Directory_and_Chronicle_1933_Part_023

Early in January, 1925, Sun Yat-sen, while still attending the Peace Con- ference in Peking, was reported to be seriously ill and on March 12th, news of his death was received in Canton. Hostilities commenced between the Kuomintang forces and those of Chen Chiung-ming in February. Under General Chiang Kai-shek who commanded the Russian instructed and officered Whampoa Cadets, remarkable progress was made along the East River and. Swatow was finally captured. The troops of Chen's party were utterly demoralized and retreated to the borders of Kiangsi and Fukien. During the absence of the Cantonese armies, however, the Yunnanese and Kwangsi troops under General Yang Hsi-min and Liu Chen-huan returned from the East River front to Canton, where, declaring that the Kuomintang party was introducing Bolshevik principles, they seized the city north of the river, the Honam quarter south of the river remaining in the hands of General Li Fuk- lam, who remained faithful to the Kuomintang cause. Hu Han-min, the Civil Governor, fled to Whampoa. On the return of the army from Swatow a battle took place in which General Chiang Kai-shek's cadets with the help of their Russian leaders crossed the river and signally defeated the Yunnanese and Kwangsi soldiers in the streets of Canton. With their entry into the city it appeared only too evident that Bolshevist influence was dominating the Kuomintang. Especially against the British and Hongkong, which had been believed by the Kuomintang to be sympathetic not only to the Chen Chung-ming but also to the Yunnanese and Kwangsi parties, was a bitter propaganda directed. The intensity of anti-foreign feeling expressed, com-

bined with atrocities against the defeated Yunnanese actually witnessed by Europeans from the Shameen side of the Defence Creek, caused the greatest alarm among all foreign residents. Following on the incident of the 30th May, at Shanghai where the Municipal Police fired on a crowd mainly com- posed of students and many were killed and wounded, a mass demonstration was organised in Canton against the 'Imperialistic Policy' of England, America and Japan and a general strike proclaimed, all Chinese leaving Shameen. On the 23rd June a monster procession moved slowly past the barricaded bridges of Shameen, shouting threats and defiance, at the sailors and marines who had been landed from British and French gunboats to prevent a threatened entry on to the two Concessions. At the end of the procession several hundred of Chiang Kai-shek's victorious Whampoa Cadets appeared and, to the horror of eyewitnesses, shots suddenly rang out. Instantly pandemonium reigned." Thousands of shots were exchanged. A French merchant, M. Pasquier, was killed and several foreigners, among them the Commissioner, of Customs, wounded. On the Chinese side of the Creek the casualties under the fire of the French and British sailors were more severe. Fifty eight were killed and a hundred wounded. All intercourse between the settlement and city now ceased. The local Government. lodged bitter protests with, the British and French Consulates-General and set forth five demands which included the rendition to the Kwangtung Government of the Foreign Concessions on Shameen, the. punishment of the naval officers concerned and the dismissal of the British Consul-General. The threats of sections on the Chinese side appeared to war- rant the island assuming an attitude of defence, and, with sandbags and barbed wire and with volunteers and Indian troops landed from Hongkong, Shameen became, and for some four months remained, a fortified camp dependent en- tirely on itself for all essential services and on Hongkong by means of naval craft for all supplies. On July 1st a new Government, the Nationalist Gov- ernment formed on the Bolshevist system of Committees, entered office. The Political Council consisted of 16 leading members of the Kuomintang with Wang Ching-wei as Chairman. On August 20th Liao Chung-kai, Minister. of Finance, was assassinated at the entrance of the Kuomintang Headquarters. Various suspects were arrested including Liang Hung-kai, an important Can- tonese Commander and substantial rewards offered for the capture of Ngai Bong-ping, ex-Commissioner of Police and others. General Chen Chiung- ming again rose and capturing Swatow and Waichow, which were lightly defended, commenced as advance towards Canton down the East River. He was, however, again crushed by General Chiang Kai-shek's superiority in foreign-trained troops early in November. During this month the sorely-- tried residents of Shameen, after a twently weeks' 'siege' began to find some relief in the gradual return of a few of their servants and a general im- provement in feeling generally. No further incident had occured and the: bridges were partially opened and defence precautions somewhat relaxed. Negotiations were tentatively open between Hongkong and Canton merchants* aiming at an end of the strike-boycott and of a situation in which both sides were suffering but they proved abortive. The boycott was maintained, with the help of labour pickets until October 1926 when it was declared ter- minated by the Kuomintang Government. Although the suppression of the pickets gave greater freedom to trade, business generally suffered throughout the year owing to constant labour disputes and the heavy burden of taxation imposed in order to provide financial support for the expedition which Gen-` eral Chiang Kai-shek led against the North. With the establishment of the Kuomintang headquarters at Wuhan the Yangtsze became the centre of political and military activity of the nationalists. Compared with 1925 and 1926 the year 1927 was comparatively peaceful and except for political tension and increasing taxation trade continued unhampered. General Li Tsai-hsin, whọ was in charge of affairs, was driven from office by General Chang Fat-fui n' November, but the coup was effected in a day with comparatively little fighting and the change did not adversely influence the ordinary business routine In December there was a rising' of the Red elements. They captured the city

and held it for three days, but were then driven out by the Government troops. The city for a short period was given over to wholesale looting, over 5,000 lives were lost and millions of dollars worth of property destroyed. Fires were purposely started by the Reds in more than ten places and blocks and blocks of buildings were razed to the ground.

.... 1928..

During 1928 Canton itself was comparatively peaceful, but general un- certainty prevailed owing to the compaign up country between Chang Fat- fui's Ironsides", and a coalition of the 8th and 11th Armies under Li Tsai- hsin and Chen Ming-shu, respectively. The latter prevailed and set up a joint Government in Canton. An era of progress then started. The "strike pickets" were dissolved, all trade unions with Communist affiliations were proscribed, the students were forbidden to take part in politics and "Reds" were vigorously hunted down and executed. Big improvements were undertaken in the city, new maloos being built and slum areas cleared, the installation of a new waterworks and piping system was started, by contracts being let out to English and German firms. A bridge between Honam and the mainland was planned and also a number of Government Offices. Most of these projects. have been persistently furthered despite the troubles of 1929. Of equal im- portance was the stern deflation policy, under which millions of notes col- lected in taxes were withdrawn from circulation. In March 1928, the quarrel. with Hongkong was finally ended by an exchange of formal and very cordial visits between Marshal Li Tsai-hsin, and Sir Cecil Clementi, Governor of Hongkong.

Early in 1929 Marshal Li Tsai hsin went to Nanking to attend the Dis bandment Conference and to act as mediator between Nanking and his col- league, Li Tsung-jen, military Governor of Hankow, who had recently effected a coup d'etat in the latter city Marshal Li was detained by President Chiang Kai-shek, on a charge of complicity in the revolt of the Kwangsi militarists. Li Tsai-hsin's colleagues in Canton sent an ultimatum to Nanking, but on the return of Chen Ming-shu from Nanking, the Kwangsi party was ejected from Canton and allegiance, proclaimed to the, Central Government. An invasion from Kwangsi was defeated on the very outskirts of Canton by the clever strategy of Chan Tsai-tong, the Kwangtung commander-in-chief. A second attempt to take Canton by an alliance between the Kwangsi militarists and Chang Fat-fui's Ironsides was also beaten off after severe fighting round Samshui, along the North River, and just north of Canton. Chan Tsai-tong- received strong reinforcements of Nanking troops and his gun-boat flotilla played a big part in the riverine battles. Still more important was the as- sistance of twenty aeroplanes, who bombed the. "Ironsides" unmercifully, and broke their morale. A counter attack by Canton resulted in the taking of Wuchow, but the remnants of Kwangsi-Ironside troops entrenched themselves at Nanning and resisted all attempts to dig them out.

The year 1929 was a very bad one, for in addition to the constant warfare a severe drought, and great heat lasting well into June, gravely effected the crops. There was great distress in the East River districts and all the mer- chants suffered heavily, though an improvement set in towards the end of the

As already stated the year 1930 passed off uneventfully which enabled a good deal of progress to be made in municipal services. The number of muni- cipal primary schools increased in the year from 75 to 85 accommodating 36,460 as opposed to 24,770 pupils. The number of middle-schools, in which the English language is taught, also greatly increased so as to provide instruc- tion for 3,000 students. Night schools, were developed and added to, the. total number being 70 at which 12,000 students attended. A free library at a cost of $200,000, and a poor-house were constructed during the year. A new water-tower purchased in Germany was also erected. New roads built in Can-

ton in 1930 totalled some 43,000 feet making the city have, in all, some fifty miles of well laid, well-paved and well-drained thoroughfares. As already stated the growth in importation of gasoline shows that the number of motor vehicles is rapidly increasing the number,is; however, compared with Euro pean cities of an equal size still minute, there being at the end of 1930, in all, only 572 motor cars; 129 lorries;; 133 motor-buses; and 76 motor cycles. Sixteen buses are now engaged on a service running from Canton to a point on the river bank opposite to Whampoa.

The total road construction programme for 1931 is 72,000 foot of new road but it is possible that disturbed political conditions may prevent this being carried out for on the 28th April a bloodless coup d'état occurred. The Chairman of the Kwangtung Provincial Government, Chen Ming-shu, a loyal supporter, of Nanking, suddenly found it expedient to leave, Canton. His place was taken by the Mayor of Canton who became Chairman in his stead, but the real power passed into the hands of General Chan Chai-tong com- manding the local troops. He declared his independence of Nanking. A separate government calling itself the National Government of China, which denies the legality of that at Nanking, was set up, Eugene Ch'en becoming its Foreign Minister. Arrangements for a northern expedition to capture Hankow and subsequently Nanking were given much publicity in the local Press but it is questionable whether such military preparations as were made were in- tended mainly for offensive or defensive purposes. The recruiting of troops to swell the local forces, and purchases of arms and munitions have naturally led to increased taxation and had a somewhat adverse effect upon trade. Floods in the North and East River Districts have further aggravated an already adverse situation. Towards the close of the year, however, negotia- tions led to the re-union of Canton and Nanking, and local independence was subsequently called off.

 

DIRECTORY

GOVERNMENT

KWANGTUNG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

Chairman Lin Yun-chieh Department of Civil Affairs (Min

Cheng Ting)-Lin Yi-chung Department of Finance (Ts'ai

Cheng Ting)Au Feng-fu Department of Education (Chiao

Yu T'ing)-Hsieh Ying-chou Department: of Reconstruction

(Chien Sheh Ting)-Lin

Ting) Lin Yun-

་; ྃ ནི · *,

CANTON MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT Mayor Liu Chi-wen

Bureau of Social Affairs (Sheh Hui

Chu) Jim Kook-chi

Bureau of Public Safety (Kung An

Chu)-Ho Loh

Bureau of Finance (Ts'ai Cheng

Chu)-Liu Ping-kong

Bureau of Public Works (Kung Wu

Chu)-Yuan Mong-hsiung Bureau of Public Health (Wei

Sheng Chu)-Ho Chi-chang

A. SEK & Co., Photo Supplies Cameras, Films and Plates, etc.- Head Office: 26A, Des Voeux Road, C., Hong Kong Canton Office: 512, Yat Tak Road; Teleph. 13801

Acme Code Company, Publishers Acme Commodity and Phrase Code Representatives: Hogg and Co.-19, British Concession, Shameen

Mei-yah Pao Sien Kung Sze

American Asiatic Underwriters, Fed. Inc. U.S.A., General Insurance:

Fire, Marine, Motor-Car, Life, Accident, Burglary, Plate-glass, Baggage and Special Risks-Mis- sions Building, The Bund; Teleph. 12311; Cable Ad: Underiters

C. V. Starr, president. (S'hai.) W. T. Sullivan, district manager S. L. Yang, local manager Agents for:

Globe and Rutgers Fire Ins. Co. and 22 Other American, British and Continental Insurance Companies

AMERICAN BANK NOTE Co.-c/o. Na- tional City Bank of New York, Shameen; Cable Ad: Banknote

H. G. J. McNeary

AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY (See Mis-

AMERICAN CONSULATE (See Consulates)

AMERICAN FOREIGN INSURANCE ASSO- CIATION, General Insurance-6-8-10, Shaki Road; Cable Ad: Afiacan- ton. Head Office: 80 Maiden Lane, N.Y.

P. F. Robertson, manager

T. S. Feng

J. S. Wong

(see Shanghai for Agencies)

AMERICAN MAIL LINE Cable Ad:

The Robert Dollar Co., general agents (See Dollar Co., The Robert)

Sun Cheong

ANDERSEN, MEYER & CO., LTD., Engineers,

Contractors, Importers, Manufacturers

and Insurance Agents-Teleph. 10928; Cable Ad: Danica !:

C. U. Ferguson, manager (Hongkong)

P. M. Markert, engineer-in-charge

J. Montalto

Lo Yn Man

(for Agencies see Shanghai).

行英利安 On Lee Ying Hong

ARNHOLD & Co., LTD., Merchants and

Engineers Cable Ad: Harchi

C. E. Rathsam

ANTHOROSE CO., Import-Export, General Commission Agents and Wholesale, Import: Chemicals, Machines, Wines, Provisions and Sundries; Export: Silks, Silk Embroideries, Lard, Cassia and all kinds of S. China Products-Western Second Road; Cable Ad: Anthorose; Codes: Bentley's and A.B.C. 5th edn.

ASIA HOTEL

(See Hotel Asia).

司公險保壽人邦友 Tao bong yen sao bỏ him kong st

ASIA LIFE INSURANCE CO., Life Insurance -Missions Building, The Bund; Teleph.

12311; Cable Ad: Alicochina; Code:

Acme and Bentley's. Main Office for the Orient: 17, The Bund, Shanghai

Dr. C. S. Liu, resident assist. secretary

and medical referee

C. L. Chui, district manager

亞細亞 Ah si ah

ASIATIC PETROLEUM Co. (SOUTH CHINA),

LTD.-Shameen; Cable Ad: Petrosilex

J. B. Harrison, manager

W. G. Gerrard

H. W. Hewett

E. W. Hunt

A. Melbye

Fati Installation

P. K. M. Patten T. W. Southam

E. M. E. Stirling R. T. Woods

D. J. Keogh, manager

J. A. Simpson

Wing Sing

JAMES H. BACKHOUSE, LTD., Importers and Exporters Shameen; Cable Ad: Jayatchbee

James H.

Backhouse Hong

Kong), governing director

H. Goldenberg

Cheng Chuck Ting

Lo Lai Chuen

Wai Yue Woon

Man Chun Fai (Compradore)

BALTIC ASIATIC CO., LTD., THE, Exporters

and Importers-62, British Concession, Shameen; Cable Ad: Baltiasico; Codes: A.B.C. 5th & 6th edns. Acme, Bentley's and Universal Trade Code

John Manners Co., Ltd., agents

• Kwang tung ngan hong

BANK OF CANTON, LTD. West Bund; Telephs. 13319 (Manager's Office) and 10201 (General); Cable Ad: Cantonese

Chan Sien Ming, manager

Ng G. Lung, assist. do. and cashier

K. H. Kwong, accountant

Chan Wan Ching, sub- do.

BANK OF EAST ASIA, LTD., THE Tai

Ping Nam Road; Cable Ad: Eastabank

Chan Shing Mi, manager:

P. K Shek, accountant

Le Taou Sang, cashier

Chow Kwai Kan, sub-accountant

Toi wan ngan hong

BANK OF TAIWAN, LTD.

British Con-

cession, Shameen; Teleph. 13334; Cable

Ad: Taiwangink

K. Suzuki, manager

R. Takai, per pro. manager

BANQUE DE L'INDO-CHINE

F. de Courseulles, manager J. de Perceval, cashier

Ma Fook Cho, compradore

CHARTERED BANK OF IND., AUS. & CHINA

-Telephs, 13325 and 14233 (sub-agent's office); Cable Ad: Comet

W. G. Hollyer, sub agent

W. D. Johnson, sub-accountant

CHINA DEVELOPMENT COMMERCIAL AND

SAVINGS BANK

CHINA AND SOUTHERN BANK, LTD.

Tack Wah Ngan Hong

Deutsch-Asiatische Bank

British Concession, Shameen; Telephs.

10938 and 13151; P.O. Box 39; Cable Ad:

Teutonia

R. Franz, manager

R. E. Kuehne, signs per pro

F. Lindenau

H. von Essen

GRAND CENTRAL SAVINGS BANK, LTD.

Heung kong sheong hoi ngan hong

HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPN,

T. M. Knott, agent

C. B. Terdre

L. E. da Luz

G. P. Cruz

J. M. Soares

L. A. da Roza

H. J. Prata

Man kwok tse chu way

International Savings Society÷

20A, B.C. Shameen--Mail Ad. P.O. Box 27; Cable Ad: Intersavin. Head Office: 7, Ave. Edward VII, Shanghai. South China Branch Controlling Agencies at:→ Amoy, Swatow, Macao, Kongmoon, Shekki and Wuchow

J. M. X. Chollot, manager (South

China branch)

C. T. Gomes, sub manager

F. Noronha

E. Tossane

司公限有行銀畜儲華嘉

KA WAH SAVING BANK,, LTD.-Tai-

ping Road South; Telephs. 14513

(manager), 10414 (general Office);

Cable Ad: 4822

S. K. Cheung, manager

F. K. Leong, sub-mgr. & cashier

Kiming H. K. Sien, account.

K. W. Cheung, sub. do.

KWANGTUNG PROVINCIAL BANK, THE, Government Depository, General

Banking Business Transacted South Bund; Telephs. 10434, 10233, 10231; Cable Ad: 3639 Radio Ad: 4164. Branches: Hong Kong, Kongmoon, Pakhoi, Swatow, Shuik- wan and Muiluk

Shem Tsai Wo, president

Wong Koon Cheung, vice-

president

Man kwok bo tung ngan hong

NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK, THE

-Cable Ad: Citibank

J. T. S. Reed, manager

E. R. Sandstrom, pro-mgr. and

acting-acct.

H. R. Campbell, sub-accountant Chu Lok Ting, compradore

NATIONAL COMMERCIAL AND SAVINGS

BANK, LTD. 11, Taiping

LTD.1.1,

Telephs. 12422 and 12421; Cable

Cable Ad Nacomsáv

Ng Hocan, manager

SOUTHERN INDUSTRIAL AND SAVINGS BANK

YIEN YIEH COMMERCIAL BANK — 2, Second Road West Bund; Telephs. 10300, and (manager) 14501; Cable, Ad: 7771

Wong Man Po, manager

YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK-52, Shameen;

P.O. Box 27

BELGIAN CONSULATE (See Consulates)

士刺些 She la si

BÖDIKER & Co., Importers, Exporters, Commission and Insurance Agents-86, British Concession, Shameen; Teleph. 10912; PO. Box 19; Cable Ad: Boediker; All Codes used

G. Bodiker, partner K. Lübcke, manager

W. Nogaitzik, import

BOMANJEE & CO., General Merchants and Commission Agents-Cable Ad: Bomanjee

BOYER, MAZET & Co., Raw Silk Merchants

19, French Concession, Shameen

A. Quinson, signs per pro.

H. Leynaud, assistant

BRAMELD, THOMAS L.R.I.B.A., Architect

and Surveyor Chartered Bank

Building, Shameen; Teleph. 14921/

BRITISH-AMERICAN TOBACCO Co. (CHINA),

LTD.,- Cable Ad: Powhattan

J. P. Macdermott, division mgr.

M. S. Hodjash

Miss M. Ozorio, stenographer

BRITISH & FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY (see

Missions)....

BRITISH EPISCOPAL CHURCH (see Missions)

BRITISH CONSULATE (see Consulates)

古太 Tai koo

BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, (John Swire &

Sons, Ltd.), Merchants

J. R. Hinton, signs per pro.

L. G. Eales.

H. T. Lee

Miss M. M. Louey

R. Warren, wharfinger

頓 畢 Pee Tung

BUTTON & Co., E.M., Importers, Ex-

porters,

Shawls, Embroideries,

Curios etc.19, The Bund, B. C.

Shameen; Teleph. 14013; Cable Ad:

Hogg Shameen

E. A. Hogg, proprietor

CANTON CLUB-Shameen

Committee-N. Neckelman (chair- man), M. A. Annett, R. A. Hall, Dr. R. L. Lancaster and H. G. McNeary Secretary-Cdr. R. M. Hunt,

D.S.O., R.N.

CANTON-HANKOW RAILWAY ADMINISTRA- TION (CANTON SHUICHOW SECTION)- Cable Ad: Yuehway, Codes A.B.C. 5th edn., Western Union and Bentley's

P. H. Lo, M.A., J.D., managing

director

W. C. Loo, head of the general

affairs department

Y. N. Tscheng, traffic manager

J. K. Wong, M.E., B.SC.; locomo-

tive superintendant

Hin N. Tseng B.S.E., M.S., assist.

superintendant

K. F. Tseng, chief accountant

H. L. Wu, C.E., engr.-in-Chief

CANTON KOWLOON RAILWAY

Section)-Tai Sha Tou

Managing Director's Office

C. P. Chen, managing director

(Chinese

P. S. Mok, chief of the general dept. Y. Y. Chung, secretary

W. S. Ng,

Engineering Department

W. M. Stratton, engineer-in-chief W. W. Leung, engineer of ways

and works

Accounts Department

H. P. Harris, chief accountant,

Li Sing Wen, assist. do.

Traffic Department

J. T. Smith, actg. traffic manager

S. M. Bander, traffic inspector

tasia nina

Hamburg-Amerika Linie

(for other agencies see Shanghai)

Locomotive Department

Cheong wahud

Lo Kwong Woon, locomotive supt.

昌 "CANTON OVERSEAS TRADING CO., Ex- porters, Importers, Manufacturers, Shipping and Commission Agents-

16, B.C. Shameen; Teleph. 13722; Cable Ad: Conscience; Codes: A. B.C. 6th edn., Acme, Bentley's and other Standard Codes.

W. S. Mak, managing director, U. N. Chant, director Cho Chuen,.

J. Pasquier K. H. Mak CK. Wong P K. Tse W. F Chan S. S. Mak W. H. Mak

S. L. Mok

CANTON TRADING ASSOCIATION, LTD., THE (Carl Schroter, managers), General Importers, Exporters, and Commission Agents-3, B. C. Sha- meen; Teleph. 10918; Cable Ad: Catrass

H. J. Frölich, signs per pro.,

Tse Chi Sam, assist. manager

司公造製惧家州廣

CANTON UTENSILS MANUFACTURING CO., THE, Aluminium and Enamelled- Iron Holliw Ware Manufacturers+ 19s, Taiping Road Cable Ad: Canuten

Fu 禮 Lar wo Carlowitz & Co., Exporters, Importers,

Commission Agents and Contractors-

230, Shakee Road; Cable Ad: Hellmann; Codes: A.B.C. 5th, 5th impr. and 6th edn.,

Bentley's, Carlowitz, Acme and Mosse

R. Lenzmann (Hamburg)

R. Laurenz (Shanghai)

Dr. A. Nolte (Hamburg)

G. Roehreke (Shanghai).

O. Lord (Hamburg)

H. Lehmann, manager

W. Heitzig

A. Weiss

H. Ferber!

CENTRAL AGENCY, LTD., THE, Importers of Sewing Cotton Thread 50, Central

Ave., Shameen; Cable Ad: Central Agency, Shameen

W. L. Cheung, Chinese manager

C. Wallace, general manager for China

and Hong Kong (Shanghai)':

CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE

CANTON BRITISH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

Chairman-M. A. Annett

Vice-do-R. K. Batchelor Secretary-Chas. E, Watson: Committee--J. B. Harrison, W, G. Hollyer, E. R. Hill and J. P. McDermott

CANTON FOREIGN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

Chairman-A. E. Quin

Vice-do. A. Hoffmeister Secretary Chas. E, Watson

Committee-J. Baud, H. Ferber, K. Neckelman, H. Ueymura and G. Woudenberg

CHAMBRE DE COMMERCE FRANÇAISE DE

CHINE (Section de Canton)

Président F. de Courseulles Vice-id. H. Laffond

Trésorier et Secrétaire J. de Perceval

CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, ETC. (see

師則畫之禮李耀周

CHAU & LEE, Architects and Civil Engineers-57, Tai Ping Maloo South; Teleph. 14520. Hong Kong Office: 9, Queen's Road Central; Teleph. 21671; Cable Ad: Kinly

Principals

I. N. Chau, B. SC,,.M.I. STRUCT. E. RE. Lee, A.R.B.A., A.A., Dip,

CHELBARAM, D., Silk Merchant & General

Exporter-20, French Con., Shameen ;

Cable Ad: Chellaram.

Hynu sun ge he

器機信謙 F. X. P. Tavares

F. Seegelkén '

PH. Weckert

'Ch: A. Schneider W. Hetkel ·

G. Hardt

CHIEN HSIN ENGINEERING CO., Machinery

and Engineering-Taiping Maloo South; P.O. Box 59

H. D. Kuhrt

China Electric Co., Ltd. - Head Office

Shanghai

P. T. Carey, resident director

K. Huang, branch manager

A. D. Hollander, installation eng'r. C. M. Lee, engineer

Y. Wong, accountant

Y. K. Jane, head of service'

Sole Agents for

International Standard Electric

Corporation, N.Y.

Western Electric Co., New York

Standard Telephones and Cables

Ld., London

Templeton, Kenley Co., Chicago

The Gamewell Co., Newton Upper

Falls, Mass.

Western Electrical Instrument

Corporation, Newark, N. J.

CHINA EXPORT-IMPORT & BANK Co., A.G., Importers and Commission Agents Tai Ping Road South; Cable Ad: Lemjus; Codes: A.B.C. 5th edn., Carlowitz. Head

Office: Shanghai. Branches: Canton,

Hongkong, Tientsin, Osaka and Tokyo

H. D. Kuhrt

Lun shun chiu sheung kuk

CHINA MERCHANTS' STEAM NAVIGATION CO.

Chan Kwok-man, agent

CHINA OIL Co., LTD., THE (Incorpo- rated in China-Ka Naam Tong West Building, Tai Ping Road; Te- leph. 13845; Cable Ad: Libra: Codes A.B.C. 6th edn.; Acme, Bent- ley's, and Universal Trade

L. C. Chan, manager

CHINA PRODUCTS EXPORT CO., Ex-

porters and Importers, Manufac turers, General Commission Agents

Bank of Canton Building, The Bund; Teleph. 12354; P.O. Box 52; Cable Ad: Productsco; Branch, Bank of China Building, Hongkong Ling Wan Shing, man. director R. Shekwan, director

Li Ting Kwang

C. C. Lam

Ling Chai Hong Che Cham Sum Cheung Kai C. L. Li

司公限有險保昌旗

Kee chong po him yau han kung ze

China Underwriters, Ltd.,

Ltd., Life,

Fire, Marine, Accident, Motor Car and

General Insurance Head Office: Hong- kong. Branch Office: (Life Assurance only), 37, Sap Pat Po North

General Agents Shewan Tomes & Co., Shameen; Teleph. 10937; Cable Ad: Keecheong

CHOTIRMALL & Co., K. A. J., Exporters

and Commission Agents-21, French

Concession, Shameen

R. Naraindas, manager

CHUNG MEI DRUG CO., LTD., Whole- sale and Manufacturing Chemists-

5, Tai Ping Road South; Teleph. 10627; Cable Ad: Chungmei

S. W. Kwong, manager

CONSULATES

Tai mee kwok isung ling sĩ chu

AMERICA-Shameen

Consul-General-J. W. Ballantine

Consul-J. Hall Paxton

Do. -F. W. Hinke

Vice-Consul--Horace H. Smith

J. K. Penfield

Tai peh kwok Ling sz kun

Acting Consul-General for South

China, Hongkong, Macao, Philip-

pine Islands G. Bolsius (residing in Hongkong)

Consul-Kay Neckelman

Consul A. Schubert

(c/o Reuter Brockelmann 37,

British Concession, Shameen)

Tai Fat kwok Ling sz chu

Consul L. Eynard

Vice-Consul, Chancelier du Consulat

---P. Simon

GERMANY NO. 66, British Concession,

Shameen; Cable Ad: Consugerma

Consul General Dr. W. Wagner

Vice-Consul-Dr. H, Voskamp

Chancellor C. H. Kanter (absent)

Secretary-P. Beckmann

Tai Ying kwok Tsung Ling sz chü GREAT BRITAIN Cable Ad: Britain

(In charge of British Interests in Hoikow, Nanning, and Pakhoi)

Consul General Herbert Phillips,

C, B., C.B.E.

'Acting Consul-R, A. Hall

Vice-Consul— M. C. Gillett

Pro-Consul C. E. A. Carney

Constable W. Read

Tai I tai li Ling sz kun

Consul-General-A. Baistrocchi

(residing in Hongkong) y

Consul-General-M. Suma Vice-Consul K. Nakano

Tai wo kwok Ling sz' kun

NETHERLANDS

Consul--J. J. Wierink

Tai No wai kwok ling sz kun

NORWAY-Cable Ad: Noreg

Vice-Consul-R. K. Batchelor

署事領總國洋西大

young hool chung ling shi

PORTUGAL 56, French Concession,

Consul-General-Jose Luiz Archer

Chancellor - Interpreter

Chinese Secretary-Yut-po Lo

Tai sui shi kwok ling siz kun

SWITZERLAND

Consul-U. Spalinger

Chancelier A, Hoffmeister

CROWN CHINA COMPANY-33A, B. C. Shameen; Teleph. 15208; Cable Ad: China Crown; All Codes

Matt. M. Axelrood, president Yintai Wang, vice.

F. J. Schuhl, secretary and dir. G. H. Lynott, treas., and

T. F. Millard, director

F. J. Courtney, manager

Canton Office

P. Servanin, acting chief agent,

F. Simonsen, cashier

General Agents for

Crown Life Insurance Co.,

Toronto, Canada

關海 粵 Yuet Hai Kwan

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME-

Revenue Department

Commissioner-J. Klubien

Deputy Commr.-W. E. Annett

Assistants-S. Toscani, Fong Kun

Chiu, Ng Shiu Hung, R. C. P. Rouse

S. M. Carlisle, Chu Po Lam, Lam

Kwok To, Leung Shi Wai, Siu Ting

Kwan, Chan I Kan, K. Qyamada,

V. A. L. Paton, Lu Dung Ing and Chung Ta Chung

Medical Officers-Dr. R. L. Lancaster, Dr. E. L. R. Pautet, Chan Chung San, Ho Tchi Tcheong and Hsu Chi Liang Chief Tidesurveyor-H. M. Anderson Asst. do. B.-G. H. White

Boat Officer

J. L. Stewart Acting Boat Officer-Ko Yee How Assist. Boat Officers-H. Wenner, Ng

Cho Wu and N. A. Goudasheff

Chief Appraiser R. Raiteri

Appraisers-P. J. Gleeson, E. A

Silgalw and B. Poletti

Assist. Appraiser A. G. Kuropatoff

Actg. Inspector of Examiners-F A.

Senior Chief Examiner-E.M.É. Gallo

Chief Examiners-W. G. States, and

F. Leopold

Examiners-S. R. Ambrose, H. C. Taylor, R. Ferreira, A. do Espirito Santo, G. Quinn and A. Á. do Remedios

Assist Examiners Wong Kit Zan, Chao Chun Chieh, E. V. S. Budzynsky, N. Dikhmann, H. Olson, Ho Wing Yan and Wu Kit Sang

Acting Assist Examiners Ko Kui Hok, Lin Tsai Sui and Wang Ting Fang Tidewaiters-W. Seraphina

Harbour Department

Acting Harbour Master-R. Long

1st Berthing Officer A, C. Kella 2nd Berthing Officer-W. F. Davis 3rd Berthing Officer A.

chkovsky

Canton Customs' Junk Office

Deputy. Commissioner-Hu Kam-shui

Assistant Examiner--T. Logvinoff

DANISH CONSULATE

(See Consulates)

DEACON & Co., LTD., Merchants, Shipping

and Insurance Agents-Cable Ad: Deacon

H. S. Smith, managing director ·

R. K. Batchelor, director.

A. E. Quin, director

L. B. Wood + D. H. Munro'

Agencies

Hongkong, C. & M. Steamboat Co., Ld.

Peninsular and Oriental S. N. Co. Prince Linea

Ben Line of Steamers

Eastern & Australian S.S. Co., Ld.

British-India S. N. Co. (Apcar Line) Alliance Assurance Co., Ld. China Fire Insurance Co., Ld. British Traders' Insurance Co., Ld. Union Assurance Society, Ld. Marine Insurance Co., Ld. Standard Life Assurance Co.

Atlas Assurance Co., Ld.

Mercantile Bank of India, Ld:

North China Insurance Co.

# # Ha pat tin dee 地顛 状

DENT & CO., LTD. HERBERT, Tea Inspectors

and Commission Agents-Hongkong, Canton, London and Lyons

Agencies

N. Brit. & Mercantile Ins. Co., Ld.

DEUTSCHE ASIATISCHE BANK (see Banks)

DEUTCHE STICKSTOFF-HANDELSGESELLS-

CHAFT, KRAUCH & Co., Importers of Artificial Fertiliser of the I.G. Far- benindustrie A. G. Frankfurt a/m. and of Stickstoff Syndikat G.m.b.H. Berlin

Canton Agents, Jebsen and Co-

Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Building, Shameen; Teleph.

Directory and Chronicle of The Far East (China, Japan, Malaya, Phi- lippines, Indo-China,, Dutch East Indies, etc.) 1020

Canton Agents.) - THE SHAMEEN

PRINTING PRESS, LTD. 83, Bri- tish Concession, Shameen

Teen cheang

DODWELL & Co., LTD., Merchants-Head

Office: 24, St. Mary Axe, London, E.C.;

and at Hongkong, Shanghai, Hankow, Foochow, Yokohama, Kobe, New York, San Francisco, Seattle, Victoria,

Vancouver, Colombo, Antwerp, Havana

E. R. Hill, manager.

J. H. Townsend, assistant

DOLLAR CO., THE ROBERT, Shipping,

Lumber and General Importers 4, Sha

Kee Road; Cable Ad: Dollar

W. F. Arndt, agent

DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINE CableAd: Dollar The Robert Dollar Co., general agents-

(See Dollar Co., The Robert).

DUTCH CONSULATE (See Consulates)

FANCY GOODS STORE, THE, Importers,

Drapers, Outfitters, Retail

Wholesale, Exporters of all Chinese

Products-15, F.C., Shameen

J. A. Gurwich, proprietor G. Guter

Fa ma wei lum

FARMER & CO., WILLIAM, Merchants and

Commission Agents.

cession, Shameen

W. R. Farmer

British Con-

FELD & Co., LTD., F., Engineers, Con- tractors, General Merchants 10, West Bund; Teleph. 10914; CableAd; Feldbobe; Codes: A.B.C., 5th and 6th edns., Bentley's, Carlowitz Galland-Ingenieur,. Engineering, Mosse and Mosse Suppl.

K. Luering, manager

Th. Janssen, dipl.-ing.

Lam Tak Chui, compradore

FINNISH CONSULATE (see Consulates)

FRENCH CONSULATE (see Consulates)

FRENCH MISSION-(see Missions)

GERMAN CONSULATE (see Consulates)

小 房葯大國德堤西州廣

Kuong Chow Sai Tại, Tách Kwok Tai Yuek Fong

GERMAN DISPENSARY, LTD., THE (Deuts

che Apotheke), Chemists and Drug-

gists, Certified Dispensers-1, West

Bund; Teleph, 10477

M. Muller, manager

美 Mei-ya

GLOBE & RUTGERS FIRE INSURANCE Co.-

Missions Building, The Bund; Teleph. 12311; Cable Ad: Underiters

American Asiatic Underwriters, Fed. Inc., U.S.A., managers for the Orient

A Goeke & Co., A. Importers Ex- porters, Insurance Agents-85, B. C. Shameen; P.O. Box 105; Cable Ad: Asteridian

A. Goeke (Hong Kong)

H. Ammann do.

H. Hornig, Canton manager

and attorney!

Pak Keen Sam, compradore Pak Mou Ching.

Leung Po Yuen

Tang Pui Lam

K. S. Chen

Sze cheong

Griffith (1932), LTD., T. E., Raw Silk Ex-

porters, General Merchants, Shipping

and Insurance Agents

M. A. Annett, director

P. Nipkow,

M. M. Annett,

do. (absent)

W. Seiffert, signs per pro. D. Noronha

HAMET & Co., A. H., General Merchants and Commission Agents-48, French Concession, Shameen; Cable Ad: Hamet; Codes: A.B.C. and Bentley's,

T. Hamet

P. T. Long

# # # * Hing sing

HANNIBAL & Co., W. A., Merchants and

Commission Agents

J. Mowbray Jones

H. T. Buxton Cho Chuen

Agencies

Scottish Union and National Insce. Co.

J. G. Monnet & Co. Salamander

Ev. Vignier & Co. Redheart

Otard, Dupuy & Co. Brandy

Holsten Beer

祥 Cheong Lee

HOGG & Co., Silk Merchants, Exporters and Importers, Commission Agents-19,

British Concession, Shameen; Cable Ad:

Hogg, Shameen; Codes: A.B.C. 5th edn., Bentley's, Acme, etc.

A. V. Hogg, proprietor

J. Shauvoir

C. Young

Ng Po Chuen, compradore

Agents for

Acine Code Co., New York, U.S.A.

HOLLAND CHINA

HANDELSCOMPAGNIE,

(CANTON) N.V. (Holland-China Trading

Co., (Canton), Ltd.) Merchants - 65,

British Concession, Shameen; Teleph.

13867; Cable Ad: Holchihand

W. Kien,

(Rotterdam)

H. E. Bodde, do.

J. J. Wierink, signs per pro.

C. F. Chau

Li Chang

Lam She Wan, compradore

Agencies

Java China-Japan Line

Holland Oost-Azie Lijn (Holland-

East Asia Line)

Philips Gowlamps; Eindhoven (Holland)

HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANK (See Banks)

Ma la Sai po

"Hongkong Daily Press," Morning Newspaper (Estab. 1857)-Hongkong:

11, Ice House Street (1st floor) and 480, Hennessy Road; Telephs. 30251 and (night)24511; P.O. Box 1; Cable Ad: Press. London Agency; 53, Fleet Street, E.C. 4; Cable Ad: Socotrine

Hongkong Weekly Press and China Overland Trade Report Directory and Chronicle of China,

Japan, Malaya, etc.

Hongkong Daily Press, Ld., proprietors R. T. Barrett, managing director Canton Agent The Shameen Printing Press, Ltd.-83, British Concession, Shameen

K. T. O. Lammert

Seon Hon Wan 運漢新

Honwan Trading Co. The Ex- port, Import, Engineering, Com- mission Agents, and Manufacturers Agents-16, F.C., Shameen; Cable Ads: Honwan, and Chinabaist; Codes Acme and Mosse

H. R. Baist, manager

"Asia"-West Bund; Teleph.

12407; Under the management of the

Sun Co., Ltd.

R. M. HUNT & Co.,

JAPANESE COUSULATE

(See Consulates)

Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd.,

Merchant

Alex. E. Smith, agent

A. M. da Luz

R. D. Baptista

Tai Chung Han Wharves

R. T.. Crowe, godown supt.

Agencies

Indo-China Steam Navigation Co., Ld. Canadian Pacific Steamships, Ld.

American and Manchurian Line

"Glen Line "

Exchange and

Canton Insurance Office, Ld.

Share Brokers Central Avenue,

R. M Hunt

S. M Chin

HUYGEN, G. E., Exporter, Importer and Commission Agent 11, Sai Hịng Kai; Teleph. 10908; P.O. Box 112; Cable

Ad: Huygen; Codes used; A.B.C. 6th

edn., Bentley's and Private Codes

G. E. Huygen, principal

L. Muhle, signs the firm O. Hechtel,

H. Meeir,

K. Hodapp

do. (Hongkong) do. (Swatow)

F. Huygen

Tam Sui Tong, compradore

ICARUS AERO SUPPLY Co.-Shameen;

Teleph. 14005; P.O. Box 42

R. Sander

Charles Lau

司公限有碱洋門內卜商英 Ying shang po na men yang kien yu hsien kung sz

IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES (CHINA), LTD. (Formerly Brunner, Mond & Co. China, Ltd.), Importers of Alkalies and Commercial and Industrial Chemicals— 46, Central Avenue, Shameen; Teleph. 14007; P. O. Box 24; Cable Ad: Alkali

J. W. King

JG. Cruickshank goxgno H JW. Pote-Hunt NOVO ANIRO Mrs. E. A. Noronha votɔorkɑ Miss A. M., Gillett Maqst

INTERNATIONAL SAVINGS SOCIETY (See

ITALIAN CONSULATE

(See Consulates)

nsga noin60

Hongkong Fire Insurance Co., Ld.

Alliance Assurance Co.

Eastern Insurance Co., Ld..

司公限有噐機和怡商英

JARDINE ENGINEERING CORPORATION,

LTD., THE,

Alex. E. Smith, signs per. pro.

Conant Lee, engineer

JEBSEN & Co., Importers and Export- ers, Machinery, Shipping and In- surance Agents Shameen

Shameen B. C.; P.O. Box 18; Cable Ad: Jebsen; Codes: A.B.C. 6th edn., Bentley's and Acme

Jebsen, partner (Aabenraa, Denmark)

J. H. Jessen, do. (Hongkong)

C. Offersen, signs per pro.

H. Schneider

A. Roeske

Miss F. Hell

Dyes Department

H. Pielcke

R. Schiffler

Manure Department

Dr. H. Kruppa

瑞 Sui Kee

JOHNSON & CO., R., Import-Export-75-A,

Shameen; P.O. Box 35; Cable Ad: Luxoriens

R. Johnson, partner (Hongkong) E. Dillner,

L. Werner, signs per pro. F. Busse

KA WAH SAVINGS BANK LTD.

(See Banks)

KAILAN MINING ADMINISTRATION

Him Tai & Co., agents

順 Sun wo

KARANJIA & Co., LTD., Raw and Waste Silk Exporters Shameen; Teleph. 593; Cable Ad: Zoraba

N. B. Karanjia, managing director

KARANJIA, & Co., C. M., General Silk Merchant and Commission Agent, Ex- porter and Importer 21, French Con- cession, Shameen; Cable Ad: Patell

B. R. Iranee

P. B. Dhabher

KAVARANA, S. F., Merchant and Com-

mission Agent

H. S. Kavarana

KENTWELL, L. K., B.A. (Oxon): L.L.B. Barrister-at-Law-1, Choy Lan Chik Kai; P.O, Box 26

沙羅告 Ko lo sa

KRUSE & Co., Import and Export Mer-

chants-36, Second Bund; P.O. Box 61;

Cable Ad: Wahtack; Codes: A.B.C. 6th edn. and Bentley's

Paul Hell, partner (Hamburg) G. Hartig,

KWANG TUNG ELECTRIC SUPPLY CO., LTD., -Works: Ng Sin Mun; Telephs. 11603-4; Office: Ching Hoi Mun; Telephs. 11607-8; Cable Ad: Lighthouse; Codes: A.B.C. 5th edn., Western Union and Bentley's

KWANGTUNG PROVINCIAL BANK

(See Banks)

KWANGTUNG RIVER CONSERVANCY COM- MISSION (Before: Board of Conser-

vancy Works of Kwangtung)

White Cloud Road (opposite Can- ton-Kowloon Railway Station); Teleph. 11437; Cable Ad: Conser- vanc; Code used; Bentley's

Principal Member of Commission

-Koo Ying Fün

Members of Commission--Hu Han Min, Sun Fo, Chan Tsai Tong, Wu Te-sheng, Lam Chik Min, Fan Kee Mo, Wong Chung Wai, Chan Ming Shu, Chan Chak, Lam Wan Koi, Tang Yin Hwa and Lee Hoi Wan

Engineer-in-Chief Major G. W. D. Olivecrona (R. Swed. Corps. of E.), C.E.

Engineering Assistants--Capt. N.

R. Bjuke (R. Swed! Corps of

E.), C.E., T. H. Fan and To Wai Suen

KWUNGLING Co., THE, Import-Export, Commission Agents, Photo-Goods, Medicine and Drugs, Fancy and Curios, Stationeries, Provisions and Raw Materials-New 55, Dopotaikai Street; Cable Ad: Kwung; Codes: Bentley's and A.B.C. 5th edn.

LAI TO CONSTRUCTION CO., Contrac- tors, Specialized in Buildings, Roads, Railways, Reclamation Works, etc. - Head Office: Hong

Kong. Canton Branch: 9, Tai Sun Road; Teleph. 12068.

Shippin, J., Importers Exporters

B. C. Shameen; Teleph. 13624; P.O. Box 33: Cable Ad: Jameslam

J. Lam, managing partner

LAMMERT & SON, C. H., Exchange, Share and General Brokers; Surveyors and Fire Loss Adjusters 27, British Con- cession, Shameen; Cable Ad: Lammert; Code: Bentley's

C. H. Lammert,

Mei-Sheung-Lee-Zung

LEISON BROTHERS & Co., Importers and Exporters, Manufacturers Re- presentatives-28, Ning Kai Wang Kai; Cable Ad: Leibrosco

S. Kern Leison, general manager F. H. Leison, assist. manager Lai Chupson, chief clerk

LI, S. C. Manufacturer and Exporter of

Embroidered Shawls-95, Kung Yet Moon

LI & FUNG, Exporters and General Merchants-186, Luk Yee Sam Road,

Teleph. 12804;Cable Ad: Lifung; Codes: Western Union Telegraph, 5th Ed., A.B.C.: 5th & Improved & 6th Edition, Commercial Telegraph & Cable Code, International Lugagne, Bentley's, Pri- vate, and Universal Trade

Li To-ming, managing partner Fung Pak-liu, do do

Fung Hon-wai, signs per pro. Fung Hon-chu, Miss Fung Lai-wa, Ho Wing Han, Yau Tak Sang, Pui Fook Hing, Leung Hung Piu, Ko Kat Po, Tang Siu Hin

LIANG, Y. W., Architect and Civil Engineer-252, Yat Tak Road; Te- leph. 15464

Y. W. Liang, BSC., C.E.

LINGNAN UNIVERSITY (Canton Christian College) Cable Ad: Lingnanuni or Amerfound

W. K. Chung, LL.D., and wife, president J. M. Henry, D.D., and wife, provost H. C. Brownell, M.A., and wife,

W. W. Cadbury, M.D., and wife,

college physician

H. L. Caldwell, B.A., English

H. S. Frank, PH.D., and wife,

chemistry

P. A. Grieder, M.A., and wife, English

and German

G. W. Groff, M.S., and wife, dean,

College of Agriculture

Ernest Hartman, D.Sc., sericulture Miss R. Griggs, B.A., Western School Wm. E. Hoffmann, M.A., and wife,

A. R, Knipp, PH.D., and wife, physics

(furlough)

C. N. Laird, A.M., and wife, dean,

College of Arts and Sciences W. E. MacDonald, M.A., and wife,

mathematics

F. A. McClure, M.S., and wife, botany C. E. Rankin, M.A., and wife, educn.

(furlough)

H. B. Refo, M.A., and wife, Middle

School Science

Miss M. W. Abbott, secretary Bernhard L. Hormann, M.A., English Rudland Showell, B.Sc., and wife,

mathematics

A.C. Siddall, M.D., and wife, physician Donald D. Stevenson, B.D., and wife,

Horace M. Buley, M.S., chemistry Miss H. T. Gilroy, PH.D., physics E. J. Kelly, B.A., English

Miss R. McCullough, M.A., English Miss H. E. Murphy, PH.D., biology W. C. Odlin, B.A., English es C. A. Seidle, B.A., English J. B. Shackford, M.A., English Miss P. M. Nelson, B.A., secretary F. P. Metcalf, PH.D., and wife, biology

LITTLE, ADAMS & WOOD, Architects and Civil Engineers-Dodwells Building,

Shameen, Canton; and York Building,

Hongkong; Teleph. Central 1026

Colbourne Little, F.R.I.B.A., partner C. B. Basto, partner

P. W. Greene, B.A.SC., A.M.E.I,C. G. Rankin, B.A.SC., A.M.E.I.C.

Miss G. Smith

W. C. Felshow

W. Wang, B.SC

Y. H. Lee, B.SC

Lok se li

LOXLEY & CO., W. R., General Merchants, Exporters and Importers - Loxley

House, Shameen; Codes: Acme, Bentley's

H. F. Sze Chan Yat Pong

MADIER, RIBET ET CIE., Raw Silk and Waste Silk Exporters-Cable Ad:Madier- silk Code: Bentley's. Shanghai, Can- ton, Yokohama and Lyons

H. Madier, partner

J. Madier, do.

A. Ribet, do.

H. Laffond, signs per pro.

E. Y. Sage, accountant

那 免 Men na

MANNERS & Co., LTD., JOHN, Importers

and Exporters, Shipping and Insurance Agents 62, British Concession, Sha- Cable Ad: Manners; Codes: A.B.C. 5th and 6th edns.,.Acme, Bentley's and Universal Trade

John Manners, director (Hongkong) Wallace J. Hansen, do. do. K. Kastmann,

C. Nissen, manager.

P, Watkinson F. Meyer

Agencies

R. de la Sala

East Asiatic Co., Ld., of Copenhagen Ellerman & Bucknall, S.S. Co., Ld. States Steainship Co.

Andrew Weir & Co. (Bank Line)

MANY & CO., General Merchants-27, Hing Loong Maloo; Teleph. 11189; Cable Ad: Manco; P.O. Box 141

Y. L. Tsui, manager

L. S. Wong, assist. manager M. Y. Tsui, treasurer:

MASONIC CLUB, CANTON-Shameen

President S. Lillicrap

Hon. Secretary and Treasurer- E. M

G. Hanlon

Chong lee art

Mehta, M. N., Exporters, Importers & Commission Agents-Shameen; Cable

Ad: Mehta Head Office; 65, Ezra Street, Calcutta Branches: Kobe and Bombay

M. N. Mehta

P. M. N. Mehta

H. D. Mehta, manager

MISSIONS

AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY →→ Missions

Building

Rev. H. O. T. Burkwall, B.F.B.S.

BRITISH EPISCOPAL CHURCH, ESTABLISH-

MENT, CHRIST CHURCH-Shameen

Trustees - The Bishop of Victoria, H.B.M. Consul-General, H.B.M.

Vice-Consul

Committee-Rev. C. I. Blanchett, V. P. Waters and Major C. Willson, o.B.E. Hon. Secy. and Treas.-W. H. Taylor

FRENCH MISSION

Rt. Rev. Mgr. Fourquet, Bishop R. R. F. F. C. Robert, Pro-vicar

L. Nicouleau

A. Jarreau

P. Frayssinet

P. Fabre

C. Favreau

P. Chatelain

C. Pierrat

A. Veyres

J. Lerestif

P. Le Baron

P. Seznec

Wai Oi Yi Yun

JOHN G. KERR HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE

-Fong Tsün

SACRED HEART COLLEGE (College du Sacré

Coeur)Tai San Street, New City

Samching

'Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, Ltd., General

Importers and Exporters-58, British

Concession, Shameen; Cable Ad: Mitsui.

Head Office: Tokyo:

K. Yamazaki, manager

A. Shinozawa, sub-manager

記 協 Hip kee

Mogra & & Co., E. R.,, Merchants and Commission Agents, Exporters and Importers, Jade a Speciality, Oriental Art Wares, Antiques, Chinese Old and Modern Em- broideries-Shameen; P.O. Box 44

Cable Ad: Mogra; Codes A.B.C. 5th and 6th edns., Bentley's and Private

E. R. Mogra

P. E. Patel

C. J. Bhumgara J. E. Mogra

部工面沙 Sha min Kung po

MUNICIPAL COUNCIL-Shameen (B.C.)

Chairman E. R. Hill

Vice-do. W. G. Hollyer

J. B. Harrison

A. E. Quin

V. P. Waters

D. P. W. and Secretary-C. E. Watson,

M.I.MECH.E., M.I.LOCO.E.

C. S. P. Major C. Willson, 0.В.§. Nursing Home-Sister S. V. Shirazee

MUNICIPAL COUNCIL, FRENCH CONCESSION President-L. Eynard, chairman (ex-

officio)

Counsellors M. de Courseulles and

H. S. Kavarana

Secretary S. Simon

司公限有草烟弟兄洋南

Nanyang Brothers Tobacco Co., Sai Ho Second Road;

Teleph. 12009; Cable Ad: 3533 Hung Sui Hong, manager

NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK (See

NATIONAL COMMERCIAL & SAVINGS

BANK, LTD. (See Banks)

NIPPON MENKWA K.K. (Japan Cotton

Trading Co., Ltd.), Cotton Goods

Importers 76, B. C., Shameen;

Teleph. 11300; Cable Ad: Menkwa.

Head Office Osaka, Japan

NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA - Shameen;

Teleph. 11004; Cable Ad: Yusen

I. Tanaka, resident representa-

K. Takahashi, assistant

NORTHERN FEATHERWORKS, LTD. (Nordisk Fjerfabrik A/S), Feather Merchants and Hydraulic Presspackers-British Con- cession, Shameen: Works and Godowns: Tai Sha Tau, East Bund; Cable Ad: Chinaimport; Codes: Bentley's, Scho- field's, Lieber's, A.B.C., 5th edn. and Private

K. Neckelman, manager

E. Huttemeier

Chan Wing Ib, compradore E. Metrofanoff

NORWEGIAN CONSULATE (See Consulates)

OFFICIAL MEASURER'S. OFFICE-54, Sha-

J. Linaker

OLIVECRONA, G. W. D MAJOR (Royal

Swedish Corps of Engineers), C.E., Eng-|

ineer-in-chief to Kwangtung

Conservancy Commission

Ta pan sheung shun kung sze,

OSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA Shameen; Teleph

12235; Cable Ad: Shosen. Head Office: Osaka

T. Tomino, manager-

Y. Nagao, assistant

K. Hidaka dosera pasynch

PAVRI, K. S., AND SONS, Merchants and Commission Agents-Shameen; P.O. Box 329 (Hongkong); Cable Ad: Kasopa

K. S. Pavri

P. K. Pavri

J. K. Pavri

S. K. Pavri

Rustom K. Pavri, signs per pro.

PHARMACIE

FRANCO-Cantonaise

Ching Hoi Lu, and The Bund

J. Hélary

POHOOMULL, BROS., (India) Exporters of Shawls, Jade, Curios and Silk Piece Goods-15, French Concession, Shameen; Cable Ad: Pohoomull

R. Hassaram, manager

POISAT, CHARLES (Société Anonyme), Raw Silk, Waste Silk and General Importers

and Exporters-86, Shameen, British Concession

Ch. Poisat, director

POL-LAND SILK HOSIERY Co., Manufactur-

ers and Exporters of Chinese-silk

Hosiery-Sup Sam Po Ching Kai; Cable,

Ad: Finearts; Codes: A.B.C. 6th and Bentley's

P. K. Chan, manager:

PORTUGUESE CONSULATE (See Consu-

И .M‚stroM

POST OFFICE-

Kwangtung Dist. Head Office: Punyii (Canton); Cable Ad: Pos- tos.

Telephs. Mail Dept. and Enquiries

Savings Bank Dept. 13814 Administrative Dept. 13816

Commissioner E. Nordström District Deputy Commissioner -Sa

Acting Deputy Commissioner—C. J. M. Legendre (district ac- countancy)

Inland Control Dept-Fog Bong Lee General Supervisor-Lai Yee-san Secretaries-Li Po-chi and Lee

Tsz Wa Postmasters Liang Peng-fei (Sha- meen Sub-Office), Lo Hing Cheung (Namhoi) (Fat Shan), Chung Chik-chi (Kiungshan) (Kiungchow), Kwok Kwong Chi (Pakhỏi)

PROGRESS COMPANY, THE Shameen;

Teleph. 14005; P.O. Box 42. Office: Gloucester Building, Hong Kong

W. Schwuchow, technical mgr,

R. Sander, commercial do.

Z. Baumazin, secretary

RADIO ELECTRONS,

ELECTRONS, LTD. 136, Sap

Bard Po Road

Retail Sellers of

Majestic Radio

R. C. A. Radiotrons

Rafeek & Co., Shipowners, Importers and Exporters, Commission Agents and Manufacturers' Representatives 27 and 28, French Concession, Shameen; Cable Ad: Rafeek; Codes: Acme, A.B.C. 5th edn., Bentley's and Private

A. E. M. Rafeek, sole proprietor

S. Rafeek | I. A. Neiman

Agencies

Slazengers, Ld. Kosmos Drug Co., Ld.

REISS, MASSEY & Co., LTD., Silk

Merchants, Importers and Exporters

A. T. Lay, manager, signs per pro..

W. H. Taylor

F. Danenberg | | W. Sage

Engineering Department

W. J. Scotcher | Chan Hin Shu

Sundries Department

S. Y. Fung

魯 Looling

REUTER, BRÖCKELMANN & Co., Importers, Exporters, Shipping, Machinery, In- surance and Commission Agents-Office:

37, Shameen, British Concession; Cable

Ad: Heyn; All Standard Codes

A. Schubert, partner

F. Kraemer, signs per pro.

R. Klewitz

Cl. Walte

O. Plate

F. G. Paechnatz

E. Precht

H. Vollmers

H. Griem

P. M. Lasala

REUTERS, LIMITED, Correspondent Wilfred Ling-3, Choi Lan Chik Street; Telephs. 13941 and 18300 (residence); Cable Ad: Reuter

SACRED HEART COLLEGE

(See Missions):

SALES & Co., Merchants and Commission Agents-32, British Concession, Sha-

SALT REVENUE, DISTRICT INSPECTORATE OF (District of Kwangtung)-76, The Bund; Telephs. 11052, 13446 and 13779; Cable Ad: Diate

District Inspector Tang Hsuan Co- do.

-R. D. Wolcott

District Investigator Tong Wen-fu Chief Secretary-Li Kai Tsung Chief Accountant-Hsu Li-ming Chinese Secretary-Huang Kwei-fen First Secretary Wei Pang Yung First Accountant-Cheng Tsung-yun

SANDER WIELER & Co., Hong Kong, Canton, Harbin, Importers and Ex- porters17, French Concession, Shameen; Teleph. 14005; P.O.. Box 42: Cable Ad: Sanderdo

Á. Sander, partner

Fung Ming Mok

Schmidt & Co., Microscopes, Optical and Electro-medical Apparatus, Ho- spital, University and Laboratory Supplies. Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Preparations-20/24, Ching Yuen Maloo; P.O. Box 47; Cable Ad: Schmidtco Codes: A.B.C. 6th, Bentley's, Acme, Mosse Supplement

F. Ortlepp, partner (Hongkong) P. Schmidt, do. (Tokyo) P. A, Schenk, manager

G. W. Hoelmann

L. O. Ropirbacher

SHAMEEN LAWN TENNIS CLUB,

President-H. Phillips, C.M.G.,O.B.E.

Hon. Secy.-Major C. Willson, O.B.E Hon. Treasurer C. E. A. Carney

司公限有務印面沙

Ltd., The, General Printers, Stationers, Booksellers, News Agents and Com- mission Agents-83, British Concession Shameen; Teleph. 12037; Cable Ad: Printer

Shameen Printing Press,

Directors -

Chas. E. Watson, M.I. MECH.E., M.I.

LOCO, E. (chairman)

R. T. O. Lammert

director)

M. T. Rankin

Agencies

Kelly and Walsh, Ltd.

(managing

South China Morning Post

Hong Kong Telegraph Hongkong Daily Press

Directory and Chronicle of

the Far East

China Mail

Sunday Herald

"U.B. Beer, Shanghai

Kee cheong

SHEWAN, TOMES & Co., Merchants

R. Shewan (Hongkong)

A. L. Shields

H. F. Campbell, manager

B. R. Rasmussen | M. A. A. Souza Miss R. Stratton,

Agencies

Green Island Cement Co.; Ld. China Underwriters, Ld.

Yangtsze Insurance Association, Ld. Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Ld. Hongkong Rope Manufacturing Co. Scott and Browne, Ltd. (Scott's

Emulsion)izda

Siemens China Co. (Canton Branch), Electrical Engineers and Contractors-12, F.C., Shameen mirisë

T. Huber, branch manager

SIEMSSEN & Co., Import and Export Mer- chants, Insurance and Shipping Agents -75 and 75A,, B. C., Shameen; Codes: All Standard

W. Eckert, signs per pro. H. Rode'

L. Deckert

K. Hertel

W. Brunke

Sincere Co., Ltd., The The Bund;

Teleph. 12702; Cable and Radio Ad:

Sincere; Head Office; Hongkong; Capital $10,000,000.

Cheuk Shok Wo, manager

Ma Ting Yui, sub. manager Ma Luck Pun, do.

SINCERE CO. (PERFUMERY MANUFACTURERS) LTD., THEYim Ting Streets Head Office: Hongkong; Capital $1,300,000T

The Sincere Co. Ltd., general managers Local Representatives KwokKimSam

Tain Yuk

SINCERE INSURANCE & INVESMENT CO., LTD., THE-1. Sincere First Street, The Bund; Head Office: Hongkong, and 10, other Branches; Capital $1,200 000

The Sincere Co., Ltd., general mgrs. Wong Shun Po, manager Ma Hung Lui, sub. manager

SINCERE LIFE INSURANCE CO., LTD. THE -1, Sincere First Street, The Bund Head Office: Hongkong, Capital $2,000,000

The Sincere Co., Ltd., general mgrs. Wong Chung Yu, manager

SOCIETE COMMERCIALE ASIATIQUE, Im

porters and Exporters-Shameen; Cable Ad: Socom. Branches: Paris & H'kong.

F. Sireyjol, manager (Paris)

Chan Yok Lam, manager

SOCONY-VACUUM

CORPORATION

Ad: Socony and Vacuum

B. B. Anthony, manager

V. W. Davis

G. E. Hanȧford

G. H. Biggs

C. E. Sandstrom, accountant

A. E. Osmund

L. E. de Sousa

W. A. McCausland (supt. installation)

SOUTH CHINA AGENCIES, General Com

mission Agents, and Manufacturers Representatives 64, British Conces-

sion, Shameen; Cable, Ad; Printer; All Standard Codes

R. T. O. Lammert, proprietor

SOUTH CHINA CHRISTIAN BOOK Co.-

Missions Building, The Bund.

J. S. Lowe, manager

SPALINGER, U. (See U. Spalinger)

美 Mei Foo

STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK INC.

-(See Socony Vacuum Corpn.)

STRONG & Co, Exporters and Commission Agents-Office 37 British Concession, Shameen; Cable Ad: Chinaforce, all Standard Codes

A. Schubert, manager

F. Kraemer, signs per pro.

O. Plate

E. Precht

Sun Co., Ltd., The Department

Store-West Bund

Bund and Wai Oi Road; Telephs. 12704 and 10590; Cable Ad: Taisun

Jan Shiu Yu, manager

Chan Chung Man, sub-manager K. S. Choy, chief accountant Choy, Hoi Yuen, manager of

Wai Oi Branch!

SWISS CONSULATE (see Consulates)

TAVADIA & FUTA KIA, Bill, Bullion, Share, Stock and General Brokers Shameen; Cable Ad: Tavadia; Codes: A.B.C. 5th and 6th edns., Bentley's A1, Leiber's and Private

E. C. Tavadia

B. C. Tavadia

N. B. Futakia

J. N. Patel

Teh sze ku ho you kung sze

TEXAS Co., THE, Petroleum and its Products, Kerosene and Lubricating

Oils, Roofing Materials, Wax, Asphalts, etc. Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Bldg, Telepli. 13558; Cable Ad: Texaco, Shameen

G. H. Burdick, district manager

C. R. da Silva, accountant Y. H. Leung KJC. Lam

ADVERTISEMENT

ATTENTION

ICE AIRY ROOMS

ASTY FOOD

OLD-STYLE

NEW-STYL

COURTESY

EW-STYLE EFFICIENCY

VICTORIA HOTEL

Tel. 13501

The official TOURIST HOTEL

The recognised COMMERCIAL HOTEL

The quality RESIDENTIAL HOTEL

Specialist Caterers for all types of Banquets, Receptions &c., &c.

Under the personal supervision of the Proprietor

Wm. R. FARMER.

ADVERTISEMENT

VICTORIA HOTEL

SHAMEEN.

Recognised throughout

World as

LEADING HOTEL

Tel. 13501

TUNG SHAN RECREATION CLUB President-W. M. Stratton [Captain H. (G.' McNeary Hon. Sec.GH, Biggs Hon. Treas.MT. Rankin Committee W. M. Stratton, HG. McNeary, G. H. Biggs, M. T.

Rankin, C. E. Sandstrom, A. E. Quin and W. F. Arndt

和同 Tung wo

U. Spalinger & Co., S. A., Silk Mer- chants, Genl. Exporters & Importers

Telephi, 10814; Cable Ad: Spalinger,

U. Spalinger, director'

A. Hoffmeister, do.

M. Gavin, signs per pro.

La Baloise Fire Insurance Co., Basle

安保險火及面洋仁於 司公限有梳燕

UNION INSURANCE SOCIETY OF CANTON, LTD., Fire and Marine Insurance-

Loxley Building, 50, British Concession,” Shameen; Cable Ad: Union

G. R. More, acting branch manager

行支州廣司公眾合 UNITED TRADING CO., THE__(Canton Branch), General Importers, Exporters and Commission Agents-Ching Hoi Road, Canton City; PO. Box 77. Head Office: 66, Sui Nam Road, Wüchow, Kwangsi. Hongkong Branch: 7, Star Street (1st floor), Wanchai

S. K. Chiu

VACUUM OIL Co., INC. (See Socony

Vacuum Corporation)

VICENTE & Co., L. P., Import-Export General Commission Agents and Whole- sale Import! Chemicals, Machines, Wines, Provisions and Sundries; Export: Silks, Silk Embroideries, Lard, Cassia and all kinds of South China Products Western Second Road; Cable · Ad:

Anthorose; Codes: Bentley's and A.B.C. 5th edn.

西 富 Fu Sai

VICTAL A., Importer, Exporter and Com-

mission Agent-24, British Concession,

Shameen; Cable Ad: Victal

A. Victal, proprietor and manager

T. S. Lai, sub-manager

Agents for

M. Feibusch (California Canneries Co.)

Wah Ying Fire Insurance Co., Ld/1

1) Wie tor li Tsau tim

Victoria Hotel-British Con., Shameen

W. R. Farmer, proprietor

Yeung Yee Sang, compradore

Jut 頓女 布珍

ATANMAL BOOLCHAND, General · Ex-

porters 26, French Concession,

Shameen; Cable Ad: Watanmal

P. Neņumal, manager

Wat sun sz tai yeuk fong

Watson & Co., Ltd., A. S., "The Can- ton Dispensary," Chemists and Drug-

Wine and Spirit Merchants gists, Aerated Water Manufacturers,

V. P. Waters

J. Jones

W. Mills

WAH TACK HANDELS COMPAGNIE, Imports

and Exports

Paul Hell, partner G. Hartig,

WESTERN MOTOR CAR Co. 4-6, Shakee Road; Teleph. 12147; P.O. Box 49; Cable Ad: Lee, Shameen

H. C. Lee, manager

Wo HING SILK CORPORATION, Raw and Waste Silk Dealers-33A, B.C. Shameen Teleph. 13624; Cable Ad: Wohingsilk

J. Lam, manager

H. S. Choy

YIEN YIEH COMMERCIAL BANK (See

YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK-(See Banks) ... YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION--

The Bund

President T. T. Pun

Vice do. -N. C. Chu

Treasurer-S. K. Cheung

Recording Secretary-B. K. Chau Secretaries-E. H. Lockwood, S. C. Leung, C. K. Tse, L. K. Chu, C. C. Cheung and T. M. Mark

KOWLOON FRONTIER DISTRICT OF THE CHINESE MARITIME CUSTOMS

This is the inclusive name given to the Chinese Maritime Customs stations adjacent to Hongkong and established in 1887 in accordance with the Chefoo Agreement of 1876 and its Additional Article of 1885 for the purpose of recording the movement of opium and of collecting duty on the trade carried on by Chinese junks between Hongkong and Chinese ports. In 1899, when the New Territory was taken over by Hongkong, the Customs stations were removed from their former locations, which had been brought within the British boundary, and the present stations are situated at Taishan, Lintin, Shumchün, Shatowkok, Shaüchung, and Samun (Tooniang), besides which there are a number of frontier patrol posts on the north shores of Deep and Mirs Bays and between the two bays. The net value of the trade in 1931 was Hk. Tls. 38,911,365 (not including re-export to Chinese Ports Hk. Tls. 25,076,096) as compared with Hk. Tls. 54,518,285 in 1930 Hk. Tls. 58,506,782 in 1929, Hk. Tls. 66,112,037 in 1928, Hk. Tls. 65,016,831 in 1927, and Hk. Tls. 19,964,895 in 1926.

DIRECTORY

關龍九 Kow loon kwan

CHINESE MARITIME CUSTOMS (Kowloon & District)-Hong Kong Address: Third Floor, York Building, Chater Road Central, Teleph. 28491/6; Cable Ad: Code Hongkong

Commissioner-E. N. Ensor Acting Deputy Commissioner

Ashdowne

Assistants-T. M. Wong, I. S. Cheung, J. H. L. Turner, K. C. Pun, S. K. Hui, K. P. Cheng and S. S. Lui Medical Officers G. D. R. Black and

C. H. Wan

Launch Inspector A. Macintyre Tidesurveyor-W. J. Fulker Examiners-F. Benoist, W. A. Palmer.

H. I. Eriksen, J. G. Foot,, H. Collier and Chou En

Boat Officers G. Flynn, M. W, Hallums, G. Watson, Y. C. Yang and G. Moorcroft

Tidewaiters-K. L. Lo, E. F. Carlsen, FJ Morton, FC Parr, C. E Temlett,

S. Halliwell, F. W. Wright, J. L. Boyes, R. G. Ward and 35 Chinese tidewaiters and 3 Chinese proba- tionary tidewaiters!

Clerks-26 Chinese Clerks Waiter-P. C. Cheng Copists-12 Chinese copyists Shroffs-4 Chinese shroffs

Revenue Launches:

Commander A. F. Horden

2nd Officers-1. MacRobert, J. Dickson

and S., W. Thomas

1st Engineer-V. B. Glover 2nd Engineer-S. H. Morrow Wireless Operator-C. Y. Leung

"Cheongkenges!

In-charge-L. L. Foxall

Launch Officer-C. E, Temlett Midshipman T. W. Tang

Yeungshing"

In-charge St. E. M. F. Haslett Launch Officer J. Morton Midshipman F. L, Chung “Kwanlui"S CO

In-charge MJ W Hallums : Launch Officer J. L. Boyes "Kongmoon

In-charge G. Watson

2zHeroqul „A

gil Jungk

bi7 :DA sids!) ; 1995 A

nego buв 104ɔingorg ladoi7 /

79%kakut-die is 2 T

Lappa is the large, hilly island which shelters the inner harbour of Macao on its western side. It is also called by the Chinese Kung Pak or Tui Lien Shan, and by the Portuguese Patera Island. The island itself, which is within the jurisdiction of the Tongkawan (Chungshan) Magistrate, possesses no features of interest; but it has given its name to the chain of stations under the control of the Chinese Maritime Customs which were established around Macao, by agreement with the Portuguese Government, in the year 1887. Of these stations, the two principal-from a revenue collecting point of view are at Malowchow, an islet close to Lappa, and Chienshan, north of Green Island...

The trade of Lappa for the year 1931 may hardly be considered as a normal one, although climatic conditions were not the worst recorded in the districts of Chung- shan, Sunwui and Toishan. The enforcement of the new Import Tariff has greatly affected the importation of piece goods, sugar, matches and valuable medicines; the abolition of Likin, and inland taxes has caused a portion of the trade with places in the Delta to take the direct routes through Canton or Kongmoon instead of via Lappa, since most of the goods from Hongkong and Macao passing through the Lappa Stations were of native origin. Towards the end of the year foreign trade, particular- ly British, has shown signs of improvement on account of the drop in the value of sterling and boycott of Japanese goods. The net value of trade passing the Lappa Stations in 1931 was Hk. Tls. 15,221,747 as against Hk. Tls. 16,842,073 in the preced- ing year.

Road construction has been, the main feature for this part of the province. The main road from the Macao Barrier Gate to inland places of the Chungshan District was built several years ago by the Kikwan Highway Company. There are several branch-roads stretching as far as Shekki, the business centre of the District, a distance of 38.37 miles from Macao. The Company maintains excellent services between Macao and Shekki, passing the village of Choy Hang, the home of the late Dr. Sun Yet-sen. A branch line has also been inaugurated connecting Ha-chak and Tongka or Chung Shan Port, the site of the present magistracy.

DIRECTORY

北拱 Kung palk kwan

CHINESE MARITIME CUSTOMS (Lappa District)-2, Rua dos Prazeres, Macao

Commissioner-A. L. M. C. Pichon

Assists. H. J. de Garcia, Lai Kam-

poo, Ho Chan Hua and Huang Nai Chang

Tidesurveyor-- A. G. Borras

Boat Officers-J. H. Gibbons, J. R.

Foster and Loy Chee-sang Examiners E. Leopold, A. J. Payne

and Leung Ping Hon

Preventive Launch-C. P. L. Lung-

Officer-in-charge-J. R. Foster

KONGMOON

Kong moon

Kongmoon was added to the list of treaty ports on 7th March, 1904, in accordance with the stipulations of Article X. of the Mackay Treaty. A British Consulate was established, but withdrawn in 1905. Kongmoon is located some three miles up a creek on the West River, in the Kwangchow Prefecture of the Kwangtung Province in Lat. 22° 34′ 49′′ N. and Long. 113° 8′ 53′′ E., and is about 45 miles distant from Macao, 70 from Canton and 87 from Hongkong. The creek on which it is built connects the West River with the sea at Gaemoon, and is a narrow and tortuous stream, the lower

KONGMOON

reaches of which, near the main river, are lined with rafts, while further up in the vicinity of the town it is crowded with native craft of every description, thus rendering navigation for steamers difficult at all times, but especially so when the current runs fast during the summer months. The steamer anchorage is in the West River at the mouth of the Creek, opposite the Chinese Maritime Customs, but the town is included in the port limits. The population of Kongmoon is about 55,000, and it has the appearance of being a more populous centre, as it extends for a considerable distance on both banks of the stream. Formerly it was a business centre of considerable importance, but various causes have arisen which appear to have lessened its commercial standing and interfered adversely with the general prosperity of the port. It was generally considered that the proximity of Kongmoon to Hongkong and Macao and its favourable situation as an outlet and distributing centre for the southern prefectures of the province augured well for its future prosperity and development. This was, to some extent, true, but it should be remembered that facts have arisen which have tended to diminish rather than increase its commercial importance. Formerly it enjoyed direct communication with Shanghai and Foochow and was the real outlet and distributing centre for the south-western district of the delta and the Southern prefectures of the province. The development of Hongkong. and the opening of Kiungchow and Pakhoi as treaty ports, however, have seriously interfered with the junk trade and general welfare of the port, and have, besides, opened up other trade routes to districts hitherto dependent upon Kongmoon for their supplies.

At present there are no indications that the sanguine expectations, based upon imperfect knowledge, entertained concerning the over-estimated commercial possibilities of the place will be speedily, if ever, realized. There is daily steam com- munication with Hongkong, and considerable numbers of vessels trading under the Inland Waters Regulations arrive and depart daily. There are also several large junks trading regularly to Hongkong, Macao, and the island of Hainan. A railway from Kongmoon to Tonshan on the coast, a distance of about 80 miles, was constructed in 1909-10 under the supervision of native engineers, trained in America, but it stops short six miles from the sea, as to take the line right down would involve laying out a new town on the water-front and dredging operations The train now cross the South-West River by means of a pontoon ferry at Ngauwan (✈✈✈), but the construction of a bridge across the river between Tanshuihat (□) and Kungyikfou ( 4 ) was commenced in 1931. It is expected that this bridge will be completed in about two years and the line will then be looped at Sechian) Station. The completion of the bridge will enable freight trains to be run between Kongmoon and Toushan, which the present light pontoon ferry does not admit of. A branch line of the Sunning Rail- way was opened in 1920 from Sunning city. to Paksha. The company maintained a regular service between Pakkai and Towshan during 1930 and realised a net profit of some $90,000 on the year's working. A telegraph office was opened on the 8th December, 1907, in, the town, and in November, 1911, in the Settlement, and telegraphic communication is now possible with the Fatshan office. A high road between Kongmoon and Hok- shan, a town some 50 miles away, has been constructed, and a public company was formed, with a capital of $240,000, to make roads from Sunwui to Kong- moon and thence to Pakkai which will be suitable for motor traffic. The motor road from Hokshan to Sunwui was officially opened on January 10th, 1922.

Considerable development has taken place in road-making and the Kongmoon-Pakkai motor road, about 3 miles in length and connecting the steamer anchorage with the city itself was opened to traffic during the early part of 1930, and a motor-bus' service was formally inaugurated on the 2nd June of that year.

TRADE IN 1931

In the Annual Report on the Trade of China issued by the China. Mari- time Customs Service it is recorded that Kongmoon experienced an exceedingly difficult year in 1931. The year 1930 closed with the purchasing power of sil- ver falling daily to new low records, but the full effects of this decline, were not fully realised until 1931. These exchange difficulties, coupled with the introduction on 1st January of a highly protective Import Tariff,, had the effect of creating a demand for native, commodities wherever these could be

KONGMOON

substituted for foreign products; while the well-organised smuggling associa- tions operating from Hong Kong, Macao, and Kwangcnowwan, were quick to seize the increased opportunities for profit afforded by the new tariff rates. In March the province declared itself independent of the Central Government at Nanking, and a policy of extreme caution and shortened credits was adopted. After the outbreak of the troubles in Manchuria. a rigid boycott of Japanese goods was maintained, which caused a sharp falling off in direct imports. The abolition of likin and extra-50 li Native Customs im- posts on the 1st January resulted in a brisk trade with the southern dis- tricts in goods of native provenance, and the abolition of the Native Cus- toms establishments at the ports on the 1st June excited further activity in this trade. The decline in the value of the importations of cotton piece goods from approximately Tls. 533,000 to the exceedingly low figure of Tls. 117,000 illustrate the effect of the adverse exchange, the higher tariff schedule, and the boycott of Japanese goods. Building activities in the interior account for the doubled importations of iron bars, sheets, and plates, and, together with road construction, for the increased demand for cement. Foreign matches practically disappeared from the market on account of cost and were replaced by the products of the local factory. The require- ments for motor traffic are continually growing, and 11 new sections of road- way in the district were under construction during the year. Exports of white raw silk again decreased, but silk products not otherwise enumerated left the port to a value of Tls. 137,000. The orange harvest was an exception- ally good one. Prices ruled high and 43,785 piculs went abroad, as against only 18,342 piculs during 1930. Results in the palm-leaf and the paper in- dustries also were satisfactory. Rice had to be imported from abroad, how- ever, owing to the poor local crops. Work was commenced on the long-con- templated bridge at Kungyifow on the Sunning Railway, the contract being for Hong Kong $56,000 and Gold $17,000; and the telephone trunk line be- tween Kongmoon and Canton was all but completed during the year.

The net value of the port's trade in 1931 was Hk. Tls. 17,273,754 as com- pared with Hk Tls. 12,027,160 in 1930, Hk. Tls. 10,423,521 in 1929 and Hk. Tls. 9,009,888 in 1928.

The principal articles of export consist of prepared tobacco, joss-sticks, strawmats, paper, palm-leaf fans, fresh oranges and fresh vegetables; imports are largely represented by rice, foreign piece-goods, kerosene oil, sugar, wheat flour, and forign sundries, including a variety of Japanese commodities of a cheap nature. Large quantities of softwood poles are floated down in the form of rafts, which are dismantled here. These mostly come from beyond Wuchow and also from the North River. The yearly value of this branch of the trade is estimated at about $750,000. Owing to the frequent piracies in the delta, the cocoon market hitherto established at Yungki has been transferred to Kongmoon, and during the season the numerous steam launches and boats employed in this line of business give the port in front of the settlement a lively and animated appearance. There is a silk filature in the town which affords employment to about 300 women; the total cut-turn of silk amounts to about 100 cattics per day. An interesting local industry is the dredging of large shells, from which a good quality of lime is made. The annual pro- duction of these shells is estimated at 200,000 piculs, worth about $40,000. Quite an important industry has sprung up in Kongmoon, namely, the prc- serving and canning of Chinese fruit for export abroad, where it is consumed by the numerous Chinese in America, Australia and the Straits Settlements. Paper, which finds a ready market in Hongkong, is manufactured by the Kongmoon Paper Mill. The unique opportunities presented for transport by the unrivalled waterways of the delta have been well developed by native enterprise, and there is a large and lucrative_passenger trade with Canton, Fatshan, Sancheong, Hongkong, Macao, etc. Large, roomy native passenger boats towed by powerful launches are engaged in this trade. The surrounding country is picturesque, fertile and highly cultivated, and the inhabitants are

KONGMOON

prosperous and industrious. Rice is, of course, the principal crop, and it is miled locally, but mulberry shoots are very extensively cultivated for sale in the silk-producing centres, and large quantities of fresh vegetables are exported to supply the Hongkong market.

DIRECTORY

ASIATIC PETROLEUM Co. (South China),

LTD.--Cable Ad: Petrosilex

W. Wooding

T. M. Long

BRITISH-AMERICAN TOBACCO Co. (CHINA),

LTD. Cable Ad: Powhattan

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME

Commissioner-A. S. Campbell Assistants-Chan Leung Sing, Lo

Man-chung and Leung Im

Medical Officers-W. B. McClure and

V. Cheung

Tidesurveyor and Harbour Master-

H. Connaughton

Examiners--A. I. Masloff and Li Shu

Man Kwok Tse Chu Way

INTERNATIONAL SAVINGS SOCIETY (TARK YEE Co.)-1st Floor-48, Shee Yun Street; Cable Ad: Intersavin. Head Office: 7, Ave, Edward VII, Shanghai (Agency

(Agency Controlled by Canton Branch)

Yee Gin Wah, agent

POST OFFICE, Chinese

Postal Commr.-(residing at Canton Postmaster-Su Hsueh Jen

SOCONY-VACUUM

Ad: Socony

CORPORATION-Cable

Seung Kai Hong, mariager

TEXAS CO. (CHINA), LTD., THE, Petroleum

Products-Cable Ad: Texaco

K. H. Tam

UNITED CHURCH OF CANADA MISSION

Rev. T. A. Broadfoot, B.A., B.D., secy.

and treasurer

Mrs. T. A. Broadfoot, R.N. (on leave) Harvey W. Becking, B.A.

Mrs. Harvey Becking

Dr. W. B. McClure, M.D., D.P.H. (on

Mrs. McClure (on leave)

Dr. John A. McDonald, M.D., C.M. (on

Mrs. John A. McDonald (on leave) Miss B. M. Cairns

Rev. W. R. McKay, M.A., B.D., and wife Dr. V. Cheung

Miss M. Carroll

Miss R. N. Isaac, R.N.

Rev. D. McRae, B.A., B.D. (Shek Kei) Mrs. McRae (Shek Kei)

Dr. J. O. Thomson M. D. and wife

(Canton)

Miss M.. E. MacKay, R.N.

水三 Sàn-shui

The Treaty port of Samshui, opened in 1897 under the Burinah Convention-nearly 40 years after Consul Harry Parkes' East River Expedition-is situated near the junc- tion of the West and North Rivers, in lat. 23 deg. 6 min. 30 sec. N., and long. 112 deg. 53 min. and 48 sec. E. The anchorage known as Hokow, at which foreigners reside, was formerly an ordinary Chinese fishing village, with boat-building as its leading industry, and a flooded state in summer as its characteristic peculiarity, but it is fast becoming a busy mart. According to the Convention, the town of Samshui and Kongkun (a small village situated among the hills opposite Hokow) together constitute the port area. The formal opening took place on 4th June, 1897, since which date the trade of the port increased steadily until July, 1925, when the strike and boycott inaugurated against Hongkong shipping caused an unprecedented falling off in imports. The junk traffic is large, and the abolition of the likin station at this port and at the stage ports-Shiuhing and Dosing-from the beginning of 1931 was undoubtedly a great boon to merchants. This was evidenced by the fact that the number of cargo junks have since increased remarkably. The district city of Samshui itself was once surrounded by an imposing wall built in the 6th year of Chia Ching of the Mings (about A.D. 1560), the year after the place attained to the dignity of a magistracy. This wall was completely demolished in 1930 and the tract of land obtained thereby was transformed into a circular maloo, and some of the bricks were used for the con- struction of a public garden, known as the Chung Shan Garden, which was formally opened by the Magistrate on the 28th June, 1930. Whatever prosperity the town may once have acquired has departed, and within the town, where dwell the magistrate and the commander of the few local troops, the space is but half occupied by poor dwelling houses and one small street containing provision shops. Outside the North Gate which is now disappeared stands an imposing temple temp. Chia Ch'ing of the Ch'ing Dynasty (Circa 1800). Between the town and the river is a fine nine-storied pagoda, rebuilt during the reign of Chia Ch'ing, some 100 years ago.

The business focus of the district is Sainam, a large well-built town of no great antiquity, three miles distant, on the creek leading to Fatshan. At Sainam there is established an electric plant which supplies Samshui with light.

Two sets of steamship lines converge here from Canton and Hongkong, respec- tively, and tourists in China can do many worse things than visit the West River which presents more beautiful scenery than is to be found on any steamer route in China the Yangtsze gorges, perhaps, excepted. Since 1st May, 1905, Samshui has been made a port of entry for foreign steamers going up the West River. Numerous steam launches carrying passengers or towing passenger-boats ply between Sam- shui and neighbouring cities on the West and North Rivers and on the creek leading to Fatshan and Canton. A railway line from Canton to Samsliui via Fatshan was inaugurated on the 26th September, 1904, and five trains run daily each way between Canton and Samshui. The climate of the port is as healthy as any in the delta. In the summer, frequent squalls cool the air, and it is seldom that there is not a breeze of some kind; in winter, the air is fresh and clear. The waterways and surrounding country are picturesque, and the adjacent heights offer pleasant walks. Excursions of one or two days enable one to climb Mt. McCleverty (2,000 ft.), at the mouth of the Samshui Reach; or Ting Hu Shan (4,000 ft.), behind the celebrated temple known to foreigners as "Howlik," near which is to be found the popular bathing pool and fall; or the hills forming the first gorge, from which used to be quarried the famous ink-stone known throughout China as Tuan Yen. Perhaps the most interesting of the sights in the neighbourhood are the Seven Star Hills, which are situated close to the pleasant town of Shiu Hing, some 30 miles from the port. These hills, formed of pure white marble rising to a height of about 400 feet from the plain, hold many temples-some apparently clinging to the sides of the cliffs-and caves and grottoes. The fine bronze figures of more than life-size in one of these temples are well worthy of attention. Fair snipe shooting is to be obtained in the winter, and an occasional pheasant, partridge, quail or duck may be added to the bag. The attractions of good sport and pleasing surroundings have made Samshui a week end resort for some of the Canton community confined to the small island of Shameen.

A telegraph service is maintained from Sainan. A nice building for the Post Office, situated alongside the road leading from the railway-station to the stone jetty, was completed and opened to the public on September 9th, 1921. There are no Consulates established; the Consuls within whose districts Samshui lies reside either in Canton or Hongkong.

TRADE IN 1931.

Trade conditions in 1931 at Samshui were far from being satisfactory. On top of the continued advance in the prices of various commodities caused by the depreciation in silver, a higher Import Tariff was enforced from 1st January, 1931, the result being that for the first 5 months of the years almost all branches of business were brought to a standstill. A revival of trade was, however, witnessed in the middle of the year, but, unfortunately, at the beginning of October an anti-Japanese boycott made its appearance here and ever since no Japanese goods have been imported. In fact the existence of the boycott was responsible for the withdrawal of no less than 9'steamers from the Hong Kong Wuchow run on account of shortage of freight-receipts and high cost of up-keep which brought about serious financial embarrassment to all the shipping companies. The port was visited by 3 floods during the months of June, July and August. The highest water mark recorded was 21′ 4′′ above zero on the 2nd and 3rd July, causing great damage to dykes, paddy fields and buildings in and around the port. The net value of trade coming under the cognizance of the Customs during 1931 was Hk. Tls. 5,198,957 as compared with Hk. Tls: 5,180,489 in 1930, Hk. Tls. 8,148,331 in 1929, Hk. Tls. 7,586,227 in 1928 and Hk. Tls. 5,462,065 in 1927.

DIRECTORY

ASIATIC PETROLEUM Co. (SOUTH

CHINA), LD. Cable Ad: Petrosilex,

Tapcolo; Code: 6th edn. A.B.C.

E. B. Gammell, in-charge

BRITISH-AMERICAN

(CHINA), LTD.

Yat Kee, agents

TOBACCO COMPANY

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME

Assistant-Hsieh Yu Chan

Atg. Commissioner-N. H. Schregarduo

Tidesurveyor and Harbour Master-

Ho Wan Chong

Chief Examiner I. Y. Vylegjanin

SOCONY-VACUUM CORPORATION

記 逸 Yat kee

YAT KEE, Commission Agents

Agencies

British-American

(China), Ld.

Kam Hing Steamship Co.

Kwai Lum Steamship Co.

Sai On Steamship Co.

Trú châu

Wuchow, opened to foreign trade on June 4th, 1897, by the Special Article of the Burmah Convention, is situated on the Sikiang or West River at its junction with the Fu or Kuei (Cassia) River. By the steamer routes at present authorised it is distant about 220 miles from Hongkong and Canton. Wuchow is the limit of navigation for ocean-going steamers; but, during eight months in the year, vessels drawing not more than 3 feet can reach Kueihsien (150 miles beyond Wuchow), and Nanning (360 miles from here) can be reached almost all the year round by boats drawing 2 ft. The population of the city and suburbs is estimated at about 65,000; it is slowly increas- ing, more especially in the riverine suburbs, which comprise the business quarter. The annual inundations caused by the rise in the river-there is an average difference of 60 feet between the winter and summer levels-are a source of great inconvenience to the inhabitants and at times bring about a total cessation of business. To obviate this, the principal steamship offices, the Custom House and other Tax Offices are located on pais (houses built on pontoons), moored alongside the river bank. In July, 1924, Wuchow was visited by a very high flood--73 feet 9 inches-which is the second highest on record. In winter the only local industry worthy of mention is boat building; when the river falls the foreshore is lined with matsheds, where native craft of all descriptions are constructed. The situation of Wuchow inakes it the natural distributing centre for the trade between Kweichow, Eastern Yunnan, Kwangsi, and Hongkong and Canton. The future is full of promise, and Wuchow sure to make a bold bid for second place as the largest trade mart in the south of China. Local merchants are making strenuous efforts to divert to Wuchow, via the Liuchow and West Rivers, the trade of south-eastern Kweichow, which is principally supplied via the Yangtsze. Attempts are being made to work the manganese, antimony, copper, and tin mines which abound in the Kwangsi Province.

The gross value of the trade coming under the cognisance of the Maritime Cus- toms had steadily grown to Tls. 23,237,078 in 1920, but subsequently, owing to frequent military operations and the disturbed state of the country, the trade diminished to Tls. 11,952,197 in 1922, this being the smallest figure on record sinse 1908. The value of trade recovered to Hk. Tls. 17,485,294 in 1923 and Hk. Tls. 21,030,247 in 1924, but owing to the boycott of Hongkong, in 1925 it fell again to Hk. Tls. 13,604,856. The boycott ended in October, 1926, and the trade for that year recovered to Hk. Tls. 17,291,745 In 1928 the figures further increased to Hk. Tls. 27,942,671 as compared with Hk. Tls. 23,004,288 in 1927, but fell again in 1929 to Hk. Tls. 21,860,065 owing to military disturbances, in 1930 to H.k. Tis. 22,256,711, and in 1931 to H.k. Tls. 24,200,311 ̈

Mr. A., Casati notes in his report that during the five months of 1931 'the Cantonese army controlled Wuchow, the chief trading centre of Kwangsi province, which considerably hindered the free novement of produce within the province. A large proportion of the smaller vessels on the rivers was commandeered for military purposes, besides which heavy tolls were exacted on cargo under transport from one place to another. Upon the secession of Kwangtung from the Central Gov- ernment at Nanking in May however, an alliance was formed between the hitherto contending factions in the Liang Kwang. The evacuation of the Cantonese forces from Kwangsi which was completed in June resulted in the resumption of traffic by motor vessels and junks between Wuchow and inland cities, and the export trade of this port greatly benefited under these more favourable conditions.

The total mileage of motor roads in Kwangsi is estimated at about 1,800 miles. Strenuous efforts are being made by the authorities to repair the existing roads which are in bad state. It is the intention to connect Wuchew with Kweilin by a motor road in the near future. Kwangsi now possesses an air force all her own. It is composed of a fleet of some 15 aeroplanes of British make. The construction of the Wuchow

Municipal Water-works has made good progress during the past twelve months, and if no further delay is experienced the Wuchow Municipality should be able to supply the local inhabitants with an abundant supply of good water in the near future. Rickshas appeared for the first time in Wuchow in the middle of December 1931, prior to which date this method of locomotion was prohibited in this port.

The Kwangsi University which was formally opened by General Huang Shao- hsiung on the 10th October 1928 and which was closed during the following year when Wuchow was occupied by Cantonese troops, was re-opened on the 15th September 1931.

The principal articles of export are manganese ore, antimony, timber oils (aniseed) cassia, groundnut, and wood), tea, indigo, hides, live stock and firewood. The coal which should form one of Wuchow's largest exports, still lies buried in the surrounding hills. There is daily steam communication with Canton and Hongkong, maintained by Portuguese, British and Chinese steamers, some of which are manned by foreign officers, and have first-class passenger accommodation. During the last few years a large native passenger trade has sprung up between Wuchow and upriver towns, and a fleet of motor boats make regular trips to Konghau, Kuaiping, Kueihsien and Nanning. Wuchow itself offers few attractions to the tourist, but the river scenery on the way up, especially between the Shiuhing and Takhing Gorges, where the stream winds in and out among the green hills to form a succession of apparent lakes, is picturesque and has been compared to the Rhine. Wuchow is connected by telegraph with Hongkong, Shanghai, etc.; and the Chinese Post has established postal communi- cation with the principal towns in Kwangsi. In 1922 the Maritime Customs completed the erection of six new buildings to accommodate the whole of their staff. These houses, some of which are three storeys high, are constructed of ferro-concrete in the most up-to-date style. They are brilliant examples of modern tropical buildings, and are the chief architectural feature of Wuchow.

DIRECTORY

Ah Sai Ah

PETROLEUM Co.

CHINA), LTD.

E. D. Lawrence

R. G. Edwardes-Jones

C. G. Agnew (at Nanning)

Fu 天 Teen Woo

BANKERS & Co., Merchants and Com-

mission Agents-Shipping Office:

Bankers' Pontoon; Teleph. 264; Cable Ad: Banker

C. M. Sin, manager

BRITISH-AMERICAN TOBACCO COMPANY

(CHINA), LTD.-Teleph. 262

S. C. Koo, manager

公司公限有險保昌旗

Kee chong po him yau han kung sze

China Underwriters, Ltd., Life

Fire, Marine and General Insurance-

111, Kau Fong Road; Cable Ad: Botelho. Head Office: Hongkong

Botelho Bros., general agents

CONSULATE

Tai peh kwok Ling sz kun

Consul General (residing in H'kong)

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME

Commissioner—A. Casati

Assistants-Au Shih She, Harry Mo

and Ho Chun-min

Tidesurveyor and Harbour Master-

J. M. Nisbet

Acting Boat Officer--Wong Cheong

Examiners B. D. Izatt, A. A. Irschen- ko, A. V. Adlington, W. A. Artlett, Ng Chi Cheung, Leung Chak Lam and Wan Hung

Man Kwok Tse Chu Way

INTERNATIONAL SAVINGS SOCIETY-Kau

Fong Street; Cable Ad: Intersa- vin. Head Office: 7, Avenue Ed- ward VII, Shanghai, (Agency con- trolled by Canton Branch)

Lam Kok-cho, agent

MISSIONS

ALLIANCE MISSION

WUCHOW-KWEILIN

Rev. W. H. Oldfield and Wife Rev. Philip Hinkey and Wife Rev. J. A. Poole and wife Rev. W. C. Newbern 'and wife Rev. A. F. Desterhaft and wife

Rev. Gustave Woerner and Wife

Rev. T. P. Worsnip and wife Miss B. M. Tonkin

Miss M. K. Oppelt Miss P. R. Seely

Miss R. E. Lindstrom

Miss L. F. Marsh

John Bechtel and Wife

BAPTIST MISSION

Rev. Rex Ray and wife

Miss Mollie J. McMinn Miss Pearl Johnson Dr. Geo, W. Leavell

Mrs. G. W. Leavell

H. H. Snuggs

Mrs. H. H. Snuggs

STOUT MEMORIAL HOSPITAL (Baptist

Mission)

Dr. G. W. Leavell, M.D., supt.

POST OFFICE

Acting Deputy Postal Commissioner-

Tye Pao-hua (in charge)

SOCONY-VACUUM

Ad: Socony

R. R. Pearson

V. W. Davis

CORPORATION-Cable

TEXAS CO. THE, Petroleum Products

-Cable Ad: Texaco

Chan Lai Yee, in-charge

行總州梧司 公 衆 合

UNITED TRADING CO., THE, General Importers, Exporters and Commission

Agents-66, Sui Nam Road; Teleph. 87.

Canton Branch: Ching Hoi Road; P.O.

Box 77; Cable Ad: 1122

M. Lee, manager

H. M. Wong

P. W. Shek

C. W. Luk

S. K. Chiu (Canton)

KWEILIN DIRECTORY

AMERICAN SOUTHERN BAPTIST MISSION

Miss Hattie Stallings

Miss Reba Stewart

Miss Mattie Vie Summer

Rev. Robert L. Bausum and wife

Dr. J. Mansfield Bailey and wife

院醫會信浸林桂西廣國中

KWEILIN BAPTIST HOSPITAL (South

China Mission, Southern Baptist Convention)

Dr. J. Mansfield Bailey and wife

Nan-ning

An Imperial Edict issued in 1899 authorised the voluntary opening of Nanning as a Trade Mart, but it was not until 1st January, 1907, that the port was formally opened to foreign trade. Nanning is situated on the left bank of the Yukiang, the most important tributary flowing into the West River from the south, and is 368 miles above Wuchow and 213 miles below Lungchow. It lies in the centre of a wide and fertile plain at a sharp bend of the river, which here describes nearly two- thirds of the arc. of a circle and, according to the report of the West River Survey of 1915, is some 400 feet above mean sea-level. The climate is healthy, the temperature in the height of summer seldom exceeding 90 degrees (F.) and in the winter not falling below 40. Nanning is the capital city of the Province of Kwangsi and the seat of the highest Civil and Military officials. About one mile south of the walled city is the area which has been set apart as the Commercial Settlement, in which are situated the foreign merchants' business offices and residences, the Customs Estab- lishment, and the Settlement sub-Post Office. The Settlement was purchased out of Provincial public funds and the laying out of roads, constructing and repairing the bund, and the maintenance of law and order within its boundaries are in the hands of a Board presided over by the Superintendent of Customs. Land within the Settlement cannot be purchased, but may be leased for a period of 30 years, and on expiry the lease may be renewed for another period of 30 years. Foreigners desiring to lease land within the Settlement must make their application through their Consul.

Next to Wuchow, Nanning is the most important port in the Province, because it is the center linking the Provinces of Yunnan, Hunan, Kweichow, and Canton. There are about 500 cars on the 5000 li of motor roads in the Province, with about twenty cars passing daily through Nanning. The motor roads, Nanning-Wuchow, Nanning-Liuchow-Kweilin, and Nanning- Lungchow are kept in good repair with a bus service running daily carry- ing mails and passengers. Nanning is also connected with the outside world by the river. During the summer months when the river is high, it takes only two days to reach Wuchow, but about four days to reach Indo-China, because we are going up-river and against the current. The work of moder- nizing the city of Nanning has made good progress, besides the two long asphalt streets completed three years ago, there are two other limestone streets already completed, and one cement street under construction, thereby link- ing the city by motor cars, from one section to the other. There is a great demand for gasoline and lubricating oils, because besides the automobiles demand for them, there is an aviation school, which uses an enormous amount of gasoline daily. Plans are under way to connect Nanning with the out- side world by air, there being about twenty planes here already. Nanning has a population of 60,000 and the outlook being very bright for trade has drawn the people from the other provinces to try their luck here, and with this increased population new and big houses are springing up everywhere to meet the demand. The civilization of the West has penetrated into Nan- ning, and although an interior town, it can claim to have foreign-style houses, fully furnished with up-to-date furniture, fittings and fixtures. A radio is no uncommon thing in the homes of the wealthier classes.

TRADE IN 1931.

During the first quarter 1931 there was practically no trade owing to the Kwangtung and Kwangsi hostilities which had not quite ceased as late as April. Communications with Wuchow were regularly resumed early in March and the Customs House which ceased to function since August 1930 was re- opened on 28th March.

NANNING-KOUANG-TCHEOU-WAN

The total value of net (i.e., Gross Foreign Imports less Foreign Re-ex- ports abroad) trade passing through the Maritime Customs during the year amounted to Hk. Tls. 1,688,206 as against Hk. Tls. 315,602 in 1930, Hk. Tls. 5,959,313 in 1929 and Hk. Tls. 6,523,908 in 1928. It should be observed that trade was running its normal course only for three months during 1930 owing to the civil war. If compared with 1929, it showed a decrease of approxi mately 20 per cent

DIRECTORY

ASIATIC PETROLEUM COMPANY (SOUTH

CHINA), LTD.

BRITISH-AMERICAN TOBACCO CO.

Lam Kwok Kon

CONSULATES

FRENCH CONSULATE

Consul (resides at Lungchow)

CUSTOMS, CHINESE

Ad: Custos

MARITIME--Cable

Commission, Chang Pai Leh

Assist.-Liu Shao-chien

Senior-Out-door Officer-Wong Hop Wo Examiner-Leung Kwok Choy

MISSIONS

EMMANUEL MISSION HOSPITALS

Dr. H. Rice

Rev. W. Stott

Rev. G. Hook

Miss L. M. Baird

Miss D. Landon

Miss E. Barrett

A. Fryer

MISSIONS ETRANGÈRES

Mgr. Albouy, évêque (Nanning) Rev. Pere Costenoble, provicaire (,,) Rev. Pere Labully (Nanning) Rev. Pere Cuenot

Rev. Pere Dalle

Rev. Pere Barriere (Lungchow)

Rev. J. M. Epalle (Silin)

Rev. L. Crocq (Tai Ping)

Rev. Teissier (Siang Chow)

Rev. Seosse (Kweihsien)

Rev. Courant (Silin)

Rev. Seguret (Silung)

Rev. Maurand (Silung) Rev. Rigal (Yungfu) Rev. Caysac (Haiyüan) Rev. Heraud (Sünchow) Rev. Peyrat (Luchay) Rev. Madiose (Pinglo) Rev. Maillot (Haiynan)

SEVENTH DAY ADVENTIST MISSION

P. V. Thomas and wife

Dr. D. Coffin and wife

POST OFFICE

Tye Pao-hua

Commissioner-Tsü Mong-Au

1st Class Postmaster

(Wuchow)

SOCONY VACUUM CORPORATION Cable

Ad: Socony

Hung Sau Sun

KOUANG-TCHEOU-WAN

Kwáng-chau-wan

The bay of Kwangchau (or according to the French official spelling, Kouang-Tcheou Wan), situated in the province of Kwangtung, was ceded on lease with the surrounding territories by a Convention between France and China, and occupied by the French on the 22nd of April, 1898. It is situated between 20 deg. 45 min. and 21 deg. 17 min. north latitude, and 107 deg. 55 min. and 108 deg. 16 min. east longitude at a distance more or less 230 miles west-south-west of Hongkong.

The two islands of Nao-tcheou and Tang-hai placed at the entrance of the bay make

KOUANG-TCHEOU-WAN

an excellent closed port into which entrance is by two narrow passages. The port measures about 15 miles long, and for about half of its length it is three or four miles in breadth. The depth of anchorage of 20 metres extends over a length of more than 10 miles and borders on the extremity of the junk port of Tchekam, an important commercial centre in constant communication with Macao, Hongkong, Hainan and Pakhoi. The neighbouring districts are well cultivated, and it is believed mineral beds will be found. The new French territory is only separated from the valley of the West River by chains of hills. Following the Convention of delimitation signed on the 16th of November, 1899, between Marshal Sou and Admiral Courrejolles, the territory of Kouang-Tcheou-Wan was placed under the authority of the Governor-General of Indo-China. The chief place of the territory is the town of Fort Bayard, which is at the entrance of the interior port on the right bank of the river Ma Tché. It is the commercial port, with the establishments of the civil administration, military service and the special offices.

Kouang Tcheou-Wan is a free port in which all commercial operations can be carried on without paying any duty. A regular bi-monthly line of steamers joins Kouang-tcheou-wan to Haiphong and Hongkong. Eight steamers of French-Chinese- ownership run between Kouang-Teleou-Wan and Hongkong. Commerce has already largely extended since the steamers entered this port in communication with the exterior ports, and it is expected to develop considerably. A regular service of automobiles runs between Fort Bayard and the towns, of Tchékam, Potsi, Sintchi, Taiping and Potéou and the Chinese towns of Soui-Kay, Wampo and Ompou. A new road connects Potao with Moui-Lock:

DIRECTORY

ADMINISTRATION SUPÉRIEURE Administrateur en chef du Territoire de

Kouang-Tcheou-Wan-Jabouille

CABINET DE L'ADMINISTRATEUR EN CHEF Administrateur Adjoint-M. Pénavaire

SERVICE DE LA SURETÉ ET DES ·

RENSEIGNEMENTS

Chef de Service-M. Pénavaire

BUREAUX DU TERRITOIRE Administrateur Adjoint-M. Pénavaire, administrateur adjoint de 2è classe des services civils de l'Indochine Receveur de l'Enregistrement-

-Moinar- deau, comptable contractuel des ser- vices civils

Chef de la Comptabilité-Moinardeau

POLICE MARITIME

Chargé du Port-Cerati

TRAVAUX PUBLICS

Ingénieur des Travaux Publics-Claverin

Maître de Phare-Couapel

JUSTICE DE PAIX

1° Juge de Paix à Compétence étendue-

Lieb, administrateur adjoint des services civils de l'Indochine

Greffier-Notaire--Stalter

2° Tribunal Mixte, Président du Tribunal

2 Assesseurs Chinoistires au sort tous les trimestres sur une liste de douze notabilités

Payeur du Territoire-Pernès

ENSEIGNEMENT

Dir. du Collège "Albert Sarraut”— M. Gras Institutrice Adjointe Mme. Leguezennec

SERVICE SANITAIRE

Jeansotte, commandant des troupes coloniales, médecin chef de l'hôpital à Fort-Bayard, chargé des services extérieurs et de l'arraisonnement. Docteur Tsin

Pierre Wong, médecin contractuel

André Wong, médecin

SERVICE MILITAIRE

Comdt. d'Armes-Frojani, capitaine

KOUANG-TCHEOU-WAN-PAKHOI

STATION DE TELEGRAPHIE SANS FIL Chef de Station-M. Coste

POSTES ET TÉLÉGRAPHES

Receveur Leguezennec, 2 bureaux de postes et telegraphes à Fort Bayard, Tchékam

GENDARMERIE.

Commandant la Brigade-Cerati Gendarmes-Bonvalot et Goertz

GARDE INDIGÈNE

Inspr., ppal. de 3è cl. Comdt. la Brig.-

Comptable Labeye

Grades Principaux, Chefs de Poste Potsi: Marc-garde, ppal. stagiaire Taiping: Fanniere, sous-inpecteur de lè cl. Telunioun: Pigeonneau, garde ppal.

journalier Potao: Rebut, sous-inspecteur de lè cl. Tanghai: Desrioux, garde ppal. de lè cl. Naolcheon: Roudeaux, garde ppal. de 2è cl.

VILLE DE TCHÉKAM

Administateur en chef des Colonies Résident-Maire- Fourcade

Médecins Contractuels - Dr. Tsin, Dr.

Pierre Wong

FORT-BAYARD

Chef-Lieu du Territoire de Kouang-Tcheou- wan, en communication avec Hanoi et Hongkong, Mission Catholique

Administrateur en chef du Territoire de

Kouang Tcheou Wan-Jabouille Administrateur Chargé du Centre Urbain

-Pénavaire

Garde Indigène-Girard, inspecteur prin-

cipal 3ème classe Douanes-Garde, receveur

Enregistrement-Moinardeau, receveur Instruction Publique-Gras, directeur Juge de Paix-Leib Médecin-Dr. Jeansotte Payeur-Pernès

Postes et Télégraphes-Leguezennec,

receveur

Kongkoc de Fort-Bayard-Tsang-Tsoc-

SOCIÉTÉ INDOCHINOIS D'ELECTRICITÉ

BANQUE DE L'INDOCHINE

COMPAGNIE INDOCHINOSE DE NAVIGATION

(C.I.N.)

Sam-Tai-Lee, agent

STANDARD OIL Co., Pendered

Administrateur de en chef de Colonies Résident-Maire de Tchèkam-M. Fourcade Kongkoc de la Ville--Tsang-Hoc-Tam

TEXAS CO. (CHINA), LTD., THE, Petro-

leum and its Products

T. N. Wong

Pakhoi was opened to foreign trade by the Chefoo Convention in 1877. It is situated on the Gulf of Tongking in long. E. 109 deg. 7 min. and lat. N. 21 deg. 29 min. The British Consul hoisted his flag on the 1st May, 1877, and a French Consulate was established in December, 1887.

The Chinese town is situated on a peninsula, at the western extremity of which are a few low hills (Kuantao Head DZ). It faces nearly due north, and in winter is much exposed to the force of the N.E. monsoon winds. These blow so hard at times as to interfere materially with the shipment and discharge of cargo from steamers in the harbour, the anchorage for which is situated opposite the western end of the town and a mile and a half from the Custom House at the eastern end of the town. The foreign residences are situated on slightly higher ground to the south of the town.

Extending to the south and east is a plain which is level for many miles, although the country gradually rises towards the north. Attempts at cultivation have been made upon this plain immediately to the south of the town, but with varying success. Very rough cart roads intersect the country in the vicinity of the port and are utilized for bringing in some of the produce from the surrounding district. The carts in use for this purpose are heavy, unwieldy vehicles of an almost pre-historic type. They are drawn largely by oxen and have huge solid wooden wheels of the most primitive pattern, by which, needless to say, the roads are badly cut up in wet weather. During the past two years an extensive road building programme has been carried out and there is now a motor service between Pakhoi and Limchow (H), Limehow and Shekhong ( ), and Limehow and Paksha (Ě). Another service connects Pakhoi with the large trade inart of Nanhong (). A bridge has finally been erected across the Paksha River which connects Pakhoi by motor road with Kwangchowwan, a distance of 180 miles. Sportsmen will find the following game in the vicinity of Pakhoi: quails, snipe, partridges, wild pigeons, wild ducks, and some woodcocks and pheasants. Tigers can still be found in the hills, some 25 miles to the N.E. of Limchow. Good cross-country riding is obtainable. The Pakhoi-Limchow motor-road is being kept in an excellent condition, and the pleasure of cycling and motor-cycling is afforded. The climate of the port during at least six months of the year is a trying one for Europeans, though the nights are, for the tropics, com- paratively cool. It is satisfactory to be able to state that the question of sanitation is receiving increasing attention as the modernisation of the town progresses. Accurate figures for the population of the town, as elsewhere in China, are difficult to obtain, but the number of inhabitants may perhaps be put at some 35,000. Fishing is one of the most important of the local industries, and a large number of vessels are employed in it. The manganese ore mines in the district of Ch'inchow (Yamchow H have developed a great deal of late years, and the export of this mineral through Pakhoi increases from year to year. The past year has seen many improve- ments in the municipality. The narrow lanes that served as thoroughfares have now been widened and paved. These streets and the new fronts to the shops give the impression of a new and modern city. New schools have gone up and the Middle School, housed in new buildings, has an attendance of over 400.

No railway construction has yet been commenced in the district, and there seems to be little likelihood of any of the projected undertakings assuming shape in the 'immediate future.

TRADE IN 1931

No political changes took place at Pakhoi during the first four months of the year, but in May the province declared its independence vis-a-vis the Nan- king Kovernment, and this aroused a feeling of considerable uncertainty as to what the outcome of this step would be and how it would affect the trade of the port.

An immediate effect was the closing of the local branch of the Central Bank of China, this bank closing its doors and leaving some $160,000 worth of its notes unredeemed for the time being on the market. The next consequence was the withdrawal of nearly all the troops to Canton to provide for eventualities there. This left a garrison of but 300 poorly equipped men to protect Pakhoi, and even these were soon taken away to assist in a bandit suppression campaign inland, so that the protection of the port then devolved upon Salt Office guards. From this time on, merchants and the community in general lived in constant fear of a descent of pirates or bandits on the defence- less port. Rumours of imperfling raids were plentiful, and circumstantial as to details; but the success of the campaign in the interior, and the const- quent dispersal of the bandit forces, resulted in Pakhoi being left undisturbed. As the virtual closing of the West River ports diverted trade to this port în 1930, so the opening up of traffic on that river detracted from the trade statistics of this port in 1931, and a general decrease is noticeable except în the value of exports to Chinese ports. The lessened demand from abroad, the low purchasing power of silver, the higher tariffs, and the anti-Japanese movement were contributing factors to the decline in trade. In the interest of the latter movement, pickets patrolled the beach and the vicinity of the Customs examination shed's during the last four months of the year, and cargo-boats were not allowed to go alongside Japanese steamers. The boycott

also resulted in the closing down of the two manganese ore mining companies, which had already suffered badly from the effects of brigandage in the vicinity of the mines. The motor road between Pakhoi and Kwangchowwan was opened to traffic in March of the year under review.

Pakhoi is the port for the important cities of Limehow () and Yamchow (H), whence considerable quantities of cargo of foreign origin (e.g., piece goods, etc.) were formerly distributed over the country lying between the West River and the seaboard. Since the opening of the West River to steam navigation, however, a con- siderable part of the trade has been diverted to that route and Pakhoi's commerce has suffered in consequence. The value of trade of the port in 1931 was Hk. Tls. 6,293,935 as compared with Hk. Tls. 6,859,730, in 1930, Hk. Tls. 4,226,673 in 1929, and Hk. Tls. 4,269,830 in 1928.

ASIATIC PETROLEUM CO., LTD.

Tai Cheong & Co., agents

BRITISH-AMERICAN TOBACCO CO. Wing Tai & Co. Agents

DIRECTORY

CENTRAL BANK OF CHINA-Cable Ad: 1135

Yuen Wing Chen, director

Wong Sai Kwong

COMPAGNIE INDO-CHINOISE DE NAVI-

Kung Yuan Tai,

"Tonkin")

CONSULATES

agency (S.S.

FRANCE AND PORTUGAL, Consulate also

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME

Commissioner--C. B. W. Moore

Assistants-Liang Chun Yen and

Fung Ting Ming

Medical Officers-Dr. R. E. J. Luisi and

S. Y. Sing

Acting Tidesurveyor and Harbour

Master-W. J. Fulker Examiner-J. H. Hunter

DISTRICT INSPECTORATE OF

OF SALT RE- VENUE (Pingnankuei Assistant Dis-

trict Inspectorate); Cable Ad: Adiate

Assist. Dist. Inspr.-Tong Wen-Fu

English Secretary Wu Kuo-tung

Accountant, Chin Chen Tsu

KAM SING CHEUNG (Pakhoi Branch).

Wong Sai Kwong, director,

Osaka Shosen Kaisha

Tai fat kwok Ling sz fu

in-charge of Portuguese interests

Consul for Pakhoi-Acting French

Consul M, Chaloiu

Chief Secy. Nguyen Phuong Dam Consular Hospital

Dr. P. J. B. F. Gouillon, M.D., C.L.H.,

head physician

Dr. Ngô Sĩ Quy, assistant

Consular School

Nguyen Phuong Dam, director

Lain Koang Tcheng, assistant

Tai ying kuok Ling sz kun

GREAT BRITAIN

Consul (residing in Canton)

KWONG CHEONG WO

China Navigation Co., Ld.(S.S."Tean")

MISSIONS

CHURCH MISSION SOCIETY HOSPITAL

Dr. S. Y. Sing and Dr. P. Z. Sun M.D.

·Cable Ad: C.M.S. Pakhoi

PAKHOI-HOIHOW (IN HAINAN)

FRENCH CATHOLIC MISSION (Foreign

Missions of Paris)

Rev. Fathers

L. Penicaud, bishop

A. Genty, assist. and steward

O. Baldit, director of seminary

G. Ginestet, prof. of seminary

R. Lebas,

OSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA

Kam Sing & Co., agents

POST OFFICE

Postmaster-Kwok Kwong Chi

SOCONY-VACUUM CORPORATION

Ching Tai & Co.

Wo SANG & Co.

PENTECOSTAL HOLINESS CHURCH MISSION

Rev. G. C. Legge, supt.

Mrs. G.C. Legge

YAMASHITA KISEN KAISHA

Kam Shosen Kaisha

Agencies

Osaka Shosen Kaisha "Menado Maru"

HOIHOW (IN HAINAN ISLAND)

Kiung-chau 口海 Hoi-hau

Hoihow is the seaport of the prefectural city of Kiungchow, the capital of the Island of Hainan. The two towns are separated by a distance of some three miles of low hills dotted with graves; and across these lies a semi-macadamised road. This highway was originally constructed by the Kiungchow Horse Carriage Co. in 1915, it was considerably improved by General Lung Chi-kwang during his rule over Hainan in the middle of 1918, and was kept in good repair by several motor Car Cos. which maintained a continuous motor car service between the two towns. Over 500 miles of motor road open to traffic connecting Hoihow with Wenchang, Chingmai, Tingan, Kachek, and Chuenyai, and at one time nearly 900 cars, buses and trucks were running on the Island. More new roads are expected to be opened for traffic in the near future. A new bund running along the Hoihow river on the northern part of the town, 60 feet wide, was built in 1924 and the principal streets were widened so as to permit motor traffic. Hoihow is lighted by electricity and possesses a telephone system of its own but since February, 1925, the Island has been occupied by Cantonese troops and many projected improvements have not been carried out owing to general unsettled conditions.

The port of Hoihow was opened by the establishment of a branch of the Chinese Maritime Customs in April, 1876. During the latter nine months of that year foreign tonnage to the extent of 36,672 tons entered and cleared at the Custom House, this representing 54 British, 10 German, 2 French and 4 Danish steamers that entered from, and cleared for, Singapore, Bangkok, Saigon, Annam, Hongkong, etc. situation of the port of Hoihow before and at its opening in 1876 was considered favourable more from the political than the geographical or topographical point of view as the Foreign Consuls at Hoihow would then be in close touch with the Taotai at Kiungchow.

The harbour of Hoihow is an open roadstead, unprotected against the North-east monsoon, which blows here with undisturbed vigour from September to April. The working of cargo is, therefore, normally difficult during those months, and at times im- possible. In addition to the above disadvantages those months are also the dry months when no rain falls up-country, and consequently no water comes down by the Po Chung River to the sea. Again, the tides are more erratic in the winter than they are in the summer: sometimes there are two tides during the 24 hours, sometimes one,

and sometimes none. Cargo then, having been loaded with difficulty into a cargo- boat alongside the importing steamer, has to face a stormy passage of two to three miles to the spit, which runs parallel to the town of Hoihow and a mile distant from it, Once at the spit the cargo-boat may be able to pole up the two miles of shallow muddy water which separates it from Hoihow. If a canal 7 feet deep and 300 feet wide were dredged on the Hoihow river between the neighbourhood of the Custom House and the spit, thus permitting junks, cargo boats and motor launches to navigate at all tides, it would be sufficient to meet present requirements of the trade and would not be an expensive undertaking. Several suggestions have been made for the improvement of the port of Hoihow and some even advocated the transfer of the port to Clinglan or Pochin but all these suggestions were impracticable both from the engineering and from the financial points of view. Chinglan, for instance, which has been much spoken of in the past, is situated on the East Coast, which, though not properly surveyed, is known to be lined with coral reefs and is much exposed to typhoons and S.W. monsoons in the Summer months. And it is far more expen- sive to open a new port than to improve an old established one, without taking into consideration the opposition such a change would create from local vested interests. Hoihow will therefore remain the port of Hainan and it is now being connected by good motor roads with all the principal towns in the island and, when financial conditions permit, the harbour may be improved. A motor road girding the island is almost completed.

As regards health, there is less fever in Hoihow than anywhere else in Hainan. There is excellent water to be had by the sinking of artesian wells, and several are already in existence both in the foreign Quarters and in the Chinese City. The water in the actual wells at Hoihow is brackish, partly from seawater that filters into the wells and partly from the alkiline condition of the soil.

The trade of Hoihow remains more or less stationary. The native commercial con- munity of Hoihow is one that is always being drawn in different directions by op- posing interests. There is a Chamber of Commerce, which works in conjunction with the Five Guilds, representing the merchants of Canton, Swatow, Kochow, Fuh- kien and Hainan.

No foreign settlement has been formed at Hoillow for the very excellent reason that there is no space for such a settlement, unless the foreigners concerned were to see their way to disburse large sums of money in reclaiming the swamp on the verge of which the town of Hoihow stands. From Hoihow itself a tongue of dry land, known as the Tê Shêng Sha, or Victory Spit, runs westward for a distance of about a mile until it loses itself in the morass which there encompasses it on three sides. This strip of dry land is very narrow and has been entirely taken up. The consequence is that any future development, if any, must be out into the marshy ground that borders the Victory Spit.

With the exception of the Roman Catholic Orphanage, erected in 1895, the American Presbyterian Mission Hospital and doctor's residence, the Customs Indoor Staff quarters, the French School for Chinese, the French doctor's residence, and the French Hospital, the houses occupied by the foreign residents are Chinese converted into European habitations by alterations and improvements. H.B.M. Consulate obtained a site after 14 years' negotiations, and a Consulate

Consulate building was erected in 1899. This was closed in 1925 and the property sold to the Chinese Government in 1927; towards the end of 1897 a piece of land was granted, and a French Consulate has been built on the Northern side of the river and facing Hoihow town. Since the beginning of 1899 a free school has been conducted by the French Government for teaching the French language to the Chinese, and an officer from the Tonkin Medical Staff was detailed to this port for the purpose of giving the natives and others free attendance and medicine. The foreign residents in Hainan number about 60 including children. The net value of the trade of the port in 1931 was Hk. Tls. 15,730,486, as compared with Hk. Tls. 8,387,536, in 1930 Hk. Tls. 11,103,954 in 1929, and Hk. Tls. 9,378,368 in 1928. A large export trade in pigs, poultry, eggs, bullocks and provisions is carried on with Hongkong. There has been some talk among the natives of opening mines, constructing railways, and bringing out timber from the virgin forests of the interior. It has been noticed that some people are be- ginning to explore the island, and the Commissioner of Customs is of opinion that the searchlight of modern civilisation will reveal much that is of value to science as well as to commerce. "Perhaps," he added, "when this is accomplished it will be seen that this 'Island of Palms' is not the least rich nor the least fertile of China's

possessions." A Company with foreign capital has recently started to plant up jute. and if the initial experiment is successful quite a large industry may develope. The island of Hainan is described as a terra incognita to the world.

There is no telegraphic communication with the mainland at present. The military wireless station, however, has been opened to the public, with limited places and certain restrictions, also one privately owned wireless station. A harbour light, and a light at Lamko (western entrance of the Hainan Straits) were opened in 1894; also one at Cape Cami on the lower tip of the peninsula in 1895. An Aga Lantern apparatus was installed on the West Fort close to the city at the commencement of 1916. The approach to the harbour badly needs dredging, but is not likely to bẹ dredged until the native merchants of Hoihow develope a more public spirit, and conditions in China improve generally.

DIRECTORY

ASIATIC PETROLEUM Co. (SOUTH

CHINA), LTD.

Y. T. Kong

S. K. Li

M. N. Ho

BERTHELOT, C. A., Merchant

Agencies

Indo China Steam Navigation Co., Ld. Compagnie Indo-Chinoise de Navign. Canadian Pacific Steamships, Ld.

CHIN-POLISH DISPENSARY

P. Petrowsky

CONSULATES

Acting Consul for France Dr.

Esserteau

Director of the French Hospital-

Dr. Esserteau

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME

Commissioner J. C. O'G. Anderson (acting)

Assists.- Ch'en Ta Pung, Yeh Yu

Deputy Commissioner V. Petchatkin (acting) at Kwangchowwan Frontier Stations

Médical Officers J. Esserteau and'

Chu Jun Shen

Tidesurveyor and Harbour Master

R. E. McNeale

Boat Officer-R. Patterson

Examiners C. E. G. Rhoderick and

A. K. Grondahl

Hoihow Harbour A. X. Peroff Lamko--G. Black

Cape Cami-P. U. Sorensen

Relieving Lightkeeper-M. F. Van't

GERMAN DISPENSARY.

F. Flakowsky and wife

HAINAN MOTOR CO., Authorized Ford Dealer-Main Road, Hoihow, Hainan

Island; Teleph. 43; Cable Ad:

Hainanmotor

Leung Yin Tung, manager

HUNG SAN & Co. General Merchants

Shipping and Insurance Agents

Y. T. Fu, manager

Agencies

Thoresen & Co., Ld.

Ho Hong Steamship Co.

KIU SIONG HOTEL GARAGE-Teleph. 14;

Cable Ad: Kiusiong; Code: Bentley's

Wu Kin Sing, manager

Lim Tee Yick, cashier

Lim Yuan Hig, accountant

Tum Fook Tim, assist. do.

MISSIONS

AMERICAN, PRESBYTERIAN MISSION

At Hoihow

Rev. and Mrs. J. F. Steiner

Dr. and Mrs. N. Bercovitz

Miss Grace Macdonald

Miss Caroline McCreery, R.N.

At Kiungchow

HOIHOW LUNGCHOW

Rev. and Mrs. D. S. Tappan Miss Alice H. Skinner Miss Mae Chapin

Rev. and Mrs. A. E. French Rev. O. E. Mirtz

At Kachek

Miss M. M. Moninger

Rev. and Mrs. D. H. Thomas Miss Esther M. Morse, M.D. Dr. H. F. Burkwall

Miss M. Burkwall, R.N.

At Nodoa

Mrs. M. R. Melrose

Rev. and Mrs. P. C. Melrose

Miss Mary H. Taylor

Dr. and Mrs. S. P. Seaton

ROMAN CATHOLIC MISSION

At Hoihow

Rev. Father P. Julliotte, sup.

Rev. Father F. Geyer

Rev. Father E. Yaillet

At Bangcao

Rev. Father C. Bernard

At Tingan

Rev. Father F. M. Mariage

At Seangto.

Rev. Father D. Desperben Rev. Father E. Morvan Rev. Father F. Manac'h

POST OFFICE

Postmaster Chung Chik-chit

SOCONY VACUUM CORPORATION

Cheung Ngai Man, manager

WING FAT Hoyo, Merchants, Importers and Exporters, Shipping and Insurance Agents 16, Chung San Street; Code: Bentley's

Chau Sing Mui, manager

Cheong Wing Steamship Co.

Po On Insurance Co

YUEN FAT LEE Co., General Merchants

Shipping and Insurance Agents

Chau Sing Mui, manager

Wong Siu Shek, assist. manager

-Agencies

China Navigation Co.

B. & S. Marine and Fire Insurance Co. Po On Marine and Fire Insurance Co. Cheong Yue Steamship Co., Ld. Cebu Portland Cement Co.

LUNGCHOW

HH 龍 Lung-chow

This city is situated at the junction of the Sung-chi and Kao-ping rivers in lat. 22 deg. 21 min. N., and long. 106 deg. 45 min. E.,. near the South-western border of the province of Kwangsi, and was selected as the seat of the frontier trade of that province with Tonkin. The continuation of the above-named two rivers is known as the Tso- chiang or left branch of the West River, and it enters the main stream some 30 miles above Nanning. The town is prettily situated amongst the mountains, having exits by the rivers mainly, and lies at an elevation of some 300 feet above sea level. The city wall, last repaired in 1887, is being demolished rapidly to make a circular road round the city proper. A census taken in 1929 showed the Lungchow population as consisting of 3,500 families, in all 14,796 persons, there being no foreign residents in 1931. From a military point of view Lungchow is considered to be a place of importance. Troops are stationed there and at the three frontier stations of Namkuan, Pingerh, and Shuikou, all roughly thirty miles distant in a westerly direction. The port was opened to Franco-Annamese trade on the 1st June, 1889, and has proved a valuable back door into China when strikes obstruct trade elsewhere; 1926 being a record year. Without however an extension of the Hanoi-Langson railway, any marked development of Lungchow is likely to be slow, though the line now runs through to Nasham, where stocks of kerosene were kept on hand during 1924, 1925 and 1926 for importation into China. The frontier road runs from Dongdang on the railway, through Namkuan or Port de Chine to Lungchow, and carries at the present date a considerable amount of motor traffic, the distance of 54 kilometres taking on an average of about three hours.

LUNGCHOW

There are several motor car companies-all Chinese owned-engaged in regular traffic between Lungchow, Shuikon (a frontier mart) as well as Langson in Tonkin. The Lungchow-Nanning motor road has been opened to traffic since March, 1932, with several motor cars engaged in the regular run between the two cities, taking 8 hours to cover the whole journey of about 200 miles. The intervening country is very beautiful and runs through very mountainous areas, in which are a number of rock caves, formerly the habitat of natives indigenous to the neighbourhood. Telegraphic communication exists with Canton and other places on the West River, with Mêngtsz in Yunnan vid Posé, and with places in Tonkin. The Chinese Post Office sends mails almost every day to Langson in Tonkin by motor under contract, and to Nanning overland every second day with connections to Canton and Pakhoi. An establishment of the Chinese Maritime Customs is maintained at the port where foreign interests are in the charge of Consuls resident on the West River and in Hongkong. There was a Catholic Church on the South side of the Tso-chiang, the small orphanage established by the Emanuel Mission in the suburbs outside the East Gate having been removed to Hong Kong since February, 1930. The Consulate, Cus- toms buildings and Missionary Church were completely looted and badly damaged during a Communist uprising in February, 1930. Through the prompt action on the part of the Kwangsi troops under General Wei Yun Tsung to restore peace and order in the district towards the end of 1930, the city of Lungchow, though practically deserted after the communist uprising, has gradually returned to its former prosperity, with a large population and a number of new shops. The Customs Office was re- opened in March, 1931, after a stay in Langson for the greater part of 1930. Though the Toukin frontier was unconditionally opened to passenger and goods traffic since April, 1932, the question of indemnity to be paid by the Chinese Government is not yet settled, with the result that by the end of July 1932, the French Consul still takes up his function from Hanoi, leaving the Lungchow Consulate and the Catholic Mission unoccupied. The stabilisation of the French piastire in January 1930 to the rate of Francs. 10.00 and the increase of import tariff in French Indo-China during the same year have the effect of hampering trade with Lungchow where foreign trade has been reduced to exchanges of petty wares between frontier marts on the border. All imported goods for Lungchow are transported from Hongkong or elsewhere though the West River via Wuchow and Nanning for cheap freight charges paid in silver, instead of in gold payable in Tonkin when goods are shipped through Haiphong. The net value of the trade in 1931 was Hk. Tls. 149,057 as coinpared with Hk. Tis. 10,003 in 1930, Hk. Tls. 116,234, in 1929, Hk. Tls. 239,747 for 1928, Hk. Tls. 262,330 for 1927, and Hk. Tls. 1,198,407 for 1926. The trip up from Nanning usually takes from three to four days, and that down to Nanning about 30 hours, according to the water in the river, the level of which is liable to very sudden fluctuations during the rainy season of July and August. It has been known to rise as high as 75 feet, when the iron suspension bridge across the river is only two feet above the flood. Motor boats carry most of the cargo from and to West River ports, whilst frontier trade is carried by small junks and rafts, and by carts on the overland routes which usually travel in convoys of some number as in Tonkin. The River scenery between Lungchow and Nanning with its succession of gorges and rapids is well worth seeing but accommo- dation for Europeans on the motor boats is not of a luxurious type though each vessel has one special cabin for official travellers. The climate of the port is damp and very hot for some eight months of the year, but the winter is cold enough to be very pleasant amid such picturesque surroundings.

DIRECTORY

BIBLE CHURCH MEN'S MISSIONARY SOCIETY

關州龍 Lung chow kuan

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME

Acting Commr.-Yang Ming Hsin

Assistant-Kuan Lan-lisueh

FRENCH CONSULATE

Consul-N. P. Simon

FRENCH HOSPITAL

Dr. Ch'en Ting-wok

局 郵 等 二 州龍

POST OFFICE (CHINESE).

Officer-in-charge-Tong Hung Ngan

ROMAN CATHOLIC MISSION

Father A. Barrière

MENGTSZ AND YUNNANFU

自 蒙 Mêng-sa

This is a district city in south-east Yunnan, and togetlier with Man-lao, a village on the left bank of the Red River, was opened to trade by the Additional Convention to the French Treaty of Tientsin of the 25th April, 1886, signed at Peking on the 26th June, 1887. The town is two days' journey from Man-hao and about six days' from the frontier of Tonkin at Laokay, and beautifully situated, being built on a cultivated plateau 20 miles long by about 12 miles in breadth, encircled by picturesque mountains, and is 4,280 feet above the level of the sea. It has a Chinese population of 38,562, but was a place of much more importance before the Maliommedan rebellion, as the numerous well-built temples, many of them now in ruins, still testify. It is, however, a considerable commercial emporium even now, and is becoming an important centre for the distribution of foreign goods imported via Tonkin. The French Consul hoisted his flag at Mêngtsz on the 30th April, 1889, and the Customs station was opened in the following August.

TRADE IN 1931

Notwithstanding the introduction of the new Import Tariff and of a con- sumption tax schedule with rates ranging from 2 to 17 per cent. coming on top of the lowered purchasing power of silver, business opened briskly at Mengtsz in 1931 owing to quietude in the local political arena and a pause in bandit activities. In March dissension amongst the military leaders brought about the retirement for a time of the chairman of the provincial government, General Lung Yun, upon whose evacuation the city of Yunnanfu was taken possession of peacefully by the four recalcitrant generals. latter, finding, it is said, that the administration of the province was be- yond their capabilities, however. soon requested General Lung to return, which he did. Both Mengtsz and Yunnanfu suffered from a drought that lasted from November 1930 till well past the middle of 1931. Fortunately its effects were confined to these two districts and Kokiu, where it hindered the production of tin. The Tatun Lake west of Pishihchai completely dried Political unrest occurred again in April and martial law was declared in Yunnanfu, all incoming trains being searched by the military. The bandits having been suppressed for the time being, the second half of the year was peaceful and trade began to show signs of life, only to be hampered again by the boycott of Japanese goods and the stoppage of all commercial dealings with Japan. Towards the end of the year several large Chinese con- cerns had to close down, being unableto meet their financial obligations. The Lad exchange placed the price of foreign goods in general beyond the reach of consumers, and cheap merchandise of good appearance from Japan was very popular and appeared specially to meet the taste and the purse of the people of Yunnan, easily holding the lead in foreign imports in the first half of the year. The value of imports from foreign countries decreased by 5 million Haikwan taels and exports abroad by 4.3 million taels. Domestic trade benefited to some extent by the decline in the foreign trade of the port. As a result of the high cost of foreign matches, another match factory, in addition to the three already in existence, started operations at Yunnanfu during 1931. A new towel factory was started at Mengtsz, and a few more small weaving factories came into existence. Slow but steady progress is being made in road-building.

The net value of the trade of the port in 1931 was Hk. Tls. 26,402,306 as compared with Hk. Tls. 29,153,530 in 1930, Hk. Tls. 25,146,031 in 1929 and Hk. Tls. 27,789,669 in 1928. The Chinese merchants avail themselves largely of the advantages offered by the transit pass system. The value of the trade of the Yunnanfu, Pishihchai, Hokow, Mapai and Manhao branch offices is in- cluded in the Mengtze Custom returns.

The climate of Mengtsz is temporate and salubrious. Plague has been absent from Mengtsz since 1899. During the winter good sport is obtained, snipe and wild fowl being abundant in the plains and some pheasant and partridge in the hilly districts.

MENGTSZ AND YUNNANFŲ

DIRECTORY

BANQUE DE L'INDO CHINE-Mengtz

J. Juquelier

COMPAGNIE FRANCAISE DES CHEMINS DE FER DE L'INDO-CHINE ET DU YUN-NAN

Direction Générale (Paris)

Directeur Général A. Bodin Direction Exploitation (Hanoi)

Directeur Exploitation-A. Hilaire Sous-Dir. Technique-M. Lecorché Agence Principale

(Yunnanfu)

Agent Principal-J. Jonery

Agent Principal Adjoint-F. Petit

Chef 2° Arrondisse't. Trafic et mouve-

ment (Yünnanfou)-Pibouleau

Service Médical (Amichow)

Docteur-H. Dumont

Délégué de l'Exploitation de Yunnan

-A. Patoux

關自蒙 Meng tsz kwan

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME

Commissioner-F. de P. M. P. Marti

(also at Yunnanfu)

Officer-in-charge-J. V. Murphy (at

Pishihchai);

Yunnanfu Officer of the Mengtsz Cus- toms and Yunnanfu Sub-office: Commissioner F. de P. M. P. Marti

(at Mengtsz)

Assistants, C. J. C. D.-L. Basto, Fok

Chong-wa and Sih Polo

Examiners-H. Owen, H. G. Aydon

and A. T. Powell

Hoko Sub-office

Assistant-in-charge-W. E. F. Wysocki Examiner-E. F. Melnik

Pishihchai Sub-office

Assist.-in-charge-Yeh Chaming Examiner J. V. Murphy (at Mengtsz)

DESCOURS, CABAUD ET CIE., Import and

C. Fayard, agent

FRENCH CONSULATE

Consul-Dr. E. L. R. Pautet

YUNNANFU

ALLIANCE FRANCAISE

Secretary-Ch. Chevet

Hon. Treasurer-Ph. Simon

BANQUE DE L'INDO-CHINE

J. Munié, manager

G. P. Lacam, accountant

BRITISH-AMERICAN TOCACCO COMPANY

(CHINA). LTD.

Kung Hsiang, in charge

COMMERCIAL

COMPAGNIE

PETROLES

PRESS, LTD. (Yunnan

FRANCO-ASIATIQUE DES

R. L. Dot, manager. P. Maziere

COMPAGNIE OPTORG, Import and Ex-

.port Merchants

CONSULATES

BRITISH -Cable Ad: Britain

Consul-General for Yunnan and Kwei- chow-H. F. Hansley Derry, C.B.E. Vice-Consul-R. F. Daffern

FRENCH--Yunnanfu and Mengtsz

Consul, Délégué du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères au Yuunan- Daniel Lévi

Vice-Consul, Chancelier à Yunnanfu

Hon. Vice-Consul à Mengtsz-Dr.

Commis de Chancellerie à Yunnanfu

–Pham Nhut Tan

Attaché Militaire-Lieut.-Col. Chevet Médecin-Chef de l'Hôpital Consulaire

de Yunnanfù-Dr. G. Mouillac Médecin-Chef de l'Hôpital Consulaire

de Mengtsz-Dr. Pautet Directeurdes Ecoles Franco-Annamites

à Yunnanfu-Marcadet

UNITED STATES

Vice-Consul-Charles S. Reed 2nd Clerk-Louise M. Kartes

YUNNANFU

Interpreter J. N. Hwang !

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME

Commissioner--F. de P. M. P. Mařti

(at Mengtsz)

Assistants, C. J. C. D.-L. Basto, Fok.

Chong-wa and Sih Polo

Examiners-H. Owen, H, Q. Aydon

and A. T. Powell

FRENCH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

President J. P. Munie

Vice-do. M. Raffin

GERIN, DREVARD & Co., Hardware,

Machinery and Piece Goods,

Man kwok tse chu waj

INTERNATIONAL SAVINGS SOCIETY

Paris Office: 85, Rue St. Lazare.

Head Office: 7, Avenue Edward VII.

Shanghai. Cable Ad: Intersavin

J. Subira

LLOYD, C. F., Importer and Exporter -Cable Ad: Lloyd; Codes: A.B.C. 5th and 6th, Bentley's, Lieber's Kendall's and Private

MISSIONS

BRITISH & FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY..

(Yunnan Sub-Agency)

J. O. Fraser, acting sub-agent

CATHOLIQUE, Vicariat Apostolique de

Yunnanfu

Vicaire Apostolique-Mgr. C: M. F. de Gorostarzu, évêqued' Ailaen1907 Provicaire-F. Ducloux

Procureur J. M. Savin mi

CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY

R. F. Lankester and wife

A. Watson, M.D., P.H.

Mary L. Watson, M.B., B.S.

Miss Bull, Miss Rudd, Miss Tindall

MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIA-

R. D. Arnold, B.A., secretary Mrs. R. D. Arnold

V. D. Parker, B A., secretary Mrs. V. D. Parker

POINSARD & VEYRET (Société Anonyme);

Hardware and Provision Merchants

SOCONY-VACUUM CORPORATION

H. C. Page, representative

SUBIRA FRÈRES, Import and Export-

Cable Ad: Subira; Codes: A.B.C. 5th

edn., and Bentley's

DISTRICT

SALT REVENUE

INSPECTORATE OF

Dist. Inspr.-Kuo Shao Tsung Co-District Inspector A. Padovani Chief Secretary-Polo S. Lind Chief Accountant-Wang Tih Hsuen Peiching Sub-district

Assist. District Inspector-Chao Wu

Co-Assist. District Inspector G. Sax Mohei Sub-district

Assistant District Inspector

Lu Feng I.

Co-Assist. District Inspector R. Daniel

YUNNAN POSTAL DISTRICT Head

Office: Postos

Yunnanfu; Cable Ad:

Postal Commr.-R. M. Caudron Dist. Accountant- B. Serebriakoff Inland Control--Wu Tsu Jung Accountancy-Ching Tat-chi Secretary-Wang Mu Chiao

YUNNANFU CLUB (Cercle de Yunnanfu)

President G. Bocher Secretary M. Bouchet

YUNNANFU WIRELESS STATION

M. Mutter, ingénieur

Hokow was opened to foreign trade by the Supplementary Convention between China and France of 20th June, 1895. By the terms of the agreement France was to establish a Vice-Consulate and China a Customs House at Hokow, these stipulations being carried out in August, 1896, and July, 1897, respectively. The Vice-Consulate is subordinate to the Mengtsz Consulate and the Hokow Customs are under the control of the Mengtsz Commissioner, and the value of the trade is not separately stated in the Mengtsz Customs returns.

Hokow is picturesquely situated on the left bank of the Red River at its confluence with the Nanhsi River-commonly called the Namti-and lies immediately opposite Laokay, an important garrison town in Tonkin. The native town has a population of about 4,000, mostly living in bamboo houses and thatched huts; some good semi- foreign style buildings have, however, been built during the last few years. An iron railway bridge across the Nanhsi River was completed in 1902, and connects Hokow and Laokay. Hokow is about 420 li by land from Mengtsz, which can be reached after a train journey of about 8 hours through magnificent country.

The climate is very unhealthy and new residents soon feel its undermining effects. In summer, when it does not rain it is hot and trying, whereas rain is accompanied by a damp, uncomfortable atmosphere which becomes even more disagreeable as soon as the sun reappears. The main climatic feature, by no means a pleasant one, is a thin, fever-carrying drizzle, which falls in winter and spring. The thick, tropical vegetation is kept moist, and a light and extremely dangerous mist overhangs everything. Malaria is rampant and claims numerous victims amongst the natives. Foreigners manage to recover by taking large quantities of quinine. During the summer, foreigners go to Chapa, a summer resort in Tonkin (Altitude: about 1,700 metres; distance from Laokay: 37 kilometres). Since the bridge over the Red River has been finished, a regular motor service is working between Chapa and Laokay: 2 companies (Veyrenc et Cie. and Schneider et Cie.) maintain this service.

No Vice-Consul is actually stationed in Hokow. An " Agent Consulaire" only is maintained for the visas of passports of French citizens going to China.

DIRECTORY

關分口河 Ho kow fen kwan

Chief Examiner -H. Owen

CHINESE MARITIME CUSTOMS (Branch

Office of Mengtsz Customs)

Assist.-in-charge-V. Pechatkin

Assist. Examiner-A. G. Aydon

FRENCH CONSULATE

Agent Consulaire-Monsieur Long

TENGYUEH (MOMEIN)

Teng yuch

The trade mart Tengyueh-situated near the south-western frontier of Yunnan, in lat. 24 deg. 45 min. N., and long. 98 deg. 30 min. E. was opened to foreign trade under the Burmah Agreement of 1897 modifying the Convention of 1894 relative to Burmalı and Thibet, and the Chinese Customs-house was opened on the 8th May, 1902. It is a walled town built in a rice valley and watered by the Tieh Shui river, a small tributary of the Tai Ping which flows into the Irrawaddy a few miles above Bhamo, which has been the principal emporium of Chinese trade in Upper Burmah for many years past. The distance from Tengyueh to Bhamo by road is some 140 miles, and little more than half that distance as the crow flies. There are two recognised trade routes known as the "old" and "new" roads the former via Nampoung and Man- wyne (where Margary was murdered), and the latter via Kulikha and Man-hsien. The "new" road ends some three miles above Man-hsien, and thence the journey to Tengyueh is made over the "old" tracks. Pack animals and porters constitute the only form of transport, and the time occupied on the trip is usuallyabout eight days. Pack animals seldom travel during the rains (June to September), when through traffic is practically at a standstill, which means that, contrary to expectations, the construction of the new" road, which is passable all the year round, has not resulted in any increase of summer trade, the cessation of business during this period being due more to unfavour- able climatic conditions than to the inferior communications. Namkham, a town on the border 100 miles south of Tengyuel, is now joined up with Lashio by motor road and will be connected with Bhamo later. On the Chinese side, upon both Tengyueh- Namkham and Tengyueh Kulikha routes, the Sawbwas (hereditary Chiefs) are constructing local roads and importing motor cars. Projects are on foot to connect Tengyueh with Bhamo by motor road, which would effect an economy of two thirds of the heavy freights now paid on goods. From Tengyueh to Yunnanfu the road is divided into 24 stages for caravans and sixteen to twenty for postal couriers. It crosses a succession of mountain ranges varying from 4,000 to 10,000 feet in height, besides being intersected by numerous rivers, including the Sweili, the Salween and the Mekong, which would appear to render any railway project too speculative and toocostly to be commercially practicable. Referring to the question of railway construc- tion, the Commissioner of Customs in the course of an interesting report for 1906 remarked:"Should the visionary project of connecting Yunnan and Burma with a trunk railway be ever seriously considered, an initial difficulty will be the selection of a suitable route. Two have been suggested-the so-called Bhamo route via Tengyueh; and the valley of the Salween route via Kunlun Ferry. Opinions are divided as to which is the better, but the latter perhaps allows of easier gradients and is, for various reasons, the more preferable. Both, however, are difficult, and it must be admitted that neither is really suitable for railway construction. Considering the almost insur- mountable physical difficulties presented and the colossal expenditure which would be involved, the practicability, viewed commercially, of such a scheme may well be questioned."

Owing to its elevation (5,400 feet) the climate of Tengyueh is temperate and health- ier than in any of the valleys in the vicinity, which are rendered excessively unhealthy by malignant forms of malarial fever. Malaria is, however, very prevalent in the town itself during the rains, when mosquitoes are plentiful and when the general health of the place is poor. The average yearly rainfall is about 65 inches, most of which falls from June to September, when the incessant dampness is somewhat trying.

TRADE IN 1931.

The isolation of Tengyueh, and the primitive nature of communications tend to prevent the progress and develogment of this district satisfactory. The question of the construction of a motor road to Bhamo has recently been much to the fore, and in 1931 the provincial authorities announced their intention of constructing motor roads from Yunnanfu to Kunlun Ferry, to Tengyueh and on towards Bhamo, and to Lichiangfu in the north. Motor roads to the extent of some 70 miles have already been constructed in some of the Chinese Shan States, and Mangshih, some four

TENGYUEH (MOMEIN)

days' march south of Tengyueh, will shortly, be in communication with Bhamo and other points in Burma, a prospect that is slowly bringing home to the inhabitants of Tengyueh the probability of the local centre of trade passing to that town or to Lungling, in its vicinity. The commissioner of customs writes in July 1932 that.

There is little hope for an expansion of trade in this province until the present old fashioned methods of transport are superseded.

Little practical progress during the past year in the matter of the improvement of communications between this province and Burma can be recorded. Though the question of the construction of a motor road has been very fully investigated, such a project is likely to be delayed indefinately owing to the large initial outlay required.

There is as yet no evidence of any commercial motor traffic on the short lengths of road constructed by certain of the Shan Sawbwas.

The removal of the expert duties on silk this spring (1932) should do something to revive the former importance of that industry..

The net value of the trade during 1931, as taken cognizance of by the Maritime Customs, was Hk. Tls. 2,962,629, as compared with Hk. Tls. 3,854,411, in 1930 Hk. Tls 4,090,803 in 1929, and Hk. Tis. 3,852,694 in 1928

DIRECTORY

MISSIONS

R. M. P.

AMERICAN LADIES' MISSION

CHINESE MARITIME CUSTOMS

Assistant in-charge

Bairnsfather

Assistant-J. F. Maclennan

Chief Examiner-P. A. Davidson

Medical Officer-Sein Hline

Consul-H. Prideaux-Brune

SWEDISH MISSION

POST OFFICE

Postmaster-Chu Chia-jui

Szemao, opened to the Tonkin frontier trade by the Gérard Convention of 1895 and to British trade by the Burmah Convention of 1896, is situated in the south-western part of the Province of Yunnan in latitude 22 deg. 47 min. 29 sec. N. and longitude 100 deg. 46 min. E. It is a sub-prefectual walled town built on gently rising ground overlooking a well-cultivated plain. The elevation is 4,700 feet above the sea-level, and the population is estimated to be about 10,000. The climate

The climate is moderate, the temperature rarely exceeding 80 degrees (Fahr.) during the summer, and seldom falling below 40 degrees in the winter months. The place is distant from both Yunnan-fu (the capital of the province) and Mengtsz 18 days, from the French Laos frontier 6 days, and from British territory about 12 days. It was opened in the early part of 1897, and so far has not fulfilled the expectation of its potential importance as a trading centre.

The prevalence of malarial fever is responsible for the steady decline of this port, the population of which has been reduced, since the days of its greatest prosperity, in 1880, from a figure estimated at 80,000 persons to some 40,000 ten years ago and to 10,000 at the present time. The value of the trans-frontier trade of Szemao in 1931 was Hk. Tls. 232,879 as compared with Hk. Tls. 126,658 in 1930, Hk. Tls. 129,158 in 1929 and Hk. Tls. 172,136 in 1928. The smallness of the trade statistics has been attributed partly to the fact that, owing to the various routes in the neighbourhood of the

port, effective supervision is difficult of attainment, and partly to the decline of the cotton trade the staple import article at this port-experienced during the past decade. In order to introduce a more effective control of the trans-frontier trade the Szemao Customs opened, towards the end of 1930, a sub-station at Ta-lo and also two collectorates at Mêng-lung and Mêng-lien on the south and western frontiers. It must be remembered, also, that the above figures only represent the value of that portion of the Szemao trade coming under the cognisance of the Szemao Customs, that is to say, goods which are im. ported or exported across the frontiers of Burma and Tonkin and which alone are classed as "foreign trade" of this port.

The increase shown in the Value tables for 1931 is entirely due to the opening of three new sub-stations at Menglien, Talo, and Mengleng to extend Customs control over the western and southern roads. Had it not been for the establishment of these new stations, the Szemao returns would actually have registered a heavy decline in trade. Work was commenced on a motor road to connect Sdemao with Yunnanfu in the north and Kwangtung in the south. The road will be 1,800 in length.

In the country to the south of Szemao, known as the Chinese Shan States, large quantities of tea are produced, and only a small portion is exported abroad direct from Szemao across the Tonkin frontier. The rest, estimated at about 30,000 piculs per annum, is sent to different parts of China, and this "inland trade" is not con- trolled by the Szemao Customs. No foreign traders reside at Szemao, the trade being entirely in the hands of local merchants, who have no agencies in either Tonk in or Burmah. Considerable ethnological interest centres in the neighbourhood of Szemao, Writing on this subject in the course of his Trade Report for 1905 the Com- missioner of Customs remarked: "It is of much interest to notice the various aboriginal races in this part of Yunnan, living side by side with, and yet

differentiated from, the Chinese, and possessing distinct customs, characteristics, and traditions of their own. In the surrounding mountains we find the Lolo and Lohei, and in the low-lying plains the Shans, known to the Chinese as Pa-i; interspersed with these is the vassal tribe of the Akas. In the vicinity of the Chinese towns little settlements of the Mahe and Putu who are offshopts of the Woni, are to be met with. From Talang north to Yuan chiang and eastwards south of the Red River as far as Man- hao, is the home of the Woni race, who are a swarthy people sub-divided into several tribes. Near Talang live a few Min-chia people who have migrated from Ta-li and Yuan chiang, the headquarters of this large branch of the Shan race. At Shih-p'ing and Yuan-chiang there are several tribes of Pa-i, or Shans proper, and some Yao, also, are to be found in the mountains to the east of Szemao - a remarkable race which is to be met with in scattered hamlets in mountainous districts as far eastwards as Kwangsi. The Kawas inhabit the prefecture of Chên-pien-t'ing, to the westward of Szemao, and concerning their mode of life but little yet is known. The relentless march of civilisa- tion, however beneficial to the world at large, is bearing hardly on the aboriginal races of mankind; and the south-western portion of this ancient province of Yunnan provides one of the few remaining territories where they are still permitted a local habitation and a name." There is a large and interesting field for mission work, the soil being still practically virgin. It is noticeable that the various tribes inhabiting this corner of China are slowly undergoing a process of social and economic evolution under the influence of Chinese settlers and travellers with whom they come in contact, but the process of assimilation is very slow, and the Shans, as well as all the other aborigines, still continue, like birds of a feather, to flock together.

DIRECTORY

AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN MISSION

Kiulungkiang

Rev. and Mrs. L. J. Beebe

Rev. and Mrs. E. C. Goodenberger Dr. and Mrs. C. M. Galt

Yuankiang

Rev. and Mrs. C. R. Callender

Dr. and Mrs. Chas. E. Park

CHINESE MARITIME CUSTOMS

Asst. in charge-Lee Peng Sheo Asst. Huang Chi Nan' Clerk-Hsieh Kuo-chun Tidewaiter Fung Chi Keung

'do. --Chan Yun Yi

CHINESE POST OFFICE

Postmaster Yang Peng

The Hong Kong Daily Press

(Established 1857)

HAS THE MOST INFLUENTIAL CIRCULATION

OF ANY PAPER PUBLISHED LOCALLY.

75 years old and first with the Airmail.

Write for advertising rates to

11, Ice House Street,

Hong Kong.

London Office

53, Fleet Street, E.C. 4.

HONG KONG

Classified List of Agents, Merchants

and Manufacturers in territory, also a List of Cable Addresses, will be found at the End of the Directory. Classified List of Far Eastern Engineering Firms follows Hong Kong.

Hongkong

Philippine Netherlands

Hongkong

| Canton

Southern

Confidence & Security

Years of experience of the Chinese is behind all the work of the Advertising & Publicity Bureau, Ltd. Put that experience behind your sales and reap a rich harvest in this market of millions.

Follow the example of these firms who know the re- sults brought by the Advertising & Publicity Bureau's services. We increase our business by increasing their business.

ALLEN & HANBURY

Allenbury's Baby Food.

AUSTIN CARS

Alex. Ross & Co., Ltd. BOVRIL

BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO

CO., LTD.

Capstan Cigarettes.

CADBURY-FRY

Chocolates.

CARRERAS, LTD.

Craven "A" Cigarettes.

COLGATE PALMOLIVE & PEET

Palmolive Soap, Dental Cream.

DWELL & CO., LTD. lack & White Whisky, Courvoisier Brandy, McEwan's Beer, Roneo Office Equipment, Frigidaire. NLOP RUBBER CO., LTD. unlop Tyres.

DR. WILLIAMS' PINK PILLS ENO'S FRUIT SALTS EVERREADY BATTERY G. E. C. PRODUCTS

GIBBS DENTIFRICE

GILMAN & CO., LTD.

Cobra Polish, Rowntree Chocolates, Pan Yan Pickles Yeast-Vite, Humber and Hillman Cars. HOUBIGANT PERFUME HUTCHISON, JOHN D.

Army Club, Abdulla, Gold Flake, Via Bama, Sea Lord Cigarettes.

IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUS-

JARDINE, MATHESON & CO.,

Otard Brandy, Aylmer Products,

White Horse Whisky.

JOHNNIE WALKER WHISKY KODAK

KIWI BOOT POLISH MORRIS CARS MANUFACTURERS

NEW ZEALAND

FORESTS, LTD.

LIFE IN-

PERPETUAL

NUGGET BOOT POLISH

OVALTINE

ROYAL BAKING POWDER

RONDON PRODUCTS Hennessey Brandy. SIMPSON'S FLOUR SQUIBBS

Dental Cream, Vitavose. THORNYCROFT & CO., LTD. UNITED STATES ADVERTISING

CORPORATION Willys Cars.

William Hollins & Co., Ltd. WESTINGHOUSE

WATSON, A. S. & CO., LTD.

Dewar's Whisky.

Advertising & Publicity Bureau, Ltd.

CHINA & MALAYA

Head Office at St. George's Building, Hong Kong.

Branch Office: Meyer Chambers, Raffles Place, Singapore.

"-་་ .Page 1051

ADVERTISEMENTS

Associates Corporation, Ltd.

Authorised Capital $1,000,000.00

司公限有合聯華中

HONG KONG

General Merchants and Government Contractors

CABLE ADDRESS

HONGKONG

Specialising in:-

CODES USED

"ACME" BENTLEY

AND PRIVATE

Lumber, Wheat, Flour, Tallow, Wool, Canned Goods and Construction Materials

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AUSTRALIAN FOODSTUFFS.

WE ARE REGULAR EXPORTERS OF:-

BUTTER & CHEESE

We can also supply the following goods at competitive prices:- Bacon, Hams, Frozen Meat, Dry Fruits, (Currants, Sultanas & Lexias), Fresh Fruit, Wheat, Flour, Leather and other Australian produce.

We can quote firm prices by Cable C.I.F. British Sterling.