish

178

173

254

7 Oceanic, str.

2,440

Metcalfe

San Francisco

826

$26

Port Darwin

Thursday Island

Cooktown

255

8 Menmuir, str.

1,247

Ellis

Townsville

169

Sydney

Dunedin, N.Z.

Melbourne

256

8 Cyclops, str.

1,403

Butier

Straits Settlements

210

257

12 Thibet, str.

1,671

Jordan

173

258

12 Phoenix, str.

259

14 Hector, str.

789 German 1,589 British

Behrens

Billinge

208

260

16 Glaucus, str.

1,637

Jackson

*~200]

200

261

16 Consolation, str..

764

Young

Bangkok

104

Port Darwin.

Thursday Island

Townsville

262

18 Bowen, str.

844

Darke

Rockhampton

Sydney

Dunedin, N.Z.

263

18 Decima, str.

1,151 German

264

19 Lord of the Isles, str.

1,586 British

265

19 Jason, str.

1,412

Peterson Felgate Brown

Port Darwin

--36

Straits Settlements

250

169

•

266

23 Verona, str...

1,984

267

رو

24 Rajanattianuhar, str..

793

268

24 Fyen, str........

909 Danish

Ashdown Hopkins Grove

103

...

Bangkok

641

Port Darwin.

269

24 Crusader, str.

647 British

Rowen

Cooktown

Brisbane

270

City of Tokio, str.

- 3,448 | American

Maury

San Francisco

851

271

ララ

25 Canton, str.

1,095 | British

Jaques

Straits Settlements

600]

600

272

クリ

29 Cheang Hock Kian, str....

955

Webb

548 11

572

273

30 Radnorshire, str.

1,201

Davies

29..

274❘ Dec.

1 Glenfalloch, str.

1,419

276

19 ir.

3 Danube, str.

276 277

5 Lennox, str.

5 Nestor, str.

278

5 Geelong, str.

561

****1,327

1,459 ..1,139

Parke Clanchy

150...

150

Bangkok

.60

Scott Jago Webber

Straits Settlements

£332

332

2500

250

115

116

279

:7 Dale, str.

644

Laff

Bangkok

.27

Carried forward....

876,491

Carried forward.

48,151-861 199

48,745

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

NATION-

DATE

No..

SHIP'S NAME,

TONS,

ARRIVED.

ALITY OF SHIP.

MASTER'S NAME.,

WHERE FROM,

TOTAL.

Brought forward..

376,491

Brought forward... 48,151|

361 199

48,745

*280 Dec.

7 Ceylon..

681 American

Hallett

Honolulu

122

124

281

7 Belgic, str.

1,716 British

Davison

San Francisco

537

,282

8 Peshawur, str..

2,130

Baker

Straits Settlements

112

Port Darwin

Cooktown

283

8 Tannadice, str.

1,408

Green

Townsville

140

Brisbane

Sydney

Port Darwin

Cooktown

284

(285

286 1287

288 - 289

9 Meath, str.

1,337

Johnson

Townsville

Brisbane

12 Bothwell Castle, str

1,653

Thomson

Straits Settlements

12 Antenor, str.

1,644

Bragg

220

Achilles, str...

1,529

Anderson

290

13 Helios, str.

13 Japan, str.

16 Consolation, str.

1,428 Austro-Hung. Lazarich

1,865 British

200

Gardner

196

764

Young

Bangkok

291

19 Lydia, str.

1,170 German

Paulsen

Straits Settlements

292

City of Rio de Janeiro, str.

3,548 American

Cavarly

San Francisco

683

293

22 Carisbrooke, str.....

960 British

Wharton

Straits Settlements

329

352

294

23 Venetia, str.

1,728

Daniell

197

295

23 Zambesi, str.

1,540

Moule

121

...

296

23 Rajanattianuhar, str.

297

27 Catharina II., str.

793

810 Russian

Hopkins Gallert

Bangkok

Straits Settlements

205

298

27 Benledi, str.

999 British

Ross

299

29 Canton, str.........

300

29 Ulysses, str..

1,095 1,560

Jaques

250

301

Prinz Heinrich, str.

872 German

Thompson Hoffman

250

Bangkok

160

TOTAL TONS,..

407,721

TOTAL PASSENGERS,

52,364 378

207

52,983

ADULTS.

CHILDREN.

VALUE OF

TOTAL. TREASURE

BROUGHT.

SUMMARY.

F. M.

From Bangkok,

3,993 17

4,016

Townsville,....

Brisbane,...

Callao,

Dunedin, N.Z.,

Keppel Bay,

Melbourne,

Port Darwin,

Rockhampton,

San Francisco, U.S.A.,

Straits Settlements,

Sydney,

Thursday Island,

120

$7,842

133!

151

Cooktown,

Honolulu, Sandwich Islands,

Newcastle, N.S.W.,

Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.,

435

$312,885

804

835

310

314

330

883

683

$95,664

7,875

7.939

$2,880,255

36,478

299

149

36,950

750

755

$405,477

119

TOTAL PASSENGERS,.

52,364 378

207

34 52,983 $3,702,103

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N., Emigration Officer, &c.

XXI-RETURN of MARINE CASES tried at the MARINE MAGISTRATE'S COURT, during the Year 1881.

DEFENDANTS, HOW DISPOSED OF.

No. OF

NATURE OF Charge.

No. of CASES.

DE- Impri- Impri-

soned soned FEND-

in with ANTS.

Hard default Labour. of Fine.

Fined.

Forfei- ture

Repri- manded.

Sent back to

of Pay.

Duty.

To be dis- charged from Ship.

Dis- Inissed.

AMOUNT OF

FINES.

Absent from Ship without Leave,..... Arrival without Report (Junk),

218

** in to ca

Assault,

$ 2.00

1.00

...

65,57

Desertion,

Disorderly Conduct,

...

Drunkenness,

10.00

40.00

Found stowed away,

***

Harbour Regulations, Breach of,

Insubordination,

...

Leaving without Clearance (Junk),

...

Neglect of Duty,

196909aSOK ( )

Obstruction of fairway5,.....................................................................................................................

Refusal of Duty,

...

0.25

1.00

15.00

5.00

Throwing ballast, &c., into Harbour,

•

Wilfully remaining behind,

...

TOTAL,..

144

ลง

►

$139.82

H. G. THOMSETT, R.N.,

Marine Magistrate, &c.

XXII.--DIAGRAM of Tonnage entered at Hongkong, from 1867 to 1881 inclusive.

BLUE LINE represents Junk Tonnage only.

RED LINE represents Foreign Shipping Tonnage only.

THICK BLACK LINE represents entire trade in Foreign Ships and Junks.

1878.

1879.

1880.

1881.

4,500,000

4,400,000

4,300,000

4,200,000

4,100,000

4,000,000

3,900,000

3,800,000

3,700,000

3,600,000

3,500,000

TONS.

4,500,000

4,400,000

4,300,000

4,200,000

4,100,000

4,000,000

3,900,000

3,800,000

3,700,000

3,600,000

3,500,000

3,400,000

3,300,000

3,200,000

3,100,000

3,000,000

2,900,000

2,800,000

2,700,000

2,600,000

2,500,000

2,100,000

2,300,000

2,200,000

2,100,000

2,000,000

1,900,000

1,800,000

1,700,000

1,600,000

1,500,000

1,400,000

1,300,000

1,200,000

1,100,000

1,000,000

Harbour Department, Hongkong, 18th March, 1882.

མ

H. G. THOMSETT. R.N.,

4,500,000

4,400,000

4,300,000

4.,200,000

4,100,000

4,000,000

3,900,000

3,800,000

3,700,000

3,600,000

3,500,000

3,400,000

3,300,000

3,200,000

3,100,000

3,000,000

2,900,000.

2,800,000

2,700,000

2,600,000

2,500,000

2,400,000

2,300,000

2,200,000

2,100,000

2,000,000

1,900,000

1,800,000

1.700,000

1,600,000

1,500,000

1,400,000

1,300,000

1,200,000

1,100,000

1,000,000

1881.

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION-No. 104.

The following Annual Report from the Postmaster General is published for general information.

By His Excellency's Command,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 11th March, 1882.

W. M. DEANE, Acting Colonial Secretary.

GENERAL POST OFFICE, HONGKONG, 16th February, 1882.

SIR, I have the honour to report on the British Postal Service in Hongkong and China during

2. Few persons who have had much to do with the preparation of Reports, especially of such as are drawn up in the mere course of routine, can have avoided asking themselves whether these annually recurring documents are of any use? And when they mainly consist of masses of tabulated figures, may be doubted whether they are of such practical service as to compensate for the heavy expense of printing. It is satisfactory therefore to consider that valuable additions to our Postal Service -Parcel Post with India and with Ceylon, and a Money Order system with India-have been instituted as direct consequences of the Report prepared in this Department last year. Advantage has been taken of the initiation of the India Money Order system to revise our Rates of Money Order Commission (adapting them to the decimal coinage of this Colony) and to assimilate those levied on Local and Intercolonial orders to the sums charged on Imperial and Indian orders.

3. A Parcel Post with France will probably also shortly be commenced. It may be hoped the time is not far distant when any small object, not of an unsuitable nature, will be transmissible by post at a moderate rate,

4. Continual vigilance will have to be maintained, however, to prevent the transmission of articles utterly unsuitable for forwarding by post. A complaint was received during the year from the German Post Office, that a box of Vesta matches forwarded in a Registered Letter from Shanghai had exploded in the travelling Post Office van, thereby nearly leading to an accident the results of which might not have been confined to the Mails or the Mail Officers. Lucifers of Japanese manufacture also took fire in this Office. The senders of these matches would no doubt have been ready to argue that they were the most innocuous things in the world. Everybody is always convinced of the harmlessness of his own sample. A tin of sardines, for instance, looks as if it might go round the globe, and so, under favourable circumstances* it might. On the other hand it might not go twenty yards without an unpleasant accident. It happens to be the bottom packet in a heavy bag, the coolie who is carrying that bag to the wharf lets it fall, the end of the tin is immediately driven out, and the contents of the bag soaked in oil.

5. A correspondence arose with the London Office as to whether sugar should not be classed as one of those substances which must never be sent by post at all. The letters exchanged are printed In the Appendix. In view of the importance of the growing trade in sugar it is a pity that the tran- smission of samples cannot be arranged, but it is impossible not to defer to the larger experience of the London Office which proves such transmission to be practically unsafe.

6 The trouble and delay caused by the large numbers of short-paid newspapers alluded to in last year's Report continued until the London Office cut the knot by sending them all out by private ship. They still arrive (but now as fully paid) in considerable quantities. All endeavours to get at the senders and impress on them that newspaper Postage from the United Kingdom to China is Three- half-pence seemed to fail.

This was perhaps partly owing to the idea which prevails that under the Postal Union the sums charged as postage must be the same in all countries. It is not so. The rules of the Postal Union prescribe limits which must not be exceeded, but within those limits there is a discretion, especially as to the rates on correspondence carried long distances over sea. Hence it is 'that a newspaper sent from London to China by mail is charged Id, but in the reverse direction 1d. only. People out here wrote home and told their friends, The postage is 2 cents, that is to say, a penny, and no amount of official statements would convince the recipients of this information that it was incorrect.

8. It was found necessary to put a stop to a practice which prevailed here of posting letters without any attempt to prepay them. The senders were mostly clerks, and the reason for this bad habit would generally be found in the fact that the addressee in any given case was employed by some firm, to whose account the postage would be charged instead of coming out of the pocket of either of the correspondents.Now an unpaid letter gives at least twenty times as much trouble as a paid.one, and all unpaid letters tend to retard the delivery of the mail in which they are. The person therefore who, having the means to prepay his letter, does not prepay it, can only be regarded as a public enemy It has been necessary to remind the young gentlemen who carried on the practice referred to that prepayment of local correspondence is compulsory.

-pair of the silvered glass globes used for Christmas trees were once sent to this Office very indifferently packed with cotton wool in a cigar The box was amashed into little pieces, and one of the globes was represented only by a handful of fragments. But the other, which had come all the way from Brindisi wrapped only in a bit of brown paper, reached Hongkong unbroken («

"CC

9. No portion of the community is so determined to send unpaid letters if possible as the less intelligent class of Indian traders, some of whom will wander round the Office trying window after window to get their letters accepted without payment. In many other respects they aresthe most troublesome class of people the Post Office here has to deal with. The careless way in which they write the addresses on letters, the apathy with which they view delay or loss of correspondence, "their ineradicable belief that an unpaid letter travels more safely than a paid one, and their incom

prehensible custom of refusing correspondence on the ground that they do not know the writer, or "that they do not expect a letter "*-all these things make them difficult to deal with in Postal business, and to these must be added their cherished habit of affixing stamps on the wrong side of the envelope, their belief that the person to whom a Registered Letter is addressed is bound to take it in, and, worst of all, a way they have of complaining that Registered Letters have not been delivered, because an answer has not arrived by the very first opportunity, although perhaps there was hardly time for an answer at all.

10. It has been necessary on two occasions to set in motion the law as to giving accurate notice of the departures of steamers, and several times to threaten to do so. It may be conceded at once that steamers cannot start to the minute, and therefore, unless they are to lose time by waiting for fixed hours, absolutely exact notice is impossible, but it has always been the aim of this Department to read. the Ordinance in a reasonable spirit, and not to make difficulties about trifles. Perhaps as the result of this, an idea seems to have grown up that any sort of notice will do for the Post Office. Agents notify their steamers to start at noon when they must know perfectly well they will never move before evening or perhaps well into the following day. It may possibly be necessary to take further steps to establish a better state of things, but it is hoped the publication of these remarks may suffice. An hour in the business portion of the day, or two hours at other times (from dark to daylight not counting however) is the extreme margin which should be allowed to elapse without a supplementary notice.

11. The contract mails will probably continue to leave on Monday during half the on this subject from the London Post Office is printed in the Appendix.†

year.

A letter

12. In July last the P. & O. Packet Pekin broke her shaft soon after leaving Singapore on the outward voyage. The mails were brought on here by the Deucalion (Blue Funnel line) reaching this Colony and Shanghai four days after the respective contract times. A further delay of two hours in the delivery of papers &c., resulted at Shanghai, as there was not time to sort them in this Office.

13. In February last the Japanese packet Sumida Maru, which had on board the French and English Mails for Kobe and the English Mail for Yokohama, broke a piston and had to put into Amoy. in distress. After a good deal of telegraphing it was decided to send the mails on from Amoy to Shanghai, and thence through the Inland Sea. The Mitsu Bishi packet waited for them at Shanghai nearly a week, and they did not reach their destinations until after considerable delay.

14. The forwarding of mails to Japan, since the P. & O. packets between Hongkong and that country ceased to be subsidised, has proved a somewhat difficult matter-difficult at least to carry out to the satisfaction of all concerned. Of two steamers starting about the same time for the same place, it is often impossible to form even a reasonable guess as to which will arrive first. The Agents frequently *cannot tell to within 12 hours or so how soon their vessels will start. When the chance of catching other packets at Shanghai or Yokohama is added, with a doubt whether the printed Time Table is being strictly observed, the problem often does become rather tangled. Difficult as it may be, however, to point out the best route a day before, it is particularly easy to do so a week after, when all the possibilities have become certainties, a distinction perhaps somewhat overlooked by impatient expectants of the Mail, who fail to see why the Post Office could not be equally wise before the event. The rule of this Office has been No risks, and, failing the appointment of an Agent of the Japanese Post Office or communities-to choose the routes for mails, it will be adhered to.

15. General International Statistics for the settlement of accounts were taken in May last. They passed off smoothly and without any irregularity. The arrears in accounts alluded to in previous Reports have mostly disappeared, as much so in fact as they ever will. It is not possible, under the Union system, to have accounts as closely up to date as when each month's transactions were accounted for at the end of that month.

16. A considerable increase is observed in the correspondence for Union Countries (other than the United States) forwarded to San Francisco for distribution. That for Canada forms the largest item, but Chinese letters for Hawaii (which has entered the Union) bid fair to outnumber it. Many Chinese letters are also forwarded to Cuba, Peru, and Chili, a few even to Costa Rica and the Argentine Republic.

* Indian Post Office Manual. Preface, p. XXII.

† Since the above was written Tuesday has been fixed for the English Mail.

A case in point may be cited, as follows:-The English Mail arrived here per Kaisar-i-hind on January 9th (1882), and went on to Shanghai the next morning. The Nagasaki Mail would have been sent up in her as usual, but that the Sunda was advertised to start for Naga saki direct on the 11th, and was thus undoubtedly the better opportunity. The Mail was therefore kept for the direct steamer, but scarcely had the Kaisar-i-hind left the harbour than the Sunda's departure was indefinitely postponed, thus keeping the Nagasaki Mail here for some days.

17. An improvement, suggested by NOEL TROTTER, Esq., of the Straits Settlements Post Office, has been introduced into the sorting of the French Mail. It is based upon the fact that, in sorting letters to many addresses, more time is consumed in walking to and fro than in the actual placing of the correspondence. It is therefore an economy to detach two officers to perform a preliminary sorting of the correspondence into Sections, which Sections are then sorted, without walking about, by the others. Although the staff is necessarily weakened by two, and though each letter is sorted twice, the plan is found to save about fifteen minutes out of two hours. It may be possible eventually to apply it to newspapers also.

18. A table will be found in the Appendix shewing the amounts of correspondence posted in the ́Pillar boxes at the West End of the Town, which are cleared three times a day. As will be seen,

numbers are not large, but the boxes are maintained, as it is desirable to have frequent communication the along so long a line of road. Should the Town spread much more to Westward a subsidiary Office near the Gas works will probably become necessary.

19. The quickest transits between Hongkong and London or vice versâ have been 32 days, the Mail having twice arrived here within that period by P. & O. packet, and having twice been carried home in 32 days by French packet. The slowest passage was 43 days (Oxus, with Mail of November 11th), but this was due to four days' detention in the Suez Canal. There have been eight transits of 40 days, of which six were by consecutive homeward P. & O. packets (Mails of April 28th to July 7th inclusive). The following are approximate* averages for the year :-

P. & O. Packets, Outward, French Packets, Homeward, French Packets, Outward, P. & O. Packets, Homeward,

34 days. 351

363

371

Taking both lines together, and the Outward route with the Homeward, this gives as nearly as possible thirty six days as the average Mail passage.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

ALFRED LISTER,

Postmaster General.

The Honourable M. S. TONNOCITY,

Acting Colonial Secretary, &c.,

&c.,

fc.

APPENDIX.

(A.)-TRANSMISSION OF SAMPLES OF SUGAR.

GENERAL POST OFFICE, HONGKONG, 14th October, 1881.

SIR, I have had the honour to receive your letter No. 144,306 of September 6th on the subject of certain samples of Sugar forwarded from Swatow through this office.

Before issuing a notice to foreign residents in China prohibiting the sending of samples of sugar, however packed, I venture respectfully to ask your favourable consideration of the question whether sugar, when packed in tin, really does contravene Article V (3rd sub-section, 2) of the Convention of Paris.

Nothing can be more objectionable, I admit, than sugar when packed in paper or other porous material. But whilst a very large number of samples of sugar in tin have passed through this office during the last few years; not a single complaint of practical inconvenience has been received, except your representation that it is not easy to inspect the contents. This however, would apply still more strongly to the samples of tea which are despatched from China by thousands every year, and I need hardly say that any attempt to prohibit the sending of muster tins of tea would cause a great outcry. At present rates of Postage there is little inducement to anybody to insert letters in sample packets, and especially nobody would do so in packets of sugar, as the letters would be rendered illegible and the sugar discoloured.

If people were prompted to send sugar through the Post merely by the trifling motives which lead them to send bride-cake and other such unsuitable matters, I would not say a word in defence of the practice. There can be little doubt, however, that sugar refining is going to be an enormous business in China, probably second only to the trade in tea. Within the last few years this industry (quite a new one) has increased in the most striking manner. Such being the case, I beg to submit that the prohibition of a practice so vitally bound up with successful business as the sending of samples is rather a serious matter, and, in face of the fact that some offices even allow the transmission of liquids, would certainly provoke grave discontent.

The sender of the packets in question (which would seem to have arrived perfectly dry) was wrong in affixing so much information to his tin boxes, but otherwise he had taken considerable pains to comply with the stipulations of the local Post Office Guide, which I append.

Whatever your decision in this matter may be, I hope that any samples of sugar arriving in good order up till the time when I shall have received your answer and acted upon it may be delivered.

SA BLACKWOOD, Esq., C.B.,

Secretary to the Post Office,

&c.

LONDON.

I have &c.,.

(Signed)

Alfred Lister,

Postmaster General.

bove averages are taken from not quite all the year's voyages, but would probably not be materially affected by those remaining.

No. 144,300.

GENERAL POST OFFICE LONDON, 3rd December; 1881-

SI-I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 14th of October last, No. 712, in which, with reference to the communication from this Department of the 6th September, you urge that samples of sugar should be allowed to pass through the post between China and this country.

The Department has carefully reconsidered this question, but it can see no reason for altering its opinion that the transmission of sugar from hot climates, or indeed under any circumstances, is contrary to the provisions of Article 5 of the Convention of Paris of 1878, which forbids the transmission of any thing likely to stain or injure the correspondence.

It is possible, no doubt, that samples of sugar may sometimes pass through the post without injurious results; but, on the other hand, it is the experience of the Officers here that such samples frequently arrive in an almost liquid condition, and it is not found that sufficient security is afforded by packing them in the way you suggest, as even Tin Boxes are liable to be crushed to a sufficient extent to allow of the moisture exuding and damaging the correspondence..

Packets in such a condition were received here from Batavia on several occasions last year-causing considerable damage and it was found necessary to remonstrate strongly with the Batavian Post Office, through the Director of Posts at The Hague.

Under these circumstances, the Department, while regretting any inconvenience which may result from this needful restriction being enforced, must ask you to be so good as to take steps to prevent the transmission of sugar samples to this country in future.

I may add that, in the view of the Department, the foregoing objections apply equally to the transmission of soap and candles, both of which articles are described as admissible in the extract from the Local Postal Guide which you enclosed.

I am, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

The Postmaster General, Hongkong.

(B.)-MAIL DEPARTURE ON MONDAY.

(Signed)

G. HARDY

No. 487.

GENERAL POST OFFICE,

LONDON, 7th April, 1881.

SIR, I have received your letter of the 15th February last, in which, whilst acknowledging the receipt of a supply of copies of the Time Table of the India and China Mail Packet Services for the present year, you call attention to an inconvenience which you state is felt by the community of Hongkong by Monday having been fixed for the departure of the homeward Packet during half the year, viz. from October to March.

The Postmaster General is sorry for the inconvenience thus occasioned to the community of Hongkong, but he does not at present see any remedy for it. In arranging a service like that of the combined India, China and Australia Mails, all in connection at Suez with a single line to Brindisi, it is obviously not possible to suit the convenience of every place. served. All that can be done is to make the best general arrangements which are practicable.

Last year it was found that there was not sufficient interval between the arrival of the India Mail in England and the return Mail, and great inconvenience was experienced here in consequence. In order to remove this inconvenience arrangements were concerted, after much deliberation between the India Office and this Department, for bringing the Mails into London regularly every Tuesday throughout the year, so as to allow sufficient time to all parts of the Kingdom to receive letters and answer them by the return Mail.

This advantage is attained by the present Time Table, and the arrangement promises to be successful. It will no doubt prove most acceptable to the Mercantile and other interests connected with India and China, and the Postmaster General would be very reluctant to make any change which would interfere with the scheme.

The Postmaster General, Hongkong.

I am, &c.,

(Signed)

Eow. H. REA.

(C.)—COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE 1880 & 1881.

Imperial and Foreign Share, Conveyance of Mails and contribu- tion towards P. & O. Subsidy,' *

1881.

1880.

$31,344.88

$33,430.74

Decrease,........... $ 2,085.86

$11,588.78

$20,501.87

Decrease,.

$9,913.09

.$31,901.92

$33,084.87

Decrease,.

..$27,874.98

$ 9,486.09

Increase,

$102,710.56

$96,503.57

Increase,

Expenditure,t

Balance,

Gross Revenue,.

* The Contribution for 1880-1 has not yet been assessed, and was not paid. The large decrease is therefore only apparent. † Crown Agents' account not included.

$1,182.95 .$18,388.89

$ 6,206.99

(D.)-MONEY ORDER BUSINESS.

Colonial

Total

No. of Orders.

Amount.

Com-

mission.

In Sterling.

Hongkong on London,.....

Shanghai

Hongkong or Shanghai on Queensland,

1,723

£ s. d. 7,994.18. 7

$ c.

268.77

788

2,931. 1. 4

106.64

36. 0. 0

2.75

on New South Wales,

200. 5. 9

11.75

on South Australia,

80.13. 2

5.00

on Western Australia,

Total Outward Orders in Sterling,.

2,565

10,342.18.10

394.91

London on Hongkong,

113

408.19. 8

23.03

on Shanghai,

95. 5. 3

5.33

Queensland on Hongkong or Shanghai,

457. 7. 6

New South Wales on

254

1,730.15. 0

92.31

South Australia on-

282.10. 8

15.07

Western Australia on

3. 0. 0

...

Total Inward Orders in Sterling,..

529

2,977.18. 1

135.74

In Dollars.

$ c.

Hongkong on Shanghai,

1,221.49

17.25

Japan,

1,003.101

7.50

22.

or Shanghai on Straits Settlements,

931.43

12.25

Total Outward Orders in Dollars,

133

3,156.02

37.00

Shanghai on Hongkong,......

Japan

Straits Settlements on Hongkong,.

Total Inward Orders in Dollars,....

TOTAL COMMISSION,..........

111

2,279.83

34.25

663.80

1,978.99

256

4,922.62

34.25

..$.

601.90

Hongkong gives the paying Colony 1 per cent. commission on these amounts. Hongkong received 1 per cent, commission on these amounts.

Most of this amount consisted of the values of Imperial Money Orders in favour of seamen in H. M. fleet, which were exchanged for Local Orders on Japan without charging a fresh Commission, hence the relatively small amount of Commission reported.

DESCRIPTION

(E)-APPROXIMATE STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1881.

Supplied to the International Bureau of the Postal Union, Berne.

CORRESPONDENCE.

Ordinary paid Letters,..

Unpaid and short paid Articles,...

Letters on Postal Business,..

Post Cards,.

Do.. with prepaid reply,

Newspapers and Periodicals,

Books, Circulars, Prices Current, &c.,

Patterns,..

Commercial Papers,

Registered Articles,

Letters with value declared,

Registered Articles with Return Receipt,

Parcels,

Do. with value declared,

Number of Money Orders,

Amount of

Do.

INTERNATIONAL.

LOCAL.

COMPARISON WITH 1880.

TOTAL.

De- Epatched.

Received.

De- spatched-

Received.

Total in 1880.

Increase. Decrease.

375,100

339,500 69,000

5,500 12,000

3,500

740. 2,600

890 4,800 1

1,400

;

3,100

75.700 13,500 1,300 1,100

859,300 34,500 4,330 11,600

785,000 27,500

74,000

7,000

3,800 4,400

530

7,200

101,000 807,800

135,000

3,500

85,700 3,500

79,700 11,200

19,900

508.400

495,000

2 13,400

11,200

243,100

415,000

250

150

130

11,128

160 13,988

4,745

2,977

7,400 290 32,838

19.600

1,300 32,600

***

171,900 12,200 1,010

238

...

195

325

198

117

120

888

783

780

...

317

770

453

2,647

674

111

3,483

3,244

239

fr. 285,483 fr. 92,624

fr. 6,107 fr. 11,399 fr. 395,613 fr.367,691 | fr. 57,922

(F-SALE OF POSTAGE STAMPS.

1881.

DENOMINA-

TION.

Number.

Amount.

1880.

INCREASE.

DECREASE.

Number.

Amount.

Number.

Amount. Number. Amount..

$ C.

€

1 Cent (Cards).

6,876

2 Cents.

404,566

68.76 8,091.32

19,562

195.62

419,718

8,394.36

(Cards).

2,585

77.55

6,429

192.87

33,760

1,350.10

51,380

2,055.20

212,706

10,365.30

213,293

10,664.65

12,686

126.80

15,152

303.04

3,814

115.32

17,620

704.80

587

20.35

445,347

44,534.70

333,498

33,349.80

111,849

32,452

9,735.60

17,963

5,388.90

14,489

11,184.90 4,346.70

...

•

7,034

3,376.32

8,505

4,082.40

2 Dollars.

5,001

4,803.84

5,192

4,984.92

1,182

2,364.00

1,020

2,040.00

162

634

1,902.00

500

1,500.00

134

324.00 402.00

Other values*

8.76

12,291.84

1,471 188

706.08

180.48

12,283.08

Total,.....

* Now withdrawn from use.

86,948.55

85,139.96

16,257.60

14,449.01

Deduct Decrease, Total Increase,.

14,449.01 $1,808.59

(G.)-RETURN OF CORRESPONDENCE POSTED IN PILLAR BOXES.

First Quarter of 1881,

Second Third

Fourth

HARBOUR DEPARTMENT.

WEST POINT.

TOTAL.

No. of Articles.

300

360

660

351

505

856

316

391

707

345

439

784

Total,....

.1,312

1,695

3,017

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.—No. 276.

The following Annual Reports on the state of the Government Schools in Hongkong, for the year 1881, are published for general information.

By Command,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 1st July, 1882.

No. 24.

FREDERICK STEWART,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

GOVERNMENT CENTRAL SCHOOL,

HONGKONG, 28th March, 1882.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward to you the Annual Returns connected with this School for 1881, and to be, Sir, Your most obedient Servant,

GEO. H. BATESON WRIGHT,

Head Master.

The Hon. W. M. DEANE,

Acting Colonial Secretary,

&.c...

JC.,

&c.

AVERAGE EXPENSE of each SCHOLAR at the CENTRAL SCHOOL during 1881. Expenditure, Deduct School Fees,......

No. 87.

Total Expense of the School,.

17-

Average Daily Attendance,...................

A. Average Expense of each Scholar calculated by the Total Enrolment,

$14,601.15 4,051,00

.$10,550.15

.$18.77 27.35 GEO. H. BATESON WRIGHT,

Head Master.

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT,

HONGKONG, 8th May, 1882..

SIR, I have the honour to forward herewith the Annual Report on Education and the Blue Book returns for the year 1881.

2. The total number of schools, subject to supervision by the Government, amounted in 1881 to 72 as compared with 63 in 1880, 50 in 1879 and 47 in 1878. The total number of scholars, subject to supervision and annual examination by the Government, amounted in 1881 to-4,372 as compared with 3,886 in 1880, 3,460 in 1879 and 3,152 in 1878. These figures indicate a steady increase, con- tinued during the last four years, in the general number of schools and scholars subject to Govern- ment supervision.

3. The numbers above given include both the so-called Government schools, i.e. secular schools established by the Government, or aided by the Government (by monthly grants), and the so-called Grant-in-Aid schools, i.e. religious denominational schools, Protestant and Roman Catholic, which are aided by the Government by annual grants under the provisions of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme. Comparing the rolls of these two different classes of schools, I find that we had in 1881, in 35 secular Government schools, 1,986 scholars as compared with 2,078 scholars in 1880, 2,043 in 1879 and 2,101 in 1878; and I further find that we had in 1881, in 37 denominational schools, 2,237 scholars as com- pared with 1,808 in 1880, 1,417 in 1879 and 1,051 in 1878. I see therefore a slight but steady decrease, from year to year, in the attendances at the secular Government schools, which decrease is counterbalanced, as it is no doubt caused, by the manifest steady increase, observable year by year, the number of scholars attending the religious denominational Grant-in-Aid schools. If, however, the limited accommodation of the present Government Central School were remedied by the building of a new Central School, with increased staff and accommodation, the result would be somewhat different. 4. The Census taken in 1881 enabled me to arrive at a tolerably correct estimate of the number of scholars attending schools not under Government supervision or inspection. It appears that on

3rd April, 1881, as many as 6,587 children were returned as scholars, and it may safely be assumed that nearly all of them attended schools in the Colony at that time. Deducting from this number the number of scholars enrolled in the secular and denominational schools under Government inspection (4,372), I find that there were 2,215 scholars attending private schools. The Census of 1881 enables me also to calculate, more satisfactorily than it was possible to do so in previous years, the proportion of educated to uneducated children in the Colony. It appears, on an approximate calculation (sec Table XVI appended to this report) that, out of 21,869 children under 16 years of age, resident in the Colony in 1881, there were 6,587 returned as scholars, and that about 5,467 were then less than five years of age. Hence I infer that the number of children who ought to have been in school, but did not attend any school in 1881, amounted to about 9,815. This estimate is, however, but an approxi- mate one, and as it includes children up to 16 years of age, while many leave school when 14 or 15. years of age, this estimate is certainly rather above than below the mark. I am, therefore, inclined to think that the number of uneducated children, who did not attend school in 1881, may safely be estimated at 8,000. Considering, however, that almost all the existing schools in the Colony are much over-crowded, it appears to me very likely that the number 8,000 represents not merely the number of uneducated children in the Colony, but the number of children for whom there is actually no school provided by public or private means. Further, as the number of girls (859) who attended known schools in 1881 is, when compared with the number of boys (about 4,000) attending such schools, very far below the ratio of proportion of native boys (10,824) and girls (10,340) resident in the Colony, it seems to me safe to assume that a vast majority of those 8,000 uneducated children, for whom there is no school provided, are girls. The observations I made in all parts of the Colony incline me also to the opinion, that this want of schools and school accommodation for about 8,000 children exists principally in the central parts of the town, where rent is too high to enable the ordinary Chinese teachers to make a living out of the small fees commonly paid in ordinary Chinese schools. There is no: lack of demand for education of some sort among the Chinese people of this Colony, whether resident in the town or in the villages, but with the exception of the villages, where the Aid System is freely. availed of by the people, none of the Kaifong (native residents) of Hongkong have yet applied to the Government for grants-in-aid for educational purposes.

5. Female education appears to be making slight progress in the Colony. As the Grant-in-Aid schools give year by year increased attention to female education, the number of girls attending Government schools continues to decrease from year to year. The number of girls attending Govern- ment schools fell in 1878 to 235, in 1879 to 179, in 1880 to 138 and in 1881 to 120. On the other hand, in the Grant-in-Aid schools the attendance of girls rose during the same years from 343 in 1878, to 431 in 1879, to 564 in 1880 and to 739 in 1881. As regards the Chinese population of the Colony, the Census of 1881 records a total of 10,824 boys and 10,340 girls resident in the Colony. Apart from the girls' schools under Government inspection, and numbering in 1881 but 859 girls, there are very few girls' schools in existence in the Colony. There is therefore clearly a great educational want unfulfilled yet. I have stated above my opinion that a vast majority of the 8,000 uneducated children of this Colony are girls. If I add here that nearly all these children are Chinese and that a considerable number of these girls are not living with their own parents, but are purchased servant girls, though of tender age, and live under a sort of servitude, the need to provide for their education becomes even more apparent. Although the Chinese are, as a rule, very anxious to send their own children to school, they do not care to give their purchased servant girls any education. It is against the interests of the employer to send them to school. I am no advocate of compulsory education, I think the peculiar circumstances of this Colony and the prevalence of domestic female servitude in Hongkong recommend a partial application of the system of compulsory education, in purely Chinese subjects, to those classes of Chinese females regarding which the Government (as the proper guardian- of such purchased children whose parents are in most cases not living in Hongkong) has an interest, if not a duty, to make sure that such girls know, or at least have an opportunity of learning, that they are free.

but

6. Considering the steadily increasing number of schools teaching English, it is evident that there is from year to year a steady progress made in the promotion of a knowledge of English in this Colony. Besides 7 Government schools which teach English in addition to Chinese, there were in 1881 seven Grant-in-Aid schools teaching English only. The total number of children learning English in schools under Government supervision amounted to 1334.

7. The work done by the Government Central School in 1881, has been tested by me by an examination which I conducted on the same principles which I follow in the annual examinations of the Grant-in-Aid schools, but with such adaptations as the peculiar case of the Central School demanded. As regards Chinese studies, for which there is now but little time available in the Central School, since the number of hours during which the school is taught every day has been reduced from 8 to 6 hours, I may here briefly state that the results of the Chinese examination, which I conducted, shewed that in Chinese composition a fair result had been obtained, but that Chinese memoriter repeti- tion of the classics cannot be kept up now. But as the change was made in the latter portion of the year, it is too soon yet to come to a satisfactory decision. It would be useless therefore to detail here the results of the Chinese examination. But the results of the English examination may be stated as follows.

8. The Preparatory School was examined in reading, writing and arithmetic. Of 126 boys thus examined, only 104 had the requisite number of 200 attendances which in Grant-in-Aid schools is the sine-qua-non for admission to the examination. Counting therefore only these 104 boys who had the requisite number of attendances, I find that 10 failed in reading, 2 in writing and 4 in arithmetic; that 12 failed in one subject only, 1 failed in 2 subjects, and 1 in 3 subjects. Allowing then, in considera- tion of the fact that this school spends part of its time on Chinese studies, the copywriting to make up for failure in one subject, as the Grant-in-Aid Scheme allows in other standards, the net result of this examination is that, out of 104 boys examined, 2 failed to pass.

9. The Eighth Class was examined in reading, dictation, arithmetic and copywriting. Out of 39 boys examined, only 29 had the requisite number of attendances. Counting only these 29 boys, I find none failed in reading, 1 failed in dictation, 5 failed in arithmetic, none failed in copywriting. None failed in more than 1 subject. The result, therefore, is that the 29 boys examined passed without exception.

10. The Seventh Class was examined in reading, dictation, arithmetic and copywriting. Out of 41 boys examined, 36 had the requisite number of attendances. Counting only these 36 boys, I find that 2 failed in reading, 3 failed in dictation, 8 failed in arithmetic, and none failed in copywriting; that 11 failed in 1 subject only, and that 1 failed in 2 subjects. The result then is that, out of 36 boys examined, only 1 failed to pass.

11. The so-called Lower School, including the Sixth, Fifth and Fourth Classes, was examined in reading, dictation, arithmetic, geography, grammar and copywriting. Out of 93 boys examined, only 82 had the requisite number of attendances. Of these 82 boys, 10 failed in reading, 29 failed in dictation, 14 failed in arithmetic, 10 failed in geography, 5 failed in grammar and none failed in copy- writing. I find that 21 failed in 1 subject only, but 12 failed in 2 subjects, 3 failed in 3 subjects and 3 failed in 4 subjects each. The result, therefore, is that, out of 82 boys examined, 18 failed to pass. The unfavourable result of this examination, the subjects of which, as in all other cases, had been fixed upon by myself in concert with the Headmaster and the Masters of these Classes, is in my opinion caused by the system of promoting boys from one class to another in the course of each term, which system appears to have still been in vogue in 1881. Some boys in this school had been admitted a few days before the examination took place, and many had evidently been moved out of the Preparatory or Eighth and Seventh Classes into this school before they were ripe for it.

12. The Third Class of the Central School was examined in reading, dictation, arithmetic, geography, grammar, composition and copywriting. Out of 27 boys examined, only 20 had the requisite number of attendances: Of these 20 boys none failed in reading, uone in dictation, 5 failed in arithmetic, none failed in geography, 1 failed in grammar, 5 failed in composition, and none in copywriting. I find 7 failed in 1 subject only, 2 failed in 2 subjects each. The result is, therefore, that, out of 20 boys examined, 2 failed to pass.

13. The Second Class of the Central School was examined in reading, dictation, arithmetic, geography, grammar, composition and copywriting. Out of 26 boys examined, 24 had the requisite number of attendances. Of these 24 boys, 5 failed in dictation, 4 failed in composition, but none failed in any of the other subjects. I find that 7 failed in 1 subject only, and 2 failed in 2 subjects each. The result, therefore, is that, out of 24 boys, 2 failed to pass.

14. The First Class of the Central School was examined in reading, dictation, arithmetic, geogra- phy, composition, history and copywriting. Out of 33 boys examined, 28 had the requisite number of attendances. I find that, out of 28 boys, none failed in reading, 4 failed in dictation, 7 failed in arithmetic, 5 failed in geography, 1 failed in composition, 5 failed in history and none failed in copywriting. I further find that 3 failed in 1 subject only, 4 failed in 2 subjects, 1 failed in 3 subjects and 2 failed in 4 subjects each. The result is, therefore, that, out of 28 boys examined in this high standard, in which Grant-in-Aid schools bring forward but very few boys, out of 28 boys examined, 7 failed to pass.

15. The result total of the examination of the Central School appears to me to have been satis- -factory. It is hardly possible to compare the Central School with any other school in the Colony, because, with the exception of the Diocesan School, which as a boarding school differs widely from the Central School, none other in the Colony combines English and Chinese teaching. The Diocesan School, which devotes part of every afternoon to Chinese teaching and gives the rest of the day to English teaching, does not submit the result of the Chinese teaching to Government examination, as it receives no grant for it. All the other schools in the Colony, which teach English, devote the whole of their school hours exclusively to English teaching. The Central School surrenders 2 hours each day to Chinese teaching. Under these circumstances it seems to me that the above detailed results of the Central School examinations, which, with the exception of the case of the Lower School, compare favourably with the results of most Grant-in-Aid schools, are satisfactory. This favourable result, obtained under adverse circumstances, is due no doubt to the excellent organisation and discipline of the Central School, next to the superior qualifications of its trained Masters.

16. The ordinary Government schools, which, teach no English, and the Village schools, subsidized by the Government by a small monthly grant as Aided Schools, all of which teach Chinese

one and of

only, have gone their usual couses in previous years, and do not call for any special remark. But it is necessary to advert briety ti ose Govern hent schools, outside the Central School, which teach both English and Chinese Among these schools, the Government school at Stanley was the least satisfactory, as

ne number of boys, earning English there, gradually dwindled down, through various causes, ill there were at the end of the your bit 4 boys learning English in addition to Chinese, all the others studying Chinese only. At the Shaukiwan Government school the state of affairs was hardly better. In both of these villages the people appear to prefer a purely Chinese education to the teaching now given in both the English and Chinese languages by one Master in each place. To please these people, the Government would have to appoint one Master to teach Chinese exclusively and another to teach English. But as the number of those who wish to learn English is small in these two places, it is hardly to be expected that the Government should incur the large additional expense. There is, in Shaukiwán, the further difficulty that some of the boat-people and villagers there wishi the Chinese teaching to be given in the Hakka dialect, others in the Punti and others in the Hoklo dialect, whilst no teacher can be found able to teach in any two of these dialects. In the Anglo-Chinese Government school at Yaumáti things were comparatively more satisfactory. But here also the number of boys studying English is very small. At Wongnaich'ung the combined teaching of English and Chinese, both of which subjects are equally appreciated by the villagers, gave good results and this Anglo-Chinese school appears to be in a satisfactory condition. The best schools of this class, however are the two Anglo-Chinese Government schools at Saiyingp'ún and Wántsai. At Saiyingp'ún there is a native Master, educated at Howard University, Washington, U.S.A., teaching English, whilst there is another Government school in the same building teaching only Chinese, so that those who wish to learn Chinese in addition to English, have an opportunity of doing so. But few, however, avail themselves of it, and the majority devote the whole of each day to learning here English only, having private opportunities to keep up their Chinese knowledge. At the Wántsai Government school we have two Masters, one an Indian, educated at the Government Central School, who teaches English, and a native Master teaching Chinese. Only very few of the boys in this school omit studying Chinese in addition to English. This school was in September 1881 attached to the Normal School, to give the students of the Normal School opportunity for practical exercises in the art of teaching. The examination of both the Sayingp'ún and the Wántsai schools exhibited good results, such indeed as can fairly be compared with the results of the corresponding classes in the Central School.

17. As regards the Grant-in-Aid schools, the same details as those which I have given above with reference to the Central School, will be found collected in the tables accompanying this report, viz., in Table XIII, shewing the number of scholars who passed and failed in each standard as well as the amount of grant earned in each case, in Table XIV, which exhibits the percentage of scholars who passed in each school, and in Table XV, which shews the percentage of passes obtained by each of these schools in reading, writing, arithmetic, grammar, geography, history, repetition, explanation, and composition. But further details regarding these Grant-in-Aid schools having been called for, I proceed to add some remarks regarding the working and results of these schools in 1881, taking- these schools in order according to the class of teaching given in each.

18. None of the Grant-in-Aid schools has been placed in that highest class of schools for which the Grant-in-Aid Scheme has made provision in Rule No. 20, viz., Class V, "schools in which a European education is given in any European language with Chinese in addition." The Government Central School is almost the only school of this class in the Colony. But in Class IV. of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme, viz., for "schools in which a European education is given in any European language," we have Grant-in-Aid schools, 6 of which use the English language, and 3 use the Portuguese language as the medium of education. Those of these schools which teach English, may be divided into Roman Catholic and Protestant schools. Those which use the Portuguese language, in place of English, are exclusively Roman Catholic.

19. As regards those Roman Catholic Schools which teach English, I have to refer in the first instance to St. Joseph's College, under the charge of the Christian Brothers. This institution is divided into two distinct schools, one being specially for Chinese boys who, however, are taught English exclusively, and the other for Portuguese boys. Neither the Chinese nor the Portuguese language is taught in this institution or even used by way of explanation. The result of the examina tion was, in both divisions, highly satisfactory, as, out of 140 boys examined, 11 failed in one subject each, and only 4 failed to pass. A reference, however, to Table XV, shewing the results gained in 1880 and 1881 by a comparison of the percentage of passes obtained in reading, dictation, arith- metic, grammar, geography and history, indicates that there was, in 1881, a slight falling off in the results of teaching of the Chinese division, whilst there was a considerable improvement in the teaching of the Portuguese division, as compared with the results of the year 1880. It must also be taken into consideration that this highly satisfactory result was obtained by examining only those boys who had made up the requisite number of 200 daily attendances. Out of a total of 281 boys on the roll of St. Joseph's College, only 140 had fulfilled this preliminary requirement of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme There were, therefore, excluded from examination and grant 141 boys, or one half of the whole number enrolled, the natural consequence of the fact that the school was taught only 203 days in the year which left too small a margin for detention by sickness or accidents. As the repeated applications addressed to the Secretary of State, for a reduction of the number of 200 daily attendances, have been

decidedly declined, the only way to remedy the existing state of attendances, as regards St. Joseph's College, will be to abolish the Italian custom of giving a whole holiday every Wednesday (or Thursday).

20. With the Roman Catholic schools I class also the Victoria Schools, as they are under the patronage of the Roman Catholic Mission, although these schools do not teach religion at all. This latter point gives the Victoria Schools so far an advantage, as more time is given to secular instruction, but the entire absence of religious teaching deprives, in my opinion, the Victoria Schools of the educational power exercised by St. Joseph's College. On the other hand, the mixing of Portuguese and Chinese boys, which is the systematic practice of the Victoria boys' school, appears to produce a healthy emulation, of which St. Joseph's College deprives itself by the separation of Chinese from Portuguese scholars. Out of 104 scholars on the roll of the Victoria Schools, only 46 could be examined, and most of those who were not examined were excluded on the ground of insufficient attendances. Some, however, had been attending another Grant-in-Aid school or the Central School during part of the year, and were excluded from the grant on that score. Out of 27 boys examined, 3 failed in 1 subject each, but none failed entirely. There were also 19 girls examined and all passed. As the scholars of the Victoria Schools are distributed over all the six standards of the Code, it required very considerable effort on the part of the teachers to teach so many classes so efficiently.

21. The next Roman Catholic school which teaches English is St. Francis' girls school, which came last year for the first time under the Grant-in-Aid Scheme. Out of 15 girls presented for examination, only 8 had the requisite number of attendances, and these 8 girls were examined only in the two lowest standards of the Code. One failed in 2 subjects, the others passed. A distinguishing feature of this school is the fine needlework done by the pupils under the tuition of the Italian Sisters of Charity.

22. The remaining Roman Catholic schools which were under the Grant-in-Aid Scheme in 1881, and which give a European education, confine their teaching at present to the Portuguese language, viz., the St. Francis' Portuguese School and the Bridges Street Ragged Schools, all of which are under the tuition of the Italian Sisters of Charity. In St. Francis' Portuguese School, which is a mixed school very young children and infants, a considerable number had to be excluded from examination owing to their extreme youth making a pass in the lowest standard of the Code, which makes no provision for infant schools, an impossibility. Again, on the score of insufficient attendances, out of 41 presented, 21 had to be excluded from examination. Of the 20 children who could be examined, 17 were placed in the first (lowest) standard, and 3 in the second. The result was, however, satisfactory, as only 3 failed in 1 subject cach, and 18 passed. The Bridges Street Ragged Schools presented, after excluding infants and those who had not the full number of attendances, 18 boys for examination, but most of them were clearly too young to be expected to pass even in the lowest Standard of the Code. Out of 18 boys examined, there were accordingly 9 boys who failed in 3 subjects each, and 2 failed in 1 subject each. Thus, out of 18 boys examined, only 7 boys passed. But the failure was manifestly not caused by deficient teaching but by the extreme youth of the children. In the girls' school, the circumstances being the same, the result was little different. Out of 38 girls on the roll, 31 had the requisite number of attendances, but most of the children were too young to be expected to pass.. Accordingly 18 failed in 2 subjects each, and 2 failed in 1 subject each. Out of 31 girls examined, only 11 passed. Both these schools are specially designed for the Portuguese poor, and are doing an excellent work as ragged schools, though the remarkable tidiness and cleanliness of schools and scholars belies the idea of any raggedness.

23. Only two Protestant institutions teach English under the Grant-in-Aid Scheme, viz., the Diocesan School and the so-called Hongkong Public School, and both of them are connected with the Church of England. The Diocesan Home and Orphanage is a boarding school for Eurasian children, and although it gives also Chinese teaching, in addition to English which is the language of the school, it does not submit its Chinese teaching to Government examination. I can therefore only treat it as an English school. As such it presented 32 boys for examination and these were distributed over all the six standards of the Code, which fact, in view of the small staff, indicates a very considerable amount of work thrown on the teacher. Out of 31 boys examined, 7 failed in 1 subject each, 1 failed in 2 subjects, and 28 boys passed. This is a very satisfactory result.

This is a very satisfactory result. As this school devotes its afternoons to Chinese teaching, it is (apart from the Normal School) the only school in the Colony similar to the Central School in its combination of two languages taught in the school. On the other hand, being a boarding school, the Diocesan School has the advantage over the Central School by' bringing the boys even out of school-hours under English influences, and affording them at all hours of the day an opportunity of hearing English spoken out of school. The reason why this school does not submit its Chinese teaching to Government inspection, by placing it under Class V (for schools in which a European education is given with Chinese in addition), is probably this, that by so doing the risk of failures at the examination would be very considerably increased, whilst the value of a pass would be but slightly higher. In other words, the school would not be likely to earn as high a grant by being placed under Class V, as it now earns whilst being placed under the lower Class IV. This seems to me to indicate that the Code, as it stands at present, does not encourage the combination of two languages as subjects of instruction.

24. The Hongkong Public School, conducted at St. Paul's College, with an enrolment of 282 boys, all of whom were the sons of English speaking parents, presented only 14 boys for examination; the others having failed to attain to the requisite number of attendances or left. None was old enough to be presented in a higher standard than the fourth. One boy failed in two subjects, and all the others passed in every subject. Two boys were also examined in Algebra, as a special subject, and passed. Although, therefore, the school had but a small number of boys to present for examination- but one more than at the previous examination,-the result of the examination was highly creditable to the Master, and indeed the one boy who failed was too young and nervous to be expected to pasa... The class of residents, for whose children this Public School was specially designed, is too small to give any solid prospect of securing a larger attendance in future. The fees charged are also very high. In my opinion it would be more advantageous to the school, to revert to the former plan of admitting a number of respectable Chinese youths to be taught together with the English speaking boys, as the t increased number of scholars would enable the Committee to reduce the fees and to increase the staff, whilst the mixing of the two races would produce a healthy emulation without at all endangering the discipline, to which Chinese boys are far more amenable than European youths.

25. Under Class III of the Code, viz., for schools in which a European education is given in the Chinese language, we had in 1881 three schools, two of which are conducted by the Basel Mission in the Hakka dialect, and one by the Berlin Ladies' Society in the Punti dialect. One of the Basel Mission schools is a day school for boys, the other a boarding school for girls.

boarding school for girls. The boys' school of the Basel Mission, with an enrolment of 47 boys, presented only 19 boys, of whom 18 were present, for examination, the remainder having either ceased to attend or failed to attain the requisite number of 200 daily attendances during the year. Of the 18 boys examined, 5 failed in 1 subject each, and 1 in 2 subjects, and the result was that, out of 18 boys examined in the first three standards, 14 passed: Considering that 4 of the boys examined were clearly too young to be expected to pass in arithmetic, this result shewed that good teaching had been given, but the great irregularity of the attendances in this school, compared with the attendances in day schools for Hakka children in the immediate neigh- bourhood, appears to me to indicate that the kind of education given in this school is not much thought of by the parents of the boys, who evidently care more far a good Chinese than for a good European education. That it is not the religious teaching which the parents object to, appears clearly from the fact that crowds of the same class of children are thronging into the other Grant-in-Aid schools in the immediate neighbourhood, where as much religion is taught, but a Chinese education, instead of a European one, is given. The time which this boys' school of the Basel Mission devoted to the teaching of reading and writing colloquial Chinese in the Roman character, and to arithmetic, makes a serious inroad upon the time required for learning to read and write in the Chinese character and, in my opinion, mars, if it does not hinder, real proficiency in the latter. The disadvantages, however, which this system of education appears to imply, do not seem to have equal force in the case of girls for whom, if the two instances of the girls' schools conducted by the Basel Mission and Berlin Mission are a sufficient guide, this system would seem better suited. At any rate, the girls clearly gain under it better results than the boys. The Basel Mission Girls' School, admirably organised and conducted as a boarding school, shews this system to its best advantage, as all the girls are tolerably grounded in the written Chinese character, whilst the facility with which the girls in the highest classes write prose composition in the Hakka vernacular, using the Roman character, is a clear proof that there is con- siderable power in this system in the direction of educating the mind, apart from the greater variety: of mere instruction conveyed by it. Of 43 girls examined, all passed in every subject, with the exception of 11 girls in standard IV, of whom 3 failed in 1 subject each, 1 failed in 2 subjects, and 1 in 3 subjects. The latter two failures were clearly caused by individual incapacity. The result of the examination proved the teaching, which is here given by properly trained teachers, to have been excellent in all respects. Nevertheless it was evident to me that the system followed in this school does not admit of the same proficiency being obtained in the written Chinese character as is found in other girls' schools which give a purely Chinese education.

26. The only other school in the Colony, worked under this same system, is the girls' school of the Berlin Foundling House Bethesda, which is also a boarding school like the Basel Mission girls' school, and this school also produced, through its excellent teaching and organisation, very favourable results. None of these girls, however, were presented in the two highest standards. Out of 37 girls examined, 4 failed in 1 subject each, and the result was that only one failed to pass.

27. All the remaining Grant-in-Aid schools are worked under Class I of the Code, giving a purely Chinese education in the Chinese language only. But as all these schools, 23 in number, teach principally the Chinese Classics and supplement the ethical teaching of the Confucian Classics by religious Christian teaching, the work done in these schools has, in my opinion, a high educational value. Until the beginning of last year the Protestant Missions of the Colony held the monopoly of this system of teaching. Last year, for the first time, the Roman Catholic Mission placed one school, worked under this system, under the Grant-in-Aid Scheme, so that now 22 of these schools are Pro- testant Mission schools and 1 is a Roman Catholic school. Five of the Protestant Mission schools are under the superintendence of a native catechist and were opened by him on behalf of a few Chinese merchants who supply the funds. These schools are, however, distinctly Protestant, though not

ན་ཆེ་བ་ཨན

directly connected with any foreign Missionary. None of the Kaifong schools has as yet been placed under the Grant-in-Aid Scheme. There is no need to detail the results of the examination of each of these 23 Grant-in-Aid schools, as the results are summarily tabulated in the comparative Tables appended to this report. But a few general observations, which forced themselves into notice lately in con- "nection with these schools, may be interesting to the taxpayer and possibly contain useful hints to the Managers of these schools. I observed, in the first instance, a general steady improvement going on, from year to year, in the quality of teaching given in these schools, as well as in their organisation and discipline. As I knew all those of these schools which existed before they were brought under the Grant-in-Aid Code, I am certain that this general improvement in the effectiveness of these schools is principally due to the provisions of the Grant-in-Aid Scheme. On the other hand, this scheme, like all other schemes, has also its drawbacks. I observed several evil tendencies arising from some of its provisions. As, for instance, one-fourth of the annual grant earned by a school, goes, according to the provisions of the Code, to the paid teacher as a personal bonus, there is among most of the native teachers a strong tendency, not only to neglect the religious teaching which is not examined into nor specially paid for by the Government, in favour of the particular subjects required by the Code, but also to seek to obtain a high grant by special cramming during the last few months of the year. Another objectionable expedient lately resorted to by some of the native teachers of these schools in Class I, also adopted with a view to obtain a high personal bonus, is the practice of admitting at the beginning of the year a much larger number of children than there is teaching power to provide for, and to select out of the mass, and to drill in preference, the more intelligent portion of the scholars, but quietly to get rid, by neglect or otherwise, of the unpromising scholars. A further objectionable devise of the same sort is the practice, which appears more generally to be setting in in all the boys' schools in Class I, and which consists in training boys chiefly for the lower standards of the scheme in which passes can be obtained at the examination with comparative ease, but to bring forward as few scholars as possible for the higher standards in which the risk of failure is much greater. Thus, the liberality of the Code appears to have engendered a mercenary spirit among many of the native masters of schools in Class I, and it seems that this very scheme, which was introduced to raise the standard of education in the Colony, is, as far as these schools in Class I are concerned, liable to an abuse tending to lower the standard of education materially. Although the number of these schools and the number of their scholars has very largely increased since 1876, yet the subjoined figures shew that the number of scholars annually brought forward into the two highest standards of the Code has considerably

decreased since 1876.

Number of Scholars examined in Standards V and VI of Class I. 1876, number examined in Standards V and VI,

1877,

1878,

1879, 1880, 1881,

I find that the slight increase in the number of scholars brought forward into the higher stan- dards in 1881, as compared with the three preceding years, is due to the laudable efforts made in this direction by the girls' schools and their Managers. It is principally in the boys' schools in Class I, that the standard of education has manifestly been lowered instead of being raised. It is true that a con- siderable number of the boys in these schools leave, after four years study of Chinese, to be enrolled in the Central School to study English, but this fact does not sufficiently account for the excessively small number of boys now being brought forward year by year into the higher standards in spite of the enormous increase of the attendance in these schools. Finally I observed that in the case of some of these Grant-in-Aid schools in Class I, the expenses of which are very small, the amount of grant arned under the provisions of the Code in 1881 exceeded the amount actually spent by them in the I recommended therefore to the Government to introduce into the Grant-in-aid Scheme a rule, limiting the amount of grant, payable to any one school, by a fixed ratio of proportion between grant and expenditure incurred.

28. A Normal School has been started by the Government in September, 1881, beginning with 10 students, with a view to supply trained native Masters for the schools of the Colony. It is too soon to speak of results. The ten students were examined by me at the end of the year, and the result was very satisfactory, but as it tested only three months' work, it is needless to state details here. I append, however, a brief report by the Principal (Appendix).

29. I enclose also the usual Tables, I-XVI, containing the Educational Statistics for 1881.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

The Hon. F. STEWART, LL.D.,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

E. J. EITEL, Inspector of Schools.

TABLE 1-NEMBER of SCHOLARS attending Schools subject to Government Supervision during 1881.

No.

Name of School.

Central School.

Native Native Grant-in Schools Schools (Government). (Aided). | Schools.

Aid TOTALS

ΤΟΤΑΣΕ

Aberdeen,

2 Aplichau,

Basel Mission Boarding School (Girls),

525

Day School,

5 Baxter Vernacular D'Aguilar Street School (Girls),

High Street School (Girls),

Hollywood Road School (Girls), Saiyingp'un School (Girls),

Berlin Foundling House School (Girls),

10 Catholic Mission Bridges' Street Poor School Portuguese,

};

Cathedral School,

St. Francis' Portuguese School (Girls),

English

St. Joseph's College Anglo-Chinese School,

Portuguese

17 Church Missionary Society St. Stephen's School,

Central School,.

Diocesan Home School,... Girls’ School Shéung-wán, Graham Street School,

26 Háwán,

Baxter Memorial School (Girls), Saiyingp'ún School,................. Sheungwan School,

(Girls),

441

68.

401

24.

...

24-

(Girls),...

36%

41.

#41

240

2404

.140.

1401

54.04

$66

50%

562

Hoktsúi,

28 | Hokün,

29 Little Hongkong,

London Missionary Society Hollywood Road School,

Staunton Street School No. 1 (Girls),

وو

Taipingshan School (Mixed),

Wántsái School,-

(Girls),

Yaumáti

136

No. 2

119

37 Mát auch'ung,

Mátants'ün,

39 Mongkok,

40 Pokfulam,

41 Saiyingp'ún, (English),.

(Hakká),

(Girls),

50 | Shénngwán,

Sháiwán,

46 Shamshuipò,

47 Shaukiwán (Anglo-Chinese),

48 Shekò,

49 Shekt'ongtsúi,.

Stanley (English and Chinese),

St. Paul's College, Hongkong Public School,

Mission School D'Aguilar Street,

Lyndhurst Terrace,

(Girls),

56 Táikoktsúi,

57 Táit ámtuk,.

111

124

47.

58 Taiwongkung,

59 Tanglungchau (Hakká),

61.

(Puntí),

(Mixed),

62 Tokwawán (Hakkú),

(Hoklo),

Ts'attzemúi,

65 Tunglowán,

66 Victoria School,

(Girls),.

68 Wántsái (English),

(Chinese),

70 Wongkoktsúi,.

Wongnaich'ung (English and Chinese), 72 Yaumáti (English and Chinese),

114

114.

562

963

461

2,386

4,372

CITY AND HARBOUR OF VICTORIA.

..106,393

CHILDREN IN SCHOOLS UNDER GOVERNMENT INSPECTION, IN THE CITY OF VICTORIA.

TABLE H.-PROPORTION of SCHOLARS to POPULATION in the CITY OF VICTORIA and in the VILLAGES in 1881.

Population as per Census of 1881,

VILLAGES.

Population, including Boat population, as per Census of 1881, 45,595 CHILDREN IN SCHOOLS UNDER GOVERNMENT

INSPECTION, IN VILLAGES.

以

1. Basel Mission (Girls),.

No. of Scholars.

1. Aberdeen,

JĮ

10.

11.

12.

13.

14,

3. Baxter School, D'Aguilar Street,

High Street, Hollywood Road, Saiyingp'ún,

7. Berlin Foundling House,.

8. Catholic Mission, Bridges Street,

(Girls),

Cathedral School,

St. Francis (Portuguese),

(English).

2. Aplichau,

3. Hoktsúi,

4. Hokün,

5. Little Hongkong,

6. London Mission, Yaumáti,

7. Mát'auch'ung,

8. Mát‘auts'ün,

9. Mongkok,

10. Pokfulam,

11. Sháiwán,.

St. Joseph's College (Chinese),

12. Shamshuipò,.

41.

13. Shankiwán,

(Portuguese), ....240

14. Shekò,

15. Church Missionary Society, St. Stephen's,.....

.140

15. Shekt'ongtsui,

16.

17.

18.

Baxter Memorial,

16. Stanley,.

ار

Saiyingp'ún.....

17. Táikoktsui,

Shénngwán,

19. Central School,

20. Diocesan Home and Orphanage,

21. Girls School, Sheungwán,

22. Graham Street,

23. Graham Street (Girls),..

24. Háwán,

18. Táitámtuk,

.562

19. T'ỏkwáwán (Hákká),

20. Tòkwáwán (Hokld),

21. Ts'attszemúi,

22. T'unglowán,

23. Wongkoktsúi,...

25. London Mission, Hollywood Road,

24. Wongnaich'ung,

.136

25. Yaumáti,..

No. of Scholars.

26.

Staunton Street, No. 1.

27.

No. 2..

28.

T'aip'inshán,

29.

Wantsai,

.119

30.

(Girls),

37.

38.

39.

31. Saiyingp'un (English),...

32. Sairingp'un (Hakká),

33. Saiyingp'ún (Girls),

34. Saiyingp'ún,

35. Sheungwán,

36. St. Paul College, Public School,..

Mission, D'Aguilar Street,

Total of Scholars, under Government Inspection,...769 Children in Schools, not under Government In-

spection, as per Census, say..

Total of Scholars in the Villages,..

.738

.1,507—3.30.

per cent.

111

Lyndhurst Terrace,

.124

(Girls),

40. Táiwongkung,

41. Tanglungchau (Hakka), 42. Tangluugchau (Punti), 43. Tanglungchau (Mixed),

44. Victoria School,

45. Victoria School (Girls),

46. Wántsai (English),.

47. Wántsai (Chinese),

.114

Total of Scholars under Government Inspection,...3,603 Children in Schools not under Government In-

spection, as per Census, say....

Total of Scholars in the City of Victoria,........

.1,477

·5,080=4.87.

per cent.

TABLE III-NUMBER of SCHOLARS at the Government Schools during 1881, and Expense of each School.

No.

Aberdeen,

2 Aplichau,

Central School,

4 Girls' School, Shéungwán,

Háwán, B

Hoktsúi,

Hokün,

8 Little Hongkong, *.

:9. Mátanchung.

Mát'auts'ün,

11 Mongkok,

Saiyingp'ún (English),.

Pokfulam,......

14 Saiyingp'ún (Hakká), &

Sháiwán,

16 Shamshuipó,

17 | Shankiwán,

18❘ Shekò,

......

Shekt'ongtsui,

20 | Shéungwan,

Stanley (Anglo-Chinese), Táikoktsui,

23 Táit'ámtuk,

24Taiwongkong,

Tanglungchau (Hakká),,

26 Tanglungchan (Punti)

Tökwáwán (Hakká),

28 | "T'òkwáwán (Hoklö),

Ts'attszemái,

Tunglowán,

31 Wantsai (English),

32 Wantsai (Chinese),

33 Wongkoktsúi,

#35

Wongnaich'ung, Yaumáti,

Name of Schooll.

NJ.

100.42

444

Boys.

Girls.

Total.

Expense.

$76.00

120.00

562

10,550.15

€40.00

349.00

60.00

...

60.00

•

60.00

72.00

325.84

$121.20

60.00

267.20

120.00

325.40

808.40

...

326.60

60.00

.11

72.00.

LOG

......

300.00

120.00

203.60

***

60.00

•

60.00

60.00.

60.00

•

266.90

114

200.00

...

72.00

31.

272.80

370,22

1,866

120

1,986

16,258.31

......

No.

TABLE IV.—AVERAGE EXPENSE of each SCHOLAR at the Government Schools during 1881.

Expenditure,

CENTRAL SCHOOL.

VILLAGE SCHOOLS.

.$10,550.15.......

Expenditure,

$5,708.16

Add Inspector's Salary,

وو

Travelling Expenses,

$2,400 288

Chinese Teacher's Salary,

2,868.00

$8,576.16o.

Total Expenditure for the year :—

Central School,

Outside Schools,

$10,550.15 8,576.16

$19,126.31

Average Expenscs calculated by the Enrolment.

1. Average Expense of each Scholar at Government Schools,

123

at Government Central School, at Outside Schools,

Average Expenses calculated by the Average Daily Attendance.

1. Average Expense of each Scholar at Government Schools,

mi ci s

at Government Central School,

at Outside Schools,

..$ 4.56

18.77

2.62

$10.33%

27.35

4.14

TABLE V.-ÅVERAGE MONTHLY ENROLMENT and DAILY ATTENDANCE at the Government Schools for 1881.

Name of School.

Enrolment.

Average Monthly Average Daily

Attendance.

Aberdeen,

27.00

24.06

2 Aplíchau,

32.63

23.03

Girls' School, Shéungwán,

50.55

44.10

Central School,

413.63

385.72

Hawán,

33.45

28.37

Hoktsúi,

10.73

10.11

Hokün,

20.64

17.70

Little Hongkong,

10.45

10.01

Mát auch'ung,

14.18

12.48

Mát‘auts'ün,

31.18

25.60

Mongkok,..

16.36

14.31

Pokfúlam,

7.63

6.86

Saivingp'ún (English),

52.63

49.47

Saiyingpún (Hákká),

45.27

41.00

Shaiwán,

11.82

8.09

Shamshuipò,

22.82

19.96

Shaukiwán,

28.64

25.55

Shekò,

16.27

12.27

19 Shekt'ongtsui,

35.35

26.90

Sheungwn,

44.00

38.88

Stanley (Anglo-Chinese),

25.73

23.11

Táikoktsúi,

23.30

19.37

23 Tait'ámtuk,

8.90

6.88

Táiwongkung,

32.64

29.28

25 Tunglungchau (Hákká),.

41.27

36.51

Tanglungchau (Puntí),

26.18

18.06

27 Tòkwáwán, (Hákká),

24.27

21.24

T'òkwáwán (Hoklò),

21.09

19.43

Ts'attszemúi,

13.64

12.83

T'unglowán,

19.55

14.90

Wántsai (English),

73.81

66.39

Wántsai (Chinese),

Wongkoktsui,

Wongnaich'ung,

74.00

63.91

18.90

16.51

28.64

25.00

Yaumáti,

14.72

12.58

1,371.87

1,210.49

TABLE VI.-MAXIMUM and MINIMUM ENROLMENT and DAILY ATTENDANCE at the Government Schools during 1881.

No.

Name of School,

Maximum Monthly Enrolment.

Minimum Monthly Eurolment.

Maximum Daily Attendance.

Minimum Daily Attendance.

(Monthly Average.) (Mouthly Average.)

1 2 3

Aberdeen,

29.85

13.08

Aplíchau,

31.75

13.78

Central School,.

451

366

419.07

334.63

Girls’ School, Shéungwái,

50.85

41.00

Hawán,.

31.63

25.73

Hoktsúi,

11'

10.70

8.50

Hokün,

20.77

5.77

Little Hongkong,

11.00

9.04

Mát'auch'ung,..

13.52

10.85

Mát auts'ün,

29.00

16.43

.11

Mongkok,

18.75

9.05

Pokfúlam,

8.00

5.74

Saiyingp'ún (English),

57.74

39.74

Saiyingp'ún (Hákká),

46.67

33.00

15 Shaiwán,

10.35

5.92

16 Shamshuipó,

23.58

17.44

Shaukiwán,

32.75

15.78

Shekò,

15.40

9.38.

Shekt'ongtsui,

32.19

21.62

20 | Shéungwán,

42.35

31.04

Stanley (Anglo Chinese),

27.40

18.19

Táikoktsui,

27.15

8.20

Táit'ámtuk,

7.84

4.59

24 Taiwongkung,

33.12

25.74

25 Tangluugchau (Hákká),

47.74

27.22

26 Tanglungchau (Puntí),

28.12

10.04

Tòkwáwán (Hákká),..

25.33

13.23

Tòkwáwán (Hoklò),

20.89

11.22

Ts'attzemúi,

14.37

9.00

T'unglowán,

22.27

13.00

Wántsai (English),

73.65

48.85

Wántsai (Chinese),

68.69

56.74

Wongkokisúi,

19.40

12.65

Wongnaich'ung,

28.08

21.79

Yaumáti,

16.11

8.80

1,558

1,103

1,396.08

956.78

TABLE VII.-NUMBER of DAYS on which the Government Schools were taught during 1881.

School Days. No.

No.

Name of School.

School Boys.

1 Aberdeen,.

218

Shekt'ongtsui,

250

Aplíchau,

257

20 | Shéungwán,

249

Central School,

247

Stanley (Anglo Chinese)..

249

Girls' School, Shéungwán,.

247

Táikoktsúi,

229*

Hawán,....

- 252

Táit'ámtuk,

249

Hoktsúi,.

256

Taiwongkung,

252

7. Hokün,

9 Mát auch'ung,

257

Tanglungchau (Hákká),.

249

Little Hongkong,

256

Tanglungchau (Punti),.

250

254

Tòkwáwán (Hákká),

250

Mát'auts'ün,

257

Tokwáwán (Hoklu),

254

11 Mongkok,.

12 Pokfúlam,.

254

Ts'attszemúi,

253

........

257

Tunglowán,.

244

13 Saiyingp'ún (English),

248

Wántsai (English),

248

14 Saiyingp'ún (Hákká),

15 Sháiwán,

16 Shamshuipò,

246

Wántsai (Chinese),

245

255

Wongkoktsúi,

254

256

Wongnaich'ung,

247

Shaukiwán,

255

Yaumáti,

234

18 Shekò,

218

Total Enrolment for the Year.

TABLE VIII-SUMMARY of ENROLMENT and ATTENDANCE at the GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS for the last in

Minuman Daily

Attendance. ¿ (Monthly Average.)

Maximum Daily Attendance.

(Monthly Average.)

Minimum Monthly Enrolment.

1862,

733

621

505

299

1863,

535

469

414

301

1864,

502

417

634

324

1865,

597

535

418

330

1866,

623

572

435

337

1867,

700

610

533

4.08

1868,

916

664

572

460

1869,

942

748

627

504

1870,

1,302

950

683

556

1871,

1,292

937

741

571

1872,

1,480

1,157

837

1873,

1,838

-1,326

6655..

852

760

1874,

1,931

1,271

974

836

1875,

1,927

1,312

- 988

863.

1876,

2,171

1,383

1,057

925

1877,

2,148

1,446

1,212

1,035 11

1878,

2,101

1,324

1,100

936

1879,

2,043

1.356

-1,027

904

1880,

2,078

1,468

1,082

937

1881,

1,986

1,384

1,093

956

January, February, March,

April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

Septembe,

October,..

November,..

December,

TABLE IX.-ENROLMENT and ATTENDENCE at the Central School during 1881.

Month.

Number of Scholars.

Number of Attendance.

Number of School Days.

Average Daily Attendance.

366

7,362

334.63

441

11,018

408.07

451

7,135

419.07

441

10,241

409.64

425

9,871

394.84

413

9,967

383.35

391

1,160

386.06

409

9,908

381.08

416

10,070

387.03

400

9,637

370.65

397

8,744

364.03

95,113

247

Total Number of ATTENDANCES during 1881;

Number of SCHOOL DAYS during 1881,.........

Average DAILY ATTENDANCE during 1881,.

95.113

247

.385.072

562

Total Number of SCHOLARS at this School during 1881,

TABLE X.-GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS (the CENTRAL SCHOOL excepted) arranged in the order of their efficiency in 1881.

· Rank I.

Wántsai (English School). Saiyingp'ún (English School). Shéungwán (Chinese School). Wántsai (Chinese School). Tanglungchau (Hákká). Girls' School, Shéungwán.

Rank II.

Wongnaich'ung (Anglo Chinese School).

Yaumáti (Anglo Chinese School).

Táiwongkung.

Saiyingp'ún (Hákká).

Rank II,—Continued.

Tanglungchau (Punti).

Háwán.

Rank III.

Shinukiwán (Anglo Chinese School). Stanley (Anglo Chinese School). Mát ́auts'ün.

Hoktsúi.

Mát'auch'ung.

Aberdeen.

Tòkwáwán (Hokld).

Tòkwawan (Hákká). T'unglowán.

Rank III,--Continued.

Ts'attszemúi.

Wongkoktsúi.

Shekò.

Hokün.

Shekt'ongtsui.

Táit'ámtuk.

Pokfúlam.

Mongkok.

Shaiwán.

Shamshuipò.

Táikoktsui. Aplíchau.

Little Hongkong.

Class of School.

TABLE XI-NUMBER of SCHOLARS attending SCHOOLS receiving GRANTS-IN-AID (under the Provisions of the Scheme of 1880), and Amount gained by each in 1881.

Name of School.

Roys,

Girls.

Total.

Amount of Grant.

ལ

Baxter Vernacular Saiyingpún School (Girls),

D'Aguilar Street School (Girls), Hollywood Road School (Girls), High Street School (Girls),

C. M. S. St. Stephen's School,

}

IV.

Baxter Memorial School (Girls), Saiyingpún School,

Shdungwán School,

L. M. S. Hollywood Road School,.

Wantsai School,

Taipingshan School (Mixed), Wántsai School (Girls),

......

Staunton Street School, No. 1 (Girls),

Yaumáti School (Boys),

No. 2 (Mixed),

St. Paul's College Mission D'Aguilar Street School, .

Lyndhurst Terrace School,

Basel Mission Boarding School (Girls),

Day School,...

Berlin Foundling House School (Girls), Diocesan Home School (Mixed),

(Girls),

Catholic Mission St. Joseph's College Anglo-Chinese School,..

193.49

158.47

...

211.59

349.09

140

349.28

286.10

264.79

196.85

136

468.36

119

421,48

274.56

Anglo-Portuguese School, St. Francis' Portuguese School (Girls),

English School (Girls),..... Bridges Street Poor School, Portuguese,

(Girls),

::;:;:ཝཾཝཤྩ :;:;

239,56

234.66

142.13

338,41

111

447.56

124

...

124

393.24

224.59

469.96

112.05

375,49

301.52

301.41

240

...

240

1,329,05

151,50,

82.00

...

Cathedral School,

St. Paul's College, Hongkong Public School, Victoria School,

(Girls),...

Tanglungcháu School (Mixed),

Graham Street School,

(Girls),.....

Saiyingpun School' (Girls),

69.00

106.00

190.00

136,00

€7

321.67

250.40.

...

254.47

***

314.45

156.73

99.41

257.83

1,498

739

2,237

10,473.15

TABLE XI-ENROLMENT, ATTENDANCE and NUMBER of SCHOOL DAYS at the GRANTS-IN-AID SCHOOLS during 1881.

No.

Name of School..

Maxi- Mini-

mum

ment.

Attend- Attend-

ance.

Average Average

Average Maxi- Mini- Average Daily Number Monthly Monthly

Monthly Attend- of Enrol- Enrol- Daily Daily Enrol-

ment.

ance for the

School

Days.

ance.

Year.

Baxter Vernacular Saiyingpún School (Girls),

28.15

18.54

26.08

24.99:

271.

D'Aguilar Street School (Girls), Hollywood Road school (Girls),

24.48

16.46

23.00

20.47

271

30.64

25.15

31.00

27.59.

264!

High Street School (Girls),

56.32

20.00

52.66

49.09.

268.

C. M. S. St. Stephen's School,

LIO.

99.15

54.41

82.05

74.28.

266

Baxter Memorial School (Girls),

40.12

21.06

38.25

36.06.

271.

Saiyingpan School,

68.14

34.37 55.75

51.79

264

Shéungwan School,

L. M. S. Hollywood Road School,...

Wantsai School,

T'aip'ingshan School (Mixed), Wantsai School (Girls),

Staunton Street School, No. 1 (Girls),................

42.29 19.29 35.16

32.85

276

107

99.66 52.57 86.05 81.36

260

85.96 37.84 75.03

73.51

270

42.77 21.15

47.72

42.72 23.00 40.91

37.56

267

38.06

265.

No. 2 (Mixed);

Yaumáti School,

35.29 29.04 32.17 31.66

255.

33*

St. Paul's College Mission D'Aguilar Street School,

Lyndhurst Terrace School,...

27.04

15.31 73.19 37.30 78.46

39 85.54

Basel Mission Boarding School (Girls),

(Girls),

25.08 23.63 65,75 50.03 73.92 37.06 73.83 71.24 38.30 17.38 37.00

257

64.41

275

71.56

264.

263

33.59

263.

4:5

58.08

Day School,

(Girls),

21 Berling Foundling House School (Girls),

Diocesan Home School,

Catholic Mission St. Joseph's College Anglo-Chinese School,.

Anglo-Portuguese School, St. Francis' Portuguese School (Girls),

English School (Girls), Bridges Street Poor School, Portuguese,

Cathedral School,

St. Paul's College, Hongkong Public School,. Victoria School,

Tanglungchau School (Mixed),

Graham Street School,

-36 Bairingpan" School (Girls),

87,00 49.05. 24.21 18.38 24.59 40.00 35.72 38.16 37.49

47.96

262

22.05

255.

259

41.76

28.94 39.83 37.52

265.

41.00

210

193

197.27

37.72 40.00 39.41 183.17 202.19

203

191,05

203

41.00 35.00 36.10 20.00

204

12.00 10.00

13.10 20.00

204

22.00

(Girls),

32.00

19.00 30.00 33.80 20.00

22.50 20.00

210

36.00

30.00 31.60 30.00

263

20.95

15.27 20.82 18.00

250.

39.92 27.91

28.73 22.12

39.08 35.67 27.75 25.04 80 40.12 25.62 38.82 33.97 77.77 31.54 69.27 63.45

263

2521

269

258

88.15

16.80

45.35

6.46 82.73 29.23 1115 18.18 13.91 28.31 46,55

264

274

99.83

272

TABLE XIII-RESULTS OF THE EXAMINATION OF THE GRANT-IN-AID SCHOOLS IN 1881.

NAME OF SCHOOL.

Class of School.

No. of Scholars Pre-

sented.

| No. of Scholars Exam-

ined.

Standard I.

Standard II.

Number of Scholars who Passed.

Number of Scholars who Failed.

Standard III.

Standard IV,

Standard V.

Standard VL

Standard I.

Standard II.

Standard III.

Standard IV.

Standard V.

Standard VI.

Total Tassed.

Total Failed.

ance during School Year.

Average Daily Attend-

Standard I.

Sums to which the School is entitled.

Grant-in-Aid.

1.-Baxter Vernacular Saiyingp'ún School (Girls), 2.-Baxter Vernacular D'Aguilar St. School(Giris), 3.-Baxter Vernacular Hollywood Road School | (Girls),

24.99

20.47

27.59

** 29

Ke Standard II.

བཊ འ ོ

Standard III.

2 50 | Standard IV.

Standard V.

Standad VI.

Good.

Very

Good.

Fair.

Needle Work.

Capitation Grant,

To Teacher.

To Manager.

Total Grap!.

Jar (4)

4.-Baxter Vernacular High Street School (Girls),|

3 49.09 60

132

5.-C. M. S. St. Stephen's School (Boys),

74.28 125

102

: :

6.-C. M. S. Baxter Memorial School (Girls),--

36.60 95

7.-C. M. S. Saiyingp'ún School (Boys),.

51.79 90

8.-C. M. S. Sheung-wán School (Boys),

32.85

81.36 90

133

9.-L. M. S. Hollywood Road School (Boys),.

10.—L, ‚M 9. Wántsai School (Boys),

73.51 70

180

11.-L. M. S. T'áip'ingshan School (Mixed),

87.50 55

:::

12.-L. M. S. Wántsai School (Girls), .

12.-L. M. S. Staunton Street School No. 1 (Girls,).

දප ස

38.00 30 42

31.66 40

23.03

: 9:

•

14.-L. M. S. Staunton Street School No. 2 (Mixed),|

15.-L. M. S. Yaumáti School (Boys),..

ទ

64.41 45 150

16.-St. Paul's College Mission D'Aguilar Street School, (Boys),

71.56 110

114

27 10

:::

22 16.50

17.-St. Paul's College Mission Lyndhurst Terrace School, (Boys),.

71.24

115

126

-18.-St. Paul's College Mission Lyndhurst Terrace School (Girls),

19.-- Basel Mission Boarding School (Girls),

20.-Basel Mission Day School (Boys),.

21.-Berlin Foundling House School (Girls),.

22.-Diocesan Home School,

23.—Catholic Mission St. Joseph's College Anglo-

Chinese School (Boys),..

24.-Catholic Mission St. Joseph's College Anglo-

Portuguese School (Boys),

25.-Catholic Mission St Francis' Portuguese School (Girls),.

26.-Catholic Mission St. Francis' English School

(Girls),

27.-Catholic Mission Bridge's Street Poor School,

Portuguese (Boys),

28--Catholic Mission Bridge's Street Poor School, Portuguese (Girls),

- EEE 2 2 2 2 2

33.59 110

III 43

47.96 36

22.05 51

87.49

37.62

39.41

22 3237

7.60

21.59

46.37

145.12

6.00

20.47 39.61

9.00

27.60

27.00

49.09

74.28

82.89

87.27 261.82

87.32 261.96

118.86

178.70

178 17

* VIZDA

219.00

319.28

38.

18.50

9.00

81.30

73.01

37.50 68.04

40 13.50

38.06

56.60 71.02

£1.79 66.19

$2.85 49.21

117.00 3/1.27 105.87 316.11 1421.34 205.92 274.56

19.89 179.07

214.58

286.10

1.097.02

158.60

261.79

147.64

196.85

468.36

230.56 > 2,119.02

3.00

31.68

55.66

176.00

234.66

23.63

35.53

106.60

142.13

64.41

81.69

253.81

338.41

71.56 111.89 335.67 447.56

71.21

98.31

291.93

303.21 1,065.39

136

111

109

20 15

191,05

20.00

20.00 12

232

180

: @*. -

32 21.00

33.59 56.14

: 2

66 9.00

9.00

↓

204

338

191.05

4.30

3.00

20.00

61.50

20.50

20.00

15.50

168.45 224.50

47.90 117.49 352.47 $69.96

22.05 28.01 112.05

84.04 97.49 93.87 281.62 37.52 75.38 228.14

39.41 75.35

332.26

20.00 37.97 113.63 151.50

82.00

62.00

592.01

375.49

801.52

301.5%

228.06

801.41

996.79

1,320.05

2,221.96

46.50

20.00

30.00

€5

3.00

•

: 8:

20.00

26.50 79.50

108.00

80.00 47.00 142.50

190.00

$9-Catholic Mission Cathedral School (Boys),

30 28 13

(24+8)

18.00

12 40 40

18.00

81.00

102.00

186.00

188,00

80,--St. Paul'a College H'kong Public School (Boys).

IV 14

81-Victoria School (Boys),.

82-Victoria School (Girls),..

៩. ពព

35.67 18

48 50

35.67

80.41 241.36

821.67

$72.07

25.40

22 0.00

25.40

62.60 187.80

250.40

39.97

7.50

89.97

83.61 190.86

254.47

33.-Tang Lung Chan School (Mixed),;

63.45 155

63.45

78.61 235.84

314.45

84.-Graham Street School (Boys),

29.23 65

12 7.50

29.23

89.18 117.55

85.-Graham Street School (Girls), '

13.01 45

7.50

38.Saiyingp'un School (Girls), *.

39.83 100

13.91 24.85 74.56 39.83 64.45 193.38

156.78

99.41

257.83

1,082.80

87.-Salyingp'un School (Boys),*

Native Schools not under European supervision.

† Two passed in Algebra (Special Subject ),-

↑ The total grant was $443.51, but was reduced 5 per cent. under Rule No. 3.

GRAND TOTAL,

10,408.01

TABLE XVI--NUMBER of UNEDUCATED CHILDREN in the Colony in 1881. Number of Children in the Colony under sixteen years of age, as per Census (of 1881):--

Chinese Male,...

Chinese Female,

.10,629

9,940

Total Chinese,.. Europeans, etc. say,

..20,569

1,000

Goa, Manila, etc. say,

300

21,869

Deduct, Children in School in 1881, as per Census,

6,587

Deduct, as being under five years of age, say,

5,467

Total to be deducted,

12,054

Total of Uneducated Children, say,

9,815

E. J. EITEL,

Inspector of Schools:

APPENDIX.

GOVERNMENT NORMAL SCHOOL.,

March 3rd, 1882.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward you the report of the Government Normal School for the year 1881. This School was started in the month of September last, the first few days of which were spent in getting pupils together, preparing books, materials, &c. On the 12th September, the School was formally opened, when twelve youths

attended on trial.

Out of this number, seven are still Students. The other five withdrew for various causes; some not being far enough advanced, and the parents of others not wishing them to attend.

To fill up the three vacancies which then remained to make the full complement of Students, viz. ten, five other youths were admitted. Two of these Students were not suitable and consequently withdrew, the other three remained.

To bring the Students under closer scrutiny and supervision, also to enable them to assist one another in their studies, and thus make quicker progress, by studying, out of school hours, together in one school-room, undisturbed by any noise they would probably be subject to at home, they were allowed to take up their residence at the School, where they can conveniently study at their own desks, having all their books and other requisites at hand.

In December, after three months of probation, the ten Students were examined by the Inspector of Schools and passed satisfactorily.

Of these ten Students, nine were formerly pupils at the Government Central School. The other one was a pupil of the Government Elementary School at Saiyingp'ún.

As a proof that the School is looked upon favourably both by the students and their parents or guardians, I may mention that three of the ten Students had already left school and were earning a competency for themselves. One of them had passed the examination for a Sergeant interpreter in the Police department on a salary of twenty dollars ($20) a month. Another was a clerk in H. M. Naval Yard at a salary of fifteen dollars ($15) a month, and the other was cashier and clerk in a

store.

The school premises at present used for the Normal School are very suitable, as they are situated in a quiet spot out of the city; the school-rooms are large and healthy, and the number of boys, who attend the Elementary Day School to which the Normal School is attached, form an ample quantity of material for the Students to practice on, under my supervision.

If the Government could see its way to build quarters for the Principal over the present school-rooms, a great advantage would be gained, as then the private studies of the Students, both in the morning and evening, could be better supervised by the Principal.

Now that the Students have settled down to their work, I trust that the desire of the Government to obtain trained native teachers for the Elementary Schools will be accomplished, though it must be borne in mind that for the first period, at least, a great many drawbacks must necessarily be expected and encountered.

I have the honour to be,

Dr. E. J. EITEL,

Inspector of Schools.

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

A. J. MAY,

(Principal.)

དུས ག ་

TABLE XVI.-NUMBER of UNEDUCATED CHILDREN in the Colony in 1881 Number of Children in the Colony under sixteen years of age, as per Census (of 1881);

Chinese Male,

Chinese Female,

..10,629

9,940

Total Chinese,..

.20,569 17

Europeans, etc. say,

1,000

Goa, Manila, etc. say,

300

21,869

Deduct, Children in School in 1881, as per Census,.. Deduct, as being under five years of age, say,

6,587

5,467

Total to be deducted,

12,054

Total of Uneducated Children, say,

9,815

E. J. EITEL,

Inspector of Schools.

APPENDIX.

GOVERNMENT NORMAL SCHOOL,

March 3rd, 1882.

SIR, I have the honour to forward you the report of the Government Normal School for the

year 1881. This School was started in the month of September last, the first few days of which were spent in getting pupils together, preparing books, materials, &c. On the 12th September, the School was formally opened, when twelve youths attended on trial.

Out of this number, seven are still Students. The other five withdrew for various causes; some not being far enough advanced, and the parents of others not wishing them to attend. ···

In December, after three months of probation, the ten Students were examined by the Inspector of Schools and passed satisfactorily.

Of these ten Sindents, nine were formerly pupils at the Government Central School. The other one was a pupil of -the Government Elementary School at Saiyingp'ún.

As a proof that the School is looked upon favourably both by the students and their parents or guardians, I may mention that three of the ten Students had already left school and were earning a competency for themselves. One of them had passed. the examination for a Sergeant interpreter in the Police department on a salary of twenty dollars ($20) a month. Another was a clerk in H. M. Naval Yard at a salary of fifteen dollars ($15) a month, and the other was cashier and clerk in a

store.

I have the honour to be,

Dr. E. J. EITEL,

Inspector of Schools, -

Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

A. J. MAY,

(Principal.)

RETURNS of BIRTHS and DEATHS for the Year 1881, ending 31st December.

DISTRICTS.

BRITISH AND FOREIGN COMMUNITY. (including every Nationality, except Chinese.)

CHINESE.

DEATHS. BRITISH & FOREIGN COMMUNITY,

BIRTHS.

DEATHS.

BIRTHS.

DEATHS.

British and other

Nationalities

Boys.

Girls. Males. Females. Boys.

Girls.

Males. Females.

other than those

Victoria,

specified,

88.

135

041

490

1,527

1,633

Kaulung,.

Portuguese,

135

Shaukiwán,

Indians, &c.,

Aberdeen,

Non-Residents,.. 66

Stanley,.

177

TOTAL,..

135

708

565

1,836

1,849

GRAND TOTAL,

ANNUAL DEATH-RATE, PER 1,000.

1877.

1878.

1879. 1880.

1881.

Whole Population,.

26.81

29.60 32.14 28.71

24.07

Deaths,..3,862

Births, ..1,518 | British & Foreign Community, Do. deducting non-Residents,

18.04

18.73 18.15

16.71

18.22

13.78

14.00

14.16

15.95

13.44

Chinese,

27.41

30.35

33.11

29.54

24.45

Registrar General's Office, Hongkong, 6th February, 1882.

JOHN GERRARD,

Acting Registrar General.

UN DB011

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.--No. 103.

The following Letter from the Superintendent of Victoria Gaol, with the Returns annexed for the year 1881, is published for general information.

By His Excellency's Command,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 11th March, 1882.

No. 11.

W. M. DEANE, Acting Colonial Secretary.

GAOL OFFICE,

HONGKONG, 1st February, 1882.

SIR.--I have the honour to forward the following Returns for the year 1881, viz.:- 1. Gaols, Prisoners and Establishment to the 31st December, 1881.

2. Return showing the number of prisoners confined in Victoria Gaol on the last day of each week in the year 1881.

3. Return showing the classification of offences for which prisoners were confined in Victoria Gaol during the year 1881.

The Honourable M. S. TONNOCHY,

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

GEO. HAYWARD, Acting Superintendent.

Acting Colonial Secretary,

HONGKONG.

RETURN shewing the NUMBER of PRISONERS in VICTORIA GAOL on the last Day of each Week of the Year 1881.

WEEKLY, 1881.

EURO-

PEANS.

CHINESE OR COLOURED.

TOTAL.

WEEKLY, 1881.

EURO-

PEANS.

CHINESE OR COLOURED.

TOTAL.

Males.

Males. Females.

Males.

Males. Females.

January 2

542

625

July

612

675

551

635

630

690

58-

551

632

706

768

569

648

587

650

558

638

595

February

660

55.

567

646

August

589

655

563

€39

578

637

580

652

553

610

588

661

March

543

593

578

655

September 4

561

612

575

654

577

630

611

687

584

640

592

672

28 -

590

650

April

605

680

October

551

610

606

671

570

627

$38

572

638

615

683

567

632

571

647

May

564

625

583

657

..36

573

636

November 6

590

668

:40

585

654

༢་༢ ༢

559 *

632

603

670

553

634

599

-29

667

June

*.602

669

December ±

39.

608

675

633

702

616

681

ជួនព

599

673

593

681

606

706

624

731

610

712

GEO. HAYWARD,

Victoria Gaol Office, Hongkong, 1st February, 1882.

Aoting Superintendent.

EUROPEAN,

CLASS

RETURN showing the CLASSIFICATION of OFFENCES for which PRISONERS were committed to VICTORIA GAOL, from the respective Courts of the COLONY, during the Year 1881.

PRISONERS.

Males, ......

Females, ...

Murder,

Manslaughter.

Cutting and wounding, or Assault occasioning grevious

bodily harm.

Assault with intent to rob, or Robbery with violence.

Burglary, Attempted Burglary, Breaking, entering and stealing, and having

possession of house-breaking implements.

Larceny, Larceny from a house, from Person, from Ships

or Boats in Harbour or on the High Seas.

Obtaining goods or money by false pretences.

Unlawful possession, and Receiving stolen goods.

Child stealing, Kidnapping, Abduction of females, Forci-

ble detention, and Buying or Selling human beings.

Uttering counterfeit coin or notes.

Perjury, and Preferring a false charge, and Statement

in Contempt of Court.

Embezzlement.

: : :

***

Males, ..................

INDIAN,

Males, .... Females, ...

16 | 26

878

217

CHINESE.

Females, ..... .....

...

TOTAL,

Victoria Gaol Office, Hongkong, 1st February, 1882.

868

227

་་་

...

Conspiracy to defraud.

Piracy.

་་་

...

}

116

Committing or attempting to commit an unnatural offence.

Indecent Assault.

Common Assault, Assault with wounding. Fighting, Disorderly conduct, Drunkenness, Refusing to pay chair hire, Resisting Police, and Using abusive language, and Furious Driving.

Misconduct as a Private or Public Servant, Refusing duty, Negligence, Deser-

tion, Absent without leave, and Remaining behind from ships.

Breach of Military and Naval Discipline.

Breach of Conditional Pardon, and Returning from De-

portation.

Extortion and attempting to Extort.

Gambling, or Haunting Gambling-Houses, Rogue and Vagabond, Suspicious and dangerous characters. Vagrancy and Obtaining passages surreptitiously on board ships. Aiding and abetting in a misdemeanour.

Breach of Recognizance.

Unlawful hawking or Selling goods without Licence. Uttering cries, Without Passes or Lights, Obstruction, Nuisance, Damaging property, Firing crackers, Making bonfire, Defiling stream, Indecent exposure, Trespassing, Broach of Ord. for Harbour and Market Regulations, and Breach of Opium Ordinance.

Using Threats.

Breach of Brothel Ordinance.

Mendicancy.

Attempting to commit suicide. Bribery.

Carrying Deadly weapons.

Illegal pawning.

Administering Drugs.

On Remand, for Trial, and pending orders.

For Debt.

484

625

76.

901

696

440

❤

625

14 [3,643

158

640 234,150

GEO. HAYWARD,

Acting Superintendent,

295

TOTAL.

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION. —No. 249.

The following Annual Report of the Colonial Surgeon, with Returns annexed, for the Year 1881, is published for general information.

By Command,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 3rd June, 1882.

FREDERICK STEwart,

Acting Colonial Secretary.

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 9th May, 1882.

SIR,-I have the honour to forward my Annual Report for the year 1881, together with the Tables showing the work done in the different Establishments under my supervision. I also enclose a report furnished by the Acting Superintendent of the Government Civil Hospital, Dr. MURRAY, A.M.D., and a report from Mr. H. MCCALLUM concerning the analytical work done by him.

POLICE.

There is a decrease in the number of Police, admitted to Hospital this year, of 90 as compared with the number of admissions last year; the decrease is most noticeable in the European and Chinese portions of the Force; the admissions of the former were 126 in 1880, as compared with 89 in 1881, the admissions of the Chinese were 243 in 1880, as compared with 198 in 1881. The Indian portion of the Force shew also a slight decrease in the admissions to Hospital, being 224 in 1880, as compared with 214 in 1881.

The number of deaths in the Force was 10 this year, as compared with 13 in 1880; of the 10 deaths only three took place in Hospital.

The admissions from the Force and the number of deaths for the past nine years is shown below.

Admissions to Hospital.

Deaths.

1873.... 1874....

..477

.346

1875..

.436

1876..

..410

1877....

..418

1878.....

...566

1879..

..566

1880..

...588

1881..

.498

allanga

The number of sick is still high, and it is expected to continue so, as long as no improvement is made in the quarters provided for them, the Central Station, No. 3, 7 & 8 Stations and the Police Hulk being the most noteworthy for their crowded and unwhile some condition. Aberdeen Station has been better this year, there having been only 17 admissions to Hospital from this Station, as compared with 32 in 1880; this Station generally sends in fever cases of the worst type, but the improvements made seem to have had a good effect on the health of the men stationed there of late I find also that the Police are not provided with water-proof coats, so that they are often wet through day after day in the rainy season, another reason for so much sickness amongst them.

TROOPS.

Sickness among the troops seems to be still on the increase, the admissions to Hospital in 1881 being 1,116 as compared with 1,075 in 1880.

The number of admissions to Hospital and deaths for the last nine years are shewn below.

اما

1873..

1874..

1875...

1876....

1877

1878..

1879

1880....

1881...

Admissions to Hospital.

Deaths.

1,446

.1,067

716

563

973

944

.1,035

.1,075 1,116

I think that three things may have something to say for this increase, and those are the amount of undergrowth or jungle on the hill sides above the barracks on the south side of the Queen's Road, of which there seems to me far too much, and should, I think, be cleared away periodically; another is the fouling of the streams by the washermen, some of which are now little better than large open sewers; and as regards the barracks on the north side of the Queen's Road, the drainage surrounding them and opening into the sea on the Praya from which the most unbearable and unwholesome stenches proceed at low tide.

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL.

This Establishment still occupies both the old and the new Lock Hospitals. Though these buildings are far superior to those used in previous years for the purpose, they are by no means sufficient in accommodation or fitted for a purpose for which they were never designed. The plans sanctioned some four years ago by Sir MiCHAEL HICKS-BEACH for the new Government Civil- Hospital have not been carried out or anything been done towards it. Repairs and many things required have been put off time after time, the proposed plans for the new Establishment always being expected to be shortly proceeded with. As concerns the new Lock Hospital, instead of water closets earth closets were ordered without consulting the Medical Department, with a result that is both unpleasant and certainly prejudicial to the patients, there being no urinals either. It is not to be expected that a patient suffering and often in great pain should trouble himself about dry earth; it is impossible unless the staff already large is largely increased to keep men continually on the watch at these closets; the consequence is the dry earth system is so incompletely carried out as to become comparatively useless. to pick up, but use standing, and more often the drain trap of the bath room is used as a The pans provided as urinals the patients never trouble. urinal; the consequence is that the floors and walls of the closets are always polluted with urine and the whole place becomes disgustingly offensive notwithstanding the frequent use of disinfectants. To keep these closets in anything like order, there ought to be a man looking after each of them night and day, and this would necessitate a staff of sixteen men alone to work these closets only. I pointed them out to Mr. CHADWICK, the late Sanitary Commissioner sent from Home, and he entirely agreed with me that such contrivances were most unsuitable for a Hospital. Sir MICHAEL HICKS-BEACH in his dispatch gave special directions concerning the construction of the Hospital water closets and latrines, but none of these have as yet been carried out. I regret not being able to coincide with Surgeon- Major MURRAY, the Acting Superintendent, that the dry earth closets have acted even "fairly well." for the reasons I have given above as well as for those he gives himself.

There is another matter to which I wish to call attention and that is the number of severe injuries in the way of contusions, fractures, and wounds admitted to the Hospital of late years, many of which come from aboard ship and are the result of injuries received while in a state of drunkenness, from falla from the rigging or down hatchways, or in drunken brawls in which any weapon that comes handy the sailors sheath knife marlin spikes, &c., is used. The chief way liquor is obtained by seamen on

board is from the Chinese bumboats and others, this has been the cause of much trouble to the Cap- tains of, and medical men in attendance on the vessels, who have brought the matter to my notice. Could not something more be done to prevent this illicit sale of liquor in the harbour? which is always of the worst possible kind.

The admissions to Hospital this year have been more numerous and are as follows, compared with last year.

Police,...

Board of Trade,

Private paying Patients,

Government Servants, Police Cases, Destitutes,

1880.

1881.

588

498

117

....

132*

193

47*

101*

139

107*

222

1055

1236

This shews a startling increase in the number of destitutes, and of this class of patients the numbers have been increasing yearly. The Government servants are principally Gaol Officers whose quarters inside the. Gaol and outside are very unsatisfactory. Outside they are obliged to live in similar houses to the Chinese, all the small houses that formerly existed, suitable for Europeans, having been absorbed in the mania for building Chinese houses for the purpose of selling them. Consequently it is impossible for men of this class to obtain decent habitation for themselves and their families.

The total number of admissions to Hospital was 1236 a larger number than usual as shewn in the following summary of the last nine years.

Admissions.

.952

1873

1874

1875

1876

1877

1878

1879

1880 1881

829

1,010

1,000

950

1,289

1,071

1,055

1,236

The number of the deaths was slightly more than last year, being 49, but even so was much below the average, as the following figures indicate.

Year.

1873

1874

1875

....

1876

1877

1878

1879

1880 1881

Deaths.

44 49

In 1877 there were 49 deaths to 950 admissions, this year, with 1236 admissions, the deaths were only 49. The year 1878, in which the greatest number were admitted in all the nine years viz. 1289, the deaths were only 50. This shows that the type of disease admitted to the Hospital is for the most part of a very mild character.

Table V shews the characters of diseases admitted to Hospital. Fevers, Bowel and Chest com- plaints and Venereal disease are the chief causes of admissions. There has been this year a larger number of cases than usual, of wounds from various causes, principally contused and incised.

Table VI shews the Rate of Mortality in the Government Civil Hospital for the and the past year compares very favourably with the previous years.

past ten years

Table VII shews the admissions and deaths during each month of the year as usual, the summer months from June to October are credited with the largest number.

Table VIII shews the number of dead bodies brought to Hospital, there is a very large increase, the number being 144 as compared with 103 in 1880.

* These figures were by some mistake inaccurately given in the printed report for 1880 and are now corrected.

The paying patients exclusive of Police and seamen sent by the Harbour Master brought in $4,637.34 as compared with $3,441.93 in 1880. This class of patients have been yearly increasing.

This year since April, Surgeon BLENNERHASSETT and Surgeon Major MURRAY, A.M.D., have been Acting Superintendents during the absence on leave of the Superintendent. Surgeon Major MURRAY has prepared and sent in the usual report with his opinions on the working of the Establishment. I beg to call attention to his recommendation concerning the classing and pay of the Chinese Nurses in the Hospital, and I think, if it were carried out, it would be of great benefit to the working of this institution. As regards his remarks concerning the Quarters, Hospital space, &c., all these have been provided for in the proposed plans before mentioned as having been sanctioned by the Home Authorities, but how long it will be before they are carried out, I can form no idea, as the matter has now been under discussion more than thirteen years.

SMALL POX HOSPITAL.

Table IX shews the number of admissions and deaths during the year; there were seven admissions and three deaths, all in the first five months of the year. This Establishment is also under the Superintendent of the Government Civil Hospital. The admissions for the past nine years have been as follows:

Admissions.

Year.

-1873

•

1874

1875

1876

· 1877

1878

1879

1880

1881

The admissions from Small Pox only occur as a rule in the winter months; the past season from November 1881 to date no cases have been brought in.

VICTORIA GAOL.

This year there has been a greater number of prisoners admitted to Gaol than any year in the past nine, except 1873, as the following figures shew, but the daily average number of prisoners is far greater than in any of the previous years as the following figures also shew.

Total number of prisoners

admitted in Gaol.

Daily average number of prisoners.

1873 1874..

.4,656

388

.3,645

350.04

1875....

.4,023

374.06

1876......

..4,062

432.60

1877.....

.3,964

395.22

1878...

.3,803

519.22

1879..

.3,665

576.13

1880....

1881.....

3,530 ..4,150

575.25

666

Notwithstanding this increase in the daily average number of prisoners, the amount of sickness among them has been somewhat smaller, 297 only having been admitted to Hospital, as compared with 316 in 1880, but still the number is very high, being more than double what it used to be; in 1873 it was only 148. The accommodation for the sick is very limited and in 1873 was decidedly insufficient.

Of the 297 admitted to Hospital, 51 were admitted as soon as sent into the Gaol, as is shewn in Table XII, A.' . '

This is the only Public Establishment in which the dry earth system is of any service, and even here, owing to the nature of the building, it is very inefficiently carried out, for reasons that I gave in my last Annual Report, though every thing is done that can be done to make it of as much service as possible. The dry earth used, being only of decomposed granite, is very unsuitable for the purpose, is a very poor deodoriser and certainly has no disinfectant properties whatever. I was six years in charge of Gaols in India in which the dry earth system only was used, but the earth used was of the best possible kind, and the enormous space at command allowed it to be carried out with the greatest efficiency. I am quite aware of the value of the system in places for which it was designed; it has never been any where in force in crowded towns. In India or any where else, it is a very valuable

-system in its place, but in a crowded town, even if its use were possible, which it is not, it is of as much use as a bag of gold would be on a desert island. It is equally incompatible with efficiency in a three storied building composed of cells.

One Chinese prisoner only was flogged this year, and that was for an assault on the Superintendent with a crank handle with an iron chain wound round it.

There were only two deaths this year. One a European suffering from consumption died suddenly in his cell from hæmorrhage from the lungs; the other case was a Chinaman who came into Gaol in a half starved condition.

The complaints admitted to Hospital have been chiefly Bowel complaints, General Debility, Fevers, Abscess and Syphilis. The admissions to Hospital do not represent those that were under treatment; there are many old and debilitated prisoners who have been nothing more than beggars, whom it is impossible to get any work out of or to punish in any other way than by confinement and who are far better off in Gaol than they probably have been in all their lives before. I am afraid it is mostly so with the majority of the Chinese prisoners.

Table XII, B. gives a list of opium smokers consuming one mace and upwards daily, admitted to Gaol during the past year. In no case has any opium been allowed, and no treatment given unless they were suffering from some other complaint necessitating it; even then no opium was used in the treatment. The largest consumer was one who smoked 8 mace per diem. He weighed 86 lbs. on adinission and 89 lbs. at the end of a month, (the weights were always taken without clothes,) and this man received no other treatment than the regular diet. I have come to the conclusion that opium smoking is a luxury of a very harmless description, and that the only trouble arising from its indulgence is a waste of money that should be applied to necessaries. Eight mace is equivalent to an ounce and twenty nine grains, a quantity of opium sufficient to poison a hundred men, smoked by one man in a day, and this he has been doing for twenty years; that is to say he has consumed in smoke in that time about £1,000, and for this indulgence he has to deny himself and his family many absolute necessaries. The list contains 35 opium smokers, and the amount smoked between them daily was 841 mace or $7 worth of opium. The result of my observations this year is only to confirm all I said on the subject of opium smoking in my report for 1880.

There has been much sickness amongst the Gaol Officials and this will continue, I fear, as long as they have such unwholesome quarters, but it is not only in the Gaol that this is the case, as I have observed before; they are compelled to live with their families in the same unwholesome style of building as a Chinaman, the gambling in Chinese house property having caused all the small houses formerly occupied by Europeans to be swept away, and as a consequence no one, getting sixty dollars a month or under, even if a single man, can now afford to live anywhere in Hongkong other than in a -house built for Chinese, and this I consider is one of the great grievances resulting from the speculations in the past two years in land. Many of these houses remain unlet or only partially let, and numbers of them are occupied by Europeans who can get no other quarters. It is now becoming a difficulty for those Europeans who are well to do, to get houses except at the most exorbitant rents.

TEMPORARY LUNATIC ASYLUM.

This is still in the wretched dilapidated buildings that it has been for the last three years, and the lunatics have to be removed, in the event of any gale threatening, to the Police cells for safety as I described in my report for 1880.

Two of

This year there were ten admissions besides one remaining of those confined in 1880. these were not properly to be classed as lunatics but. were suffering from brain disease and were so noisy and violent that, there being no proper place for them in the Civil Hospital without causing disturbance and distress to other patients, they had to be removed here for treatment, and one other case was a violent patient suffering from Mania á Potu; all these were dismissed cured. One of the patients was a medical man who was afterwards sent to his own home by his friends.

But one remains now in the Asylum, a Malay, suffering from dementia.

Some were sent by their Consuls or the Government to their own country, or removed by friends. There were no deaths.

TUNG WA HOSPITAL.

The total number of patients admitted to this Chinese Hospital during this year was 1,292; of these 569 died. The number of qut patients treated was 79,845. The large mortality is owing chiefly to the great dislike, the Chinese have, to detention in Hospital except they are almost in the last extremity; 152 dead bodies were brought into the Hospital besides those above mentioned.

The number of cases admitted, suffering from Small Pox, was 11, of these 5 died, they were mostly infants.

The number of vaccinations performed in the City of Victoria and Villages of Hongkong was $1,722. The vaccinations are efficiently and carefully done.

TEMPORARY LOCK HOSPITAL.

This is still in the old school-house mentioned in my report for 1880. Part of the building has now become unsafe and cannot be used. Both the new and the old Lock Hospitals are being used as a temporary Government Civil Hospital.

The number of cases admitted to Hospital was 44; of these there were some bad cases of syphilis, their long detention, and the small number of admissions, has caused a rise in the average number of days detention to 21, the highest average reached in the nine years I have had to report upon.

There have been no prosecutions this year, and the sly brothels have become alarmingly numerous, both those used by Europeans and Chinese. The better class of the Chinese have many times spoken to me with disgust at the state of things, saying that they cannot trust their boys out. without servants being in charge of them, for fear they should be enticed into these houses. With the new orders that have lately been received from Home concerning the working of the Contagious: Diseases Ordinance, it must be expected that there will be a great increase of admissions to the Lock Hospital, and how they are to be provided for I really cannot say, the present accommodation being very small, and what there is unfit for any European cases.

The number that submitted voluntarily to examination was 181 and the number of examinations made 8,440. In 1873 the number that submitted voluntarily was 333 and the number of examina- tions was. 16,474 or nearly double the number. The number that submitted voluntarily in 1877 was 255 and the number of examinations made was 13,065, this was the year of the Commission of En- quiry into the working of this Ordinance. The difference in the numbers of the years 1873 and 18774 is to be accounted for by there being less demand, owing to the great decrease in the number of ships in Harbour. Sailing ships giving way to steamers and the latter being more rapid in their movements and not being detained so long in Harbour, there are not so many. seamen in Port and those that are have less leave owing to the short time they are in Port. The amount of disease among private patients of the different practioners in the Colony has increased to a great extent, and in my own practice I have not found a single case that could be attributed to a registered house.

The number of men, admitted to the Military Hospital suffering from venereal disease, was 136 as compared with 164 last year; of this number 3 cases were not contracted in Hongkong, but came from Portsmouth in the steamer Scotland.

The number of cases, admitted into the Naval Hospital was 245, as compared with 181 in 1880; of these 115 cases were not contracted in Hongkong.

The number of Police admissions to Hospital from this cause were 37 as compared with 47 in 1880; of this number 2 were not contracted in Hongkong.

The number of cases admitted into the Government Civil Hospital, was 96 as compared with 60 in 1880; 50 of these were not contracted in Hongkong.

་

From the causes mentioned in previous reports, it is difficult to estimate from these tables the amount of disease contracted here. The soldiers, when new arrivals, always get into trouble more than when they have been here some time and know their way about. The Police, who know their way about, suffer little. The Naval seamen it is hard to judge by, as they are continually moving about and many cases are treated on board ship and do not appear in these tables. The seamen admitted to the Civil Hospital do not give any fair estimate; many have left the Port before the disease has been discovered and many are treated on board by the Doctors of the vessels or those who practice in the Harbour. The number of women admitted to the Lock Hospital forms no criterion as there are, as I say, so many sly brothels. There is, so say the Chinese, hardly a street in the Chinese quarter of the town, in which there are not several of these houses, many streets in which there are a number of them.

The number of cases of Secondary Syphilis among the registered women admitted to Hospital

was 2..

The number of Naval seamen, suffering from Secondary Syphilis believed to have been contracted in Hongkong, was 5, the total number admitted to the Naval Hospital for this cause was 32.

The number of Soldiers who contracted the primary disease in Hongkong and suffered from Secondary Syphilis was 19. The number admitted to the Military Hospital from this cause was 21.

The number of Police admitted to Hospital for Secondary Syphilis was 2.

The number admitted to the Government Civil Hospital for Secondary Syphilis was 26; of which 4 only were contracted in Hongkong.

HEALTH OF THE COLONY AND SANITATION.

The census was taken last year and the number of Europeans was found to be 3,040 as compared with 2,767 for the previous four years 1877 to 1880 inclusive and 2,520 for the previous five years 1872 to 1876.

Fevers.

Fovers.

The number of deaths among Europeans was 64, and the percentage to the number of residents 2.10; in only two of the past ten years has it been as low as this.

The rain fall for last year was 98.21 inches and the number of days on which it rained was 141. The heaviest rain was in July and August, 44.39 inches was the fall during these two months, it being nearly equally divided between them; 14.25 inches fell in April. It is owing to the heavy falls that occur in the Spring after a long drought as is generally the case, that we owe our freedom from disease, as the heavy down-pour serves to flush the drains and subsoil, and quickly drive out the impurities that have collected during the dry months; if it were not for this and the rain-fall was less heavy and only sufficient to stir up the impurities collected without removing them, the amount of sickness would be much greater, as there are no means of flushing the drains or subsoil but this. The greater part of the Chinese houses in the Colony drain only into the subsoil. The only means to meet such a contingency are improved drainage and greater supply of water. was sent out from Home, as Sanitary Commissioner, to report on the state of things in this Colony and This year Mr. CHADWICK was much impressed by these two great wants. That these are the great wants of the Colony together with a considerable alteration of the system of house building is his opinion, as it has been that of the Surveyor General and myself. The following figures will show what good grounds we have for forming this opinion.

Deaths among Chinese.

1873 1874

1875

1876 1877

1878

1879

1880

1881

Enteric

125

145

116

309

438

Simple continued..

291

243

370

481

733

373

168

Typhus

Diarrhoea

195

231

288

259

311

701

608

348

435

Deaths other than Chinese.

1873

1874 1875 1876 1877 1878

1879

1880

1881

Enteric .....

Simple continued....

Typhus

Diarrhoea

.18

There is one thing wrong about these returns, and that is Typhus Fever, there being no such thing as Typhus Fever here at all; it is I believe unknown in the East. Forbid it should ever come here, for we should never get rid of it again; the cases that are returned as Typhus should be Typhoid or Enteric Fever I think. But as the Chinese returns especially are very much mixed, and some of the Deaths other than Chinese are not attended by European Physicians, these may be considered only as regards the totals, the complaints having much in common as arising from bad water, bad drainage, bad ventilation, &c., and also much in common in their symptoms which may cause mistakes in diagnosis among the Chinese. What I particularly desire to bring to observation is the increase in the number of deaths attributed to these causes in the last five years, the last four years nearly doubling the number of deaths in the first four, especially among the Chinese. It is only during the last five years and especially in the last three that all China Town and a considerable portion of that part which before was occupied by Europeans has been built over with Chinese houses, all of them now three stories high, where before they were only two stories, and all built on the same insanitary principles that I pointed out eight years ago. At least two thirds of the Chinese quarter of the Town has been entirely rebuilt in the last eight years, and I do not believe there were a hundred three stories China houses in existence when I arrived here nearly nine years ago. shewing Mr. CHADWICK new Chinese houses which had not been occupied three months, in a disgrace- I had the honour and vexation of fully insanitary state, such as I venture to say could be found in no other town in the world under European supervision.

Table XVIII shews the work done by the Sanitary Inspectors or rather all that they have been permitted to do. They are rendered helpless by a Government order issued 13th July 1881, couched in these terms. "With reference to the prosecutions at the Magistracy under Subsection I of Section "II of Ordinance 14 of 1845, I have the honour by the direction of the Governor to acquaint you for "the information and guidance of the Inspectors of Nuisances that some actual annoyance to some "bona fide passenger or inhabitant should be proved." What Chinese or European passenger is likely to trouble himself and waste his time hanging about the Courts, to prove a nuisance or what Chinese inhabitant is likely to trouble himself about a nuisance? even Europeans will submit to a great deal before they risk being brought into Court to waste an hour or two. So that this is tantamount to an order that no prosecutions should be made and is one of the things referred to in Mr. PRICE's letter paragraph 11, No. 45 published in the Return of Restrictions upon the Chinese, Hongkong.

I wish to call attention to the numbers of stalls now permitted to occupy the foot-ways, side channels, and also a considerable portion of the roadway even in the principal streets. Many of these are cooking stalls, vegetable stalls, &c., and are not only great obstructions to passengers but also to the working of the side channels; much garbage animal and vegetable is thrown about indiscriminately, obstructing the channels and being ground into the mud of the foot-ways and roadways by the general traffic. The drain traps are also defiled by this cause and also the use of them as urinals; the stench at the corners of some of the principal streets where the traps are is sometimes unbearable for these reasons. The jinrickshas also require much looking after though of late there has been a great improvement in them. The owners should be held strictly responsible for their cleanliness as they are likely unless strictly looked after to be the means of communicating diseases of a contagious nature, the runners of them also require attention as regards their cleanliness. Hanging clothes out to air or dry on long bamboos across the streets is also very objectionable for the same reasons, Ordinance No. 14 of 1845, provides for these and many other things in Section II, and I am not aware that it has been repealed though apparently it is not, carried out.

The enclosed report of Mr. H. McCALLUM of the analytical work done is interesting both as regards the milk supply and also the water supply, but does not form very agreeable reading for those that advocate teetotalism. But as Mr. McCALLUM has had very hard work lately at the different water analysis for the information of Mr. CHADWICK, it is perhaps likely that we shall have some improvement in the supply in the course of a few years.

I'regret this report has been so much delayed, but it has been on account of illness which has prevented me from finishing it as soon as I could wish.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

Honourable F. STEWART, LL.D.,

Acting Colonial Secretary, fc.,

&.c..

&c.

PH. B. C. AYRES, Colonial Surgeon.

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 22nd February, 1882.

SIR,-I have the honour to submit the annual report of the Superintendent of the Government Civil Hospital.

During the year the buildings which constitute the hospital have been found fairly adequate for general requirements. There are however a number of improvements which ought to be carried out as early as possible, viz.:-

A zymotic ward. At present there is one very small room available and only capable of con- taining one patient, in the event of two or three admissions at one time, it would be impossible to accommodate the cases.

A strong room is very much required for patients suffering from Delirium Tremens. This is a frequent cause of admission, often several patients being at one time under treatment, and much incon- venience and annoyance is caused to the other patients located in the same ward.

A lying-in ward is much required. At present cases admitted have to be treated in the female ward among the other patients.

There is only one small room available for second class patients; the number ought to be in- creased, as frequently patients have to be placed in the first class wards, owing to want of accommoda-

tion.

I would suggest that the first-class wards be made more comfortable and private, and that a first or second class should be provided for females. At present there is no accommodation for women able to pay for admission.

The public mortuary ought not to be situated within the precints of the hospital, neither should Coroner's inquests be held at the hospital. Both are a source of much inconvenience and discomfort to the Staff and patients, and their speedy removal is greatly to be desired. After the typhoon of October last, owing to the accumulation of dead bodies in the mortuary, the smell was most offensive and could be distinctly perceived throughout the hospital.

The present system of sending the bedding, &c., to the Gaol to be washed, is much to be depre- cated, as there must always be a certain risk of contagion being conveyed to the inmates of that esta- blishment. A wash house and disinfecting room are urgently required, and a site found for them within the hospital grounds.

Considerable inconvenience is caused by the want of efficient control over the egress from and ingress to the hospital. The servants can go out and in at their pleasure, strangers can enter at any time without being observed, and it is a wonder that none of the stores have been stolen. The remedy for this is to erect a gate and a lodge for the gatekeeper at the entrance from the Queen's Road.

The placing of the quarters of the Staff in the main building is decidedly objectionable; it renders them liable to the extreme annoyance and inconvenience of being disturbed at all hours by delirious patients and those suffering from great pain or by the arrival of some accident. On the other hand, the patients are liable to be disturbed by the occupants of the quarters, as it is impossible to expect that any man in his own rooms is constantly to be remembering that he is practically in a sick room, and that the slightest noise is to be avoided. It would therefore be advisable to erect a separate building within the hospital enclosure for the use of the Staff.

The present Superintendent's quarters would give all the extra wards above alluded to.

The Staff, so far as numbers are concerned, is ample. However, the great number of the men, employed as nurses, are of a low class and not reliable. This is in some measure due to the manner in which they are entered, but more on account of the nature of the duties and the way in which they are paid. A man on being taken on as nurse, draws the same amount of pay as another man who may have served in that capacity for ten years. This ought not to be.

This ought not to be. It is strongly recommended that they should be divided into three classes and that promotion from a lower into a higher grade be made dependent on efficiency, good conduct and length of service. The pay of the third class might remain as at present, viz.: $8 per month, the second to be $9, and the first $10. There can be little doubt but that such a method would in the first instance secure better men, and, what is of more importance, after they have been trained, tend to retain them.

The dry earth closets in use in the lower building seem to answer fairly well; however, the self- acting kind should be substituted for the present ones, as it is difficult to get the patients to make use of the earth in a proper manner. These closets ought to be emptied, at least twice in the twenty-four hours. Great care should be taken to prevent the utilising of this fecal matter as a manure seeing it is frequently liable to be infected with the specific germs of disease. It would be advisable either to have it burned or buried at a considerable depth with quick lime.

Tables have been provided for each ward, so that patients are now able to take their meals in comfort. New filters are being provided for each ward as well as for the kitchens. They are designed by Mr. MCCALLUM and are much superior to those ordinarily in use.

The admissions during the year were:—

Police,

Board of Trade,

Private Paying,

Government Servants,...

Police Cases,.

Destitutes,

Total Admissions,..

....

498

117

193

139

222

1.236

This shows an increase of 181, compared with last year, and is the greatest number admitted in any one year during the last decade, except 1878, when the number was 1,289.

Very few Chinese private paying patients sought admission. This may be that they do not yet appreciate western scientific medical treatment, but it is very probable that the fees charged have more to do with it. The lowest charge for a patient of this class is $1 a day which is a considerable sum for an ordinary Chinaman to pay, and very likely acts as an effective preventative to their seeking ad-

mission. It would be well if the Government considered the advisability of reducing this fee, and at the same time making arrangements for free out-door attendance to those who may apply at fixed hours on certain days of the week. Should this be done, information to that effect might be published in the Chinese newspapers. At present almost the only applications for out-door treatment are made by European destitutes, generally loafers, in the Colony, and prostitutes, neither of which deserve. any encouragement.

per

The general health of the Police has on the whole been good. Table I. shews the total admis- sions to be 498, or 90 less than last year, and the number of days spent in hospital 6,134, shewing an average daily sick of 16.8 or 6 less than last year. Referring to Table II., the average daily sick cent. for Europeans is 4.58, and this compares favourably with the rate in England. The rate of sick- ness of the Indians is only 3.23 per cent., and is very much under that of India. The Chinese force shews a still smaller percentage, viz.: 1.84 and I doubt if such another body of men could shew such a low rate of sickness in any other part of the world. Five Europeans died, three in and two out of hospital, the latter the result of accident. Including those two it makes the apparent death rate 3.23 per cent. or 32.3 per thousand. This is very high, but excluding one death, the result of Syphilis, it brings the rate to 22.3 or not much higher than prevails in England. The death rate among the Indians and Chinese is exceedingly small.

Comparing Tables III. and IV., the Police force shews a smaller rate of sickness than the troops, but a much higher mortality. This may in some measure be accounted for by the fact that all bad cases, among the troops are sent to England.

Table III. shews the admissions from the different Police Stations, but as none of them shew any excess of sickness, no remarks are necessary.

Table V. gives admissions into and deaths in hospital with the diseases.

There were four admissions from Typhoid fever, all recovered. One was a particularly tedious case, the patient suffering from no less than two relapses. It is a singular fact that all the cases came from on board ship. This looks as if the water supply was at fault, and it would be well if the source of water supplied and the mode of supplying it to the shipping were enquired into. Fevers of a malarious type caused a very large number of admissions, some of the cases being of an extremely severe character. There were three deaths, two of the cases having been brought into hospital almost moribund.

The admissions for venereal are about the same as last year. There were two deaths under this head, that of destitutes who came under treatment in an advanced state of tertiary syphilis.

Bronchial affections were very common, but not generally of a severe type.

Dyspepsia was a common cause of admission, probably the result of the excessive use of alcoholic

drinks.

Bowel complaints were numerous, most of them being of a mild type..

A large number of admissions from General Debility, mostly the result of climate. There were 11 admissions from Delirium Tremens and no deaths.

Seven cases of opium poisoning, all recovered.

About one-tenth the total admissions were from contusions and wounds, all of them were of a slight nature with few exceptions. There was one case of wound of the lung which resulted in death, another was an extensive wound of the elbow joint, which completely healed in three weeks leaving the almost free use of the joint.

There were no less than 71 admissions with no appreciable disease. The cases remaining under observation from a few hours to one or two days.

16 cases were brought to hospital in a moribund condition, dying within a few hours after admis- sion.

The total number of deaths for the year was 49.

There was one admission from snake bite. The man was bitten in the foot whilst on his way down from the Peak. There was considerable swelling but no constitutional disturbance, and the case did well in a few days. From several cases of snake bite which have come under observation, during the past year, I should be inclined to state that the specimens found here are not of a very deadly

nature.

The total receipts during the year amounted to $7,787.82 of this sum $1,122.48 was from the Police and $2,028.00 from the Board of Trade.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient servant,

J. MURRAY, Surgeon-Major, A.M.D.,

Acting Superintendent.

Dr. PH. B. C. AYRES,

Colonial Surgeon.

January, February,

March,

April,

May, June, July, August,. September,

October,.. November, December,

Total,.

MONTHS.

POLICE.

I.-TABLE shewing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during each Month of the Year 1881.

EUROPEANS.

INDIAN.

CHINESE.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. 'Admissions. Deaths.

TOTAL TOTAL Admissions. Deaths.

January, February, March,

April,

......

...

May,

...

June,

July,

August,

September,

...

October,

November,

December,

Total,...

888

212

198

498

J. MURRAY, Acting Superintendent:

II.—TABLE shening the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY in the POLICF. FORCE during the Year 1881.

AVERAGE STRENGTH.

TOTAL SICK.

TOTAL DEATHS. RATE OF SICKNESS.

RATE OF MORTALITY,

† Including two cases admitted into the Lunatic Asylum.

Only three Europeans died in Hospital, the other deaths occurred out of Hospital.

European. Indian.

Chinese.

Total. European. Indian.

Chinese.

European, Indian.

Chinese:

European. Indiau.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

98.08 189.83 336.25 624

89* 2141 198

4.58

3.23

1.84

5.10

per cent. per cent. per cent.

per cent.

1.05

per cent.

0.89

* Including one case of Small-pox.

European.

J. MURRAY, Acting Superintendent.

III.-POLICE RETURN of ADMISSIONS to HOSPITAL from each District during the Year 1881.

CENTRAL No. 5

No. 2

No. 1 AND STONE CUTTERS'

No. 6

No. 7

ISLAND.

WATER POLICE

HCLK, TSIMSHATSU

WHITFIELD.

SHAIKIWAN

POEFCLAM.

ABERDEEN,

STANLEY.

YAUMATI,

HUNG HOX.

2 17

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

:: -: - | European.

Indian.

Chinesc.

7 9

6 24 7

2 15 7

6 11 10

9 7 14 1

1 2

54 149

71 3 9

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

Wamw: comi ni

Hi Fi -Hui i ~~~

European.

Indian.

. . ព

European,

Indian..

Chinesc.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

Chinese.

European.

Indian.

1 4

2 26 12 13

5 2 2

5 4 5

12 2 7 3 4 8

J. MURRAY, Acting Superintendent.

IV.-TABLE shewing the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY of the TROOPS serving in HONGKONG during the Year 1881.

STRENGTH.

ADMISSIONS INTO HOSPITAL.

DEATHS.

RATE OF SICKNESS.

RATE OF MORTALITY TO STRENGTH.

White.

Black. Total.

White.

Black. Total. White. Black.

Total. White. | Black. White.

Black.

918

131

1049

936

180

1116

6.33 5.35 0.22

1.53

per

(Signed)

cent.percent.per cent. per cent.

Brigade Surgeon Officer, P.M.

R. HUNGERFORD,

Chinese.

鍠

V.-TABLE shewing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the Year 1881.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

DISEASES.

Europeans.

Do., Muscular,

Lumbago,

Primary Syphilis, uncomplicated. 20

Secondary Syphilis,

Anæmia,

Typhoid Fever,

Febricnla,

Dengue,

Intermittent Fever, Remittent Fever, Rheumatism, Acute,

Do., Subacute,

Chronic,

13 21

لان

41 37 43 121

wow off

མྦ ཀ : 2 སྨྲ 1:

Anasarca,

Ascites,

Scurvy,

Scrofula,

Gout,

Cephalalgia,

Neuralgia,

Dementia,

Suustroke,

Concussion of Brain,

Congestion of Brain,

Meningitis,

Hemiplegia,

Locomotor Ataxy,

Conjunctivitis,

Scrofulous Opthalmia,

Iritis.

Trichiasis,

Splinter of Iron in the Out-

Chamber of Left Eye,......

Amaurosis,

Inflammation of the Septem

· of Nose,

Otorrhoea,

Otitis,.

Enlarged Lymphatic Glands?

of Neck,

Morbus Cordis,..

Dilatation of Heart,

Aortic Insufficiency,

Rheumatic Pericarditis,

Hypertrophy of Heart, Tussis,

Laryngitis.

Bronchial Catarrh,

Bronchitis,

Coryza,

Asthma,.

Pneumonia, Acute,

Do.,

Chronic,

Pleuro-pneumonia,

Pleurisy,

Phthisis,

Haemoptysis,

Inflammation of Face,

Coloured.

Chinese.

Total.

Europeans.

Coloured.

Chinese.

Total.

DISEASES.

Brought forward,..

Jaundice,.

Splenitis,

44 7

Diabetes Insipidus,

***

Hæmaturia,

Vesical Calculus,

Congestion of Kidney,

Spermatorrhoea,

Phimosis,

Gonorrhea,

29 10 4

Bubo,

10 3

.19

Gonorrhoeal Rheumatism,

Gleet,

3 7

Stricture of Urethra,

Rupture of Urethra,

Fistula of Penis,.....

Herpes of Penis,......

Excoriation of Penis,

Ulceration of Prepuce,

Orchitis,

Cancer of Penis..

|286. |196. |190 672

-2

Europeans.

Coloured.

-⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ -⠀lami¦ILIN Chinese.

Total.

Europeans.

Coloured.

Chinese.

Total.

Fungoid Tumour of Right

Testicle,..

Aduenitis,

1 Sympathetic Bubo,

...

Warts of Perineal Region,

Perineal Abscess,

Ulcer,

Ulceration of Leg,

Do. of Tue,

Caries of Tibia,

Periostitis,

Necrosis of os calcis, Abscess,

***

- ~ -wwi -i wi

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

Do.

of Foot,

Do.

of Toe,

Synovities of Knee Joint,

Morbus Cord.,..

Contraction of Knee Joint,

Arthritis, Chronic Rheumatic,.

Excoriation of Foot,

Lichen Tropicalis,

Eczema, Scabies, Ringworm,

Tiurea Versicolor,

Herpes Labiates,

12 25

12 49

Erysipelas,

Pycemia,

Lupus,

Boils,

Scald,

1 17

Burns,

Debility,

Poisoning, Opium..............

Do., Alcoholic,

Do., Narcotic,

Privation,

Inebrietas,

Delirium Tremens,.

...

Moribund,

Observation,

11 4 3 9 16 4 17 35 19 71

Bite by Man,

Dog-bite,

Snake-bite,

Alveolar Abscess,.

Enlarged Cervical Glands,

Tumour on Neck,..

Abscess of Maxillary Region,

Goltre,

Gum Boil,

Tonsillitis,.

Pharyngitis,

Ulceration of Pharynx,

Dyspepsia,

Gastritis,

Contusion of Abdomen & Chest,

Abscess of Abdominal Wall,

Dysentery, Acute,

Do., Chronic,..

Enteritis,

Diarrhea,

Peritonitis,

Enchondroma of Hand,

Onychia,

Subsidiary Thumb Removed,.

Contusion,

Sprain of Ankle,..

4 10

22-2--2-2

Do. of Foot,

Wound, Contused,

Do..

Do., Incised,

do., of Scalp,.

Do., do., of PoplitealĮ

Do.,

Artery,..

Lacerated,

- 1

Do., Gunshot,

Do., Punctured,

Lateral Curvature............. Dislocation of Spine,. Do. of Femur, Fracture, Simple, of Skull,

Do., do., of Left

Peritiphilitis,

Colic,

Do., Saturnalia,

Constipation,

Protapsus Ani,

Lumbrici,

Obstruction of Bowels,

Hernia, Oblique Inguinal,

Hæmorrhoids,

Fistula in Ano,

Abscess of Nates,

Congestion of the Liver,

Cirrhosis of the Liver,

Hepatitis,

Carried forward,.

236 196 190 672

Do.,

do.,

Forearm, do., of Left

Clavicle, of Right Tibia,

- I

· 1

Carried forward.........

505 323

386 1214 20

10 19 49

DISEASES.

TABLE shewing the ADMISSIONS and MORTALITY, &c.,-(Continued).

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

ADMISSIONS.

Europeans:

Coloured.

Chinese.

Total.

Europeans.

Coloured.

Chinese.

Total.

Brought forward,. Fracture, Compound, of Right

Fibula,

Fracture, Compound, of Pha-

lanx of Great Toe, Fracture, Compound, of Right(

Tibia and Fibula,

Fracture, Compound, of Radius)

and Wrist,.

Fracture, Compound, of Hip Joint, Amputation of 4 Fingers of

505 323 386 1214 20

***

...

DEATHS,

DISEASES.

Brought forward,.

Attempted Drowning, Suicidal, Parturition,

Prolapsus Uteri,

Carcinoma Uteri,

Anteversion of Uteri, Monorrhagia,

Oöphoritis,

Vesicula Vaginal Fistula, Vaginitis,

Atony of Uterus after Partu-

rition,...

508 323 389 1220, 20

Europeans.

-⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ Coloured.

Chinesc.

Toatl.

Europeans.

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ Coloured.

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ Chinese.

Total.

Left Hand,

Carried forward........... 508 323 389 1220 20

10 19 49

TOTAL,.........

516 324 396 1236; 20

10 19 49

J. MURRAY, Acting Superintendent.

VI.-TABLE shewing the RATE of MORTALITY in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL during the last 10 Years.

Rate to Total Number of Rate to Number of Europeans Rate to Number of Coloured

Admissions.

Admitted.

Persons Admitted.

Rate to Number of Chinese Admitted.

1872,. 4873,

Per cent.

6.82

Per cent.

1872,

4.86

1872,

2.39

1872,

12.93

0.33

1873,

3.33

1873,

7.93

1873,

7.14

1874,..

9.12

1874,

9.06

1874,

6.22

1874,

12.50

1875,

4.55

1875,

4.35

1875,

4.08

1875,

5.76

1876,..

2.49

1876,

2.81

1876,

2.53

1876,

1.76

1877.

5.15

1877,

4.10

1877.

3.25

1877,

8.12

1878,.

3.88

1878,

3.46

1878,

3.08

1878,

5.76

1879,

5.13

1879,

3.12

1879,

8.39

1879,

4.72

1880,

4.17

1880,

3.73

1880,

2.66

1880,

5.80

1881,

3.96

1881,

3.87

1881,

3.09

1881,

4.80

J. MURRAY,

Acting Superintendent.

VII.-TABLE shewing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL

during each Month of the Year 1881.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

MONTHS.

TOTAL Admissions.

TOTAL

Deaths.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions.

Deaths. Admissions. Deaths.

January, February, March, April,. May,

June,

July, August,

September,

.25

•

...

131

125

141

121

October,

116

November,

December,.

104

100

16BQ OLD ON S SO COLO

Total,.

516

324

396

1,236

J. MURRAY,

Acting Superintendent.

ཛ་་ས་་

VIII.-LIST of DEAD BODIES brought to the GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL for Examination

during each Month of the Year 1881.

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

MONTHS.

TOTAL.

*Adults.

Children. Adults.

Children.

Adults.

Children.

January,

February,

March,

April,.

May, June, July, August,

October,

September,

•

November,

December,

Total,...

144

January,.

February,

March,

April,

May,

J. MURRAY,

Acting Superintendent.

IX. TABLE shewing the ADMISSIONS into and DEATHS in the GOVERNMENT SMALL-POX HOSPITAL,

during each month of the Year 1881.

June,..

July,

August,.

September,

- October,

November,

MONTHS,

EUROPEANS.

COLOURED.

CHINESE.

Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths. Admissions. Deaths.

600

...

ཝོ་

December,

TOTAL,...

---

•

***

•

TOTAL Admissions.

TOTAL

Deaths.

440

...

♡

J. MURRAY, Acting Superintendent.

X.-TABLE shewing the ADMISSIONS into HOSPITAL in VICTORIA GAOL, and MORTALITY, during the Year 1881.

ADMISSIONS.

DEATHS.

DISEASES.

Euro- Coloured Persons. peaus.

Chinese.

Total. Euro- Coloured peans. Persons.

Chinese.

Total.

Remaining under treatment 1st January, 1881,

...

Fever (Simple, continued),.

Do. (Intermittent),.

Phthisis Pulmonalis,

Rheumatism,

...

Anæmia,

Bubo,

Catarrh,.

Scrofula,......

Syphilis (Primary),

Syphilitic Warts,

Ophthalmia,

Conjunctivitis,

Neuralgia,

Disease of the Heart (Functional), Phlebitis,

Inflammation of Glands,

Chronic Enlargement of Glands,

Bronchitis (Acute),

242434

...

་

•

...

Do.

(Chronic),

Cancrum oris,

Parotitis,

Cynanche,

Colic and Constipation,

Diarrhoea,

Dysentery,.

...

***

Dyspepsia,

***

Gastralgia Pyrosis,

Icterus,

***

Hæmorrhoids,.

Condyloma of the Anus,

...

→

Hæmaturia,

...

Orchitis,

Gonorrhoea,

Blennorreca,..........................

Phymosis,

Stricture,

•

Hydrocele,..

Synovitis,

...

Abscess,.

...

Carbuncle,

Ulcer,

Excoriations,

•

Debility,

Alcoholism,

...

Opium Eating,

...

•

Contusions,

Sprains,

Wounds (Lacerated),

Do.

Child Birth,

(Contused),

TOTAL

2 Chinese p:isoners flogged during the year.

220

297

...

Total number of Prisoners

admitted to Gaol.

Europeans.

Indians.

DISEASES.

"Remaining under treatment 1st January, 1881,

Fever, (Simple, continued),

XI. TABLE shewing the CASES, not ADMITTED to HOSPITAL, treated by the COLONIAL SURGEON, during the Year 1881.

Do. (Intermittent),

Scrofula,..

Neuralgia,

Disease of the Heart, (Organic),

Anæmia,

Bronchitis (Acute),

Do. (Chronic),

Cynanche,

Colic and Constipation, Diarrhoea,

Dyspepsia,

Gastralgia,..

Abscess,

Boils,

Debility, Alcoholism, Old Age, Opium Eating,

Europeans.

Coloured Persons.

Chinese.

Total.

...

TOTAL,...

XII. TABLE sherring the RATE of SICKNESS and MORTALITY in VICTORIA GAOL during the Year 1881.

Total No. of Prisoners admitted to Gaol.

Daily Average No. of Prisoners.

Total

Sick in

Hospital

Total Sick, Total Trifling Deaths.

Cases.

Serious Sickness

to Total.

Rate of Sickness.

Rate of Mortality.

To Total. To Average.

To Average. To Total. | To Average:

4,150

655

297

7.157

.9.012

2.358

0.048

0.305-

Admitted to Hospital

Sick in Hospital.

from the Courts.

XII, A.—TABLE shewing the NUMBER of PRISONERS ADMITTED into VICTORIA GAOL HOSPITAL, from the Courts,

by the COLONIAL SURGEON, during the Year 1881.

Chinese.

Total.

Europeans.

Indians.

Chinese.

Total.

To total Gaol admissions.

Total Hospital

cases from Courts.

Europeans.

4,150

220 297 17

1.229

17.172

22.368

15.454

To total Hospital admissions.

Hospital Court Cases.

To total European Hospital

cases.

Chinese.

To total Chinese Hospital

cases.

XII, C.--TABLE shewing the WEIGHTS of PRISONERS (OPIUM SMOKERS) for the First Four Weeks Confinement in VICTORIA GAOL, during the Year 1881.

Number of Years

Consump-

Weight

No.

Age.

Opium

tion per Diem.

when Admitted.

Smoker.

Weights First Four Weeks.

REMARKS.

7 Years.

Mace.

94 lbs.

933

-3-2-2

109

1091 115

119

114

115

114

115

1.15

115

Fine paid.

117

119

921

"'"

Hoa

100

985

106

105

104

1065

107

114

112

114

116

114

109

124

121

124

120

A cripple, very emaciated, and.

suffering from hæmorrhoids Remained in prison 30 days Pardoned by the Governor

30.

7749

831

109

114

113

114

112

105

107

119

124

126

124

122

921

102

104

105

102

107

110

112

113

-4ax

100

سانسور

101

1011

102

100

37 17

119 117

121

124

123

128

119

116

117

1181

100

102

103

ལྤ3

101

105

104

103

دو

1001

119

123

122

دو

9812

1011

XII, D.-TABLE shewing the NUMBER and DESCRIPTION of PATIENTS treated in the GOVERNMENT LUNATIC ASYLUM

during the Year 1881.

No.

Native of

Age.

Disease.

Date of Admission.

Date of Discharge.

No. of Days in Asylum.

Description of Patient.

Australia,

India...

Dementia, Do.

22 Feb.

19 Nov.

270

5 March

17 May

Board of Trade. P.C. 649.

Portugal,

Mania á Potu,

2.1

27 March

Private paying,

Germany,

Dementia,....

27 May

7 Sept.

104

Cape Verd,

Monomania,

18 June

India,..

Observation,

Malay,

Dementia,.

k 8

Do.,

18 June 30 August 9 Sept. (2 Oct.

20 Oct.

Destitute.

Private paying.

Police Case.

Still in Asylum.

15 Oct.

Germany,

42 Meningitis,

Board of Trade.

7.21

India,.

65 Congestion of Brain,.

2 Dec.

15 Dec.

P.C. 681.

Remaining in Hospital on the 1st January, 1881.

Admitted during the year 1881.

Total Cases Treated in the Hospital.

Discharged. Died.

Number of Out-Patients Treated at the Hospital.

XIII. TABLE of STATISTICS relating to the TUNG WAH HOSPITAL during the Year 1880.

Death Rate per cent., including Incurables and Moribund Cases.

Death Rate in the Total of the 81,137 Treated at and in the Hospital.

Remaining in Hospital

on 1st Jan., 1882.

Male.

Fe- male.

Male.

Fe- male.

Male.

Fe- inale.

Male.

Fe- male.

Male.

Fe- male.

Male.

Fe- male.

Total.

Male.

Fe- male.

Total.

Per cent.

Male.

Fe- male.

Total:

987

230 | 1,050 242 536

101 442

12763,441 16,404|| 79,845 | 42.09 | 52.48

44.04

0.701**

* Excluding 99 Males and 53 Females brought dead to the Hospital.

XIV.-VACCINATIONS performed during the Year 1880, by TRAVELLING VACCINATORS of the TUNG WAH HOSPITAL.

IN THE CITY OF VICTORIA.

IN VILLAGES AND RURAL DISTRICTS. TOTAL NUMBER OF VACCINATIONS.

1,541

181

1,722

XV.-CASES of SMALL POX treated at the TUNG WAH HOSPITAL during the Year 1881.

REMAINING IN HOSPITAL.

ADMITTED DURING

THE YEAR 1881.

DISCHARGED.

DIED.

REMAINING IN HOSPITAL.

Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. Total.

XVI.-LOCK HOSPITAL.

TABLE A.

SHEWING the ADMISSION into the GOVERNMENT LOCK HOSPITAL, during the 24 Fears of its Existence, with the Number of DIETS issued

and the AVERAGE LENGTH of TREATMENT.

ADMISSIONS.

NUMBER OF DIETS ISSUED.

AVERAGE NUMBER OF DAYS Treated.

}

1858,

124

1859,

1858, 162 1859,

4,797

1858,..

43.8

5,389

1859,

30.8

1860,

361

1860,

9,107

1860,.

23.7

1861,

442

1861,

10,778

1861,

28.4

1862,

485

1862,.

12,193

1862.

22.0

1863,

420

1863,

11,707 1863.

23.7

1864,

442

1864,.

11,940

1864,

27.0

1865,

390

1865.

11,303

1865,

28.0

1866,

406

1866,

13,060

1866,

28.6

1867,

434

1867,

13,120

1867,

25.5

1868,

579

1868,

16,462

1808.

23.6

1869.

546

1869,

16,799

1869,

24.8

1870,

722

1870,

18,382

1870,

23.1

3871,

593

1871,

12,308

1871..

18.5

1872,

650

1872,

15,103

1872,

20.9

1873,

500

1873,

11,219

1873,.

195

1874,

345

1874,

6,814

1874,.

18.6

1875,

134

1875,..

2,916

1875,

18.7

1876,

168

1876,..

2,730

1876,

14.3

1877,

177

1877,

3,069

1877,

16.6

1878,

305

1878,

2,242

1878,

19.0

1879, ...

129

1879,.

2,119

1879,

13.6

1880, 1881,

1880, 1881.....

1,300

1880..

14.7

1,330

1881,

21.7

TABLE B.

RETURN of the NUMBER of PROSTITUTES, brought under the Provisions of Ordinance No. 10 during the Tear 1881.

Number of

Beds iu

Lock Hospital.

Number admitted into Hospital

on Certificates of Visiting Surgeon.

Number who submitted voluntarily.

184

Number against whom it was necessary to proceed by Information before the Registrar General.

Total Number brought under the Provisions of the Ordinance."

184

Total Number of Examinations made during the Year.

8,484

Total Number of Examinations made when no Disease was found.

8,440

Total Number Discharged

from Ilospital.

TABLE C.

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES RETURN for the Year 1881.

TOTAL NUMBER OF MEN Diseased

'ADMITTED INTO

AVERAGE NUMBER OF MEN IN Garrison and PORT (per Month).

Total No. of Men Diseased.

Total No. of Females admitted

into Lock Military | Naval Police Civil Hospital. Hospital. Hospital. Hospital. Hospital.Į

Average Percentage

Average No. of Men in

of Men Mer- Garrison Soldiers. Seamen. Police. chant and Port

Diseased Seamen. (per month). (per month).

136* 245t

96$

514

1,054

824

654||

10,349 12,880

0.326

REMARKS.

* 3 of these were transferred from the S. 6.

Scotland, contracted at Portsmouth.

† 115 of the admissions into the Naval Hospital were not contracted in Hongkong, and S cares of Secondary Syphills unknown.

2 of the adraissions into the Police Hospital

were not contracted in Hongkong,

§ 50 of the admissions Into the Civil Hospita!

were not contracted in Hongkong,

Il Including 160 Extra Chinese.

TABLE D.

RETURN of WOMEN examined and treated in the GOVERNMENT Lock 1OSPITAL during the Year 1881.

EXAMINATION.

8,484

8,440

DISEASES.

Primary Syphilis, uncomplicated, Gonorrhoea,

do.,

Do., and Primary Syphilis, combined, Secondary Syphilis,

TOTAL,.....

TABLE E.

No. remaining in

Hospital, Sist December, 1880.

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES RETURN for the Year 1881.

Primary Syphilis, uncomplicated,

Do.,

Gonorrhoea, uncomplicated,

Primary and Secondary Syphilis, combined,

Gonorrhoea and

and Primary Syphilis, combined,

do.,

Secondary Syphilis,

Gleet,.

Bubo,

Do.

and Excoriation of Frænum,

Do. and Gonorrhœa,

Do.

and Primary Syphilis,

Gonorrhoeal Rheumatism,.

January,. February,.

March,

April,

May,

June,

July,

August,

September,....

October,.

November,

December,

HOSPITAL.

Admitted.

Total Treated.

DISCHARGED.

Cured.

No. remaining in

Hospital, 31st December, 1881.

L431

Military Hospital.

Naval Hospital.

Police

Hospital.

Civil Hospital.

131

...

24 1

---

- --- -of-

TOTAL,....

TOTAL,

.1881.

136

245

.1880,....

164

181

TABLE, E 2.

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ACT.

TABLE showing the Number of NAVAL MEN admitted into NavaL HOSPITAL during the Year 1881.

SECONDARY SYPHILIS.

Months.

Contracted at Hongkong.

Contracted

Elsewhere.

Total.

2197

Saa7

Total Number,..............

* Primary Syphilis contracted at Hongkong.

†Three of these unknown,

TABLE, E 3.

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ACT.

TABLE shewing the Number of MILITARY MEN admitted into MILITARY HOSPITAL during the Year 1881.

SECONDARY SYPHILIS.

Months.

Contracted at Hongkong.

Contracted Elsewhere.

Total.

January,

February,

March,

April,

May, June, July, August, September,

October,

November, December,

1 2

Total Number,......

XVII.—TABLE shewing the RATE of MORTALITY among the FOREIGN RESIDENTS in Hongkong during the last 10 Years.

Years.

Number of European and

Deaths.

Percentage of Deaths to

American Residents.

Number of Residents.

1872, 1873,

....

2,520

2.50

2,520

1.94

1874,

2,520

2.85

1875,

2,520

2.34

1876,

2,520

2.93

1877,

2,767

3.03

1878,

2,767

2.42

1879,

2,767

1.98

1880,

2.707

2.49

1881,

3,040

2.10

Average of 10 Years,...........

2,670.8

65.8

2.46

XVIII.—TABLE shewing the Work performed by the INSPECTORS of NUISANCES during the Year 1881.

io. of Summonses

Issued.

No. of Persons Arrested.

No. of Persons Discharged.

No. of Persons Fined.

No. of Notices Issued.

Total Amount of Fines in Dollars.

221

222

4,700

$711.75

XIX.-TABLE shewing the ANNUAL MEAN STATE of the ATMOSPHERE, during the Year 1881, as recorded at the GOVERNMENT LOCK HOSPITAL, 86 feet above mean low level of Spring Tide.

FAHRENHEIT THERMOMETERS.

HYGROMETERS.

WINDS:

1881.

BAROMETER.

Self Registering in Shade.

In Shade.

Mean.

Max.

Min.

Max. Max.

Min. Sun Sun Min. in soil Bulb Bulb on in

ex- Grass. inches Vacuo. posed.

Dry Bulb.

Wet Bulb.

Quarter (prevailing.)

In Shade.

deep.

MONTHS.

January,

February,

March,.

April,

May,

29.00

June,

29.92

July,

29.84

August,

87.6

September,

87.5

October,

November,

December,

Annual Mean,...

30.06

30.02

9 A.M. 3 P.M.

Max. Min. 9 A.M. Noon.3 P.M. 30.26 30.22 72.0 45.0 66.2 50.6 G0.5 65.1 64.9 108. 75. 30.18

81.0 30.14

51.0 69.5 57.1 66.1 68.2

107. 68.7 30.22 30.18 7.1.0 40.0 .65.2 53.3 62.1 6.1.0 64.2 85.0 29.99

52.0 76.1 30.03

64.1 73.1 29.97

92.0 63.0

86.0 71.0 80.7 29.88 96.0 64.0

88.5 72.7 83.6 29.80 94.0 71.0 29.80

98.0 70.0 29.77 30.01 30.02 91.0 70.0 30.09 30.02 88.0 61.0 82.5 67.8 30.20 30.16

83.0 55.0 76.8 63.2 72.1 75.0 75.7 30.19

85.0 30.13

44.0 68.5 56.0 64.7

67.3 67.1 85.5 57.1 78.4 64.5 74.0 77.1 77.0

9 A.M. 3 P.M. 9 A.M.3 P.M.

A.M.

3 P.M.

RAIN IN INCHES

DURING THE MONTH.

No.

STATE OF WEATHER.

DAYS

HAV-

ING RAIN.

Average during the Month.

9 A.M.

3 P.M.

51.4 52.9

59.8 64.9

52.6 57.3

E & NE

...

***

Fine, 25 days. Overcast, 6 days. Fine, 30 days. Overcast, 1 day.

75. 58.7

59.8

65.2

68.9

61.3

64.2

N & W

E & W

0.14

15 days.

97. 71.

548

55.3

61.4 64.2

57.0

G0.3

E & NE

2.10

75.0

74.8

114.

80.

66.6

65 1

72.7

74.8

68.7

70.0

E & W

14.25 13

84.6

121. 84.7

92.

72.5

72.1

80.7

84.9

74.8

78.3

E & W

3.70

87.0

130. 86.7

95.

74.0

74.3

83.0

80.8

77.3

80.0

E & W

E & SW

7.55 14

87.9 73.9 83.8

86.4. 86.1 119.

93.

75.3

83.4 73.5

86.0

79.3

82.0

E & W

E & S

21.45

72.6

83.0

85.9 85.9 116.

92.

74.1

72.2

85.8 82.9

78.4

80.9

E & W

22.94

}}

71.7

82.2

85.8

85.4 129.

99.

73.6

71.2

81.5

75.9 82.0

79.2

E & W

12.23

77.1

81.0 80.3 123.

94.

70.6

66,6

76.7

80.4

70.1

74.0

& NE

E & NE

10.32

117.

88.

08.0

62.5

71.6

75.6 67.0

105.

79,

58.5

54.9

.63.8 67.1

59.7

62.4

70.0 E & NE E & NE

E & NE

2.41

E & NE

1.12

= =

2222

11ő.

$6. 66.5 64.8 73.0 70.7 66.8 77.6

98.21 141

THERMOMETER, FAHRENHEIT.

RAINFALL IN INCHES,

1873.

1874.

1875.

1876.

1877,

1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1873. 1874. 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881.

Maximum,

91.0

90.0

91.0

90.0

95.0

94.0

Minimum, 49.0

47.0

41.0

37.0

41.0

38.0

45.0

95.C

96.0 89.0. 40.0

75.47 81,98 83.43 103.55

76.72 84.40 94.70 111.57 98.21

Range,... 42.0

43.0

50.0

53.0

54.0

57.0

49.0

56.0

Total Total

during during

the

year.

1881.

LABORATORY,

GOVERNMENT CIVIL HOSPITAL,

HONGKONG, 21st January, 1882.

SIR, I have the honour to submit the following Report of Analytical work performed during

Fifty-seven analyses were made, five of which were researches for poison in cases of suspected poisoning, the remaining fifty-two being quantitative analyses of water, milk, wine, spirits, and drugs.

Of the twelve samples of milk examined, eight were adulterated with water, and in one case as much as 51 per cent. had been added. This adulteration is a serious matter deserving the attention of the Government. Not merely is the consumer defrauded, but there is also the danger of impure water being used as the diluent and thus probably disseminating disease.

A table shewing the results obtained in the monthly analyses of the Pokfulam water is given. below. All the samples were collected from a tap in direct connection with the main in which the supply of water is continuous. Each month the water was found turbid, such turbidity at times being excessive. It will be observed that in April there was a sudden increase in the Nitrogenous organic matter indicated by the greater yield of Albuminoid Ammonia. This continued with slight variations until December, when it again suddenly decreased. The rise corresponded with the beginning of the rains and increase of temperature, the fall with the decrease of temperature and rain. There was a decided increase of Chlorine in October, caused doubtless by the typhoon of the 14th of that month blowing spray from the sea inland.

In addition to the monthly analyses of the Pokfúlam water, a few samples from other sources were examined and specially reported on in four instances. As might be anticipated, when the geolo- gical formation, the general configuration, and the barren condition of the upland portion of the island are taken into consideration, the water in the streams is of excellent quality. At the same time, it should be efficiently filtered before it is used for potable purposes, because as a rule there is present in suspension a considerable amount of very finely divided mineral matter, which, putting on one side the disagreeable idea of drinking it, might prove injurious to health by mere mechanical irritation. The storage of the water in open reservoirs and trusting to subsidence as a means of getting rid of the suspended matter, ultimately increases the evil. Such a method may for a time be of some benefit, but in dry weather the reservoir acts as a collector of debris, which debris becomes stirred up and diffused throughout the whole mass of the water by every heavy rain that occurs.

It is hardly necessary to remark that the lower portion of those streams in which the public washermen ply their calling is of a very different character. The condition of the water in the wells of the city has not yet been ascertained. It is however to be feared judging from their positions, that not a few such waters are quite unfit for dietetic use.

Some surprise was expressed at the result of the analysis of a sample of water from the lower portion of one of the streams, where pollution was evidently taking place and apparently to a consider- able extent. A careful examination shewed, however, that although a number of black, filthy, stinking, gutters, from piggeries and middens led directly into the stream yet a comparatively small quantity of this sewage matter passed into it, there being no actual flow but simply a slight oozing. The whole probably not exceeding a gallon a day, whereas the flow of water in the stream in the same period would amount to some thousands of gallons. The condition of the stream also was most favourable to the self purification of the water, viz.-a rough bed, rapid flow, with a comparative high temperature and in some places a semi-filtration owing to a partially underground current. Nevertheless, there can be little doubt that with every shower of rain the state of the stream in question is such as to render it unsuitable for potable purposes. Even in ordinary times without efficient filtration, it is not a desirable drinking water. Although some of our best water supplies in England have received the sewage of towns containing thousands of inhabitants in addition to that of villages, private residences, and manufactories, yet there can only be one opinion but that, where obtainable water, which has never been contaminated with sewage is by far the best for dietetic purposes. Drinking water, like Cæsar's wife, should be above suspicion.

I have the honour to be,

Dr. PH. B. C. AYRES,

Colonial Surgeon, &c.

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

HUGH MCCALLUM,

Analyst.

1881.

Monthly Analyses of the Pokfulam Water for the Year 1881.

Grains per Gallon.

Solids.

Albuminoid Ammonia.

No. of Degrees. (Wanklyn's Scale).

Hardness.

Parts per

Million.

Chlorine.

Free Ammonia.

January,

2.7

0.6

0.00

0.035

1.4

February,

3.5

0.6

0.00

0.044

1.4

March,

2.9

0.6

0.00

0.040.

1.4

April,

3.7

0.5

0.01

0.110

1.8

May,

3.7.

0.5

0.01

0.080

1.6

June,.

3.4

0.6

0.01

0.060

1.4

July,

3.7

0.5

0.02

0.092

1.6

August,

3.7

0.6

0.01

0.080

1.2

September,

3.4

0.5

0.00

0.096

1.2

October,

3.7

0.9

0.00

0.074

1.8

November,

3.4

0.9

0.00

0.080

1.8

December,

3.1

0.9

0.00

0.048

1.8

HUGH MCCALLUM,

Analyst.

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.-No. 80.

HONGKONG.

PROPOSED OBSERVATORY.

The following is published for general information.

By His Excellency's Command,

Colonial Secretary's Office, Hongkong, 25th February, 1882.

MAJOR PALMER TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR.

M. S. TONNOCHY, Acting Colonial Secretary.

HONGKONG, 24th February, 1882.

MY DEAR GOVERNOR,-Having devoted my spare evenings during the last two months to a little scientific work which will be of use to the Colony-namely, a precise determination of the latitude of Mount Elgin-I have much pleasure in sending Your Excellency the accompanying short account of my work and its results, as you will doubtless be glad to place such information on record, for future reference, and as an appendix to my Report of last year.

, I am, Dear Sir,

Yours very faithfully,

H. SPENCER PALMER.

His Excellency, Governor Sir JOHN POFE HENNESSY, K.C.M.G..

ON A DETERMINATION OF LATITUDE AT MOUNT ELGIN, IN THE KAU-LUNG PENINSULA, BY MAJOR H. SPENCER PALMER, R.E., F.R.A.S.

year

last up In the scheme for the proposed Hongkong Physical Observatory which I drew

for the information of His Excellency the Governor, it was explained that. astronomical observations in this island would pretty certainly be vitiated by deflection of the spirit-levels caused by the neigh- bouring hill masses; and this was adduced as one reason for favouring a site at Kau-lung, where the conditions—at least above ground-give no cause for apprehending sensible errors of that kind.

For various reasons, Lieutenant-Commander GREEN, of the United States' surveying-ship "Palos," whose scientific mission I described in the same paper, was obliged, on his arrival here in September last, to establish his own observing station on this shore. But he was fully alive to the weight of the objection explained above; and subsequently, when we were speaking together on the matter, he was good enough to offer to lend me one of his instruments for a month or two, in order that I might myself make a separate determination of latitude on Mount Elgin. With this obliging offer I gladly closed, feeling as I do the importance of having the latitude of the proposed Observatory site established with the highest accuracy possible, and under conditions free from the uncertainty which must affect any determination on this side of the harbour; while the fact that, relying on Lieutenant-Commander GREEN's expected visit, I had omitted from the Observatory scheme provision for a latitude instrument left no room for doubt as to the wisdom of accepting his offer and devoting some time and trouble to a determination which should be precise and final.

The operations and results are described in the following notes and tables.

Observing Station.-The observing station is near the western edge of the eastern of the two eminences which are together called Mount Elgin-the same on which it is proposed to erect the main building of the future Observatory. It is marked by a small pier, erected for the support of the instrument.

Instrument.-The

The instrument used was a portable transit-instrument, adapted for use also as a zenith-telescope. It was made in America, by Messrs. ALVAN CLARK & SONS, for the United States' Transit of Venus Commission, 1874, and it is nuimbered 1505. This instrument is of the Diagonal form, which I believe originated in Russia, and in which the rays of light, instead of'passing straight rom the object to the eye end of the telescope, are bent at right angles by a prism fixed at the unction of the tube and axis, and so pass out at one of the pivots. The great advantage of this form of construction is that the observer occupies the same position no matter what be the zenith-distance of the star under observation. Its disadvantages, which are few, apply more to its use as a transit- nstrument than as a zenith-telescope. Other advantages of this instrument are its easily manageable eversing apparatus and its remarkable stability under reversal.

The telescope has an object-glass of 2.5 inches aperture, and a focal length of about 30 inches; Stars down to the seventh nd the eye-piece commonly used magnifies about 50 diameters.

magnitude can be observed without difficulty. A delicate level and a filar micrometer constitute the zenith-telescope attachment. The level is affixed to one side of the tube, with its length at right angles to the horizontal axis, and revolves on a centre, its indications serving to give a measure of any small change of inclination of the telescope consequent on reversal. The value in arc of one division of this level, as determined at the Washington Naval Observatory, is 1."067.

The micra meter-screw carries three parallel threads perpendicular to the ruled lines of the transit reticule, the middle one of the three being that which is commonly used for measuring differences of zenith distance. The value in arc of one revolution of the screw, as ascertained from numerous careful observations at the Washington Observatory, is 68."698; and, as the graduated screw-head is divided into 100 parts, each of which can be read to tenths by estimation, it affords a measure of .069 of second of arc. The whole number of turns is read off on a comb at the side of the field of view, and these, for convenience, are numbered consecutively from left to right as viewed, the central tooth being Number 20. Parallactic motion is given to the eye-piece by a long-pitched screw, so that start can be accurately observed either on the north or the south of the middle of the field.

Observing-hut.-For shelter, I had a roomy and well-designed portable wooden observatory, with the requisite openings, which was given to me by Lieutenant-Commander GREEN.

Pir. The instrument-pier is of Canton blue bricks set in Portland cement, and rests on a shallow footing of brickwork, but is not isolated below the ground-level, though it has no contact with an part of the hut. This was found to answer very well, no unsteadiness having been perceptible during ordinary movements in the hut.

Zenith-telescope method of determining the Latitude.-In determining the latitude or declination of the zenith by the zenith-telescope method, the general procedure is as follows. Pairs of stars are chosen for observation, such that their meridianal zenith-distances shall be nearly equal, but on op posite sides, north and south, of the zenith, and that they shall pass the meridian within a few minutes of one another. There is no fixed limit to the zenith-distance suitable for this method, but it is desirable not to pass much beyond 25°, and in this determination I have limited myself to within 20o, while the mean for all the pairs observe l is just 8°. For difference of zenith-distance of any pair of stars the usual limit is 20′ of arc, in order that the stars may not be too near the edge of the field, and also that the resulting latitude may not be too largely affected by any error in the adopted value of the micrometer-screw. I have practically conformed to this limit on the present occasion, having in the case of two pairs only passed a little beyond it. The difference of Right Ascension should be not less than one minute, in order to allow time for reading and reversal, and it should not exceed twenty minutes, on account of the risk of instrumental changes in the interval, resulting from changes of temperature. About sixteen minutes is the greatest interval for any pair used in this determination.

Method of observation.---For observing, the instrument, having been previously adjusted carefully to the meridian, and its cross-axis levelled, is clamped at the mean of the zenith-distances of the two stars, and then directed at the proper time to the star which will pass the meridian first of the pair, the bubble of the telescope-level being brought to the middle of its run by the screw for that purpose. This star is bisected with the micrometer thread at or near the moment of its passage over the middle transit thread, the time being noted and, immediately afterwards, the level and micrometer-screw readings. The instrument (telescope and level remaining clamped) is then reversed, and it will evidently now be inclined to the zenith at the same angle as before, but on the opposite side of it, so that the second star will at the proper time appear in the field. This star is bisected at or near t transit, and the chronometer, level and micrometer read as before. The above constitutes one complete observation for latitude.

Advantages and disadvantages of the method.-The chief advantages of this beautiful method over all others are--that it substitutes for measurements of large arcs small micrometric measurements fof difference only of zenith-distance; that the time needs not be accurately known, an error of two or three seconds being of no moment; that possible errors arising from incorrect estimates of refraction are reduced to a minimum, inasmuch as the only term involving refraction which affects the result is the difference of refraction for stars at small and nearly equal zenith-distances; and that the effects of errors of flexure are similarly minimised. Its "weak point," at the present day, is the scarcity; for any station, of stars fulfilling the necessary conditions whose declinations have been determined with high precision. The stars available are mostly of small magnitudes, a circumstance which, though favourable to accurate bisection, presents the drawback that, as compared with the Clock and other Standard stars, they are seldom observed at the fixed observatories, except under special arrangements for this particular purpose.

Selection of Stars, and Computation of Mean Places.-It follows that, when possible, stars from the best catalogues only should be chosen; and, keeping this in view, I have limited myself to using none but stars that have been observed at the Royal Observatory, and whose places are given in the Greenwich Nine-Year Catalogue for 1872. In that catalogue, the Mean Places of the stars are given for the epoch 1872, January 1. Those places have been reduced to the epoch 1882, January the formula,

Mean R.A., 1882, January 1

▲ ÷ (p + q +

100

n + c

where 4 is the star's Mean Right Ascension for 1872, January 1, p its Annual Precession

* The method was invented in 1834, by the late Captain A. TALCOTT, U. S. Engineers,

Right Ascension, s the variation of p in 100 years, q the star's Annual Proper Motion in Right Ascension, n the number of years elapsed, and c the small correction from the Table at page 5 of the Introduction to the Catalogue.

en In this case, n 10, and the formula becomes,

+ c

Mean R.A., 1882, January 1 = A + 10 (p + q) + Similarly, I have computed the Mean North Polar Distances by the formula,

s' + g') + c'.

Mean N.P.D., 1882, January 1 = D + 10 (p′ ÷ 9′) +

where c' is the small correction from the Table at page 27 of the Introduction to the Catalogue.

Forty-eight stars, formed into 28 pairs, were used in the determination, each pair having been observed from one to five times. The average is two times for each pair, making 56 determinations, on eleven nights in January and February. Of these it has only been necessary to reject two as imperfect. The following Table exhibits, for each star, in Column I its name as taken from the Greenwich Nine-Year Catalogue for 1872; in Column II its number in that Catalogue; in Column III its number in the British Association Catalogue; in Column IV its Mean Right Ascension for 1882, January 1, computed as above; and in Column VI its computed Mean North Polar Distance for the same date. Columns V and VII show the number of observations at Greenwich, of Right Ascension and North Polar Distance respectively, in the Nine-Year period 1868 to 1876, which were combined to form the Mean Places given in the Catalogue for 1872, January 1.

TABLE I.

COMPUTED MEAN PLACES OF STARS FOR 1882, JANUARY 1.

Star's Name.

Number in Greenwich Nine-Year

Number in

B. A. C.

Mean R. A., 1882, January 1.

No. of Obs.

of R. A.

Catalogue

for 1872.

Mean N. P. D., 1882, January 1.

No. of

Obs. of

N. P. D.

h. m.

•

}

53 Andromeda

154

502

33 37.187

16 47

Piazzi I. 142.......

157

510

34 36.340

106 Piscium

160

518

35 17.410

101

47 58

43.94

36.40

111 Piscium

175

574

1 47 26.777

23 44.50

57 Andromeda....

19)

628

56 39.541

48 14 13.86

24 Arietis

216

745

Bradley 341

221

755

15 Trianguli

230

786

40 Arietis

258

867

41 Arietis

261

872

.45 Arietis

268

901

58 Arietis

297

999

63 Arietis

311

1045

64 Arietis

313

1052

Tauri

325

1087

38 Persei

310

1188

01 02 01 01 02 01 00 ED CD CD ED

18 29565

55 28.58

20 25.917

28 27.272

79 58 1.05

55 49 41.01

55.189

2.338

10.732

8 7.192

3 15 57.815

3 17 20.433

3 24 21.540

3 36 55.159

52 Tauri...

398

1326

4 13 6.000

61 Tauri

403

1346

4 16

75 Tauri

418

1377

4 21

7.792 41.675

Bradley 019

RENOSUNKORRI

72 12 31.10

63 13 37.28

72 8 50.83

69 23 38.09

69 40 50.94

41 42.30

77 28 7.72

58 5 12.40

62 55 58.43

72 44

7.85

73 54 19.55

•

422

1391

4 2

48.471

74 3 50.87

Piazzi IV. 111

427

1408

4 27

15.083

61 17 13.94

87 Tauri

429

1420

4 29.

8.995 ·

106

73 43 45.22

89 Tauri

433

1432

4 31

24.271

74 12 16.47

92 Tauri

439

1437

4 32

31.606

Piazzi IV. 148

440

1444

4 33 50.650

11 Auriga

182

1692

5 21.264

24 Orionis.

507

1687

48.100

119 Tauri

125 Tauri

519

1726

5 95 17.702

534

1778

5 32

25.422

74 19 1.76 .61 36 54,37 5139 24,90 83 4531,32 71 29 42.01 64 10 13.96

132 Tauri

551

1837

5 41 46.444

65 28 24.69

54 Orionis

562

1876

5 47 28.721

69 44 59.25

58 Orionis

566

1883

5 48 46.976

82 36 58.51

37 Auriga

571

•1909

5 51 40.402

52 47 50,85

67 Orionis

587

1958

0 50.079

75 13 7.22

70 Orionis

594

1990

5 14.020

75 45 58.55

44 Auriga.

601

2001

7 51.473

60 27 36.25

48 Auriga.

620

2082

6 20 58.950

59.26

8.75

49 Auriga...

635

2183

27 46.158

61 53 13.65

24 Geminorum

645

2163

6 30 53.625

54 Geminorun

706

2398

7 il

18.701

73 30 73 14 53.45

4.99

60 Geminorum

724

2442

7 18

23.804

61 58 7.68

b2 Geminorum

783

2469

7m 22

2-.322

61 50 31.02

68 Geminorum

787

2486

7 26

52.352 ·

73: 55

15.25

78 Geminorum

700

2555

7 38

83 Geminorum

774

2617

7 46

5.616 16.463 ·

115

61 41

24.62

107

62 55

48 64

3 Cancri...

782

2659

7 54

1.538

72 22 10.12

9 Cancri..

790

2700

7 59 18.628

67-

1·43.54.

10 Cancri.

792.

2714

0 49.111

4 36.36

Computatum of Apparent Places.-In computing the Apparent Places of the several stars for the several dates of observation, I have used the formula,

Correction to Mean R.A. (in seconds of time)=Ee + Ff Gg Hh + L +1-300 + qt where e, f, g, h, 1 are the constants for each star, given in the Nine-Year Catalogue; E, F, G, H, L the. "Airy's Day Numbers," given for each day in the Nautical Almanac; q the star's Annual Proper Motion in Right Ascension; and t the elapsed fraction of the year corresponding with the given date The small correction for Daily Aberration has been neglected, a very precise knowledge of time being as already stated, unnecessary.

Similarly, for Apparent North Polar Distance,

Correction to Mean N.P.D. (in seconds of arc)=Ee' + Ff + Ggʻ + Hh' + L + l'′−300 +

The Apparent Places thus found are those for Greenwich Mean Midnight of the several dates The results, reduced to the several times of observation, are shown in Table II, further on, which exhibits the computations for latitude.

Routine of observations.-The instrument was erected on the 8th of January, and adjusted to the meridian the same evening. Observations for latitude were taken on the nights of January 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 20, 21, 23, and February 7. Clock and circumpolar stars were also observed on those nights, and the levelling of the cross-axis was carefully attended to. The times were taken with the Mean Solar Chronometer, ARNOLD and DENT, NO. 1,207, kindly lent to me by Commodore CUMING, R.N from H.M.S. Victor Emanuel. It has run pretty steadily. The use of a mean solar timekeeper for stellar observations introduces a great deal of unwelcome labour and complication into the reductions but I had no alternative, as a chronometer rated to sidereal time could not be obtained.

The steadiness of the transit-instrument during frequent use and reversal is shown by the small change of the azimuth errors, which varied only from 6′′.39 W. (horizontal value) on the 9th January to 6′′.95 E. on the 7th February, the azimuth screws not having been touched after the first adjust ment to the meridian; and it would appear from the observations that this change is mainly due to a slow progressive movement of the pier. Such steadiness of a portable instrument on a new and imperfectly isolated pier, extending over a period of 29 days, is very satisfactory.

Investigation for the latitude.-For the latitude reductions, the investigation is as follows:-

Let Zand Z' be the true meridianal zenith-distances of the south and north stars respectively d and d their North declinations, and L the latitude of the place; then,

d + Z

L ď Z'

L = {; (d + d' ) + (Z-Z')...............(1)

Now, let z, z' be the (supposed) observed zenith-distances of the south and north stars; n, s the readings of the north and south ends of the level for the south star, and n', s' those for the north star b the value of one division of the level, in seconds of arc; r the correction for refraction for the south star, and r' that for the north star. And let it be assumed that the horizontal position of the level is that which corresponds to the condition, correction for level = o.

Then, if (as in this case) the graduation of the level proceeds continuously from one extremity towards the object end of the telescope, the central division being 40.00, and if p, p' be the reduc tions to the meridian in cases where the stars have been observed before or after the meridian passage and f, f' the corrections for flexure for either star, it follows that

Z = z − 1 ( n + 8 −

s −80) +r −p +ƒ

Z' = 2' — ' ' ('n' + s' — 80 ) + r' −p' +ƒ'

—

whence,

*** (68) ·-·-·-.,.ƒ— ƒ ) { + (d— ‚d) + (,x−

«) ‡ + {(®− s) + (u−,μ) } ¦ + (x−2) ▼ = (z−z) }

§ &

In the case of the zenith-telescope, z, z′ are

not measured

directly,

but

only

their

difference,

by means of the micrometer. To find the expression for this in terms of the micrometer; let z the zenith distance corresponding to the central position of the micrometer thread; m, m' the micro meter readings for the south and north stars, in revolutions of the micrometer screw; and M the value in seconds of arc, of one revolution of the screw. Then, for that position of the instrument in which increase of micrometer readings corresponds with decrease of zenith distance, it is plain that

·m M - m'M

{ (m' — m) M

(3)

In practice, to avoid confusion of signs, this position was always adhered to. It corresponds with the precept to observe stars Nort of the zenith with Circle East, and those South of the zenith with Circle West.

Then, by (1), (2), (3),

L = b ( d + d') + '§ (m' — m) M + ¦ {(n'−n) + (s′−s) } + 1⁄2 (r−?') + § (p'′− p ) + b ( ƒ — ƒ '.)......(4)

This is the final expression for the latitude. As already mentioned, M-68"698, and b=1."067. The correction to the meridian (p or p') may be computed by the equation,

2 sin 2 i

sin 1"

cos L cos d

sin Z

where i is the star's hour angle from the meridian, east or west; but it has not been necessary to use it in this case, all of the stars having been observed on the meridian, or so nearly so as not to necesitate any correction on that account. The correction for flexure, being only that which is due to the difference of the zenith distances of the two stars, is also inappreciably small, and has been neglected.

The correction for refraction, though small, is appreciable, and has been applied. It is found by the equation,

or, by (3),

↓ (?' — r') = {} {57"7sin (-2) sec 22}

↓ (r−r')=} {57.7sin (m' —m) M sec z} (5)

•

This correction bears the same sign as the quantity m'-m, as appears from this equation, as well as from the consideration that r-r' is positive only when z is greater than z', in which case, under the given conditions, m'-m is also positive.

Tabulation of results.-The observations, reductions and results will be found embodied in the following Table, wherein Column I gives the date of observation; Column II the star's name, as in Table I; Column III its B.A.C. number; Column IV its magnitude, from the Greenwich Nine-Year Catalogue for 1872; Column V its position, North or South of the zenith; Column VI the position of the instrument, Circle East or Circle West; Column VII the star's Apparent Right Ascension at transit over the meridian of the place; Columns VIII, IX the chronometer times of bisection and culmination, to the nearest second; Column X the interval, in chronometer time, between bisection and culmination; Column XI the approximate error of the chronometer for each date; Column XII the micrometer readings, m,m', for the two stars of each pair, in revolutions and parts; Column XIII the quantity (mm); Column XIV, XV the readings of the north and south ends of the level, for both stars of each pair; Column XVI half the difference of the level indications for the two stars, or the quantity (n^—n) + (s′—s)}; Column XVII the star's Apparent Declination at transit over the meridian; Column XVIII half the sum of the declinations for each pair; Columns XIX, XX, XXI the corrections for micrometer, level and refraction, computed as already explained [see equations (4) and (5)]; and Column XXII the resulting value of the latitude from each pair.

B.A.C.

Star's Name

No.

Magnitude

Star, N. or S.

Circle, E. or W.

of L. M. T.

24 Arietis

745 | 5-6 S.

15 Trianguli.

786 | 6-5 N. E.

41 Arietis

872

45 Arietis

901

11 24 Arictis

745

5-6

15 Trianguli......

786 | 6-5 | N. | E.

1224 Arietis

15 Trianguli

....

41 Arietis

872

45 Arietis

901

58 Arietis

999

64 Arietis

1052

6 N.

A Tauri 38 Persei

13, 53 Andromeda... 106 Piscium

111- Piscium

57 Andromedæ...

24 Arietis

745

5-6

15 Trianguli....

786

6-5 N.

58 Arietis

999 4-5 S.

64. Arictis

1052

63 Arietis

1045

5-6 S.

64. Arietis

1052

52 Tauri

1326 5-6 N.

1346

vizi zini vizi cizi zici

vizi vizi zic ca zi vizi viżi viż żuż

h.m.

2 18 31.15

2 28 39.25

h.m. s.

9 3 22

9 13 28

h. m. s.

TABLE II.

OBSERVATIONS AND REDUCTIONS FOR LATITUDE.

Chronometer

time of

Hour Angle

Apparent

R.A.

Bisection

Culmina-

tion

h. m. s. secs.

9 33 22

Chron. fast

Micrometer

Level

(m'~m)

Diff.

Correction for

Apparent

Dec.

North.

1 (d + d')

Micrometer

Level Refraction

Latitude

North

rev.

div.

15.300 + 9.301

7.0

74.0

9 13 28

33.902

69.0

1.0

2.75 10 4 35.82 | 22 7 33.33 | + 10 38.96 34 10 30.85

2.93

+ 0.19 22 18 9.55

20 26.0

N. E.

2 43 4.29 W. 2 49 12,59

9 27 51

9 33 58

14.959

16.191

0.616

75,0 8.0

3.0

70.0

+2.50 26 46 31.59 | 22 18 53.25 0 42.32 17 51 14.92

+ 2.67

0.01 22 18 13.59

W. 2 18 31.13

8 55 27

2 28 39.22

9 533

20 23.0 10.330] + 9.335 29.000

10.5

70.0

60.0

1.0

4.87 10 4 35.69|22 7 33.25 | + 10 41.30 34 10 30.82

5.20

+ 0.1922 18 9.54

W. 2 18 31.12

745 5-6 S. 786 | 6-5 N. | E.

8 51 30

8 51 31

7.475 +9.257

2 28 39.21

9 137

25.990

18.0 66.0 68.3 (20.0

+ 1.07 10 4 35.63 22 7 33.21 | + 10 35.94 34 10 30.80

+ 2.14

+ 0.19 22 18 10.48

2 43 4.25

N. E.

4 W. | 2 49 12.55

9 15 59

9 16 0

16.575

- 0.618

9 22 7

17.811

19.0

65,5

15.5 63.0

+ 1.50 26 46 31.49 | 22 18 53.13 17 51 14.78

—

0 42.46

+ 1.60

0.01 22 18 12.26

$2 0 22.7

4-5 S. W. 3 8 9.17

9 41 1

941 0

28.285 8.038

27.0

53.0

3 17 22.52

9 50 12

12.209

53.0

27.0

0,00 20 36 27.53 | 22 27 25.76 24 18 24.00

9 12.21

0.00

0.16 22 18 13.39

2-3 | N. | E.

W. 3 24 23.50

1087 4 3 36 57.52

1138 4 N, E.

502 5 N. E. 518 5-4 S.

-574 4

628

9 57 10

10 9 44

9 57 12

12.860 +4.235

28.0

71.0

10 9 44

21.330

58.7

15.7

6.15 12 31 54.60 | 22 13 24.80 | + 4 50.94 31 54 55.00

6.56

+ 0.09 22 18 9.27

1 33-38.75 W. 1 35 18.64

W. 1 47 28.06 1 56 41.34

8 248

8 2 48

6.702

7.005

61.2

18.2

8 430

8 428

20.712

14.4

57.3

+ 1.92 39 58 59,29 | 22 26 13.30 4 53 27.32

8 1.23

+ 2.05

0.15 22 18 13.97

8 16 34

8 16 35

13.790 + 6.105

20.0 63.0

+ 1.40

8 25 47

26.000

65.8

22.8

2 36 18.04 22 11 9.85 + 659.40 41 46 1.66

+ 1.49

+ 0.14 22 18 10.87

2 18 31.10

8 47 34

8 47 33

6.880 + 9.195

17.0

60.5

>20 21.6

2 28 39.19

8 57 40

25.270

72.0

28.5

+ 5.75 10 4 35.5622 7 33,17 | + 10 31.68 34 10 30.79

+ 6.14

+ 0.19 22 18 11,18

W. 3 8 9.16

937 4

9 37 3

27.933]

8.090 19.0

62.2

N. E.

3 17 22.51

9 46 15

11.753

71.2

27.8

+ 4.45 20.36 27.49 | 22 27 25.73 24 18 23.97

9 15.77

+ 4.75

- 0.16 22 18 14.55

W. | 3 15 59.82

9 44 53

12.942

0.595). 19.6

63.0

N. E.

891

REZTV. 111

9 46 15

3 17 22.51 9 46 15 4 13 8.42 10 33 58 | 10 33 58 W. 4 16 10.05|10 37, 0| 10 36 59 W 4 23 50.74 10 4489 10 1188. * 4 27-17 60130 48 <120 piu

11.752

71.2

27.8

+ 4.10 20 19 14,17| 22 18 49.07 24 18 23.97

0 40.87

+ 4.37

0.01 22 18 12.56

22.648

8.458

7.095 66.8 14,0 4.3

57.2

+34.82 274 5.41 22 9 59.28 53.15

817,415.14

0.14 22 18 11.97

2.019.0

25.528

1.089 140

67.0

13.56 9,86

1929.39

114.81

1.170,03 22 18 13.37

23.344

01.6

AND REDUCTIONS FOR LATITUDE,-Continued.

SERVATIONS AND REDUCTIONS FOR LATITUDE, Con

Continued

B.A.C.

Star's Name

No.

Magnitudea

Star, N. or S.

Circle, E.or W

Chronomoter

Apparent

time of

R.A.

Bisection

Culmina-

tion

Hour Angle

Chron. fast

of L. M. T.

Micrometer

Level

} (m'-m)

Diff.

Apparent

Dec.

1 (d + d')

North.

Correction for

Micrometer Level Refraction

Latitude

North

h. m.

h. m. s.

secs.

h. m. s.

rev.

Pazzi IV.

92; Tauri

1408

1437

119 Tauri

|125 Tauri

மம் மே

N. E.

4 27 17.60 10 48 410 48 5 5. S. W. | 4 32 33.90 | 10 53 21 | 10 53 20

rev. dir. div. 23.344 +5.460 64.8 11.8 12.421 6.5 59.5

div.

+ 2,65 28 42 49.41 22 11 53.67 +6 15.09 15 40 57.93

+ 2.83

0.11 22 18 11.70

1726 6-5 S. 1778 6 N. E.

W. | 5 25 20.24 | 11 45 58 11 45 58

12.120 +7.006 18.8

66.2

5 32 28.13|11 53 511 53 4

› 2 0 19.0

26.133

83.6

36.2

+ 8.70 18 30 15.35 22 9 59.86 | + 8 1.30 25 49 44.37

+ 9.28

+ 0.13 22 18 10.57

132 Tauri

54 Orionis..

16 Piazzi I. 142.. 111 Piscium

111 Piscium

57 Andromedæ..

58 Arietis

64 Arictis

63 Arictis

64 Arietis

1837 5-6 N. 1876 5-4 S.

510 G N. E. 574 4 S. W.

574 4 S. W. 628 2-3 N. E.

999 4-5 S. W. 1052 6 N. E.

1045 5-6 S. W. 1052 6 N. E.

E. 5 41 49.14 12 224 12 224 W. | 5 47 26.35 12 8 112 8 0 1 34 37.89 7 51 56

•

10.885 4.440 65.5 19.765

12.0

13.2

66.6

0.57 24 31 32.76 | 22 23 14.92 20 14 57.09

5 5.02

—

0.61

0.08 22 18 9.21

75 1 56

1 47 28.02

8 446

8 444 2

8.122 0.605 67.3 14.7 9.343 14.2 66.7

+ 0.27 42 1 32.25 22 18 55.03 2 36 17.82

0 41.56

+ 0.29

0.01 22 18 13.75

1 47 28.02

8 446

8 414

1 56 41.28

8 13 56

8 13 55

21.584

3 8 9.12

9 25 12

3 17 22.47

3 15 59.78

3 17 22.47

9 34 23

9 33 1

9 34 23

9 25 12

9 34 23

9 33 1

9 34 23

2017.6

29.115 - 8,050

13.015

14.125 0.555

13.015

9.3436.120 14.2 66.7 70.5 18.0

11.2 65.0

68.3 14.5

12.5 66.5

68.3 14.5

1.90

2 36 17.82 22 11 9.68 + 7 0.43 41 46 1.55

+ 2.03

+ 0.13 22 18 12.27

+ 1.65 20 36 27.38 22 27 25.62 24 18 23.87

9 13.02

+ 1.76

0.16 22 18 14.20

+ 0.95 20 19 14.03 22 18 48.95 24 18 23.87

0 38.13

+ 1.01

0.01 22 18 11.82

fTauri

1087

38 Persci

1138

W. |3 24 23.44 3 36 57.46

9 41 24

9 41 23

417 Piazzi I. 142..

111 Piscium

20 | 75 Tauri

Piazzi IV. 148 .

132 Tauri

54 Orionis.

87 Tauri Piazzi IV. 148

11 Auriga 24 Orionis.

119 Tauri

125 Tauri

1420 1 S. W. 1444 6-5 N. E.

1602 6-5 N. E. 1687 2 S. ❘ W.

1726 6-5

1778 G

S. W.

N.E.

1837 5-6 N. E. 18765-4 S. | W

5 5 24.1911 6 2011 621 5 18 50.42 11 19 44 11 19 45

5 25 20.20 | 11 26 13 | 11 26 13 5 32 28.0911 33 19 11 33 20

5 41 49.11 11 42 39 5 47 26.32 | 11 48 15

510 6 N. E. 1 34 37.87 574 4 S. W. 1 47 28.01 1377 6-7 S. W. | 4 21 43.88 1444 | 6-5 | N. | E. 4 33 59.15 4 29 11.24 10 30 15 10 30 14 4 33 59.1510 35 110 35 1

9 53 55

15.850 + 4.162

24.175

13.0 66.9

66.8 12.9

-0.05 12 31 54.391 22 13 24.71 | + 4 45.92 31 54 55.03

0.05

+ 0.08 22 18 10.66

7 47 58

7 47 59

2016.716,000|

8 046

10 22 48 10 22 47 1 10 35.1|10 35 1

8 047

17.251

0.625 65.3

13.7

15.5

65.0

+ 0.52 42 1 32.20 22 18 54.97 2 36 17.75

0 42.94

+ 0.55

0.01 22 18 12.57

2014,216.343 + 3.310]

22.963

13.0 67.4 65.6 11.3

25.540 1.288 11.0 65.6 22.963 65.6 11.3

0.87

16 5 40.64 | 22 14 24.59 +3 47.39 28 23 8.55

0.93

+ 0.0722 18 11.12

+ 0.07 16 16 14.63 22 19 41.59 28 23 8.55

1 28.48

+ 0.07

0.03 22 18 13.15

18.735 +0.612 71.2 12.0 + 0.30 38 20 38.28 22 17 30.89 + 17.511 11.5 70.5 6 14 23.51

0 42.04

+ 0.30

+ 0.01 22 18 13.24

2014.2

14.501 7.128 11.3 70.2 + 0.07

11 42 40

11 48 16

28.757

70.3

12.078 4.471 71.8 21.020 10.2

11.5

18 30 15.26 22 9 59.85 + 8 9.68 25 49 44.45

+ 0.07

+ 0.14 22 18 9.74

13.0 + 1.37 24 31 32.83 22 23 14.94 69.1 20 14 57.06

5 7.15 1.46

0.08 22 18 9.17

OBSERVATIONS AND REDUCTIONS FOR LATITUDE,—Continued.

B.A.C.

Star's Name

No.

Magnitude

Star, N. or S.

Circle, E. or W.

Chronometer

time of

Apparent

R.A.

Bisection

Culmina-

tion

Hour Angle

Chron, fast

of L. M. T.

Micrometer

Level

(m'-m)

Diff.

Apparent

Dec.

North.

Correction for

1/2 (d ‡ d')

Latitude

North

Micrometer

Level

Refraction

h.m.

Ꮥ

h, m. s.

}.m. s.

secs.

20 67 Orionis 44 Auriga

1958

W. 6 0 52.46|12 14012 1 40

h. m. s.

2014.2

rev.

div.

13.181+ 7.526 10.8

70.0

1.02

2001

5-4 N. | E.

6 7 54,35 12 840 12 840

28.233

67.5

9.2

14 46 47.27 22 9 33.75 + 8 37.02 29 32 20.24

#!/

1.09

+ 0.15 22 18 9.83

21 Bradley 619

1391

Piazzi IV. 111

1408

♡ cr

5 S.

N. E.

4 23 50.68

4 27 17.55

10 20 59

10 24 24

10 20 58

25.705

1.247 17.6

65.4

10 24 25

23.210j

83.2

35.6

+ 8.95 15 56 9.14 22 19 29.32 28 42 49.51

1 25.66

+ 9.58

· ̧0.02 | 22 18 13.22

Piazzi IV. 111

...

89 Tauri

1408

1432

N. E.

4 27 17.55

10 24 24

10 24 25 |

W. 4 31 26.51 | 10 28 33

10 28 33

23.210 + 2.303 83:2 18.603

35.6

3.4

51.1

+ 16.07 28 42 49.51 | 22.15 16.30 | + 15 47 43.09

238.21

+ 17.15

+ 0.0422 19 11.70

11 Auriga

1602 6-5 N. E.

24 Orionis

1687- 2 S.

5 5 24.18 11 22411 225 W. 5 18 50.41 | 11 15 49 11 15 49

18.073 + 0.609 71.2

13.5

20 14.9

16.854

9.3

67.3

2.02 38 20 38.34 22 17 30.89 + 041.84 6 14 23.44

+ 2.16

+ 0.01 22 18 14.90

58 Orionis

1883 Var.

37 Aurigæ

1900

W. | 5 48 49.40|11 45 44 5 51*43.46 | 11 48 36

11 45 43

19.960 + 0.516

6.3

72.3

5.10

11 48 37

20.992

82.5

16.5

7 22 55.14 22 17 31,82 | + 37 12 8.50

0 35.45

+, 5.44

+ 0.01 22 18 12.72

70 Orionis

1990

5-1 S.

48 Auriga

2082 | 6-5 | N. | E.

6 5.16.5812 2 7 12 2 8 6 21 1.88 12 17 53 | 12 17 51

26.222

16.432

—

4.895 19.5 61.3 60.8 17.0

1.50 14 13 55.74| 22 23 51.45 30 33 47.16

5 36.28

1.60

0.10 22 18 13.17

23 | 24 Ariotis.

15. Trianguli......

745 5-6

2 18 30.97

8 6

8 8 6

10.253 +9.254 13.7

60.7

7866-5

2 28 39.03

8 18 12

28.761

64.2

16.9

1.67 10 4 34.91 22 7 32.71 + 10 35.73 34 10 30.51

+ 1.78

+ 0.19 22 18 10.41

Bradley 341 15 Trianguli.

755

S. W.

2 20 27.33

8 10 3

8 10 2

8.023 +10.369 13.7

60.7

7866-5

N. E.

2:28 39.03

8 18 12

28.761

6.1.2

16.9

1.67 10 2 2.32 22 6 16.41 34 10 30.51

+ 11 52.33

+ 1.78

+ 0.21 122 18 10.73

40 Arietis

867 6-7 S. | W.

| 2 41 56.82

8 31 28

10.987 + 0.816 10.0

58.0

41 Arietis

872

N. E.

243 4.10

8 32 36

8 32 35

12.620

85.0

36.9

+ 13.47 17 47-34.25 | 22 17 2.69+ 0 56.06 26 46 31.14

+14.37

+ 0.02|22 18 13.14

41 Arictis

872

45 Arietis

901

2 43 4.10

8 32 36

8 32 35

12.620

W. 2 49 12.42

8 38 43

14.305

2013.4

63 Arietis

64 Arietis

1045

5-6 S.

W. 3 15 59.70

9 5 26

9 525

14.684

1052

N. E.

3 17 22.38

9 6 47

9 6 48

13.148

0.842.85.0 36.9 2.4 50.2

0.618)* 12.5 | 60.3 73.3 25.6

+ 17.32 26 46 31:14 | 22 18 52.70 17 51 14.26

0 57,85

+18.48

0,02 |22 18 13.31

+ 6.52 20 19 13.81 | 22 18 48.73 24 18 23.65

0 42.46

+ 6.96

-0.01 22 18 13.22

Tauri

88 Persei

52 Tauri

61 Tauri

276 Tauri

JV148

9 13 48 9 13 48

1087 4 S. W. 3 24 23.37 9 26 19 19 26 20 | 1

1138 3 36 57.37

N. E.

4 4 13 8.33 10 224 10 2 25|1;

1326 | 5-6 | N. | E. S. W. 4 16 9.97 10 5 26 10 5 26

1346 G

1377 6-7 S. | W. 1444 | 6-5 | N.

15.438 + 4.069 16.6 23.577

64.3

77.4

30.0

+ 6.62 12 31 54.02, 22 13 24.55 | + 4 39,53 31 54 55.08

+ 7.06

+ 0.08 [22 18 11,22

23.436 + 7.129 71.2

9.178

14.7

8.5 64.8

73.15 27 14 5.44 22.9 59.16 17 15 52.89

8 975

3.36

0.11

| 4 21 43.85 | 10:10 59| 10 10 59 4 33 59.12 10.28 11:10 23 13

16.549

294 136 70.0 +0.25 165 40.55 22 14 24.57 70 4 14.2 370 28 2348.00

3.46.29

0.07

| |

14.2

28.23 8.6O

8.60

OBSERVATIONS AND REDUCTIONS FOR LATITUDE,——Continued.

Date

B.A.C.

Star's Name

No.

Magnitude

Star, N. or S.

Circle, E. or W.

$1882

3 87 Tauri

Piazzi IV. 148

1420 1 1444 | 6-5 | N. | E.

Apparent

R.A.

.Bisection

h. m. s.

h. m. s. 4 29 11.21 | 10 18 25 4 33 59.12 | 10 23 11

Culmina-

tion

h. m. s. secs. 10 18 25

10 23 13

h. m. s.

2013.425.730

Chronometer

time of

Hour Angle

Chron, fast

of L. M. T.

Micrometer

Lovel

} (m'-m)

Diff.

Apparent

Dec.

North.

1 (d + d')

Correction for

Micrometer Lovel Refraction

Latitude

North

rev.

rev. div.

―

1.296

23.138

div.

13.0 69.4 70.4 14.2

div.

+ 0.55 16 16 14.53 22 19 41.56 28 23 8.60

1 29.03

0.59

0.0322 18 13.09

Feb.

711 Auriga 24 Orionis.

119 Tauri

125 Tauri

132 Tauri

54 Orionis.

58 Orionis

37 Auriga

67 Orionis...

44 Auriga

49 Auriga

24 Geminorum

...

17266-5 S. W. 1778 6 N. E.

1837 5-6 N. 1876 5-4 S. 1883 Var. S. W. | 5 48 49.27. 10 38 32 | 10 38 30| 2 1900 3 'N. E. 5 51 43.30 10 41 22 | 10 41 23 1 1958 6 S. W. 2001 5-4 N. | E.

2133" | 6-5 | N. | E. 2163 | 2-3 | S. W. 54 Geminorum 2398 4-3 S. 60 Geminorum 2442

1602 6-5 N. | E. 5 5 23.96 9 55 10 9 55 11 1687 2 S. | W. | 5 18 50.25 | 10 8 36 10 8 35| 5 25 20.0510 15 410 15 4 5 32 37.95│10 22 10 10 22 11 1

17.160 +0.568-

16.024

60.0

18.5

22.6

56.2

+ 1.97 38 20 39.29 | 22 17 30.80 6 14 22.32

+ 0 39.02

+ 2.10

+ 0.01 22 18 11.93

↑

12.879 + 7.126| 23.0 27.131

61.0

62.9 25.0

+ 0.97 18 30 14.95 22 9 59.85 + 8 9.51 25.49 44.75

+ 1.03

+ 0.14 | 22 18 10.56

5 41 49.98 | 10 31 30 | 10 31 30 5 47 26.2010 37 710 37 7

12.580 4.557

21.695

62.6 23.5

6.0 45.2

+ 8.72 24 31 33.05 22 23 14.99 20 14 56.93

5 13.06

+ 9.30

0.09 22 18 11.14

18.645 +0.656

19.958

22.5 62.0 53.2 13.6

4.42

7 22 54.06 | 22 17 31.89 + 37 12 9.73

0 45.07

4.72

+ 0.02 22.18 12,26

6 0 52.53 | 10 50 31 | 10 50 31

7 54.23 10 57 30 | 10 57 30

12.308 + 7.148

27.205

20.6 60.3 68.0 28.5

3.90 14 46 46.72 22 9 33.92 + 831.66 29 32 21.13

+ 4.16

+ 0.15 22 18 9.89

6 27 48.96 11 17 22 | 11 17 23 6 30 56.21 | 11 20 29 | 11 20 30 W. | 7 11 21.4012 0 48 7 18 26.74 12 7 52

1 59 51.6

25.496 + 0.001 25.493

57.3 19.4

22.0 60.0

1.32 28 6 42.07 | 22 18 14.90 | + 16 29 47.73

0 0.07

1.41

0.00 22 18 13.56

12 0 48

12 7 52

24.588

4.547

20.6

61.2 +

15.494

70.4

30.7

4.82 16 44 57.12 | 22 23 20.86 28 1 44.60

5 12.37

+ 5.14

0.09 22 18 13.54

54 Geminorum ¿1⁄2. Geminorum

68 Geminorum 78 Geminorum

83 Geminorum 3 Cancri

2398 | 4-3

2469

7 11 21.40 12 0 48 12 0 48 7 22 31.26| 12 11 56 | 12 11 56

24.588

7.883

20.6

61.2 +

8.822

64.2 24.6

1.75 16'44 57.12 22 27 9.09 28 9 21.06

9 155

+ 1.17

0.16 22 18 9.25

2486 | 6-5

2555

1-2

N. E.

7 26 55.08 | 12 16 20 7 38 8.58 12 27 31

12 16 19

6.225 + 5.868

22.5

62.3

2 27 31

17.962

61.5

21.7

0.40 16 4 34.39 | 22 11 30.39 | + 28 18 26.40

6 43.12

0.43

+ 0.11 22 18 13.19

9 Cancri

10 Cancri

2617 5 N. E. 2659 6 S. | W.

2700 | 6-7 | N. | E. 2714 6-5 S. W.

7 46 19.42 12 35 40 12 35 40 [7 54 4.3312 43 24 | 12 43 24

14.641

- 2.334

19.310

61.7 21.8

17.6 57.5

+ 2.10 27 4 1.65 22 20 50.00 17 37 38.36

2 40.34

+ 2.24

0.0822 18 11.82

7 59 21.51 8 051.98 12 50 11 | 12 50 11

12 48 40 12 48 40

9.515

23.869

7.177 59.5 19.5

40.5 80.5

10.50 22 58 5.37 | 22 26 38.84. 21 55 12.32

8 13.05

- 11.20

0.13 22 18 14.46

N-M

=.455

N-M

..(6)

Table III, below, exhibits the steps of the process for determining .

TABLE III.

TO FIND THE PROBABLE ERROR OF OBSERVATION..

No. of pair

Stars of the pair; B. A. C. Nos.

Seconds of latitude

Means

Tail

9.55

0.68

9.54

0.69

715-786

10.48

10.23

0.25

11.18

0.95

10.41

0.18

13.59

0.54

872-901

12.26

13.05

0.79

13.31

0.26

502-518

13.97

13.39

0.65

999-1052

14.55

14.05

0.50

14.20

0.15

10.66

0.28

1087-1138

9.27

10.38

1.11

11.22

0.84

12.27

571-628

0.70

11.57

10.87

0.70

12.56

0.03

1045-1052

11.82

12.53

0.71

13.22

0.69

11.97

1326-1346

0.22

12.19

.0434

12.41

0.22

0184

13.37

1391-1408

0.08

13.29

10061

13.22

0.07

.0049

1408-1437

11.70

10.57

0.28

.0784

1726-1778

9.74

10.29

0.55

.3025%

10.56

0.27

0729

9.21

0.63

.3969

1837-1876

9.17

9.84

0.67

4489

11.14

1.30

1.6900

13.75

510-574

0.59

3481

13.16

12.57

0.59

.3481

11.12

0.01

1377-1444

11.16

0016

11.20

0.04

.0016

13.15

0.03

1420-1444

0009

13.12

13.09

0 03

.0009

13.24

0.12

0144

1602-1687

14.90'

13.36

1.54

2.3716

11.93

1.43

2.0449

9.83

1958-2001

0.03

*.000945

9:86

9.89

0.03

0009

1408-1432

11.70

12.72

0.23

2272* * * * *

1893-1900

12.49

.0529.

12.26

0.23

.0529

1990-2082

13.47

755-786

10.73

867- 872

13.14

2133-2163

9.89

2398-2442

13.56

2398-2469

9.25

2486-2555

13.19

2617-2659

11.82

2700-2714

14.46

Ꮴ

15.9288

...

Let »

higher coroplete

Probable error of observation. -On the assumption that the pr observation is the same for every pair of stars, a comparison of the results in the above Table furnishes means for determining its mean value from all the pairs, thus.

be the several differences for any pair between the several results for latitude from that pair (of which there have been n observations) and the mean result from that pair; and let such differences or residuals be similarly taken out for all of the pairs which have been observed more than once; and let V be the sum of the squares of all these residuals, N the total number of determinations, A the total number of pairs observed more than once, and (=.6745) the factor for reduction of mean to probable errors. Then e, the probable error of observation, is found by the formula,

جمع

N-M

Ꮴ

=.455

N-M

(6)

Table III, below, exhibits the steps of the process for determining V.

TABLE III.

TO FIND THE PROBABLE ERROR OF OBSERVATION.

No. of pair

Stars of the pair; B. A. C. Nos.

Seconds of latitude

Means

9.55

0.68

.4624

9.54

0.69

.4761.

745-786

10.48

10.23

0.25

.0625

11.18

0.95

.9025

10.41

0.13

.0324

13.59

0.54

.2916

872-901

12.26

13.05

0.79

.6241

13.31

0.26

.0676

502-518

13.97

13.39

0.65

.4225

999-1052

14.55

14.05

0.50

.2500

14.20

0.15

.0225

10.66

0.28

.0781

1087-1138

9.27

10.38

1.11

1.2321

11.22

0.84

.7056

12.27

574-628

11.57

0.70

.4900

10.87

0.70

.4900

12.56

0.03

.0009

1045-1052

11.82

12.53

0.71.

.5041

13.22

0.69

.4761

11.97

1326-1346

12.19

0.22

.0484

12.41

0.22

.0484

13.37

1391-1408

13.29

0.08

.0064

13.22

0.07

.0049

1408-1437

11.70

10.57

0.28

.0784

1726-1778

9.74

10.29

0.55

.3025

10.56

0.27

.0729

9.21

0.63

.3969

1837-1876

9.17

9.84

0.67

.4489

11.14

1.30

1.6900

13.75

510-574

0.59

13.16

.3481

12.57

0.59

.3481

11.12

1377-1444

0.01

11.16

.0016 -

11.20

0.04

.0016

13.15

1420-1444

0.03

13.12

.0009

13.09

0 03

.0009

13.24

0.12

0144;

1602-1687

14.90'

13.36

1.54

2.3716

11.93

1.43

2.0449

9.83

1958-2001

0.03

.0009

9.86

9.89

0.03

.0009

1408-1432

11.70

12.72

0.23

1893-1900

.0529

12.49

12.26

0.23

.0529

1990-2082

13.47

ខ្លួន ... គ

Here, V

15.9288, N= 42, M16; whence, by (6), e = 0′′. 53

This value of the probable error of a single determination not only illustrates the high excellence of the method, but also exhibits a very satisfactory agreement with the adopted value (e 0". 50) in the United States' Coast Survey Department, where the method has been in use for some 35 years.

Determination of the Final Latitude.-The probable error of observation having been thus cal- culated, the observations can now be combined by weights in the usual way, and the final latitude and its probable error ascertained, as follows, it being assumed that the North Polar Distances in the Nine- Year Catalogue are correct.

Let n be the number of determinations of latitude from a pair of stars, I the mean resulting latitude from those determinations, w the weight of this mean (=), and w/ the product of the weight into the latitude; and let these quantities be taken out for the whole of the pairs observed. Then, if I be the sum of the weights, and X the sum of the values of wl, for all the pairs, the final latitude, Lo, is found by the formula,

..(7) W

Then, to find the probable error of L.; let v for each pair be the difference between L. and the value of 1 for that pair; wv the product of w for that pair into the square of the residual v; V the sum of the values of wv2 for all the pairs observed; M the number of pairs; and e' the probable error of Lo; then,

e'2.455

Ꮴ (M-1) W

.(8).

being 4e2

1.12—

The following Table shows the steps of these computations,

TABLE IV.

FINAL LATITUDE AND PROBABLE ERROR.

No. of pair

No. of obs.

1.12

wv2

123 10 6 10

4.46

10.23

45.64

1.68

12.59

2.68

13.05

34.97

1.14

3.48

0.89

13.97

12.43

2.06

3.78

2.68

14.05

37.65

2.14.

12.27

2.68

10.38

27.82

1.53

6.27

1.79

11.57

20.71

0.34

0.21

2.68

12.53

33.58

0.62

1.03

1.79

12.19

21.82

0.28

0.14

1.79

13.29

23.79

1.38

3.41

0.89

11.70

10.41

0.21

0.04

2.68

10.29

27.58

1.62

7.03

2.68

9.84

26.37

2.07

11.48

1.79

13.16

23.56

1.25

2.80

1.79

11.16

19.98

0.75

1.01

1.79

13.12

23.48

1.21

2.62

2.68

13.36

35.80

1.45

5.63

17.

1.79

9.86

17.65

2.05

7.52

0.89

11.70

10.41

0.21

0.04

1.79

12.49

22.36

0.58

0.60

0.89

13.47

11.99

1.56

2.17

0.89

10.73

9.55

1.18

1.24

0.89

13.14.

11.69

1.23

1.35

0.89

9.89

8.80

2.02

3.63

0.89

13.56

12.07

1.65

2.42

0.89

9.25

8.82

2.66

6.30

0.89

13.19

11.74

1.28

1.46

0.89

11.82

10.52

0.09

0.01

0.89

14.46

12.87

2.55

5.79

— 48.22

574.06

= 106.32

Here W 48.22, X574".06, V 106".32, and M = 28.

Whence, by (7) and (8),

Therefore,

11".91 0.19

Latitude of centre of oBSERVING PIER

22° 18' 11".91 +0".19

(0".19 19.2 feet)..

It is important that care be taken to obtain and record the true bearing and distance in feet of the centre of the pier from a fixed point in the proposed Observatory, such as the centre of the pier for the transit-instrument in that building.

I may also point out that it will be interesting hereafter to obtain, by means of a small triangula tion across the harbour, the measured difference of latitude between Lieutenant Commander GREEN SE pier on the North Barrack Parade ground and my pier on Mount Elgin. Such measurement will afford a means of comparing the observed latitudes at the two places, as soon as his results have been made known; and the difference between the observed and measured differences should show the extent by which his observations have been affected by local attraction.

Hongkong, 24th February, 1882.

H. SPENCER PALMER

Major, R. E.

Administrative Reports - 1881